Aquatic Botany最新文献_第9页

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the Enemy Release Hypothesis as applied to aquatic plants 应用于水生植物的敌人释放假说的系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103866

Nompumelelo Catherine Baso , Martin Patrick Hill , Angela Bownes , Julie Angela Coetzee

The Enemy Release Hypothesis (ERH) argues that escape from natural enemies allows exotic plants to become invasive in new habitats. This study provides a critical review of this hypothesis in aquatic plant ecosystems using a meta-analytic approach, considering diverse growth forms, multiple performance parameters, and various study methodologies. The key question posed is whether exotic macrophytes in freshwater ecosystems experience decreased enemy pressure compared to native species, and whether this translates to increased performance parameters. We hypothesize that plant growth form influences ERH expression, with the strongest effects in submerged macrophytes, and that ecological complexity obscures enemy release detection in biogeographical and community studies. A search term based on the key question was formulated and yielded 243 studies. Effects from manipulative experiments revealed significant support for the ERH under abiotic stressors such as eutrophication and temperature change, highlighting the dynamic nature of ecological interactions. However, the 53 community level effects showed contrasting findings, suggesting that native species may outperform invasive conspecifics in more stable environments. The evident complexity of ecological factors considered in the studies used here challenges the theoretical expectations of the ERH, demanding further exploration of alternative mechanisms, such as disturbance, biotic resistance, mutualism, and climate suitability.

“敌人释放假说”（ERH）认为，逃离天敌会使外来植物在新的栖息地变得具有侵略性。本研究在水生植物生态系统中使用元分析方法，考虑到不同的生长形式、多种性能参数和不同的研究方法，对这一假设进行了批判性的回顾。提出的关键问题是，淡水生态系统中的外来大型植物是否比本地物种经历更少的敌人压力，以及这是否转化为更高的性能参数。我们假设植物的生长形式影响ERH的表达，其中对沉水植物的影响最大，而生态复杂性使生物地理学和群落研究中的敌人释放检测变得模糊。根据关键问题制定了一个搜索词，并获得了243项研究。操纵实验结果显示，在富营养化和温度变化等非生物胁迫条件下，ERH得到了显著支持，凸显了生态相互作用的动态性。然而，53个群落水平效应显示出截然不同的结果，表明在更稳定的环境中，本地物种可能优于入侵同种物种。研究中所考虑的生态因素的明显复杂性挑战了ERH的理论预期，需要进一步探索其他机制，如干扰、生物抗性、互惠主义和气候适宜性。

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引用次数: 0

Germination of the invasive water primrose Ludwigia grandiflora in Belgium and potential implications for management 入侵水报春花在比利时的发芽及其潜在的管理意义

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103865

Olga C. Delange , Gianmarco Minuti , Iris Stiers

Invasive Alien Aquatic Plants (IAAPs) are recognised as one of the major threats to aquatic biodiversity globally. Because of their high growth rate and ability to form dense mats, these plants strongly impact biodiversity and the conservation status of aquatic ecosystems. In Belgium, the invasive water primroses Ludwigia spp. are listed on the Invasive Alien Species watchlist, and conventional management actions (manual or mechanical removal) have been carried out, but successful control stories are underreported. Although seed production has not been reported for L. grandiflora in Belgium, local managers suspect it has occurred over the last five to ten years. We studied seed germination of 18 populations within Belgium by growing collected seeds in Petri dishes under a 12|12 h light regime and 14|24°C temperature regime in growth chambers. Results showed that 14 L. grandiflora populations produced germinating seeds, with final germination percentages ranging from 4 % to 77 % at the end of the study. Time to reach 50 % of germination ranged from 12 to 27 days. These results stress the need to implement control measures for seed production of L. grandiflora populations in the management schemes, especially considering the fast emergence and the high number of seeds produced for some populations. The potential germination could hinder management actions by increasing follow-up control efforts and its associated costs. It is thus in the best interest to prevent seeds ripening by removing the vegetative biomass early in new infestations, and by managing the potential soil seed bank in already established ones.

