We observed the $A^1Sigma^+sim b^3Pito a^3Sigma^+/X^1Sigma^+$ laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of the RbCs molecule excited from the ground $X^1Sigma^+$ state by the Ti:Sapphire laser. The LIF radiation from the common perturbed levels of the singlet-triplet $Asim b$ complex was recorded by the Fourier-transform (FT) spectrometer with the instrumental resolution of 0.03~cm$^{-1}$. The relative intensity distribution in the rotationally resolved $Asim bto a^3Sigma^+(v_a)/X^1Sigma^+(v_X)$ progressions was measured, and their branching ratio was found to be about of 1$÷$5$ times$10$^{-4}$ in the bound region of the $a^3Sigma^+$ and $X^1Sigma^+$ states. The experiment was complemented with the scalar and full relativistic calculations of the $A/b - X/a$ transition dipole moments (TDMs) as functions of internuclear distance. The relative systematic error in the resulting emph{ab initio} TDM functions evaluated for the strong $A - X$ transition was estimated as few percent in the energy region, where the experimental LIF intensities are relevant. The relative spectral sensitivity of the FT registration system, operated with the InGaAs diode detector and CaF beam-splitter, was calibrated in the range $[6~500,12~000]$~cm$^{-1}$ by a comparison of experimental intensities in the long $Asim bto X(v_X)$ LIF progressions of the K$_2$ and KCs molecules with their theoretical counterparts evaluated using the emph{ab initio} $A - X$ TDMs. Both experimental and theoretical transition probabilities can be employed to improve the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage process, $ato Asim b to X$, which is exploited for a laser assembling of ultracold RbCs molecules.
我们观察了Ti:Sapphire激光从$X^1Sigma^+$基态激发的红细胞分子的$A^1Sigma^+sim b^3Pito a^3Sigma^+/X^1Sigma^+$激光诱导荧光(LIF)光谱。用仪器分辨率为0.03 cm $^{-1}$的傅立叶变换(FT)光谱仪记录了单三重态$Asim b$配合物的常见摄动能级的LIF辐射。测量了旋转分解$Asim bto a^3Sigma^+(v_a)/X^1Sigma^+(v_X)$级数的相对强度分布，发现在$a^3Sigma^+$和$X^1Sigma^+$状态的边界区域，它们的分支比约为1 $÷$ 5 $ times$ 10 $^{-4}$。实验补充了标量和全相对论计算$A/b - X/a$跃迁偶极矩(tdm)作为核间距离的函数。在与实验LIF强度相关的能量区，对强$A - X$跃迁进行评估的emph{从头}算TDM函数的相对系统误差估计为几个百分点。使用InGaAs二极管检测器和CaF分束器操作的FT配准系统的相对光谱灵敏度在$[6~500,12~000]$ cm $^{-1}$范围内进行校准，通过将K $_2$和KCs分子的长$Asim bto X(v_X)$ LIF级数的实验强度与使用emph{从头算}$A - X$ tdm评估的理论对应强度进行比较。实验和理论跃迁概率都可以用来改善受激拉曼绝热通过过程$ato Asim b to X$，该过程用于激光组装超冷红细胞分子。
{"title":"Data for: The branching ratio of intercombination $A^1Sigma^+sim b^3Pito a^3Sigma^+/X^1Sigma^+$ transitions in the RbCs molecule: measurements and calculations","authors":"R. Ferber, A. Stolyarov","doi":"10.17632/M256T3PV3R.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17632/M256T3PV3R.1","url":null,"abstract":"We observed the $A^1Sigma^+sim b^3Pito a^3Sigma^+/X^1Sigma^+$ laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of the RbCs molecule excited from the ground $X^1Sigma^+$ state by the Ti:Sapphire laser. The LIF radiation from the common perturbed levels of the singlet-triplet $Asim b$ complex was recorded by the Fourier-transform (FT) spectrometer with the instrumental resolution of 0.03~cm$^{-1}$. The relative intensity distribution in the rotationally resolved $Asim bto a^3Sigma^+(v_a)/X^1Sigma^+(v_X)$ progressions was measured, and their branching ratio was found to be about of 1$÷$5$ times$10$^{-4}$ in the bound region of the $a^3Sigma^+$ and $X^1Sigma^+$ states. The experiment was complemented with the scalar and full relativistic calculations of the $A/b - X/a$ transition dipole moments (TDMs) as functions of internuclear distance. The relative systematic error in the resulting emph{ab initio} TDM functions evaluated for the strong $A - X$ transition was estimated as few percent in the energy region, where the experimental LIF intensities are relevant. The relative spectral sensitivity of the FT registration system, operated with the InGaAs diode detector and CaF beam-splitter, was calibrated in the range $[6~500,12~000]$~cm$^{-1}$ by a comparison of experimental intensities in the long $Asim bto X(v_X)$ LIF progressions of the K$_2$ and KCs molecules with their theoretical counterparts evaluated using the emph{ab initio} $A - X$ TDMs. Both experimental and theoretical transition probabilities can be employed to improve the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage process, $ato Asim b to X$, which is exploited for a laser assembling of ultracold RbCs molecules.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80831677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-03DOI: 10.1103/physreva.102.043108
