Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8841
O.A. Glotka, V. Ol'shanetskii, S. Byelikov, Y. Fasol
The work aims to establish the relationship between the chemical composition, mechanical properties and dimensional mismatch of crystal lattices of heat-resistant nickel alloys.The results of experimental and calculated data formed based on experimental and taken from open sources results are presented. The XRD method used Bragg-Brentano determined the phase composition, focusing on a RIGAKU MINIFLEX 600 diffractometer (CoKα-radiation). After heat treatment, strength characteristics were determined on cylindrical samples with a working part (diameter 5 mm, length 25 mm). Testing of the alloy for short-term strength was carried out on samples at a temperature of 20C on UME-10TM and GCM-20 tensile machines. Alloy tests for long-term strength were carried out on similar samples at a temperature of 1000C on AIMA-5-2 and ZTZ 3/3 machines by uniaxial stretching under a constant load based on 100 hours.It has been established that with an increase in the value of the mismatch of crystal lattices, the strength of the alloys decreases due to significant internal stresses. It was revealed that for alloys of equiaxed and directional crystallisation, an extremum is observed at a value of 1.5 ... 1.6 K; this is associated with a decrease in the number of elements in the ϒ-solid solution.An essential problem is predicting the structure and properties of heat-resistant alloys without or with a minimum number of experiments. The results of comparative tests of the XDR method and calculated data are analysed.The obtained dependences can be used both for designing new heat-resistant alloys and for improving the compositions of industrial alloys.The value of this work lies in the fact that the dependences of the influence of alloying elements on the mechanical properties and the dimensional mismatch of crystal lattices were obtained, which made it possible to determine the properties without conducting experiments. It has been established that changes in the course of the relationship closely correlate with the processes taking place in the structure of alloys.
{"title":"Influence of alloying systems on the lattice parameters of nickel-based superalloys","authors":"O.A. Glotka, V. Ol'shanetskii, S. Byelikov, Y. Fasol","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8841","url":null,"abstract":"The work aims to establish the relationship between the chemical composition, mechanical properties and dimensional mismatch of crystal lattices of heat-resistant nickel alloys.The results of experimental and calculated data formed based on experimental and taken from open sources results are presented. The XRD method used Bragg-Brentano determined the phase composition, focusing on a RIGAKU MINIFLEX 600 diffractometer (CoKα-radiation). After heat treatment, strength characteristics were determined on cylindrical samples with a working part (diameter 5 mm, length 25 mm). Testing of the alloy for short-term strength was carried out on samples at a temperature of 20C on UME-10TM and GCM-20 tensile machines. Alloy tests for long-term strength were carried out on similar samples at a temperature of 1000C on AIMA-5-2 and ZTZ 3/3 machines by uniaxial stretching under a constant load based on 100 hours.It has been established that with an increase in the value of the mismatch of crystal lattices, the strength of the alloys decreases due to significant internal stresses. It was revealed that for alloys of equiaxed and directional crystallisation, an extremum is observed at a value of 1.5 ... 1.6 K; this is associated with a decrease in the number of elements in the ϒ-solid solution.An essential problem is predicting the structure and properties of heat-resistant alloys without or with a minimum number of experiments. The results of comparative tests of the XDR method and calculated data are analysed.The obtained dependences can be used both for designing new heat-resistant alloys and for improving the compositions of industrial alloys.The value of this work lies in the fact that the dependences of the influence of alloying elements on the mechanical properties and the dimensional mismatch of crystal lattices were obtained, which made it possible to determine the properties without conducting experiments. It has been established that changes in the course of the relationship closely correlate with the processes taking place in the structure of alloys.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8846
K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki, G. Chladek, P. Popielski, M. Kowalczyk, E. Duraj, M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are one of the leading health problems in dentistry. The work aimed to evaluate, using FEM, the influence of the material elastic properties of the flexible obstacle of the tongue trainer on the range of deflection and strength.In prototyping the trainer tongue, the starting point was real models with different extents of the tongue obstacle. moulded from dental wax on a dental stone model. Then versions were tested intraorally for the perception of the space occupied by the tongue. The models were scanned on a 3D scanner, and then a parametric CAD model (NX Siemens) was made on their basis. Finally, in order to take into account, the anatomical aspects, the two extreme ranges of the tongue obstacle, named "Long " and " Short ", were developed. Simulation deflection and material strength tests were made using FEM in the linear range (NX Siemens). Calculations were made for materials with Young's modulus