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Evaluation the Toxicity of Heavy Metal Mixtures in Anecic Earthworms (Aporrectodea giardi) 重金属混合物对沙蚯蚓的毒性评价。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01034-w
Hadia Benhalima, Hana Sbartai, Ibtissem Sbartai

Using earthworms as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in soils is a relevant tool for environmental risk monitoring. This study examines the combined effects of four distinct concentrations mixtures (M1, M2, M3 and M4) containing Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn on Aporrectodea giardi earthworms after 12 and 24 days (12 D/24 D) of exposure via the monitoring of certain biomarkers of stress including total protein content, glutathione (GSH), metallothionein (MT), catalase and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. The results show a decrease in the total protein level for the M3 mixture after 24 D, whereas it increases for all other treatments regardless of exposure time. Glutathione and metallothionine levels increased for M2 and M3 and decreased for M1 and M4 after 12 D; they increased after 24 D for all the mixtures. Regarding enzyme activities, catalase activity was decreased for all the treatments unless for M3 (P > 0.05). However, LOX increased for M1, M2 and M4 except for M3 after 12 D, when inhibition of this biomarker was observed. LOX activity was inhibited for all the mixtures at the end of the treatment. All the mixtures generated oxidative stress in Aporrectodea giardi, which is minimized by increasing MT levels to remove the metal ions and triggering the antioxidant system, composed primarily of GSH and LOX to restore cellular homeostasis. These findings suggest that the species Aporrectodea giardi could be an excellent candidate for ecotoxicological risk assessment of soils contaminated by metal mixtures and it can be used in bioremediation for its fitness which allows it to tolerate high concentrations of metal mixtures.

利用蚯蚓作为土壤重金属污染的生物指标是环境风险监测的重要手段。本研究通过监测包括总蛋白含量、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、金属硫蛋白(MT)、过氧化氢酶和脂氧合酶(LOX)活性在内的胁迫生物标志物,研究了四种不同浓度(M1、M2、M3和M4)含Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Fe和Mn的混合物(M1、M2、M3和M4)在暴露12和24天后(12 D/24 D)对贾第弓形蚓的综合影响。结果表明,24 D后,M3混合物的总蛋白水平下降,而与暴露时间无关的所有其他处理的总蛋白水平均升高。12d后M2和M3的谷胱甘肽和金属硫氨酸水平升高,M1和M4下降;24 D后,所有混合物均呈上升趋势。酶活性方面,除M3处理外,其余处理过氧化氢酶活性均降低(P < 0.05)。然而,12 D后,除M3外,M1、M2和M4的LOX均有所增加。在处理结束时,所有混合物的LOX活性均被抑制。所有这些混合物都会在贾氏环齿藻中产生氧化应激,通过增加MT水平来去除金属离子并触发主要由GSH和LOX组成的抗氧化系统来恢复细胞稳态,从而将氧化应激降至最低。这些结果表明,贾第弓形虫可能是金属混合物污染土壤生态毒理学风险评估的理想候选者,其适应性使其能够耐受高浓度的金属混合物,可用于生物修复。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastics Distribution in Sediments Collected from Myanmar 缅甸沉积物中微塑料的分布。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01042-w
Thant Zin Tun, Ei Ei Mon, Haruhiko Nakata

Microplastics (MPs) distributions have been increasingly reported in the terrestrial areas worldwide, but little information is available for ASEAN regions. In this study, 68 sediment samples of drainage channels, lakes, rivers and beaches from Myanmar were collected between 2014 and 2018, and analyzed to investigate the status of MPs concentration and prevalence. The high concentrations of MPs in sediments were found in urban cities called Yangon (13,855 pieces/kg dry weight), Mandalay (11,946 pieces/kg), and Pathein (12,583 pieces/kg), which were two orders of magnitude greater than the MPs concentrations in sediments collected in rural towns called Wundwin. These results suggested that the difference in high population densities and high municipal solid waste generation rates are related to the MPs contamination in sediments. Polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate with fragments, lines/fibers and films/sheets were major polymers and shape in the sediment samples analyzed from Myanmar. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the distribution of MPs in sediments from Myanmar.

