Pub Date : 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106164
Petrina Barnard , Gina McFarlane , Chris Deter , Carolina Loch , Patrick Mahoney
Objective
Enamel laminations are closely spaced incremental lines that run parallel to Retzius lines or the developing enamel surface. Here, the timing of enamel laminations is calculated for naturally exfoliated deciduous molars (n = 111) from three modern-day populations (Aotearoa New Zealand, Britain and Canada).
Design
Teeth were sectioned using standard histological methods and examined using a high-powered microscope. Mean daily secretion rates (DSR) were calculated for the outer enamel of each molar in cuspal, lateral and cervical enamel regions. These DSRs were used to determine the periodicity of enamel growth across laminations in each region. Lamination periodicity was compared between populations and sexes, and within molars to assess the relationship between lamination periodicity and the angle between laminations and the outer surface.
Results
Laminations were present in 57 % of all molars (n = 63 out of n = 111). Their presence did not vary between populations or by sex. A mean two-day periodicity was observed in cuspal and lateral outer enamel sampling regions. A mean one-day periodicity was observed in the cervical outer enamel. The angle of laminations relative to the outermost surface of the enamel was significantly related to the presence of laminations.
Conclusions
A two-day periodicity for laminations indicates that this incremental marking is not a reliable proxy for a circadian 24-hour rhythm in human deciduous molars. The orientation of laminations was similar to Retzius lines but differed to the orientation of cross-striations.
{"title":"The periodicity of enamel laminations in human deciduous molars","authors":"Petrina Barnard , Gina McFarlane , Chris Deter , Carolina Loch , Patrick Mahoney","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Enamel laminations are closely spaced incremental lines that run parallel to Retzius lines or the developing enamel surface. Here, the timing of enamel laminations is calculated for naturally exfoliated deciduous molars (n = 111) from three modern-day populations (Aotearoa New Zealand, Britain and Canada).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Teeth were sectioned using standard histological methods and examined using a high-powered microscope. Mean daily secretion rates (DSR) were calculated for the outer enamel of each molar in cuspal, lateral and cervical enamel regions. These DSRs were used to determine the periodicity of enamel growth across laminations in each region. Lamination periodicity was compared between populations and sexes, and within molars to assess the relationship between lamination periodicity and the angle between laminations and the outer surface.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Laminations were present in 57 % of all molars (<em>n</em> = 63 out of <em>n</em> = 111). Their presence did not vary between populations or by sex. A mean two-day periodicity was observed in cuspal and lateral outer enamel sampling regions. A mean one-day periodicity was observed in the cervical outer enamel. The angle of laminations relative to the outermost surface of the enamel was significantly related to the presence of laminations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A two-day periodicity for laminations indicates that this incremental marking is not a reliable proxy for a circadian 24-hour rhythm in human deciduous molars. The orientation of laminations was similar to Retzius lines but differed to the orientation of cross-striations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106154
Gang Wang , Qin Yi , Butu Hu , Mengtian Peng , Tiwei Fu , Enyi Huang
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the expression of members of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and to investigate the regulatory effects of BMP9 on MMPs.
Design
The extracted human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs) were identified by flow cytometry, Alizarin Red staining, Oil Red O staining, and alkaline phosphatase staining. The appropriate LPS concentration for inducing inflammation in hSCAPs was determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. MMP expression in LPS-stimulated hSCAPs was evaluated by RT-qPCR. BMP9 was overexpressed in hSCAPs via recombinant adenovirus, and its effects on MMP regulation were assessed using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and ELISA. All experiments were conducted in vitro. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc comparison, with p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results
The results showed that on the 3rd and 5th day after LPS stimulation, the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12, and MMP-13 in hSCAPs was significantly upregulated. On the 7th day after LPS induction, the expression of MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9 and MMP-13 in hSCAPs was significantly increased. When BMP9 was overexpressed in hSCAPs, the elevated MMPs were inhibited to varying degrees.
Conclusions
In the LPS-induced inflammatory environment, certain MMPs are elevated in hSCAP, with MMP-13 being the most significant. Overexpression of BMP9 can significantly inhibit elevated MMPs, suggesting that BMP9 may provide new insights and targets for the treatment of periapical periodontitis.