equal to 8 MPa, 80 MPa and 800 MPa. The interaction of the tongue with the force of 5N was assumed. The support was provided by the retention surface on the teeth, with the support of the posterior edge of the obstacle on the palate (palatal variant) or lack of support, i.e., the obstacle freely bending in this area (free variant), was additionally tested. In order to assess the drop or retention of the trainer on the teeth, the second type of simulation was performed with the assumption of horizontal (anteriorly directed) tongue pressure with the force of 10N for the condition of rigid support in the area of the teeth and the periodontal zone from the lingual side. In this variant, a simulation was adopted for a material with a modulus of elasticity E=80 MPa.The stress values of the flexible obstacle of the trainer were obtained, allowing for the selection of potentially valuable materials for the trainer's construction. The results obtained in the simulations indicate the possibility of using ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and its blends. The accumulation of saliva inside the sealed obstacle was found, which indicated the need to look for an area to perforate without losing the load capacity of the obstacle. The structural feasibility of solving the problem of saliva accumulation without a significant change in the load capacity and stiffness of the obstacle was confirmed by simulation.Simplifying the model to a linear range does not allow buckling analysis. In addition, the assumption of a linear material further limits the possibility of analysing materials with softening and plateau characteristics, where the compliance of the structure leads to elastic buckling.The range of deflections and stresses for different stiffness of the elastic element of the trainer was determined in order to select the appropriate material for the medical device (MD). Polyurethanes or silicones provide the range of deflection and strength, but in the case of manufacturing prefabricated trainers thermoformed in the patient's mouth (m
{"title":"FEM simulation of a novel medical device for TMJ therapy","authors":"K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki, G. Chladek, P. Popielski, M. Kowalczyk, E. Duraj, M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8846","url":null,"abstract":"Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are one of the leading health problems in dentistry. The work aimed to evaluate, using FEM, the influence of the material elastic properties of the flexible obstacle of the tongue trainer on the range of deflection and strength.In prototyping the trainer tongue, the starting point was real models with different extents of the tongue obstacle. moulded from dental wax on a dental stone model. Then versions were tested intraorally for the perception of the space occupied by the tongue. The models were scanned on a 3D scanner, and then a parametric CAD model (NX Siemens) was made on their basis. Finally, in order to take into account, the anatomical aspects, the two extreme ranges of the tongue obstacle, named \"Long \" and \" Short \", were developed. Simulation deflection and material strength tests were made using FEM in the linear range (NX Siemens). Calculations were made for materials with Young's modulus equal to 8 MPa, 80 MPa and 800 MPa. The interaction of the tongue with the force of 5N was assumed. The support was provided by the retention surface on the teeth, with the support of the posterior edge of the obstacle on the palate (palatal variant) or lack of support, i.e., the obstacle freely bending in this area (free variant), was additionally tested. In order to assess the drop or retention of the trainer on the teeth, the second type of simulation was performed with the assumption of horizontal (anteriorly directed) tongue pressure with the force of 10N for the condition of rigid support in the area of the teeth and the periodontal zone from the lingual side. In this variant, a simulation was adopted for a material with a modulus of elasticity E=80 MPa.The stress values of the flexible obstacle of the trainer were obtained, allowing for the selection of potentially valuable materials for the trainer's construction. The results obtained in the simulations indicate the possibility of using ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and its blends. The accumulation of saliva inside the sealed obstacle was found, which indicated the need to look for an area to perforate without losing the load capacity of the obstacle. The structural feasibility of solving the problem of saliva accumulation without a significant change in the load capacity and stiffness of the obstacle was confirmed by simulation.Simplifying the model to a linear range does not allow buckling analysis. In addition, the assumption of a linear material further limits the possibility of analysing materials with softening and plateau characteristics, where the compliance of the structure leads to elastic buckling.The range of deflections and stresses for different stiffness of the elastic element of the trainer was determined in order to select the appropriate material for the medical device (MD). Polyurethanes or silicones provide the range of deflection and strength, but in the case of manufacturing prefabricated trainers thermoformed in the patient's mouth (m","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8486
A. Breus, S. Abashin, O. Serdiuk, Iu. Sysoiev