全球陆地地区的微塑料分布报告越来越多,但东盟地区的信息很少。在这项研究中,在2014年至2018年间,从缅甸的排水沟、湖泊、河流和海滩采集了68份沉积物样本,并对其进行了分析,以调查MPs的浓度和流行状况。在仰光(13855件/公斤干重)、曼德勒(11946件/公斤)和帕坦(12583件/公斤。这些结果表明,高人口密度和高城市固体废物产生率的差异与沉积物中的MPs污染有关。在缅甸分析的沉积物样品中,聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯及其碎片、线条/纤维和薄膜/片材是主要的聚合物和形状。据我们所知,这是首次报道缅甸沉积物中MPs分布的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Food Web Structures and Mercury Exposure Pathway to Fish in Minamata Bay 水俣湾鱼类的食物网结构和汞暴露途径。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01040-y
Kenji Yoshino, Katsumasa Yamada, Gen Kanaya, Tomohiro Komorita, Kai Okamoto, Masaatsu Tanaka, Yuya Tada, Yasuhisa Henmi, Megumi Yamamoto

We analyzed total mercury content (THg) and carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope ratios in fish, subtidal macrobenthos, and particulate organic matter (POM) as a proxy for pelagic phytoplankton and attached microalgae as a proxy for microphytobenthos to investigate the mercury exposure pathway in fish. For four seasons, samples of the above-mentioned organisms were collected on five occasions (July and October 2018 and January, April, and July 2019) in Minamata Bay. Isotope analysis showed that Minamata Bay food web structures were almost entirely fueled by microphytobenthos. The THg values of the fish and macrobenthos species were positively correlated with their δ13C. This indicates that their diets, which were highly fueled by microphytobenthos, led to high THg bioaccumulation in both macrobenthos and fish. The feeding habits of fishes differ depending on the species, and they prey on organisms of many taxa, including fish (mainly Japanese anchovy), crabs, shrimp, copepods, annelids, and algae. Fish species that preyed on benthic crustaceans had high THg. These results suggest that the main pathway of Hg bioaccumulation in fish from Minamata Bay is the benthic food chain, which is primarily linked to benthic crustaceans fueled by microphytobenthos.

我们分析了鱼类、潮下大型底栖生物和颗粒有机物(POM)中的总汞含量(THg)、碳(δ13C)和氮(δ15N)稳定同位素比率,其中POM是浮游浮游植物的代表,附着微藻是微底栖生物的代表,以研究鱼类中的汞暴露途径。在四个季节中,在水俣湾五次采集了上述生物的样本(2018年7月和10月以及2019年1月、4月和7月)。同位素分析表明,水俣湾的食物网结构几乎完全由微型底栖生物提供燃料。鱼类和大型底栖动物的THg值与其δ13C呈正相关。这表明,它们的饮食以微小底栖生物为燃料,导致THg在大型底栖动物和鱼类中的生物累积性很高。鱼类的食性因物种而异,它们捕食许多类群的生物,包括鱼类(主要是日本凤尾鱼)、螃蟹、虾、桡足类、环节动物和藻类。捕食底栖甲壳类动物的鱼类具有较高的THg。这些结果表明,水俣湾鱼类体内汞生物累积的主要途径是海底食物链,该食物链主要与以微小底栖生物为燃料的海底甲壳类动物有关。
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引用次数: 0
Current Status of Antifouling Biocides Contamination in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan 日本濑户内海防污杀菌剂污染现状。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01036-8
Hiroya Harino, Madoka Ohji, Kumiko Kono, Toshimitsu Onduka, Takashi Hano, Kazuhiko Mochida