{"title":"The regulatory role of BMP9 on lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinases in human stem cells from the apical papilla","authors":"Gang Wang , Qin Yi , Butu Hu , Mengtian Peng , Tiwei Fu , Enyi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the expression of members of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and to investigate the regulatory effects of BMP9 on MMPs.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The extracted human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs) were identified by flow cytometry, Alizarin Red staining, Oil Red O staining, and alkaline phosphatase staining. The appropriate LPS concentration for inducing inflammation in hSCAPs was determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. MMP expression in LPS-stimulated hSCAPs was evaluated by RT-qPCR. BMP9 was overexpressed in hSCAPs via recombinant adenovirus, and its effects on MMP regulation were assessed using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and ELISA. All experiments were conducted in vitro. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc comparison, with p < 0.05 considered significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that on the 3rd and 5th day after LPS stimulation, the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12, and MMP-13 in hSCAPs was significantly upregulated. On the 7th day after LPS induction, the expression of MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9 and MMP-13 in hSCAPs was significantly increased. When BMP9 was overexpressed in hSCAPs, the elevated MMPs were inhibited to varying degrees.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the LPS-induced inflammatory environment, certain MMPs are elevated in hSCAP, with MMP-13 being the most significant. Overexpression of BMP9 can significantly inhibit elevated MMPs, suggesting that BMP9 may provide new insights and targets for the treatment of periapical periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106163
Claudia Adriana Abrão Biasuz, Rafael Reimann Baptista
Objective
This study aimed to correlate occlusal marks on posterior teeth and cusp tips, recorded using an analog qualitative method, with digital evaluations of masseter and temporal muscle activity through electromyography indexes, comparing two normalization techniques (cotton and wax) using the standardized Percentage Overlap Coefficient of the Anterior Temporal muscle and Percentage Overlap Coefficient of the Masseter muscle indexes.
Design
This is a comparative cross-sectional observational study. Occlusal contact and electromyography records of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles were detected in 30 individuals with an average age of 34.9 years. During the electromyography examination, two repetitions of normalization were performed, each with maximum voluntary clenches of 5 seconds on cotton and on wax. The average electromyography amplitude was calculated from three repetitions for each material. According to the average obtained for each pair of muscles, the muscle activity index was calculated and correlated to the number of contacts, which were converted into percentages.
Results
Normalization with cotton showed a positive correlation between occlusal contacts and muscle activity (rs = 0.465, p = 0.010). The mean muscle activity index for cotton was 79.4 ± 13.9 for the masseter and 83.3 ± 9.2 for the temporal muscle, with no significant difference between the two muscles (p = 0.195). Normalization with wax showed better intra-subject repeatability with less than 5 % variation (masseter: 4.9 %, temporal: 4.2 %). There was no significant difference in muscle contraction between the different normalization materials (p = 0.902).
Conclusion
Both normalization methods demonstrated a variation of less than 10 %, with wax being considered more comfortable by the participants, indicating occlusal and muscular adaptation to the different methods. The results showed a positive correlation between posterior occlusal contacts and masticatory muscle activity, especially with cotton normalization, suggesting that occlusal contacts significantly influence muscle activity, potentially leading to muscle fatigue or hyperactivity.