The application of arc discharge to synthesising encapsulated (Fe-Cu-Al)@C structures is studied. The cost-effectiveness of the proposed technique may be beneficial for developing a new method for large-scale production of metal micro- and nanoparticles protected from oxidation by a carbon shell.A copper sample was immersed into a mixture of graphite, iron, and aluminium powder and placed into a negatively powered crucible of a setup designed to ignite arc discharge at atmospheric conditions. The proposed approach prevents the oxidation of droplets of Fe-Cu-Al alloy by covering them with a thin layer of carbon, which is also engaged as a collector of the metal particles.The application of arc discharge resulted in the generation of metal particles and various carbon nanostructures, which were confirmed by SEM images. The nanostructures were grouped into more complex flower-, ball-, tree-, and octopus-shaped structures with a large yield of metallic alloy particles ranging from a few μm (micrometers) to nanometre sizes. These findings suggest the catalytic application of the structures after the grown particles are cleared from the carbon shell to be implemented as active chemical agents.The main limitation is the uncontrolled heat transfer from the discharge volume. Therefore, an additional screen should be installed around the volume in order to improve control over synthesis in future studies.This research confirms a flexible and simple method of synthesising metallic alloy particles that may be applied for catalytic applications.The synthesis is conducted using a well-known arc discharge technique to expand the production yield and diversity of chemically-active metal particles protected from oxidation by a shell before the intended application.
{"title":"Synthesis of metallic alloy particles on flat graphitic interfaces in arc discharge","authors":"A. Breus, S. Abashin, O. Serdiuk, Iu. Sysoiev","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8486","url":null,"abstract":"The application of arc discharge to synthesising encapsulated (Fe-Cu-Al)@C structures is studied. The cost-effectiveness of the proposed technique may be beneficial for developing a new method for large-scale production of metal micro- and nanoparticles protected from oxidation by a carbon shell.A copper sample was immersed into a mixture of graphite, iron, and aluminium powder and placed into a negatively powered crucible of a setup designed to ignite arc discharge at atmospheric conditions. The proposed approach prevents the oxidation of droplets of Fe-Cu-Al alloy by covering them with a thin layer of carbon, which is also engaged as a collector of the metal particles.The application of arc discharge resulted in the generation of metal particles and various carbon nanostructures, which were confirmed by SEM images. The nanostructures were grouped into more complex flower-, ball-, tree-, and octopus-shaped structures with a large yield of metallic alloy particles ranging from a few μm (micrometers) to nanometre sizes. These findings suggest the catalytic application of the structures after the grown particles are cleared from the carbon shell to be implemented as active chemical agents.The main limitation is the uncontrolled heat transfer from the discharge volume. Therefore, an additional screen should be installed around the volume in order to improve control over synthesis in future studies.This research confirms a flexible and simple method of synthesising metallic alloy particles that may be applied for catalytic applications.The synthesis is conducted using a well-known arc discharge technique to expand the production yield and diversity of chemically-active metal particles protected from oxidation by a shell before the intended application.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45201408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8488
K. El Abbaoui, I. Al Korachi, M. T. Mollah, J. Spangenberg
Analysis of different path planning strategies and the effects of changing printhead direction in the geometrical conformity and the process precision around 90 corner in order to enable a simple and cost-effective way of facilitating the determination of an optimal printing mode for fast and accurate print corners in 3D concrete printing.The material flow is characterized by a viscoplastic Bingham fluid. The printhead moves according to a prescribed speed to print the trajectory. The model solves the Navier-Stokes equations and uses the volume of fluid (VOF) technique. The acceleration steps and jerk (j) carry out the direction change. A smoothing factor is provided to smooth the toolpath. Several simulations were performed by varying the smoothing factor and jerk.Overfilling at the sharp corner was found when the printhead velocity was kept constant while extruding mortar at a fixed extrusion velocity; however, proportional extrusion velocity with the printhead motion has improved the quality of the corner. Otherwise, a slight improvement in the corner shape related to applying a jerk was found.The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model could take an important amount of computing time to solve the problem; however, it serves as an efficient tool for accelerating different costly and time-consuming path planning processes for 3D concrete printing. Smaller angles and tilted printhead positions should be numerically and experimentally investigated in future research.The developed CFD model is suited for executing parametric studies in parallel to determine the appropriate printing motion strategy for each trajectory with corners.Computational Fluid Dynamics investigation of the path planning strategy for printing trajectory with a right-angle corner in 3D concrete printing.