A monitoring survey of antifouling biocides was conducted in the Harima Nada Sea and Osaka Bay of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan to assess contamination by organotin (OT) compounds and alternative biocides. The concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) compounds in surface water ranged from 1.0 to 2.8 ng/L, and the detected TBT concentrations in the bottom water layer were higher than those in the surface water. The concentrations of TBT compounds in sediment samples ranged from 2.0 to 28 ng/g dry weight (dw), respectively. The concentrations of alternative biocides in the water and sediment were lower than those before the banning of TBT by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Although triphenyltin (TPT) compounds were not detected in water samples, TPT compounds were detected in the range of < 0.1–2700 ng/g dw in sediment samples. Their concentrations in the water samples were as follows: diuron, < 1–53 ng/L; Sea-Nine 211, < 1–1.8 ng/L; Irgarol 1051, < 1–4.0 ng/L; dichlofluanid, < 1–343 ng/L; and chlorothalonil, < 1–1 ng/L, and the ranges of these alternative compounds in sediment samples were diuron, 32–488 ng/g dw; Sea-Nine 211, 47–591 ng/g dw; Irgarol, 33–128 ng/g dw; dichlofluanid, 67–8038 ng/g dw; and chlorothalonil, 31–2975 ng/g dw. Thus, the OTs and alternative biocides have still been detected in water and sediment samples from closed sea areas.

在日本濑户内海的Harima Nada海和大阪湾进行了防污杀生物剂监测调查,以评估有机锡(OT)化合物和替代杀生物剂的污染。地表水中三丁基锡(TBT)化合物的浓度在1.0至2.8纳克/升之间,底层水层中检测到的TBT浓度高于地表水中检测到的浓度。沉积物样品中TBT化合物的浓度范围分别为2.0至28纳克/克干重(dw)。水和沉积物中替代杀生物剂的浓度低于国际海事组织(IMO)禁止TBT之前的浓度。尽管在水样中未检测到三苯基锡(TPT)化合物,但在
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引用次数: 0
Dietary Uptake of Highly Hydrophobic Chemicals by Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) 虹鳟对高疏水性化学物质的日粮吸收。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01038-6
Lawrence P. Burkhard, Tylor J. Lahren, Kaila B. Hanson, Alex J. Kasparek, David R. Mount

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was exposed through the diet to a mixture of non-ionic organic chemicals for 28 d, followed by a depuration phase, in accordance with OECD method 305. The mixture included hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 2,2′,5,5′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-52), 2,2′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153), decachlorobiphenyl (PCB-209), decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), perchloro-p-terphenyl (p-TCP), perchloro-m-terphenyl (m-TCP), and perchloro-p-quaterphenyl (p-QTCP), the latter six of which are considered highly hydrophobic based on n-octanol/water partition coefficients (KOW) greater than 108. All chemicals had first-order uptake and elimination kinetics except p-QTCP, whose kinetics could not be verified due to limitations of analytical detection in the elimination phase. For HCB and PCBs, the growth-corrected elimination rates (k2g), assimilation efficiencies (α), and biomagnification factors (BMFL) corrected for lipid content compared well with literature values. For the highly hydrophobic chemicals, elimination rates were faster than the rates for HCB and PCBs, and α’s and BMFLs were much lower than those of HCB and PCBs, i.e., ranging from 0.019 to 2.8%, and from 0.000051 to 0.023 (g-lipid/g-lipid), respectively. As a result, the highly hydrophobic organic chemicals were found be much less bioavailable and bioaccumulative than HCB and PCBs. Based on the current laboratory dietary exposures, none of the highly hydrophobic substances would be expected to biomagnify, but Trophic Magnification Factors (TMFs) > 1 have been reported from field studies for TBPH and DBDPE. Additional research is needed to understand and reconcile the apparent inconsistencies in these two lines of evidence for bioaccumulation assessment.