{"title":"Correlation between occlusal contacts and masticatory muscle activity: A comparative study of cotton and wax normalization methods showing improved repeatability and comfort","authors":"Claudia Adriana Abrão Biasuz, Rafael Reimann Baptista","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to correlate occlusal marks on posterior teeth and cusp tips, recorded using an analog qualitative method, with digital evaluations of masseter and temporal muscle activity through electromyography indexes, comparing two normalization techniques (cotton and wax) using the standardized Percentage Overlap Coefficient of the Anterior Temporal muscle and Percentage Overlap Coefficient of the Masseter muscle indexes.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This is a comparative cross-sectional observational study. Occlusal contact and electromyography records of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles were detected in 30 individuals with an average age of 34.9 years. During the electromyography examination, two repetitions of normalization were performed, each with maximum voluntary clenches of 5 seconds on cotton and on wax. The average electromyography amplitude was calculated from three repetitions for each material. According to the average obtained for each pair of muscles, the muscle activity index was calculated and correlated to the number of contacts, which were converted into percentages.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Normalization with cotton showed a positive correlation between occlusal contacts and muscle activity (rs = 0.465, p = 0.010). The mean muscle activity index for cotton was 79.4 ± 13.9 for the masseter and 83.3 ± 9.2 for the temporal muscle, with no significant difference between the two muscles (p = 0.195). Normalization with wax showed better intra-subject repeatability with less than 5 % variation (masseter: 4.9 %, temporal: 4.2 %). There was no significant difference in muscle contraction between the different normalization materials (p = 0.902).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both normalization methods demonstrated a variation of less than 10 %, with wax being considered more comfortable by the participants, indicating occlusal and muscular adaptation to the different methods. The results showed a positive correlation between posterior occlusal contacts and masticatory muscle activity, especially with cotton normalization, suggesting that occlusal contacts significantly influence muscle activity, potentially leading to muscle fatigue or hyperactivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106162
Talita de Carvalho Kimura , João Figueira Scarini , Moisés Willian Aparecido Gonçalves , Iara Vieira Ferreira , Erika Said Abu Egal , Albina Altemani , Fernanda Viviane Mariano
Objective
Given the urgent need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), this review aims to explore the intricate interplay between OSCC and alterations in glucose metabolism, with a particular focus on the pivotal role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this context.
Material and methods
Data were extracted from a vast literature survey by using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science search engines with relevant keywords.
Results
In OSCC, miRNAs exert regulatory control over the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism pathways. Dysregulation of specific miRNAs has been implicated in the modulation of key glycolytic enzymes and glucose transporters, intracellular signaling cascades, and interaction with transcription factors, all of which collectively affect glucose uptake and glycolysis, contributing significantly to the observed metabolic alterations in OSCC cells.
Conclusion
A comprehensive understanding of these intricate molecular interactions holds significant promise for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions and refined diagnostic approaches to treat OSCC patients.
{"title":"Interplay between miRNA expression and glucose metabolism in oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Talita de Carvalho Kimura , João Figueira Scarini , Moisés Willian Aparecido Gonçalves , Iara Vieira Ferreira , Erika Said Abu Egal , Albina Altemani , Fernanda Viviane Mariano","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Given the urgent need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), this review aims to explore the intricate interplay between OSCC and alterations in glucose metabolism, with a particular focus on the pivotal role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this context.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Data were extracted from a vast literature survey by using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science search engines with relevant keywords.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In OSCC, miRNAs exert regulatory control over the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism pathways. Dysregulation of specific miRNAs has been implicated in the modulation of key glycolytic enzymes and glucose transporters, intracellular signaling cascades, and interaction with transcription factors, all of which collectively affect glucose uptake and glycolysis, contributing significantly to the observed metabolic alterations in OSCC cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A comprehensive understanding of these intricate molecular interactions holds significant promise for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions and refined diagnostic approaches to treat OSCC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this review, we provide an overview of the composition of the microbiota associated with these two dental pathologies, caries and tartar, highlighting the microbial profiles associated with each pathology.
Design
This literature review was carried out by a manual search of two electronic databases, PubMed and Web of Science (WOS), using specific keywords to the two oral pathologies dental caries and calculus.
Results
The oral microbial community is known for its complexity, and comprises hundreds of species of different micro-organisms. Many of them, under the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors, can play a role in the onset and development of oral pathologies. Analysis of the microbial profiles of caries and dental calculus revealed that Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species are abundant in the oral microbiota associated with caries whereas their presence is less reported in dental calculus. However, the three pathogens known as the "red complex", namely Porphyromonas, Tannarella and Treponema, which are associated with the development of periodontal pathology, are strongly present in the dental calculus microbiome.
Conclusion
The microbiota composition associated with dental caries and calculus highlights specific microbial signatures for each of the two oral pathologies, underscoring their differences and microbiological complexity, while the possible relationship between the formation of dental calculus and the development of caries remains unclear.