{"title":"Numerical modelling of planned corner deposition in 3D concrete printing","authors":"K. El Abbaoui, I. Al Korachi, M. T. Mollah, J. Spangenberg","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8488","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of different path planning strategies and the effects of changing printhead direction in the geometrical conformity and the process precision around 90 corner in order to enable a simple and cost-effective way of facilitating the determination of an optimal printing mode for fast and accurate print corners in 3D concrete printing.The material flow is characterized by a viscoplastic Bingham fluid. The printhead moves according to a prescribed speed to print the trajectory. The model solves the Navier-Stokes equations and uses the volume of fluid (VOF) technique. The acceleration steps and jerk (j) carry out the direction change. A smoothing factor is provided to smooth the toolpath. Several simulations were performed by varying the smoothing factor and jerk.Overfilling at the sharp corner was found when the printhead velocity was kept constant while extruding mortar at a fixed extrusion velocity; however, proportional extrusion velocity with the printhead motion has improved the quality of the corner. Otherwise, a slight improvement in the corner shape related to applying a jerk was found.The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model could take an important amount of computing time to solve the problem; however, it serves as an efficient tool for accelerating different costly and time-consuming path planning processes for 3D concrete printing. Smaller angles and tilted printhead positions should be numerically and experimentally investigated in future research.The developed CFD model is suited for executing parametric studies in parallel to determine the appropriate printing motion strategy for each trajectory with corners.Computational Fluid Dynamics investigation of the path planning strategy for printing trajectory with a right-angle corner in 3D concrete printing.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43061418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8507
J. Sujana, N. J. Vignesh, N. Hynes, D. Jebaraj, R. Sankaranarayanan, J. S. Kumar
Drill less dentistry is painless, riskless, soundless and heatless and is very suitable for dental-related concerns where children are the most affected fraternity. Removing enamel from the teeth at the affected region by conventional drilling mechanism is challenging. The processed region is filled using amalgam or other sources for the occupation. The proceedings are a painful experience for the patients due to heat generation while drilling, which also induces vibrations and related noises. There are higher possibilities for tissue damage and disturbances in the unaffected regions. Air-abrasion-based drill-less dentistry handles such problems in a novel way and provides a comparatively pleasant treatment experience to patients.The enamel removal rate influences the drill-less dentistry as it empowers to predict the quantum of material that can be abraded while executing the process. The mathematical expression of the enamel removal rate has been estimated based on the basic laws of physics and assumptions.The current work exhibits mathematical modelling to predict the enamel removal. The expression also reveals that the velocity, density and mass flow rate of abrasive particles has a crucial role in deciding the rate of enamel removal from the tooth. The present mathematical expression provides beneficial inputs to the research fraternity in the dental field.The current mathematical expression has arrived through basic laws of physics and assumptions. The enamel removal rate is estimated using an analytical model, and the current mathematical expression can be improvised through fine-tuning fine. The present preliminary studies could be helpful in developing an accurate predictive model in future.The present research supports drill-less dentistry and provides a mathematical solution in terms of derived formulations in predicting the enamel removal rate, as enamel removal rate plays an essential role in drill-less dentistry.The mathematical expression facilitates the problem handling more practically and efficiently. The mathematical expression is helpful in studying and deciding the processing conditions such as stream velocity, particle density and mass flow rate on effective enamel removal rate from the tooth structure.
