Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio D: Medicina最新文献

Increased mortality, morbidity and incidence of neoplastic diseases, malignancy especially, has been observed in Poland for over 20 years. Death rate has increased from 19.34% to 22.13% in male population and from 16.68% to 18.48% in females in 1987-1996. The prognosis for 2010 estimates ca 70,000 deaths in males and ca 40,0000 in females. In the male population, among malignancies, lung cancer accounts for the biggest number of deaths. In the female population the first place is taken by breast cancer. Breast cancer is likely to develop in any age, however it increases significantly with age. Among the causes is the lack of knowledge about self-detection of alarming signs and symptoms within breasts that should arouse their concern. The purpose of the study was to answer the following questions: 1. Do young women know the technique of self-examination of the breasts? 2. Where did they learn about the necessity of breast self-examination? 3. Do they self-examine breasts?

Unlabelled: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared with CABG in non-AMI patients. We describe the surgical results of these high-risk patients. Sixteen patients (nine male and seven female) underwent CABG after recent onset of acute myocardial infarction. The mean age was 64.7 (range: 51 to 78). Seven patients (43.8%) had at least one myocardial infarction in the past, three (18.8%)--diabetes mellitus, two (12.5%)--chronic renal failure after nephrectomy. Five patients (31.3%) were preoperatively in cardiogenic shock, and six patients (37.5%) required preoperative intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) for stabilization. Two patients (12.5%) had postinfarction ventricular septum perforation (VSD) and three patients (18.8%) hed left main artery trunk stenosis. Mean ejection fraction was 46%. During the first 24 hours six patients were operated, during the second day two, up to the seventh day five more and last three between 8th and 21st day after AMI. The operations were performed with extracorporal circulation in middle hypothermia (34 degrees C). The mean number of grafts per patient was 2.9, and the left internal thoracic artery was used in 11 patients (68.8%). In two patients VSD was closed with Dacron patch. All the patients needed longer time of reperfusion and inotropic drugs and eight (50%) of them mechanical support (IABP) during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Three patients (18.8%) died (both with VSD) because of low output syndrome and multiorgan failure, all were over 70 years old (72, 73, 78).

Conclusion: emergency coronary artery bypass grafting for acute myocardial infarction is associated with increased operative mortality and morbidity especially in the first 48 hours. The only risk factors for postoperative mortality in this group of patients are age over 70 years, cardiogenic shock, left main artery stenosis and the shortness of the interval between acute myocardial infarction onset and surgery.

The objective of this research study was a preliminary comparison of some chosen trace elements concentrations in cervical mucus and blood serum of women of childbearing age. The levels of iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were determined in cervical mucus and serum of 10 patients. The obtained results do not point to any association between the levels of the examined trace elements in cervical mucus or any correlation between their contents in mucus and blood serum. As no correlation was found between the blood serum and cervical mucus, as far as trace elements are concerned, one might suggest that the uptake of trace elements by the mucus has an active form.

The research was carried on 70 hearts of adult humans. The hearts were subjected to direct analyses on the autopsy material. The presence or absence of the valve of the great cardiac vein was analysed with reference to sex. The terminal valve of the great cardiac vein was found in 92% of the examined hearts. To define the location of the valve of the great cardiac vein the osmium of the left atrium oblique vein was treated as the reference point. In 3% of cases the presence of the valve was observed independently of the opening of the left atrium oblique vein. The valve of the great cardiac vein was placed proximally from the opening of the left atrium oblique vein. The valve of the great cardiac vein placed distally in relation to the beginning of the coronary sinus was never observed. The three types of the great cardiac vein valves were found: 1. single, semilunar cusp; 2. endothelial fold; 3. double pouches.

The renal glomeruli of the kidney of white Wistar rats were examined. The animals were given Cladribine (2-CdA) subcutaneously at dosages of 0.07 mg/kg b.m./24 h for 7 days and 0.1 mg/kg b.m./24 h for 6 days in 3 courses with 5 weeks' break between each. The animals were killed in each instance, 24 hours after the last dose of the drug or 4 weeks after the last dose. The kidney samples were taken for ultrastructural examination. In all of the groups, changes were observed but the intensity differed: widening or narrowing of the urinary space, thickening of the basement membrane of the parietal layer of the Bowman's capsule and the basement membrane of capillaries, and density changes in capillary vessels as well as infiltrations around the renal glomeruli. Most changes were observed in experimental group IV: the picnotic nuclei of epithelium, widening and fusion of the foot processes of podocytes (the narrowing of the filtration spaces) and numerous invaginations of the nuclear envelope of damaged podocytes.

