Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio D: Medicina最新文献

Multi-slice computed tomography has become the main method to diagnose and evaluate the intensity of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The most common cause of PE is thrombosis of veins of the lower limbs and pelvis. The paper presents various aspects of the use of combined pulmonary artery arteriography and indirect venography performed using multi-slice tomography in relation to other methods imaging the venous system used so far. The authors presented the techniques of CT examination of venous vessels of the lower limbs, abdominal cavity and pelvis in patients with the suspicion of PE, typical images of lesions, results of studies concerning these issues conducted to date and their own experience based on clinical practice.

Diabetes mellitus is becoming an increasingly common disease. The influence of viruses on the development of diabetes mellitus has been presented on the basis of various scientific reports.

Tumour marker CA 125 is used in the monitoring results of treatment woman with ovarian cancer. Its diagnostic effectiveness in selected groups of patients is defined by sensitivity estimated at approximately 75% and specifity at 95%. In practice diagnostic specificity of CA 125 concentration is lower as it is limited by the increase of concentration different tumour diseases (bladder cancer) and non-tumour diseases (pericardial inflammation). The aim of the paper was to estimate CA 125 concentration in patients with congestive heart failure as well as to define the range of changes taking place according to the advancement of the disease. The research included 39 patients: 20 women and 19 men aged 45-75 with diagnosed congestive heart failure graded II-IV in the NYHA classification. It has been found that CA 125 concentration in blood serum of the patiens with congestive heart failure was on average approximately 35.4 +/- 24.8 U/ml and was included in the range from 5.6 to 874 U/ml (limit value 21 U/ml). The concentration increase above the limit value was observed in 34% of patients. Significant statistic differences in CA 125 concentration rates were dependent on the disease advancement. The highest concentration rates were observed in patients classified in group IV NYHA. The results that have been obtained allow us to draw a conclusion that right interpretation of CA 125 concentration in clinical practice (screening examinations, establishment of the level of advancement, prognostication as well as monitoring the ovarian cancer treatment) brings the necessity of taking into consideration the degree of congestive heart failure.

An epidemiological study was carried out on the population of 59 subjects aged 35-4 (30 women, 29 men) living in Lublin. An evaluation of dentition status and degree of provision for prosthetic needs was done. We observed a remarkable frequency of dental caries, a large percentage of subjects with missing or damaged teeth (76.27%), and inadequate advancement of prosthetic treatment in 62.71% of subjects. Greater care for prosthetic treatment was observed among women than among men. Gaps within the maxilla were more often protected than those within the mandible.

Childhood and adolescence are the periods of life when the experience of violence accumulates. As socially weaker individuals, children and teenagers are exposed to violence. The factors that increase the risk of child maltreatment include, above all, social and cultural factors and the stress that family suffer from. The literature on this subject distinguishes four categories of child maltreatment, namely: emotional, physical, negligence and sexual abuse. The survey involved 250 representatives of high school teenagers aged 15-20, including 145 girls and 105 boys. The research method was the survey estimating the Scale of Battered Child Syndrome (for teenagers and adults). The results show that a big group of teenagers admitted to having experienced at least one of four kinds of domestic violence. The group is not uniform, however, and the socio-cultural factors that affect the kind and intensification of the phenomenon of violence have been revealed. The most frequent reasons for using violence are: low level of education, unemployment of parents and material status connected with this fact, low frequency of attendance to religious services, alcohol abuse, and place of living. On account of the intensification of the phenomenon of violence in the domestic environment and both direct and distant consequences of the phenomenon in the form of mental and physical disorders of individuals as well as the dangers for the proper development of the society that result from it, there is a need to continue doing research on this phenomenon.

In the course of the last years, the development of teleinformatics caused that the Internet services have become more and more popular. The Internet means reaching new possibilities, which are provided by fast, easy and two-direction access to the required information. These features make the Internet one of the most important tools applied in health education increasing the knowledge, skill and motivation of an individual for health self-care.