外来入侵水生植物（IAAPs）是全球水生生物多样性的主要威胁之一。由于它们的高生长速度和形成密集席地的能力，这些植物强烈影响生物多样性和水生生态系统的保护状况。在比利时，入侵的水报春花（Ludwigia spp.）被列入入侵外来物种观察名单，传统的管理措施（人工或机械清除）已经实施，但成功的控制故事被低估了。虽然在比利时没有报道过桔梗的种子生产，但当地管理人员怀疑在过去的5到10年里发生了这种情况。我们通过在培养皿中培养收集到的种子，研究了比利时境内18个种群的种子发芽情况，培养皿的光照条件为12| / 12 h，生长室内温度为14| / 24°C。结果表明：14 L。研究结束时，大花茅种群的种子萌发率在4 % ~ 77 %之间。发芽率达到50% %的时间为12 ~ 27天。这些结果强调了在管理方案中对大花兰种群的种子产量采取控制措施的必要性，特别是考虑到一些种群的出苗速度快，种子产量高。潜在的萌芽可能会通过增加后续控制努力及其相关成本来阻碍管理行动。因此，防止种子成熟的最佳方法是在新的虫害发生时尽早清除营养生物量，并在已经建立的虫害中管理潜在的土壤种子库。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological consequences of breakwater and revetment structures on the Baltic Sea Coast in Germany 德国波罗的海沿岸防波堤和护岸结构的生态后果

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103864

Daniela Glueck , Nina Feußner , Anne Herbst , Hendrik Schubert

Hard structures, such as breakwaters and revetments, while effective at mitigating coastal erosion, induce significant ecological alterations in terrestrial and aquatic environments. To study these effects, field investigations were performed along the Baltic Sea coast in Thiessow, Germany, highlighting breakwaters, a revetment and comparing them to an unprotected area. For this purpose, floristic mappings were carried out along transects on beach and dune. Algae scratch samples and sediment cores were taken, which were also used for nutrient analyses, each with a replicate number of n = 5. Sediment analysis revealed changes in grain size, sorting, water content, organic matter, and nutrient concentrations in areas influenced by breakwaters and revetments. These differences are less distinct on beach and dune. Finer sediments and increased organic content were observed in shallow waters near the breakwaters, while coarser sediments dominated near revetments. Vegetation surveys showed less dune plant species on the breakwater site and a pronounced shift towards ruderal plant species. Revetments eliminated terrestrial vegetation entirely due to their impermeable structure directly on the beach. The introduction of hard substrate in soft-bottom habitats in the shallow water favours the settlement of macroalgae, whereby there is only a weak zonation with regard to the distribution of species on the structures. Meanwhile, no seagrass meadows were recorded near the breakwater which could indicate supressing effects. These findings underscore the ecological consequences of hard coastal protection and emphasize the importance of integrating ecological considerations into coastal protection strategies to balance shoreline stabilization and preservation of natural habitats.

硬结构，如防波堤和护岸，虽然有效地减轻海岸侵蚀，但会引起陆地和水生环境的重大生态变化。为了研究这些影响，在德国Thiessow的波罗的海沿岸进行了实地调查，突出了防波堤和护岸，并将其与未受保护的地区进行了比较。为此，沿着海滩和沙丘的样带进行了植物区系映射。采集藻类划痕样品和沉积物岩心，也用于营养分析，每个重复数为n = 5。沉积物分析揭示了受防波堤和护坡影响地区的粒度、分选、含水量、有机质和营养物质浓度的变化。这些差异在沙滩和沙丘上不那么明显。防波堤附近浅水沉积物较细，有机质含量增加，而护岸附近沉积物较粗。植被调查显示，防波堤站址沙丘植物种类减少，向野生植物种类明显转变。护岸完全消除了陆地植被，因为它们的不透水结构直接在海滩上。在浅水软底生境中引入硬基质有利于大型藻类的定居，因此在结构上的物种分布方面只有一个微弱的分带。同时，在防波堤附近没有记录到海草草甸，这可能表明抑制作用。这些发现强调了硬海岸保护的生态后果，并强调了将生态考虑纳入海岸保护战略以平衡海岸线稳定和自然栖息地保护的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Non-destructive biomass estimation for eelgrass (Zostera marina): Allometric and percent cover-biomass relationships vary with environmental conditions 大叶藻（Zostera marina）的非破坏性生物量估算：异速生长和覆盖度百分比-生物量关系随环境条件的变化而变化