目的：在这篇综述中，我们概述了与龋齿和牙垢这两种牙齿病理相关的微生物群组成，重点介绍了与每种病理相关的微生物谱。设计：本文献综述采用人工检索PubMed和Web of Science （WOS）两个电子数据库，对龋齿和牙石两种口腔病理进行特定关键词检索。结果：口腔微生物群落以其复杂性而闻名，包括数百种不同的微生物。它们中的许多在内源性和外源性因素的影响下，可以在口腔病理的发生和发展中发挥作用。对龋齿和牙结石的微生物谱分析表明，变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌在与龋齿相关的口腔微生物群中含量丰富，而在牙结石中却较少报道。然而，被称为“红色复合体”的三种病原体，即卟啉单胞菌、Tannarella和密螺旋体，它们与牙周病理的发展有关，在牙石微生物群中大量存在。结论：与龋齿和牙石相关的微生物群组成突出了两种口腔病理的特定微生物特征，强调了它们的差异和微生物复杂性，而牙石形成与龋齿发展之间的可能关系尚不清楚。
{"title":"The oral microbiota and its relationship to dental calculus and caries","authors":"Fatma Benseddik , Virginie Pilliol , Maryam Tidjani Alou , Reham Magdy Wasfy , Didier Raoult , Grégory Dubourg","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In this review, we provide an overview of the composition of the microbiota associated with these two dental pathologies, caries and tartar, highlighting the microbial profiles associated with each pathology.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This literature review was carried out by a manual search of two electronic databases, PubMed and Web of Science (WOS), using specific keywords to the two oral pathologies dental caries and calculus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The oral microbial community is known for its complexity, and comprises hundreds of species of different micro-organisms. Many of them, under the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors, can play a role in the onset and development of oral pathologies. Analysis of the microbial profiles of caries and dental calculus revealed that <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em> species are abundant in the oral microbiota associated with caries whereas their presence is less reported in dental calculus. However, the three pathogens known as the \"red complex\", namely <em>Porphyromonas</em>, <em>Tannarella</em> and <em>Treponema</em>, which are associated with the development of periodontal pathology, are strongly present in the dental calculus microbiome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The microbiota composition associated with dental caries and calculus highlights specific microbial signatures for each of the two oral pathologies, underscoring their differences and microbiological complexity, while the possible relationship between the formation of dental calculus and the development of caries remains unclear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106160
Ammara Ramzan , Muhammad Usman Rashid , Naila Malkani
Objective
This study aims to identify miRNA-mediated regulation of the cell cycle in oral tongue cancer.
Methods
Comprehensive computational analysis was performed on the GEO dataset “GSE168227”. DIANA Tool-mir path v.3, STRING, Cytoscape 3.6.0, Enrichr, and TargetScan Human 7.2 were utilized to identify and analyze miRNAs and their targets in oral tongue cancer. The identified miRNA and its target genes were further analyzed in oral tongue cancer patients using qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Results
Computational analysis revealed miR-17 as a differentially expressed miRNA in oral tongue cancer. Database analysis indicated potential binding sites of miR-17 for CDKN1A and CCND1 mRNA at 3′-UTR. In oral tongue cancer samples, miR-17, CDKN1A, and CCND1expression were upregulated compared to controls. IHC demonstrated overexpression of p21 and Cyclin D1 across various tumor grades, with predominant cytoplasmic expression of p21 observed in oral tongue cancer samples.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that miR-17 may regulate the G1-S transition of the cell cycle in oral tongue cancer. Further validation and functional studies are warranted to confirm their role as biomarkers.
{"title":"Unlocking the role of miR-17: Driving G1-S cell cycle transition in oral tongue cancer through integrated bioinformatics and laboratory analyses","authors":"Ammara Ramzan , Muhammad Usman Rashid , Naila Malkani","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to identify miRNA-mediated regulation of the cell cycle in oral tongue cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Comprehensive computational analysis was performed on the GEO dataset “GSE168227”. DIANA Tool-mir path v.3, STRING, Cytoscape 3.6.0, Enrichr, and TargetScan Human 7.2 were utilized to identify and analyze miRNAs and their targets in oral tongue cancer. The identified miRNA and its target genes were further analyzed in oral tongue cancer patients using qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Computational analysis revealed miR-17 as a differentially expressed miRNA in oral tongue cancer. Database analysis indicated potential binding sites of miR-17 for <em>CDKN1A</em> and <em>CCND1</em> mRNA at 3′-UTR. In oral tongue cancer samples, miR-17, <em>CDKN1A,</em> and <em>CCND1</em>expression were upregulated compared to controls. IHC demonstrated overexpression of p21 and Cyclin D1 across various tumor grades, with predominant cytoplasmic expression of p21 observed in oral tongue cancer samples.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that miR-17 may regulate the G1-S transition of the cell cycle in oral tongue cancer. Further validation and functional studies are warranted to confirm their role as biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-07DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106150
Kang Yu , Huihuan Luo , Jie Zhao , Yiqun Wu , Dedong Yu
Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the genetic association between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain through two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.