根据OECD方法305,虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)通过饮食暴露于非离子有机化学物质的混合物中28天,然后是净化阶段。混合物包括六氯苯(HCB)、2,2',5,5'-四氯联苯(PCB-52,基于大于108的正辛醇/水分配系数(KOW),后六种被认为是高度疏水的。除p-QTCP外,所有化学物质都具有一级吸收和消除动力学,由于消除阶段分析检测的局限性,p-QTCP的动力学无法验证。对于六氯代苯和多氯联苯,校正脂质含量的生长校正消除率(k2g)、同化效率(α)和生物放大因子(BMFL)与文献值比较良好。对于高疏水性化学物质,清除率比六氯代苯和多氯联苯的清除率快,α和BMFL远低于六氯代苯或多氯联苯,即分别为0.019至2.8%和0.000051至0.023(g-脂质/g-脂质)。因此,发现高疏水性有机化学品的生物利用率和生物累积性远低于六氯代苯和多氯联苯。根据目前实验室饮食暴露情况,预计没有一种高疏水性物质会生物放大,但营养放大因子(TMFs) > 1已经从TBPH和DBDPE的现场研究中报道。需要更多的研究来理解和调和这两条生物累积性评估证据中的明显不一致之处。
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引用次数: 0
Seasonal Disparities of Human Health Risk and Particle-Bound Metal Characteristics Associated with Atmospheric Particles in a Fishery Harbor 人类健康风险的季节差异和渔港大气颗粒物的颗粒结合金属特征。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01037-7
Cheng-Yun Tsai, Yen-Ping Peng, Chia-Hua Lin, Ku-Fan Chen, Chia-Hsiang Lai, Pin-Hao Qiu

The effects of atmospheric pollution from ship emissions have been considered for several harbors worldwide. The health risk assessment and source apportionment of particle-bound metals in a fishery harbor were investigated in this study. The most abundant metal elements in particulate matter (PM) on all sampling days in three seasons were Fe (280.94 ± 136.93 ng/m3), Al (116.40 ± 71.25 ng/m3), and Zn (110.55 ± 26.70 ng/m3). The ratios of V/Ni were 1.44 ± 0.31, 1.48 ± 0.09 and 1.87 ± 0.06 in PM10, PM2.5, and PM1, respectively. Meanwhile, the ratios higher than 1 indicated that fuel oil combustion from ship emission in fishery harbor. The highest deposits of total particle-bound metals in the human respiratory tract were in the head airway (HA), accounting for 76.77 ± 2.29% of the total particle-bound metal concentration, followed by 5.32 ± 0.13% and 2.53 ± 0.15% in the alveolar region (AR) and tracheobronchial (TB) region, respectively. The total cancer risk (CR) of inhalation exposure to local residents exceeded 10−6. Mean total CR values followed the sequence: autumn (1.24 × 10−4) > winter (8.53 × 10−5) > spring (2.77 × 10−6). Source apportionment of related metal emissions was mobile pollution emissions (vehicle/boat) (37.10–48.92%), metal fumes of arc welding exhaust (19.68–34.42%), spray-painting process (12.34–16.24%), combustion emissions (6.32–13.12%), and metal machining processes (9.04–16.31%) in Singda fishing harbor. These results suggest that proper control of heavy metals from each potential source in fishing harbor areas should be carried out to reduce the carcinogenic risk of adverse health effects.

世界各地的几个港口都考虑了船舶排放对大气污染的影响。本研究调查了某渔港颗粒结合金属的健康风险评估和来源解析。在三个季节的所有采样日,颗粒物中金属元素含量最高的是Fe(280.94 ± 136.93 ng/m3),铝(116.40 ± 71.25 ng/m3)和Zn(110.55 ± 26.70 ng/m3)。V/Ni的比值为1.44 ± 0.31、1.48 ± 0.09和1.87 ± PM10、PM2.5和PM1分别为0.06。同时,高于1的比值表明渔业港口船舶排放的燃油燃烧。人类呼吸道中颗粒结合金属总沉积量最高的是头部气道(HA),占76.77 ± 2.29%的总颗粒结合金属浓度,其次是5.32 ± 0.13%和2.53 ± 肺泡区(AR)和气管支气管区(TB)分别为0.15%。当地居民吸入暴露的癌症总风险(CR)超过10-6。平均总CR值遵循以下顺序:秋季(1.24 × 10-4) > 冬季(8.53 × 10-5) > 弹簧(2.77 × 10-6)。相关金属排放的来源分配为Singda渔港的移动污染排放(车辆/船只)(37.10-48.92%)、弧焊废气的金属烟雾(19.68-34.42%)、喷漆工艺(12.34-16.24%)、燃烧排放(6.32-13.12%)和金属加工工艺(9.04-16.31%)。这些结果表明,应该对渔港地区每种潜在来源的重金属进行适当的控制,以降低对健康产生不利影响的致癌风险。
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引用次数: 0
Statistical Post-Processing Method for Evaluating Bioaccumulation in Fish Due to Dietary Exposure in Japan 日本用于评估因饮食暴露导致的鱼类生物累积的统计后处理方法。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01035-9
Yoshiyuki Inoue, Yuka Koga, Ryoko Takeshige, Hidekazu Murakami, Takumi Takamura