The use of laser therapy as the agent reinforcing conventional treatment of the periodontal diseases becomes more and more common. In the physiotherapy of the periodontal diseases the biostimulating, laser is eagerly used because of its action which accelerates the healing of wounds and also because of its antioedematous, anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. The aim of work was the evaluation of the influence of laser biostimulation on the change of the periodontological pockets depth after the routine conservative periodontological treatment with additional use of laser biostimulation and without it for two groups of pockets: above and below 5 mm. In six patients having periodontitis 613 sites were submitted to the statistic analysis (290 treated conservatively only, including 251 with the depth 2-5 mm and 39 above 5 mm as well as 323 with the use of laser therapy including 297 shallow pockets and 26 deep ones). The initial values of API, SBI, PPD and their changes in the course of the treatment were registered. During each control appointment the patients subjectively estimated periodontal pain occurrence. In both studied groups statistically essential decrease of the evaluated parameters was obtained. Reinforcing the conventional treatment with laser biostimulation shortens its duration and leads to the elimination of pain faster than with the use of conservative treatment only. The changes of the PPD index among the successive examinations were statistically essentially higher in the therapy with the use of laser, especially in relation to deep pockets.

The aim of the study is presenting the typical findings of fibrotic changes in high-resolution computed tomography in patients with sarcoidosis. Material comprises a group of 18 patients with sarcoidosis, in whom HRCT examination was performed. The scanning was performed from lung apices to the level of diaphragm, at full inspiration with patients in supine position. The presence and character of HRCT findings were noted and analyzed. Additional expiratory scans were performed to diagnose air-trapping, and in case of subpleural densities in posterior, dependent lung areas additional scans were obtaining in prone patients positions. Fibrotic changes were found in the area of confluent nodular lesions in five patients. In these fibrotic areas the bronchiectasis, as well as parenchymal bands and fibrotic masses were seen. In six patients the reticular pattern was the predominant pathology. Thickened lobular septa did not resolve during the remission of the diseases, suggesting the presence of irreversible, reticular fibrotic changes. Intensive fibrosis led towards destruction of the lung parenchyma, with honeycombing involving large lung areas. In the areas of active disease fibrotic changes with traction bronchiectasis were accompanied by the confluent nodular changes and presence of consolidation. After resolving of active reversible changes the intensive fibrosis with large bronchiectasis forming the honeycombing pattern with reticular changes were seen in five patients. In three cases the most intensive changes both fibrotic and productive (granuloma) changes were localized in the lower lobe, mimicking the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The classical HRCT findings in sarcoidosis are well known. But most of them, nodules, ground glass opacities, peribronchovascular thickening or hilar adenopathy are reversible. The irreversible fibrotic changes develop in about 25% of patients. In the early stage they are subtle and invisible on plain radiographs or even on normal CT sections. So the HRCT is necessary to reveal fibrotic changes in patients with sarcoidosis and to monitor the progression of the diseases. Therefore, the good knowledge of HRCT signs of fibrosis is essential.

The ever increasing number of injuries to deciduous teeth in children constitutes a serious problem in paedodontics. Among many factors that facilitate tooth injuries are malocclusions, and most specifically protrusions of upper incisors of Class II/1 according to Angle. This is a case report of a 6-year-old girl with irregularities of upper permanent incisors due to traumatic injuries to deciduous teeth. In view of the ongoing child development processes, medical check-ups following injuries to deciduous teeth should be undertaken once every two or three months. Since such injuries have an impact on the development of the masticatory organ, children should undergo medical inspection and observation immediately upon the completion of relevant post-trauma treatment.

Hypertension is among the world's most widespread diseases and one of the most frequent causes of mortality in the adult population. Clinical and experimental observations indicate the importance of psychic factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The aim of this study was to characterize depressive symptoms as well as to analyze anxiety level in patients with essential hypertension. A group of 38 patients, 17 females and 21 males, aged 20-77, the average age being 53, treated for essential hypertension diagnosed on the basis of the generally established clinical criteria were examined with the use of A.S. Zigmond's and R.P. Snaith's Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and C.D. Spielberger's, R.L. Gorsuch's and R.E. Lushene's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in an authorized translation by J. Strelau, M. Tyskarczyk and K. Wrześniewski. Examination results received with the use of HADS reveal a moderate occurrence of depressive symptoms in patients with essential hypertension. The application of STAI enabled state and trait anxiety analysis. The examined patients are characterized by an increased level of A-State as well as an increased level of A-Trait. Patients with hypertension exhibit state anxiety in reaction to all kinds of direct threat factors. They also react with an increased level of trait anxiety as an acquired behavioral disposition. This leads to a conclusion that the examined patients' reaction is marked by the anxiety disproportionate in strength to the actual danger.