Design
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to emotional disorders (worry, nerves, or depression) were selected from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from UK Biobank consortia, and related these to SNPs from FinnGen consortia. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary effect estimate between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain, and various methods were applied to test the reliability and stability of the results, namely MR-Egger and weighted median.
Results
The Mendelian randomization analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain, including worry group (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 3.86, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.67–8.91), nerves group (IVW OR = 11.20, 95 % CI=2.04–61.64) and depression group (IVW OR = 3.32, 95 % CI=1.24–8.90). MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO global test did not suggest evidence of horizontal or directional pleiotropy. Cochran’s Q test showed that there was no heterogeneity between instrumental variables.
Conclusions
This study provides genetic evidence that strengthens the connection between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain, which has important implications at the causal level as well as throughout the treatment process of TMD-related pain.
{"title":"Genetic evidence strengthens the connection between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Kang Yu , Huihuan Luo , Jie Zhao , Yiqun Wu , Dedong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the genetic association between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain through two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to emotional disorders (worry, nerves, or depression) were selected from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from UK Biobank consortia, and related these to SNPs from FinnGen consortia. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary effect estimate between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain, and various methods were applied to test the reliability and stability of the results, namely MR-Egger and weighted median.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Mendelian randomization analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain, including worry group (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 3.86, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.67–8.91), nerves group (IVW OR = 11.20, 95 % CI=2.04–61.64) and depression group (IVW OR = 3.32, 95 % CI=1.24–8.90). MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO global test did not suggest evidence of horizontal or directional pleiotropy. Cochran’s Q test showed that there was no heterogeneity between instrumental variables.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides genetic evidence that strengthens the connection between emotional disorders and TMD-related pain, which has important implications at the causal level as well as throughout the treatment process of TMD-related pain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This proof-of-concept sequence of in vivo/in vitro studies aimed to unveil the role of acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) engineering with statherin-derived peptide (StN15) on the AEP protein profile, enamel biofilm microbiome in vivo and on enamel demineralization in vitro.
Design
In vivo studies, 10 volunteers, in 2 independent experiments (2 days each), rinsed (10 mL,1 min) with: deionized water (negative control) or 1.88 × 10−5 M StN15. The AEP, formed along 2 h and the biofilm, along 3 h, were collected. AEP was analyzed by quantitative shotgun-label-free proteomics. The enamel biofilm microbiome was evaluated using 16S-rRNA Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). An in vitro model with microcosm biofilm was employed. Bovine enamel samples (n = 72) were treated with 1) Phosphate-Buffer-Solution (PBS), 2) 0.12 %Chlorhexidine, 3) 500ppmNaF; 4) 1.88 × 10−5MStN15; 5) 3.76 × 10−5MStN15 and 6) 7.52 × 10−5MStN15. Biofilm was supplemented with human saliva and McBain saliva and cultivated for 5 days. Resazurin, colony forming units (CFU) and Transversal Microradiography Analysis-(TMR) were performed.
Results
Proteomic results showed several proteins with acid-resistant, calcium-binding, and antimicrobial properties in the StN15 group. The microbiome corroborated these findings, reducing bacteria that are closely related to dental caries in the StN15 group, compared to the PBS. The microcosm biofilm showed that the lowest concentration of StN15 was the most efficient in reducing bacterial activity, CFU and enamel demineralization compared to PBS.
