Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio D: Medicina最新文献

The solitary pulmonary nodule is a common radiologic abnormality, which is often detected incidentally. It is defined as focal, round or oval areas of increased opacity in the lung which are caused by a variety of disorders, including neoplasm, infection, inflammations, and vascular and congenital abnormalities. Most of the solitary pulmonary nodules are benign, but up to 30%-40% of them are malignant. The main goal of the radiologic evaluation of suspected solitary pulmonary nodules is to differentiate benign from malignant lesions as accurately as possible. The aim of the study was the assessment of the morphological characteristics of the malignant solitary pulmonary nodules. Large nodule size, irregular, spiculated margins, inhomogeneous density of nodule thick walls in cavitary nodules suggest the presence of the malignant lesion. Smooth, well-defined margins, homogeneous density or the presence of diffuse, laminated, central or popcorn-like calcifications suggest the benign nodule. Diffuse, irregular amorphous calcifications suggest the malignant process. Unfortunately there is a kind of overlapping, and some benign nodules may show features typical of malignancy, and some malignant lesions may appear benign. Morphologic characteristics in computed tomography is however helpful in differentiation of benign from malignant nodules.

Unlabelled: Gastrointestinal problems are an infrequent but serious consequence of cardiac surgery that includes cardiopulmonary bypass. Predictors of these complications are not well developed, and the role of fundamental variables remains controversial. Between July 1998 and August 2002, 1,552 patients (1,106 male and 446 female), mean age 56 years, underwent heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Among those 1,552 patients, 21 (1.35%) had gastrointestinal complications, mainly because of gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastritis and five of them required surgery. We present these five patients, three with intestinal ischemia, two with intestinal bleeding. There Hoffmeister-Finsterer operation, Rydygier resection, hemicolectomy, appendectomy with cecum sewing and sigmoid resection were performed. The mortality in this group was 60% (three of five), and the cause of death was multiorgan insufficiency.

Conclusion: Careful monitoring and physical examination of these high-risk patients following cardiac surgery is required for early detection and effective treatment.

Congenital nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemias (CNH) are quite rare pathology of liver. They occur most often in children, but are common in adults too. A common feature of congenital nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemias is an abnormal serum bilirubin level without other abnormalities in routine liver functional tests. Liver histology on light microscopy is normal. Hereditary genetics defect of enzymes taking part in metabolism of bilirubin is the cause of CNH. They are divided into two groups: with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Crigler-Najjar syndrome, Gilbert syndrome) and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Dubin-Johnson syndrome and Rotor syndrome). Because CNH in adults are benign disorders and the prognosis is excellent, patients do not require any specific therapy. Is important to take the differential diagnosis. Once the diagnosis of congenital nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia is confirmed, patients should be informed of the disease process and its benign nature to prevent needless work-up in the future. In present, CNH are treated as cosmetic defects and no therapy is applied.

Acute and chronic ischaemic diseases are among the main death reasons and civilized world menace. Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs): valine (Val), leucine (Leu), and isoleucine (Ile) are the main source of nitrogen to glutamine (Gln) and alanine (Ala) synthesis in muscles. In numerous cachexy-producing illnesses such as cancer, sepsis, diverse injuries and heart diseases increased consumption of BCAAs occurs. In myocardial ischemia BCAAs derived from the mobilization of muscle protein may be an important alternative energy substrate for the heart. BCAAs are oxidative energy substrates for the heart and may exert anabolic effects on myocardial protein (8). The aim of our study was to determine branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) concentrations in blood plasma of patients with chronic and acute ischeamic heart disease and to find out changes that those amino acids undergo during the first five days of patients' hospitalization.

The purpose of this study was to exclude the potential antimicrobial activity of certain analgesic active imidazo[2,1-c]triazines. These compounds contain in their chemical structure potential pharmacophore formations and features similar to those present in morphine - like analgesics and opioid receptor agonists containing no basic nitrogen atom. These compounds showed significant antinociceptive activity on the central nervous system of the tested animals, correlated with very low toxicity value (LD50 value of above 2000 mg kg(-1) b.w. via i. p.). Microbiological tests were conducted on 106 strains of bacteria, 6 strains of yeast-like fungi and 3 strains of moulds. The examined imidazo[2,1-c]triazines in concentrations of 100 microg ml(-1) and 200 microg ml(-1) had no influence on the growth of the microorganisms tested. Lack of this influence can be profitable in the case of analgesic active compounds.