In 2018, the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline No. 305 was introduced into Japan’s Chemical Substances Control Law. The Japanese government has adopted a single definitive testing criterion for the absence of high bioaccumulation: the growth-corrected kinetic dietary magnification factor (BMFKg) must be less than 0.007. The aim of this study was to decrease regulatory restrictions in order to increase newly developed chemical substances and their subsequent approval of their manufacture and import, i.e., the present study was motivated by concerns over the criterion being too restrictive, rather than scientific concerns, such as uncertainty in criterion. We used statistical post-processing to assess the possibility of expanding the criteria for not being highly bioaccumulative. Based on our results, we proposed the criterion that the test substance should be considered not highly bioaccumulative if the following two conditions are met: (1) The ratio of the maximum to the minimum measured 5% lipid-standardized biomagnification factor at the end of the uptake phase (BMF5%, n = 5) for the test substance and reference substance should be less than 3.0, and (2) For the measured BMF5% of the test substance (n = 5), the probability that the next (the sixth) BMF5% is below 0.0334 should exceed 95% based on statistical post-processing. It is worth noting that the BMF5% values should only be applied for non-ionizable lipid soluble compounds. Application of our suggested approach to Japan implies that the criterion for chemical substances that are not highly bioaccumulative in the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test would be increased from 0.007 to 0.0149.

2018年,经济合作与发展组织第305号测试指南的膳食暴露生物累积鱼类测试被引入日本《化学物质管制法》。日本政府对不存在高生物累积性采用了一个明确的测试标准:生长校正的动态膳食放大因子(BMFKg)必须小于0.007。本研究的目的是减少监管限制,以增加新开发的化学物质及其随后对其生产和进口的批准,即本研究的动机是担心该标准过于严格,而不是科学问题,例如标准的不确定性。我们使用统计后处理来评估扩大不具有高度生物累积性标准的可能性。根据我们的研究结果,我们提出了一个标准,即如果满足以下两个条件,则应认为受试物质不具有高度生物累积性:(1)在摄取阶段结束时测得的5%脂质标准化生物放大因子的最大值与最小值之比(BMF5%,n = 5) 对于试验物质和对照物质,应小于3.0,以及(2)对于测量的BMF5%试验物质(n = 5) ,基于统计后处理,下一个(第六个)BMF5%低于0.0334的概率应超过95%。值得注意的是,BMF5%值应仅适用于不可离子化的脂溶性化合物。将我们建议的方法应用于日本意味着,在饮食暴露-生物累积鱼类试验中,不具有高度生物累积性的化学物质的标准将从0.007提高到0.0149。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the Influence of Organic Carbon, Aging Time and Temperature on Bioaccessibility of Bifenthrin 评估有机碳、老化时间和温度对联苯菊酯生物可及性的影响。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01039-5
Mia Arkles, Federico Sinche, Michael J. Lydy

Tenax extraction, a measure of chemical desorption rates from sediments, was used to evaluate the bioaccessibility of bifenthrin in two different sediments exposed to three temperatures aged over a 56-d holding period. A 24-h single-point Tenax extraction was used and parent 14C-bifenthrin and polar metabolites were quantified in the sediment and Tenax. Bioaccessibility of bifenthrin was inversely related to the organic carbon (OC) content in the sediment, holding time, and temperature. Sequestration of the bifenthrin into slowly desorbing fractions within the sediment appears to have decreased degradation of the parent compound into metabolites and decreased the amount of parent compound bioaccessible for uptake by the Tenax. These results suggest that the environmental risk of bifenthrin to aquatic species is greatest immediately after the pesticide enters a waterbody after runoff, for low-OC content sediments, and in areas or seasons where water temperatures are colder.