{"title":"Estimation of enamel removal rate in micro-abrasion based drill-less dentistry","authors":"J. Sujana, N. J. Vignesh, N. Hynes, D. Jebaraj, R. Sankaranarayanan, J. S. Kumar","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8507","url":null,"abstract":"Drill less dentistry is painless, riskless, soundless and heatless and is very suitable for dental-related concerns where children are the most affected fraternity. Removing enamel from the teeth at the affected region by conventional drilling mechanism is challenging. The processed region is filled using amalgam or other sources for the occupation. The proceedings are a painful experience for the patients due to heat generation while drilling, which also induces vibrations and related noises. There are higher possibilities for tissue damage and disturbances in the unaffected regions. Air-abrasion-based drill-less dentistry handles such problems in a novel way and provides a comparatively pleasant treatment experience to patients.The enamel removal rate influences the drill-less dentistry as it empowers to predict the quantum of material that can be abraded while executing the process. The mathematical expression of the enamel removal rate has been estimated based on the basic laws of physics and assumptions.The current work exhibits mathematical modelling to predict the enamel removal. The expression also reveals that the velocity, density and mass flow rate of abrasive particles has a crucial role in deciding the rate of enamel removal from the tooth. The present mathematical expression provides beneficial inputs to the research fraternity in the dental field.The current mathematical expression has arrived through basic laws of physics and assumptions. The enamel removal rate is estimated using an analytical model, and the current mathematical expression can be improvised through fine-tuning fine. The present preliminary studies could be helpful in developing an accurate predictive model in future.The present research supports drill-less dentistry and provides a mathematical solution in terms of derived formulations in predicting the enamel removal rate, as enamel removal rate plays an essential role in drill-less dentistry.The mathematical expression facilitates the problem handling more practically and efficiently. The mathematical expression is helpful in studying and deciding the processing conditions such as stream velocity, particle density and mass flow rate on effective enamel removal rate from the tooth structure.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42287431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8487
B. Kozub, K. Pławecka, B. Figiela, K. Korniejenko
The work’s primary goal is to assess the influence of the cotton fibres addition and their proportion on the strength properties and thermal conductivity of foamed geopolymer composites based on fly ash.Fly ash from a thermal power plant was used as the foundation material to create the geopolymer composites in this study. Volcanic silica was used as an additional source of silicon. As an additive, the recycled cotton flock was used in amounts of 0.5%, 1% and 2% by weight of dry ingredients. The density, compressive, and three-point bending strength of the created geopolymers were measured. Moreover, the thermal conductivity measurements for three temperature ranges: 0–20C, 20–40C, and 30–50C for all investigated geopolymers were conducted. The structure of tested materials was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).It was demonstrated within the context of the study that the addition of cotton fibres to foamed fly ash-based geopolymers aids in slightly reducing their density. Cotton fibres can be used to boost the strength of the examined geopolymers; for samples with 1% cotton fibres added, compressive strength rose by around 22% and flexural strength by about 67%. Additionally, it is feasible to lower their thermal conductivity coefficient by incorporating cotton fibres into foamed fly ash-based geopolymers.The results obtained highlight the potential of fly ash-based geopolymer composites with the addition of cotton flocks for application as insulating materials in the building industry.The novelty of this work is the demonstration of the possibility of producing foamed geopolymers based on fly ash with the addition of recycled cotton fibres, with properties that make them suitable for use as building insulation materials.