Conclusion
StN15 can effectively alter the AEP proteome to inhibit initial bacterial colonization, thereby mitigating enamel demineralization. Future research should explore clinical applications and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of StN15.
{"title":"Paving the way for the use of Statherin-Derived Peptide (StN15) to control caries through acquired pellicle and biofilm microbiome engineering: Proof-of-concept in vitro/in vivo studies","authors":"Tamara Teodoro Araujo , Ana Luiza Bogaz Debortolli , Thamyris Souza Carvalho , Chelsea Maria Vilas Boas Feitosa Rodrigues , Aline Dionizio , Beatriz Martines de Souza , Mariele Vertuan , Talita Mendes Ventura , Larissa Tercilia Grizzo , Reinaldo Marchetto , Flavio Henrique Silva , Marcos Chiaratti , Angélica Camargo Santos , Lindomar Oliveira Alves , Milene Ferro , Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This proof-of-concept sequence of <em>in vivo</em>/<em>in vitro</em> studies aimed to unveil the role of acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) engineering with statherin-derived peptide (StN15) on the AEP protein profile, enamel biofilm microbiome <em>in vivo</em> and on enamel demineralization in <em>vitro</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div><em>In vivo</em> studies, 10 volunteers, in 2 independent experiments (2 days each), rinsed (10 mL,1 min) with: deionized water (negative control) or 1.88 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M StN15. The AEP, formed along 2 h and the biofilm, along 3 h, were collected. AEP was analyzed by quantitative shotgun-label-free proteomics. The enamel biofilm microbiome was evaluated using 16S-rRNA Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). An <em>in vitro</em> model with microcosm biofilm was employed. Bovine enamel samples (n = 72) were treated with 1) Phosphate-Buffer-Solution (PBS), 2) 0.12 %Chlorhexidine, 3) 500ppmNaF; 4) 1.88 × 10<sup>−5</sup>MStN15; 5) 3.76 × 10<sup>−5</sup>MStN15 and 6) 7.52 × 10<sup>−5</sup>MStN15. Biofilm was supplemented with human saliva and McBain saliva and cultivated for 5 days. Resazurin, colony forming units (CFU) and Transversal Microradiography Analysis-(TMR) were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Proteomic results showed several proteins with acid-resistant, calcium-binding, and antimicrobial properties in the StN15 group. The microbiome corroborated these findings, reducing bacteria that are closely related to dental caries in the StN15 group, compared to the PBS. The microcosm biofilm showed that the lowest concentration of StN15 was the most efficient in reducing bacterial activity, CFU and enamel demineralization compared to PBS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>StN15 can effectively alter the AEP proteome to inhibit initial bacterial colonization, thereby mitigating enamel demineralization. Future research should explore clinical applications and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of StN15.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To evaluate the antimicrobial capacity and cell viability of a final irrigation protocol based on the use of a hydrolases enzymes mixture (HEM) and a hyperosmotic solution (HS) as an alternative to conventional protocols.
Methods
Root canals from 28 human first molars were used to develop multispecies anaerobic biofilms in standard reactors and irrigated with various protocols according to the following groups. Group A: control (sterile saline), group B: 2.25 % NaOCl, group C: 1 % NaOCl, group D: HS, group E: 100 U/mL HEM + 1 % NaOCl, group F: 100 U/mL HEM + HS, or group G: 100 U/mL HEM. The disinfection evaluation per group was carried out by CFU counting and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The viability was determined on fibroblasts.
Results
The F group, which consisted in irrigating with HEM + HS, had a biofilm elimination of over 5.33 (Log reduction), as well as the groups treated with NaOCl with eliminations of up to 5.34 (Log reduction). In addition, the evaluation of viability reflects a biocompatibility of the F group treatment, as opposed to the groups treated with NaOCl.
Conclusions
The irrigation protocols with HEM+HS and HEM+NaOCl turned out to be as efficient as the conventional protocol using NaOCl; moreover, the irrigation protocol with HEM+HS had low cell cytotoxicity in the viability assay when compared to cell cultures exposed to NaOCl.
Clinical significance
It is imperative that new and innovative ways are found for root canal therapy to ensure that the root canal system can be thoroughly cleaned.