A. Hadjipittas, H. Banks, B. Bergues, A. Emmanouilidou
We investigate the interaction of Xe with isolated attosecond XUV pulses. Specifically, we calculate the ion yields and determine the pathways leading to the formation of ionic charged states up to Xe$^{5+}$. To do so, in our formulation we account for single-photon absorption, sequential multi-photon absorption, direct two-photon absorption, single and double Auger decays, and shake-off. We compare our results for the ion yields and for ion yield ratios with recent experimental results obtained for 93 eV and 115 eV attosecond XUV pulses. In particular, we investigate the role that a sequence of two single-photon ionization processes plays in the formation of Xe$^{4+}$. We find that each one of these two processes ionizes a core electron and thus leads to the formation of a double core-hole state. Remarkably, we find that the formation of Xe$^{5+}$ involves a direct two-photon absorption process and the absorption of a total of three photons.
{"title":"Sequential single-photon and direct two-photon absorption processes for Xe interacting with attosecond XUV pulses","authors":"A. Hadjipittas, H. Banks, B. Bergues, A. Emmanouilidou","doi":"10.1103/physreva.102.043108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.043108","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the interaction of Xe with isolated attosecond XUV pulses. Specifically, we calculate the ion yields and determine the pathways leading to the formation of ionic charged states up to Xe$^{5+}$. To do so, in our formulation we account for single-photon absorption, sequential multi-photon absorption, direct two-photon absorption, single and double Auger decays, and shake-off. We compare our results for the ion yields and for ion yield ratios with recent experimental results obtained for 93 eV and 115 eV attosecond XUV pulses. In particular, we investigate the role that a sequence of two single-photon ionization processes plays in the formation of Xe$^{4+}$. We find that each one of these two processes ionizes a core electron and thus leads to the formation of a double core-hole state. Remarkably, we find that the formation of Xe$^{5+}$ involves a direct two-photon absorption process and the absorption of a total of three photons.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82580471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-27DOI: 10.1103/physreva.102.052816
M. Lesiuk, M. Przybytek, B. Jeziorski
We report theoretical determination of the dipole polarizability of the neon atom, including its frequency dependence. Corrections for the relativistic, quantum electrodynamics, finite nuclear mass, and finite nuclear size effects are taken into account. We obtain the value $alpha_0=2.66080(36)$ for the static polarizability, and $alpha_2=2.850(7)$ and $alpha_4=4.932(14)$ for the first two polarizability dispersion coefficients (Cauchy moments); all values are in atomic units (a.u.). In the case of static polarizability, our result agrees with the best experimental determination [C. Gaiser and B. Fellmuth, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 123203 (2018)], but our estimated uncertainty is significantly larger. For the dispersion coefficients, the results obtained in this work appear to be the most accurate to date overall compared to published theoretical and experimental data. We also calculated the static magnetic susceptibility of the neon atom, needed to obtain the refractive index of gaseous neon. Our result, $chi_0 = -8.484(19) cdot 10^{-5}$ a.u., is about 9% larger in absolute value than the recommended experimental value [CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, 2019, p. 4-145].