Tenax提取是一种测量沉积物化学解吸率的方法,用于评估联苯菊酯在两种不同沉积物中的生物可及性,这两种沉积物暴露在三种温度下,陈化时间超过56d。使用24小时单点Tenax提取,并对沉积物和Tenax中的母体14C-联苯菊酯和极性代谢物进行定量。联苯菊酯的生物可及性与沉积物中有机碳含量、保温时间和温度呈负相关。在沉积物中,将联苯菊酯封闭到缓慢解吸的组分中,似乎减少了母体化合物向代谢物的降解,并减少了Tenax可生物吸收的母体化合物的量。这些结果表明,对于低有机碳含量的沉积物,以及在水温较低的地区或季节,农药在径流后进入水体后,联苯菊酯对水生物种的环境风险最大。
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引用次数: 0
Selenite Adsorption and Reduction via Iron(II) Impregnated Activated Carbon Produced from the Phosphoric Acid Activation of Construction Waste Wood 建筑废弃木材磷酸活化制备的浸铁活性炭对亚硒酸盐的吸附和还原。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01032-y
Oliver K. L. Strong, Hamant E. France, Kevin Scotland, Kelly Wright, Andrew J. Vreugdenhil

Chemical activation of waste materials, to form activated carbon, (AC) is complicated by the large amounts of chemical activating agents required and wastewater produced. To address these problems, we have developed an optimized process for producing AC, by phosphoric acid activation of construction waste. Waste wood from construction sites was ground and treated with an optimized phosphoric acid digestion and activation that resulted in high surface areas (> 2000 m2/g) and a greater recovery of phosphoric acid. Subsequently the phosphoric acid activated carbon (PAC), was functionalized with iron salts and evaluated for its efficacy on the adsorption of selenite and selenate. Total phosphoric acid recovery was 96.7% for waste wood activated with 25% phosphoric acid at a 1:1 ratio, which is a substantially higher phosphoric acid recovery, than previous literature findings. Post activation impregnation of iron salts resulted in iron(II) species adsorbed to the PAC surface. The iron(II) chloride impregnated AC removed up to 11.41 ± 0.502 mg selenium per g Iron-PAC. Competitive ions such as sulfate and nitrate had little effect on selenium adsorption, however, phosphate concentration did negatively impact the selenium uptake at high phosphate levels. At 250 ppm, approximately 75% of adsorption capacity of both the selenate and the selenite solutions was lost, although selenium was still preferentially adsorbed. Peak adsorption occurred between a pH of 4 and 11, with a complete loss of adsorption at a pH of 13.

废物的化学活化形成活性炭(AC)由于需要大量的化学活化剂和产生的废水而变得复杂。为了解决这些问题,我们开发了一种通过磷酸活化建筑垃圾来生产AC的优化工艺。对建筑工地的废木材进行研磨,并用优化的磷酸消化和活化处理,产生高表面积(> 2000m2/g)和更大的磷酸回收率。随后,用铁盐对磷酸活性炭(PAC)进行功能化,并评估其对亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐的吸附效果。用25%磷酸以1:1的比例活化的废木材的总磷酸回收率为96.7%,这是比以前的文献发现高得多的磷酸回收率。铁盐的活化后浸渍导致铁(II)物种吸附到PAC表面。氯化铁(II)浸渍AC每克铁PAC可去除高达11.41±0.502 mg硒。硫酸盐和硝酸盐等竞争离子对硒的吸附影响不大,但在高磷酸盐水平下,磷酸盐浓度对硒的吸收产生了负面影响。在250ppm时,硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐溶液的吸附容量都损失了约75%,尽管硒仍然被优先吸附。峰值吸附发生在pH为4和11之间,在pH为13时吸附完全丧失。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging and Legacy Pollutants in Vietnam Related to the Climate–Water–Energy–Food Nexus 越南新出现的和遗留的污染物与气候、水、能源和粮食的关系。
IF 4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01030-0
Duc Huy Dang, Margaret C. Graham, Quang Khai Ha
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引用次数: 0
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Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
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