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103853

Jordan A. Thomson, Benedikte Vercaemer, Melisa C. Wong

Estimating plant biomass reliably over large areas while minimizing impacts on sampled habitats is an important goal in plant ecology. Often, this is accomplished by first using a small number of harvested plants to quantify the relationship between plant biomass and less destructive predictor variables (e.g., height, cover), and then applying this relationship across larger spatial scales. However, the influence of environmental conditions on these relationships is often poorly understood. Here, we assess the impact of environmental variability on two biomass estimation functions for the seagrass Zostera marina in Atlantic Canada: the allometric leaf length-weight relationship and the relationship between percent cover and above-ground biomass (AGBM). First, we determined allometric and cover-AGBM regression relationships at the regional level using data from all sites pooled. We then investigated whether these models could be improved by including a site group covariate based on principal component analysis of site-level environmental data. At the regional level, allometric and cover-biomass models were both strongly significant, although uncertainty was high in the cover-AGBM model. Both models improved markedly when environmental variability (i.e., site group) was included: in warm, shallow conditions, eelgrass leaves were lighter for a given length, and AGBM increased at a slower curvilinear rate with percent cover. This indicates that environmental effects on eelgrass morphological traits not typically included in biomass models (e.g., leaf thickness, rigidity) can be important. Our study suggests that environmental effects on eelgrass biomass models should be considered, particularly when highly accurate estimates with low uncertainty are required.

可靠地估算大面积的植物生物量，同时尽量减少对采样生境的影响是植物生态学的重要目标。通常，这是通过首先使用少量收获的植物来量化植物生物量与破坏性较小的预测变量（如高度、覆盖度）之间的关系，然后在更大的空间尺度上应用这种关系来实现的。然而，环境条件对这些关系的影响往往知之甚少。在此，我们评估了环境变率对加拿大大西洋海草的两个生物量估算函数的影响：异速生长叶长-重关系和盖度百分比与地上生物量（AGBM）的关系。首先，我们利用汇集的所有站点的数据确定了区域水平上异速生长和覆盖- agbm的回归关系。然后，我们研究了这些模型是否可以通过包含基于站点级环境数据主成分分析的站点组协变量来改进。在区域水平上，异速生长模式和盖度-生物量模式均具有显著性，但盖度- agbm模式的不确定性较高。当包括环境变异性（即站点组）时，这两个模型都显着改善：在温暖，浅的条件下，给定长度的大叶藻叶子较轻，AGBM以较慢的曲线速率增加。这表明环境对大叶藻形态特征的影响通常不包括在生物量模型中（例如，叶片厚度，硬度）可能是重要的。我们的研究表明，环境对大叶藻生物量模型的影响应该被考虑在内，特别是当需要高度准确和低不确定性的估计时。

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引用次数: 0

Response of the submerged macrophyte Stuckenia pectinata (L.) Börner to warming in different climate regions: A synchronized oligohaline mesocosm experiment 沉水植物果胶菌（Stuckenia pectinata， L.）的响应Börner对不同气候区域变暖的影响：一个同步的低盐中尺度实验

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103855

Md Masum Billah , Gültekin Yılmaz , Cihelio Alves Amorim , Meltem Kuyumcu , Onat Arıkan , Mustafa Korkmaz , İrem Gamze Arık , Meryem Beklioğlu , Erik Jeppesen , Korhan Özkan