{"title":"Effectiveness in root canal disinfection and biocompatibility of a final in vitro irrigation protocol based on cellulases and a hyperosmotic solution","authors":"Selene Velázquez-Moreno , Norma V. Zavala-Alonso , Ricardo Oliva Rodríguez , Roberto Sánchez Sánchez , Carlos Martín Torre Morales , Omar Gonzalez-Ortega , Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the antimicrobial capacity and cell viability of a final irrigation protocol based on the use of a hydrolases enzymes mixture (HEM) and a hyperosmotic solution (HS) as an alternative to conventional protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Root canals from 28 human first molars were used to develop multispecies anaerobic biofilms in standard reactors and irrigated with various protocols according to the following groups. Group A: control (sterile saline), group B: 2.25 % NaOCl, group C: 1 % NaOCl, group D: HS, group E: 100 U/mL HEM + 1 % NaOCl, group F: 100 U/mL HEM + HS, or group G: 100 U/mL HEM. The disinfection evaluation per group was carried out by CFU counting and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The viability was determined on fibroblasts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The F group, which consisted in irrigating with HEM + HS, had a biofilm elimination of over 5.33 (Log reduction), as well as the groups treated with NaOCl with eliminations of up to 5.34 (Log reduction). In addition, the evaluation of viability reflects a biocompatibility of the F group treatment, as opposed to the groups treated with NaOCl.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The irrigation protocols with HEM+HS and HEM+NaOCl turned out to be as efficient as the conventional protocol using NaOCl; moreover, the irrigation protocol with HEM+HS had low cell cytotoxicity in the viability assay when compared to cell cultures exposed to NaOCl.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>It is imperative that new and innovative ways are found for root canal therapy to ensure that the root canal system can be thoroughly cleaned.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106158
Naima Abouseta , Noha Gomaa , Ali Tassi , S. Jeffrey Dixon , Krishna Singh , Sharat C. Pani
Objective
We assessed levels of mRNA encoding two glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoforms (GRα and GRβ) in saliva and examined their relationship with hair cortisol levels and dental caries experience.
Design
Adolescents and young adults were assessed for dental caries experience, and hair cortisol was measured by ELISA. RNA was extracted from whole saliva using TRIzol, followed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of GRα, GRβ, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).
Results
GRβ mRNA was not detectable in most samples, whereas GRα mRNA was observed in all samples. There were significantly lower levels of GRα mRNA in individuals with elevated hair cortisol levels than in those with normal cortisol levels. Levels of GRα mRNA did not differ significantly in individuals with dental caries experience compared to individuals with no caries experience.
Conclusions
We identified and quantified mRNA encoding GRα in saliva. Its levels were inversely associated with hair cortisol (a marker of chronic stress). Although caries experience was associated with hair cortisol levels, there was no significant association between GRα levels and caries experience. Chronic stress has been proposed to be associated with reduced expression of GRα and this association appears to hold for GRα mRNA levels in saliva.
{"title":"Profiling mRNA encoding glucocorticoid receptor α in saliva: Relationship to hair cortisol levels in individuals aged 15–25 years","authors":"Naima Abouseta , Noha Gomaa , Ali Tassi , S. Jeffrey Dixon , Krishna Singh , Sharat C. Pani","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We assessed levels of mRNA encoding two glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoforms (GRα and GRβ) in saliva and examined their relationship with hair cortisol levels and dental caries experience.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Adolescents and young adults were assessed for dental caries experience, and hair cortisol was measured by ELISA. RNA was extracted from whole saliva using TRIzol, followed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of GRα, GRβ, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GRβ mRNA was not detectable in most samples, whereas GRα mRNA was observed in all samples. There were significantly lower levels of GRα mRNA in individuals with elevated hair cortisol levels than in those with normal cortisol levels. Levels of GRα mRNA did not differ significantly in individuals with dental caries experience compared to individuals with no caries experience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified and quantified mRNA encoding GRα in saliva. Its levels were inversely associated with hair cortisol (a marker of chronic stress). Although caries experience was associated with hair cortisol levels, there was no significant association between GRα levels and caries experience. Chronic stress has been proposed to be associated with reduced expression of GRα and this association appears to hold for GRα mRNA levels in saliva.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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