{"title":"Geopolymer fly ash composites modified with cotton fibre","authors":"B. Kozub, K. Pławecka, B. Figiela, K. Korniejenko","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8487","url":null,"abstract":"The work’s primary goal is to assess the influence of the cotton fibres addition and their proportion on the strength properties and thermal conductivity of foamed geopolymer composites based on fly ash.Fly ash from a thermal power plant was used as the foundation material to create the geopolymer composites in this study. Volcanic silica was used as an additional source of silicon. As an additive, the recycled cotton flock was used in amounts of 0.5%, 1% and 2% by weight of dry ingredients. The density, compressive, and three-point bending strength of the created geopolymers were measured. Moreover, the thermal conductivity measurements for three temperature ranges: 0–20C, 20–40C, and 30–50C for all investigated geopolymers were conducted. The structure of tested materials was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).It was demonstrated within the context of the study that the addition of cotton fibres to foamed fly ash-based geopolymers aids in slightly reducing their density. Cotton fibres can be used to boost the strength of the examined geopolymers; for samples with 1% cotton fibres added, compressive strength rose by around 22% and flexural strength by about 67%. Additionally, it is feasible to lower their thermal conductivity coefficient by incorporating cotton fibres into foamed fly ash-based geopolymers.The results obtained highlight the potential of fly ash-based geopolymer composites with the addition of cotton flocks for application as insulating materials in the building industry.The novelty of this work is the demonstration of the possibility of producing foamed geopolymers based on fly ash with the addition of recycled cotton fibres, with properties that make them suitable for use as building insulation materials.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42036516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.7477
M. Poddar, S. Khurana, S. Bose, R. Nayak
The present work aimed to synthesize organic and inorganic quantum dots (QDs) and discuss their bioconjugation strategies.We have prepared 3 different QDs, organic (Carbon [CQDs]) and inorganic (Cadmium Sulphide [CdS] and Zinc Mercury Selenide [ZnHgSe]) quantum dots (QDs) and bioconjugation through in-situ and ex-situ route. These QDs have been characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra. Their surface functional groups have been identified through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The bioconjugated quantum dots were tested through PL emission shift, Agarose electrophoresis, and Bradford assay technique.Successful synthesized QDs, and their bioconjugation has been confirmed through the previously listed characterization techniques. There are distinct differences in their emission peak, FTIR spectroscopy, and Bradford assay, which confirms their successful bioconjugation.These bioconjugated QDs are difficult to filter from their unconjugated counterpart. Bioconjugation steps are extremely crucial.These QDs could be utilized for highly effective biolabelling and bioimaging in-vivo as well as in-vitro applications.The synthesis has been majorly modified, and the bioconjugation has been prepared in a novel method. There is limited reported work with this much description of the differences in conjugated and unconjugated QDs.
{"title":"Versatile semiconductor quantum dots: synthesis, bioconjugation strategies and application","authors":"M. Poddar, S. Khurana, S. Bose, R. Nayak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.7477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7477","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aimed to synthesize organic and inorganic quantum dots (QDs) and discuss their bioconjugation strategies.We have prepared 3 different QDs, organic (Carbon [CQDs]) and inorganic (Cadmium Sulphide [CdS] and Zinc Mercury Selenide [ZnHgSe]) quantum dots (QDs) and bioconjugation through in-situ and ex-situ route. These QDs have been characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra. Their surface functional groups have been identified through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The bioconjugated quantum dots were tested through PL emission shift, Agarose electrophoresis, and Bradford assay technique.Successful synthesized QDs, and their bioconjugation has been confirmed through the previously listed characterization techniques. There are distinct differences in their emission peak, FTIR spectroscopy, and Bradford assay, which confirms their successful bioconjugation.These bioconjugated QDs are difficult to filter from their unconjugated counterpart. Bioconjugation steps are extremely crucial.These QDs could be utilized for highly effective biolabelling and bioimaging in-vivo as well as in-vitro applications.The synthesis has been majorly modified, and the bioconjugation has been prepared in a novel method. There is limited reported work with this much description of the differences in conjugated and unconjugated QDs.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48191571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.7498
A.R. Shelin, S. Meenakshi
The science that involves nano-sized particles have been shown to have a huge impact on a variety of research fields, such as electronics, medicine, engineering, robotics and technology. The involvement of biological agents in nanoscience helped in the origin of bionanotechnology, which is deeply rooted in therapeutic and medical applications. This review provides an initiative to understand the combination of biological molecules and nanoparticles in delivering a great impression in the world of therapeutics.Conjugation of nanoparticles with the biological molecules makes them more friendly for the living system by increasing biocompatibility and reducing toxicity.Growing research in this area has revealed the identification and characterization of numerous biological agents of nano-sized that can serve as better carrier systems. They are exploited in the development of advanced nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery systems. In general, either the combined form or the one in the derived form of nanoparticles from different biological organisms provides a valuable understanding of their specifications and importance in different therapeutic aspects.The combined form of biological molecules and nanoparticles is not yet well understood, and this might provide a baseline for prospects.This review provides an understanding of biologically synthesized and conjugated nanoparticles and their potential as therapeutic norms and highlights their applications, especially in the clinical field.