Only 171 patients with injuries that were caused as a result of stubbing treated in Jan Bozy Regional Hospital in Lublin in the years 1997-2000, were analysed. The injured people were mostly men aged 21-40. 142 people were treated in outpatient clinic, and 29 were hospitalized. The medium ime spent in hospital was about 7 days. Eleven of the hospitalized patients were operated on immediately. On the basis of the analysis of the research results it was estimated that: 1. The most frequent tool ausing stabbed wounds in the case of hospitalized patients was a knife, and in outpatients--a nail. 2. The circumstances in which the stabbed wounds were most often appearing were accidents (out-patient clinic) and in the case of hospitalized patients assaults by unknown culprits. 3. The most frequent localization of the stabbed wounds among the hospitalized patients was chest and among the outpatients an arm or a leg.

The aim of the study was morphological assessment of the haematopoietic microenvironment of the bone marrow in foetuses from preterm pregnancies. For the morphological assessment the bone marrow was taken from sternum during an autopsy examination. After standard preparation, cellular elements of individual developmental lines were identified with the application of immunohistochemical methods. Evaluation of the bone marrow stroma elements was performed on the basis of configuration of the vascular sinuses, connective tissue elements, mutual topographic relations and integrin occurrence. The assessment of the argentophilic fibres was carried out with impregnation with silver according to the Gomori method. The configuration of the vascular sinuses was defined with morphometric evaluation with MicroImage-Olympus Kit. Identification of the 'young vascular forms' was performed with immunohistochemical methods with the use of endothelial cell antibodies and factor VIII. The presence of integrin was discovered in individual megakaryocytes, endothelial cells of sinus vessels and singular cells forming a stroma. However, no differences were found in the quantity of argentophilic fibres. The study revealed that ontogenetic development of haematopoietic tissue not only consists in alterations connected with the maturing process and cellular differentiation, but in topographic changes as well.

Tobacco smoking among medical personnel is a problem concerning not only our country. Nurses and midwives in their work have a close contact with patients allowing influence on their health behaviours. Positive own example is indispensable in this field. Formation of proper attitudes and healthy behaviours should be one of the main goals of academic education of nurses and midwives. The aim of the study was an attempt at analysing the problem of tobacco smoking among the students of the Faculty of Nursing, Medical University of Lublin. The material consisted of 152 anonymous questionnaires filled in by the students in the academic year 2001/2002. There was applied the method of standardized interview using an interview questionnaire. The material was analysed by means of descriptive statistics methods. Women were more prevalent among the respondents (143 persons out of 152), the mean age equalled 29.4 years. The majority were students of nursing (109 persons) and 43 represented midwifery. Twenty-seven percent of all students declared tobacco smoking, 13% quitted the habit and 60% never smoked. The studies proved that medical education and knowledge of harmfulness of tobacco smoking are the main reasons of non-smoking habits of the analysed group of students. The decision about taking up smoking is mostly influenced by smoking peers. This testifies to the need of further educational actions during nursing studies that would promote proper health behaviours in this field.

The effectiveness of Green Or preparation in the treatment of cervical dental hypersensitivity was evaluated. This problem is difficult for patients and for dentists because of dual and unknown methods of treatment. The preparation was used in 30 patients between the ages of 20 and 70 years on 240 teeth with exposed and hypersensitive necks. The obtained results are acceptable, as total elimination of hypersensitivity was attained in 85% of cases, partial reduction of hypersensitivity in 15% cases.

The aim of the work is to present numerous conceptions defining the quality of life. Various definitions are formulated and those presented in the work seem to characterize the concept in the most specific way. They share a lot of common features. However, there are also some differences between them mainly concerning the issue whether the quality of life is a general or rather a multi-dimensional construction and what factors determine good quality of life. It has been agreed that the quality of life is variable in time, not observable or measurable, however, as a definition, it has to be precisely established and defined.