Submerged macrophytes play a crucial role as primary producers and contribute essential ecosystem functions and services, but rising temperatures caused by climate change may alter their functional traits. We aimed to assess the effects of simulated climate warming (4.5 °C) on the functional trait responses of a submerged macrophyte, Stuckenia pectinata (L.) Börner, in a synchronized oligohaline (4 ppt salinity) mesocosm experiment conducted in two different climate regions in Turkey: cold semi-arid Ankara and hot, dry Mediterranean Mersin. The experiment was conducted using eight mesocosms at each site, with four replicates of each ambient temperature and warming treatment. Each mesocosm held 5000 L and was inoculated with natural sediment, plankton, macroinvertebrate and fish communities to represent natural oligohaline lake ecosystem. S. pectinata shoots collected from a single population from a coastal lake in Mersin were also inoculated in all mesocosms in similar abundances. Overall, we observed significant differences in macrophyte functional traits between the two sites with different climates, albeit with less pronounced effects of a 4.5 ºC rise in temperature within each site. Specifically, higher macrophyte percent volume infested (PVI) and canopy height were observed in the warmer Mersin than in the colder Ankara, which we attributed to higher shading by phytoplankton (reflected by water column Chlorophyll a, Chl-a). The biomass ratio (%dry weight (DW)/wet weight (WW)) was notably higher in Ankara, suggesting that the macrophytes in Ankara acquired relatively more resources than those in Mersin. The pronounced differences between the two sites likely reflected not only temperature differences but also cascading ecosystem characteristics (e.g., water column Chl-a, water nutrients) due to climatic differences.

潜水植物作为初级生产者具有重要的生态系统功能和服务，但气候变化引起的温度升高可能改变其功能特征。本研究旨在评估模拟气候变暖（4.5°C）对沉水大型植物pectinata Stuckenia （L.）功能性状响应的影响。Börner，在土耳其两个不同气候区：寒冷半干旱的安卡拉和炎热干燥的地中海梅尔辛进行的同步低盐（4 ppt盐度）中尺度实验中。在每个试验点设置8个中生态系统，每种环境温度和加温处理设置4个重复。每个中生态含有5000 L，接种了天然沉积物、浮游生物、大型无脊椎动物和鱼类群落，代表天然低盐湖泊生态系统。从梅尔辛沿海湖泊的一个单一种群收集的果胶菊芽也接种在所有中生态系统中，丰度相似。总体而言，我们观察到不同气候条件下两个地点的大型植物功能性状存在显著差异，尽管每个地点温度升高4.5ºC的影响不太明显。具体而言，温暖的梅尔辛比寒冷的安卡拉观测到更高的大型植物侵染体积百分比（PVI）和冠层高度，我们将其归因于浮游植物的更高遮阳（通过水体叶绿素a， Chl-a反映）。安卡拉的生物量比（干重/湿重）显著高于梅尔辛，表明安卡拉的大型植物获得的资源相对较多。两个地点之间的显著差异可能不仅反映了温度差异，还反映了气候差异导致的级联生态系统特征（如水柱Chl-a，水营养物）。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes of different strains of Pyropia haitanensis 海地焦蝇不同品系叶绿体基因组的比较分析

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103854

Hongzi Song , Zhicong Gao , Haimin Chen , Shanshan Zhu

Pyropia haitanensis, an economically and nutritionally significant marine crop, is extensively cultivated in China. This study employed genome skimming to assemble and annotate the chloroplast genome sequences of 15 different strains of P. haitanensis and conducted a comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome structure and characteristics. The assembled chloroplast genomes ranged in size from 195,577 to 201,312 base pairs (bp) and contained annotations for 253 (or 254 in some strains) genes associated with photosynthesis, transcription, biosynthesis and other essential processes. The number of simple repeat sequences (SSRs) varied between 28 and 30, with AT as the most abundant two-base repeat sequence. Despite overall conservation in the chloroplast genome structure, we identified eight highly variable regions that can serve as potential molecular markers for distinguishing different strains of P. haitanensis. These regions are eight intergenic spacer regions: petJ-carA, ORF32-ycf35, rbl35-pbsA, ORF68-accB, psbB-psbT, syh-groEL, ORF107-ycf12, rpl32-ORF263. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the 15 strains mainly divide into three subgroups, suggesting a degree of genetic differentiation among them. Overall, this study not only contributed to the understanding of the genetic variation of P. haitanensis, but also offered valuable resources for future research, breeding efforts, and utilization of this economically important marine crop.