{"title":"Bionanomaterials an emerging field of nanotechnology","authors":"A.R. Shelin, S. Meenakshi","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.7498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7498","url":null,"abstract":"The science that involves nano-sized particles have been shown to have a huge impact on a variety of research fields, such as electronics, medicine, engineering, robotics and technology. The involvement of biological agents in nanoscience helped in the origin of bionanotechnology, which is deeply rooted in therapeutic and medical applications. This review provides an initiative to understand the combination of biological molecules and nanoparticles in delivering a great impression in the world of therapeutics.Conjugation of nanoparticles with the biological molecules makes them more friendly for the living system by increasing biocompatibility and reducing toxicity.Growing research in this area has revealed the identification and characterization of numerous biological agents of nano-sized that can serve as better carrier systems. They are exploited in the development of advanced nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery systems. In general, either the combined form or the one in the derived form of nanoparticles from different biological organisms provides a valuable understanding of their specifications and importance in different therapeutic aspects.The combined form of biological molecules and nanoparticles is not yet well understood, and this might provide a baseline for prospects.This review provides an understanding of biologically synthesized and conjugated nanoparticles and their potential as therapeutic norms and highlights their applications, especially in the clinical field.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46521709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.7476
W. Stachurski, J. Sawicki, P. Zgórniak, E. Wołowiec-Korecka
Pulsed low-pressure carburizing (LPC) and omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) are innovative methods for quenching the surface layer. The thermo-chemical treatment carried out by this method reduces quenching geometric deformations, with detailed numerical values not available in the literature due to the short existence of this method.Sixteen toothed elements of EN 20MnCr5 steel were subjected to pulsed low-pressure carburising with omnidirectional jet quenching in 4 groups, varying the process temperature (920C, 960C) and in two groups performing a tempering treatment. The elements were tested before machining by measuring their internal hole diameters, radial runout, roundness and cylindricity. These values were tested again after treatment. The direction of change and the statistical significance of the effect of treatment and its parameters, temperature and tempering were analysed.Thermo-chemical treatment significantly affects geometric changes in diameters, roundness, cylindricity and radial runout compared to elements without heat treatment due to physical transformations occurring during this treatment (p<0.05). Changing the process temperature in the value range of 920C-960C affects the hole diameter (makes it smaller) (p<0.05), but does not affect radial runout, cylindricity and roundness. The observed dimensional changes in diameters have numerically small values (<0.005 mm). The tempering treatment can affect the values of average diameters. Its effect on roundness, cylindricity and radial runout was not observed.In the temperature range studied, the method of pulsed low-pressure carburising + omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching makes it possible to raise the temperature of the process and shorten its duration without significant geometric changes in the treated elements.The method of pulsed low-pressure carburising and omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) ensures the maintenance of reproducible quenching deformations at a level significantly lower than conventional processing methods.The method of pulsed low-pressure carburising together with omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) is a method that has been used briefly in the industry, and there are few reports on it to date.