The aim of the paper was to characterize the food borne microorganisms, which are the most common causes of bacterial food poisonings in humans. Furthermore, the dietary recommendations in acute gastro-intestinal disorders were presented.

The paper describes a patient case with early diagnosed myasthenia introduced, who after thymectomy and postsurgical pharmacology achieved a total remission of the disease within six years.

Progressive violence, the quickening pace of life and transport facilities' development have as a consequence an increased number of traumas. Midface fractures involving zygomatic bone fractures take one of the leading positions in the total number of traumas. It seems appropriate to study the causes and the effects of zygomatico-orbital and zygomatico-maxillo-orbital fractures managed by open reduction and rigid internal fixation at the present time of the medical service being reformed and economic rules being included in the treatment. The analysis of the economic consequences of midface traumas and their causes as well as the search for the influence of social and cultural changes on fracture management was the aim of the study. Histories of 61 injured patients treated by open reduction and rigid internal fixation in 1st Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Silesian Medical University in Zabrze between 1996 and 2001 were studied. Patients' sex, the most frequent trauma causes and their disposition in different age groups were taken into consideration. It was observed that certain symptoms of the fracture tend to coexist with high energy traumas (traffic accidents, violent assaults). The influence of injury's extension on the prolongation of hospitalization time was emphasized. It was concluded that assaults and traffic accidents are the most frequent and devastating causes of zygomatico-orbital and zygomatico-maxillo-orbital fractures. The fractures usually involve men aged from 21 to 40 years. The rapid growth of violence and the pace of life have in recent times necessitated the general use of advanced and expensive operating techniques in injured patients recently. The break in social and professional activity of injured individuals and the scale of the problem indicate the necessity of change in medical service financing.

The aim of the study was to estimate relationships between serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), its binding protein (IGFBP-3), estradiol and testosterone in girls during puberty, taking into consideration gonadotropins level and nutritional status. Eighty-six girls aged 9.8-14.7 were examined. The girls were divided into three groups according to the pubertal stage. Body height, weight and thicknesses of skin folds were measured. Biochemical parameters were assessed using RIA method. It has been found that all investigated parameters are growing with pubertal development. There are significant positive correlations between IGF-1 and testosterone, IGF-1 and estradiol serum concentrations as well as between IGF-1 serum concentration, BMI and sum of skin folds thicknesses. It has been also proved that there are positive correlations between IGFBP-3 and estradiol serum concentration as well as between IGFBP-3 and age, body height and body weight in girls during puberty.

About 75% of AAAs are asymptomatic. They come to light as the chance findings of a lump with or without pulsation, noted on self-examination, a routine physical check-up, or during diagnostic investigations. Ultrasonography and CT are two most often used in diagnosing of AAAs. The aim of the study was the assessment of the diagnostic value of computed tomography and ultrasonography in the evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Material comprises a group of 26 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. There were 18 men and 8 women, aged between 48 and 76 years (mean age 62 years). In each patient computed tomography and ultrasound examinations were performed. Computed tomography is more accurate technique than ultrasonography. In obese patients or in the presence of gas in the bowel the abdominal aorta may be invisible in ultrasonography, but is easily and clearly visualized in CT. Measurements of aneurysm diameters are much more reliable in CT than in ultrasonography. In CT it is possible to imagine and measure the length of the aneurysm in various MPR reconstructions. The bifurcation of the aorta and iliac arteries are well imagined in CT. The coexistent aneurysms of thoracic aorta are easily diagnosed just by performing few additional sections of the thoracic aorta. In properly prepared patients ultrasonography provides good imaging modality in performed screening examination, and in controlling patients with small aneurysm because it is widely accessible and cheap. In preoperative assessment the CT examination is necessary.