海檀焦皮（Pyropia haitanensis）是一种经济和营养意义重大的海洋作物，在中国广泛种植。本研究采用基因组skimming的方法，对15个不同菌株的海地紫檀叶绿体基因组序列进行了组装和注释，并对叶绿体基因组结构和特征进行了比较分析。组装的叶绿体基因组大小在195,577至201,312个碱基对（bp）之间，包含253个与光合作用，转录，生物合成和其他基本过程相关的基因（某些菌株为254个）注释。简单重复序列（SSRs）的数量在28 ~ 30个之间，其中AT是最丰富的双碱基重复序列。尽管叶绿体基因组结构总体上是保守的，但我们发现了8个高度可变的区域，可以作为区分海地紫檀不同菌株的潜在分子标记。这些区域是8个基因间间隔区：petJ-carA、ORF32-ycf35、rbl35-pbsA、ORF68-accB、psbB-psbT、syh-groEL、ORF107-ycf12、rpl32-ORF263。系统发育分析表明，15株菌株主要分为3个亚群，表明它们之间存在一定程度的遗传分化。总体而言，本研究不仅有助于了解海棠的遗传变异，而且为海棠的进一步研究、育种和利用提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Structural and functional dynamics of coralline algal systems under warming scenarios: Insights into vulnerability, and resilience 变暖情景下珊瑚藻系统的结构和功能动态：对脆弱性和恢复力的见解

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103851

Andrea Bautista-García , Patricia M. Valdespino-Castillo , Teresa Pi-Puig , Fabio Favoretto , Martín Merino-Ibarra , Javier A. Ceja-Navarro , Silvia Espinosa-Matías , Javier Tadeo León , Anidia Blanco-Jarvio

Globally, climate change affects reef ecosystems, causing community reconfigurations and ecological impacts. Coralline rhodophyta are one of the reef groups most vulnerable to synergistic warmer temperatures, and ocean acidification. Yet, mineralogic, microstructural, and chemical studies of their thalli are necessary to understand their vulnerability and resilience. Here, we studied mineralogy, microstructure, and chemistry of adjacent coralline rhodophyta systems in La Paz Bay: Neogoniolithon trichotomum-dominated tidal pools, and rhodoliths from a shallow rhodolith bed at San Lorenzo channel. These systems depicted mineral diversity, including different phases of high-magnesium calcites in rhodoliths. The carbonates in N. trichotomum included Mg-calcite, aragonite, ankerite, and Fe-carbonates. Compositional X-ray maps of calcium and magnesium in rhodoliths reproduce very well the concentric growth band-structure. In a complementary way, the bands richest in calcium are the poorest in magnesium, and vice versa. They are most likely related to the high-magnesium phases detected by bulk XRD-Rietveld, as indicated by their similar EPMA-WDS Mg:Ca ratios. Chemical imaging at the microscale revealed iron was distributed in the primary mineral structure, in contrast with detritic elements, such as Al and Si, located in the algal surface (perithallus). Because algal elemental content is sensitive to environmental conditions, La Paz Bay coralline rhodophyta systems emerge as interesting models to monitor high-magnesium carbonate, in a scenario of tropicalization.

在全球范围内，气候变化影响珊瑚礁生态系统，导致群落重新配置和生态影响。珊瑚红藻是最容易受到增温和海洋酸化影响的珊瑚礁群之一。然而，对它们的菌体进行矿物学、微观结构和化学研究对于了解它们的脆弱性和恢复力是必要的。在这里，我们研究了拉巴斯湾邻近的珊瑚红石系统的矿物学、微观结构和化学特征：以新戈onithontrichotomium为主的潮汐池，以及来自圣洛伦佐海峡浅层红石床的红石。这些系统描绘了矿物多样性，包括rhodoliths中不同阶段的高镁方解石。赤眼龙的碳酸盐主要有镁方解石、文石、铁白云石和铁碳酸盐。红石中钙和镁的x射线组成图很好地再现了同心圆生长带结构。以一种互补的方式，钙含量最高的条带是镁含量最低的条带，反之亦然。它们很可能与体XRD-Rietveld检测到的高镁相有关，正如它们相似的EPMA-WDS Mg:Ca比值所表明的那样。微尺度化学成像显示，铁元素主要分布在原生矿物结构中，而铝、硅等碎屑元素主要分布在藻表面（藻周）。由于藻类元素含量对环境条件很敏感，在热带化的情况下，拉巴斯湾珊瑚红藻系统成为监测高碳酸镁的有趣模型。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal trait variation and functional niche overlap of macrophyte growth forms 大型植物生长形态的季节性状变化与功能生态位重叠