{"title":"Impact of single-piece flow thermo-chemical treatment process conditions on hole quenching deformation","authors":"W. Stachurski, J. Sawicki, P. Zgórniak, E. Wołowiec-Korecka","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.7476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7476","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsed low-pressure carburizing (LPC) and omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) are innovative methods for quenching the surface layer. The thermo-chemical treatment carried out by this method reduces quenching geometric deformations, with detailed numerical values not available in the literature due to the short existence of this method.Sixteen toothed elements of EN 20MnCr5 steel were subjected to pulsed low-pressure carburising with omnidirectional jet quenching in 4 groups, varying the process temperature (920C, 960C) and in two groups performing a tempering treatment. The elements were tested before machining by measuring their internal hole diameters, radial runout, roundness and cylindricity. These values were tested again after treatment. The direction of change and the statistical significance of the effect of treatment and its parameters, temperature and tempering were analysed.Thermo-chemical treatment significantly affects geometric changes in diameters, roundness, cylindricity and radial runout compared to elements without heat treatment due to physical transformations occurring during this treatment (p<0.05). Changing the process temperature in the value range of 920C-960C affects the hole diameter (makes it smaller) (p<0.05), but does not affect radial runout, cylindricity and roundness. The observed dimensional changes in diameters have numerically small values (<0.005 mm). The tempering treatment can affect the values of average diameters. Its effect on roundness, cylindricity and radial runout was not observed.In the temperature range studied, the method of pulsed low-pressure carburising + omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching makes it possible to raise the temperature of the process and shorten its duration without significant geometric changes in the treated elements.The method of pulsed low-pressure carburising and omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) ensures the maintenance of reproducible quenching deformations at a level significantly lower than conventional processing methods.The method of pulsed low-pressure carburising together with omnidirectional high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) is a method that has been used briefly in the industry, and there are few reports on it to date.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42419807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.7475
A. Kucharczyk, L. Adamczyk, K. Miecznikowski
This paper presents an analysis of the structure and physicochemical properties of coatings based on an organofunctional silane (VTMS), a conductive polymer (PEDOT), and a surfactant (polyoxyethylene glycol monolauryl ether BRIJ).The coatings were deposited on X20Cr13 stainless steel and glassy carbon specimens using sol-gel immersion. The obtained coatings were characterised in terms of topography, microstructure, roughness, adhesion to the steel substrate, thickness, and corrosion resistance. Corrosion tests were conducted in sulfate environments with pH = 2 without or with the addition of Cl- ions.The use of different surfactant concentrations in the modifying solution is intended to improve the deposition efficiency and increase the degree of dispersion of silane and conducting polymer.The tested coatings were found to slow down the corrosion of the steel substrate, thus effectively protecting it from this phenomenon. The use of a surfactant compound is intended to increase the degree of dispersion of silane and polymer in the modifying solution to improve deposition efficiency.Test carried out in corrosive media have shown that the coatings proposed in the above work, based on VTMS silane, PEDOT polymer and BRIJ surfactant, significantly increase the corrosion resistance of the tested materials, which confirms their effectiveness and possibility of application in various industries.The novelty of this paper is the use of silane (VTMS), polymer (PEDOT) and surfactant (BRIJ) as components of the anticorrosion coating.
{"title":"Effect of surfactant concentration in modifying solution on corrosion properties of the coatings based on vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)","authors":"A. Kucharczyk, L. Adamczyk, K. Miecznikowski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.7475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7475","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis of the structure and physicochemical properties of coatings based on an organofunctional silane (VTMS), a conductive polymer (PEDOT), and a surfactant (polyoxyethylene glycol monolauryl ether BRIJ).The coatings were deposited on X20Cr13 stainless steel and glassy carbon specimens using sol-gel immersion. The obtained coatings were characterised in terms of topography, microstructure, roughness, adhesion to the steel substrate, thickness, and corrosion resistance. Corrosion tests were conducted in sulfate environments with pH = 2 without or with the addition of Cl- ions.The use of different surfactant concentrations in the modifying solution is intended to improve the deposition efficiency and increase the degree of dispersion of silane and conducting polymer.The tested coatings were found to slow down the corrosion of the steel substrate, thus effectively protecting it from this phenomenon. The use of a surfactant compound is intended to increase the degree of dispersion of silane and polymer in the modifying solution to improve deposition efficiency.Test carried out in corrosive media have shown that the coatings proposed in the above work, based on VTMS silane, PEDOT polymer and BRIJ surfactant, significantly increase the corrosion resistance of the tested materials, which confirms their effectiveness and possibility of application in various industries.The novelty of this paper is the use of silane (VTMS), polymer (PEDOT) and surfactant (BRIJ) as components of the anticorrosion coating.","PeriodicalId":8297,"journal":{"name":"Archives of materials science and engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42467438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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