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103852

Lindsay Louise Trottier , Ashley Hoblyn , Lars Lønsmann Iversen

Macrophytes provide many ecosystem processes and functions which support freshwater ecosystem services, and the ecological role of a macrophyte is related to its growth form (emergent, free-floating, floating rooted, submerged). Differences between growth forms and the relationships between ecosystem functioning and environmental conditions can be described by functional traits. Seasonal variation in functional trait expression can lead to alterations in ecosystem functioning. As such, when inferring trait-environment relationships, a species’ functional niche should capture this temporal variation. However, it is unknown how functional traits in macrophytes vary seasonally, and the importance of between-growth form variation. Using hypervolume analysis and linear mixed effect modelling, we demonstrate that seasonal trait variation within-growth forms is stronger than between-growth form variation over time. We found that emergent macrophytes have significantly (p < 0.01) higher specific leaf area in June compared to September. Whereas leaf nutrients (total nitrogen and phosphorus), are significantly higher early in the growing season for emergent, floating rooted, and submerged plants (p < 0.05). We show that the large functional niche of submerged macrophytes is shaped by seasonal variation, and that the functional niches of all macrophyte growth forms overlap, suggesting redundancies in the maintenance of ecosystem functions. Together, this study demonstrates the influence of seasonal variation on macrophyte functional traits. Thus, seasonality is relevant to our understanding of aquatic ecosystem functioning and must be considered when determining the ecological role of macrophytes across a season. This study provides rationale for further examinations of between-growth form redundancies in the ecological role of macrophytes.

大型植物提供了许多支持淡水生态系统服务的生态系统过程和功能，其生态作用与其生长形式（突生、自由漂浮、浮根、沉水）有关。生长形式之间的差异以及生态系统功能与环境条件之间的关系可以用功能性状来描述。功能性状表达的季节变化可导致生态系统功能的改变。因此，在推断性状-环境关系时，物种的功能生态位应该捕捉到这种时间变化。然而，目前尚不清楚大型植物的功能性状是如何随季节变化的，以及生长形式之间变化的重要性。利用超体积分析和线性混合效应模型，我们证明了生长形式内部的季节性性状变化强于生长形式之间随时间的变化。结果表明，6月份突发性大型植物比叶面积显著高于9月份（p <； 0.01）。而在生长季早期，浮根植物、浮根植物和淹水植物的叶片养分（总氮和总磷）显著较高（p <； 0.05）。研究表明，淹没植物的大型功能生态位受季节变化的影响，所有大型植物生长形式的功能生态位重叠，表明生态系统功能的维持是冗余的。总之，本研究证明了季节变化对大型植物功能性状的影响。因此，季节性与我们对水生生态系统功能的理解有关，在确定大型植物在一个季节中的生态作用时必须考虑到季节性。该研究为进一步研究大型植物在生态作用中的生长形式冗余提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

No endemic Isoëtes (Isoëtaceae) species in the North Asian Pacific evidenced by genetic and morphological analysis 在北亚太平洋无特有的Isoëtes （Isoëtaceae）种，经遗传和形态分析证实

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103850

Maxim Yu. Grigoryan , Polina A. Volkova , Maria O. Ivanova , Olga A. Mochalova , Maria D. Logacheva , Tatyana V. Neretina , Alexander A. Bobrov

The genus Isoëtes is a unique group of lycophytes that offers valuable insights into plant evolution. However, taxonomic issues and evolutionary pathways within the genus require further study, particularly in North-East Asia, where only representatives of the I. echinospora complex occur. We studied genetic (nuclear DNA LFY2int and IBR3 regions, transcriptomes) and morphological (size and ornamentation of mega- and microspores, velum coverage) variability of Isoëtes populations, focusing on the Russian Far East. We found no clear genetic and morphological differentiation between European and North Asian populations of diploid I. echinospora s.l. (the latter was referred to as I. asiatica), not supporting treatment of I. asiatica as a separate species. The finding of samples with spiny papillate microspores in some North Asian populations of I. echinospora s.l. (neither differentiated by the other morphological characters, nor genetically) is of particular interest. Genetic analysis of the North Asian Pacific tetraploid I. maritima (initially referred to as I. beringensis) revealed its origin from diploid progenitors close to I. echinospora and North American I. bolanderi or I. howellii, as has been shown earlier for North American populations. This finding supports treatment of the North Asian and North American populations of I. maritima as one species, in line with their morphological similarity.

Isoëtes属是一个独特的石松植物群，为植物进化提供了有价值的见解。然而，属内的分类学问题和进化途径需要进一步研究，特别是在东北亚，那里只有棘孢孢子虫复合体的代表。我们研究了Isoëtes种群的遗传变异（核DNA LFY2int和IBR3区域，转录组）和形态变异（大孢子和小孢子的大小和装饰，绒毛盖度），重点研究了俄罗斯远东地区。我们发现二倍体棘孢螨（i.c echinospora s.l.）的欧洲种群和北亚种群（i.c echinospora s.l.）在遗传和形态上没有明显的差异，不支持将棘孢螨作为一个单独的种来处理。在棘球孢子虫（i.e echinospora s.l.）的一些北亚种群（既不以其他形态特征区分，也不以遗传特征区分）中发现带有带刺乳头状小孢子的样本是特别有趣的。对北亚太平洋四倍体I. maritima（最初称为I. beringensis）的遗传分析表明，它起源于与棘孢I. echinospora和北美I. bolanderi或I. howellii接近的二倍体祖先，正如先前在北美种群中所显示的那样。这一发现支持了北亚和北美海苔属作为一个物种的处理，与它们的形态相似性一致。

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引用次数: 0

Neotypification of the Sporolithon mediterraneum Heydrich (Sporolithales, Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) and the status of Sporolithon in the Mediterranean Sea 地中海地中海孢子石的新分型及孢子石在地中海的地位

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2024.103839

Andrea Cabrito , Sara Kaleb , Viviana Peña , Annalisa Falace

A neotype specimen is designated for the coralline alga Sporolithon mediterraneum Heydrich (Sporolithales, Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) and critically examined here, since the original holotype specimen apparently has been destroyed. The neotype specimen was collected in a mesophotic rhodolith bed near Gorgona Island (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean). Additional specimens were collected in a rhodolith bed in the Menorca Channel (Western Mediterranean) and were used to confirm the identification of the neotype. Molecular analyses of psbA and rbcL with all Sporolithon species for which there are currently sequence data, including S. ptychoides and S. molle supported the designation of this neotype and the circumscription of this Mediterranean species. Additional specimens from Menorca Channel were resolved as conspecific based on psbA sequences. The morpho-anatomical data presented indicated that S. mediterraneum can be also distinguished from the type species Sporolithon ptychoides Heydrich and Sporolithon molle (Heydrich) Heydrich, the only two other species previously reported from the Mediterranean Sea, by the occurrence of 5–6 cell paraphyses and larger stalk cells. A consideration of the status of Sporolithon in the Mediterranean region is also discussed.

珊瑚藻Sporolithon mediterraneum Heydrich （Sporolithales, Corallinophycidae, rhodophyia）的新模式标本被指定并在这里进行了严格的检查，因为原来的完整模式标本显然已经被破坏了。该新型标本采集于地中海第勒尼安海戈尔戈纳岛附近的一个中孔罗石层。在梅诺卡海峡（西地中海）的rhodolith床中收集了其他标本，并用于确认新类型的鉴定。对包括S. ptychoides和S. molle在内的所有有序列数据的孢子石物种的psbA和rbcL分子分析支持了该新型的命名和该地中海物种的界定。其他来自Menorca海峡的标本根据psbA序列被解析为同种。形态学解剖数据表明，地中海S. mediterraneum还可以与模式种Sporolithon ptychoides Heydrich和Sporolithon molle (Heydrich) Heydrich（地中海仅有的另外两个物种）区分开来，因为存在5-6个细胞畸形和较大的柄细胞。本文还讨论了地中海地区孢子石的现状。

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引用次数: 0