我们报告了氖原子偶极极化率的理论测定，包括其频率依赖性。考虑了相对论、量子电动力学、有限核质量和有限核尺寸效应的修正。静态极化率为$alpha_0=2.66080(36)$，前两个极化率色散系数(柯西矩)为$alpha_2=2.850(7)$和$alpha_4=4.932(14)$;所有值都以原子单位(a.u)表示。在静态极化率的情况下，我们的结果与最佳实验测定结果一致[C]。盖瑟和B.费莫斯，物理学家。Rev. Lett. 120, 123203(2018)]，但我们估计的不确定性要大得多。对于色散系数，与已发表的理论和实验数据相比，这项工作获得的结果似乎是迄今为止最准确的。我们还计算了氖原子的静态磁化率，得到了气态氖的折射率。我们的结果，$chi_0 = -8.484(19) cdot 10^{-5}$ a.u，大约是9% larger in absolute value than the recommended experimental value [CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, 2019, p. 4-145].
{"title":"Theoretical determination of polarizability and magnetic susceptibility of neon","authors":"M. Lesiuk, M. Przybytek, B. Jeziorski","doi":"10.1103/physreva.102.052816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.052816","url":null,"abstract":"We report theoretical determination of the dipole polarizability of the neon atom, including its frequency dependence. Corrections for the relativistic, quantum electrodynamics, finite nuclear mass, and finite nuclear size effects are taken into account. We obtain the value $alpha_0=2.66080(36)$ for the static polarizability, and $alpha_2=2.850(7)$ and $alpha_4=4.932(14)$ for the first two polarizability dispersion coefficients (Cauchy moments); all values are in atomic units (a.u.). In the case of static polarizability, our result agrees with the best experimental determination [C. Gaiser and B. Fellmuth, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 123203 (2018)], but our estimated uncertainty is significantly larger. For the dispersion coefficients, the results obtained in this work appear to be the most accurate to date overall compared to published theoretical and experimental data. We also calculated the static magnetic susceptibility of the neon atom, needed to obtain the refractive index of gaseous neon. Our result, $chi_0 = -8.484(19) cdot 10^{-5}$ a.u., is about 9% larger in absolute value than the recommended experimental value [CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, 2019, p. 4-145].","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77359741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a new technique for generating magnetic resonance with synchronous modulation of two-photon resonant light fields. Magnetic resonances in fluorescence from a sodium cell are measured to demonstrate suitability of this technique for remote magnetometry. A strong magnetic resonance with its dip corresponding to the Larmor frequency is produced in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. An additional resonance at 3{Omega_L} is observed, which can be used to determine the magnetic field orientation. We have developed a theoretical model based on the density matrix equations to verify our experimental observations. An average magnetic field sensitivity of 41 mathbf{pT}/sqrt{mathbf{Hz}} is measured using light duty cycles ranging from 35% to 10%. We have discussed possible changes that can be made to improve the sensitivity of this scheme further.
{"title":"Magnetometry using sodium fluorescence with synchronous modulation of two-photon resonant light fields","authors":"R. Grewal, Mauricio Pulido, G. Pati, R. Tripathi","doi":"10.1063/5.0030696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0030696","url":null,"abstract":"We report a new technique for generating magnetic resonance with synchronous modulation of two-photon resonant light fields. Magnetic resonances in fluorescence from a sodium cell are measured to demonstrate suitability of this technique for remote magnetometry. A strong magnetic resonance with its dip corresponding to the Larmor frequency is produced in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. An additional resonance at 3{Omega_L} is observed, which can be used to determine the magnetic field orientation. We have developed a theoretical model based on the density matrix equations to verify our experimental observations. An average magnetic field sensitivity of 41 mathbf{pT}/sqrt{mathbf{Hz}} is measured using light duty cycles ranging from 35% to 10%. We have discussed possible changes that can be made to improve the sensitivity of this scheme further.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80993676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-16DOI: 10.1103/physreva.102.043112
J. Yuan, Shiwei Liu, Xincheng Wang, Z. Shen, Yixuan Ma, Huanyu Ma, Qiuxiang Meng, T. Yan, Yizhu Zhang, A. Dorn, M. Weidemüller, D. Ye, Yuhai Jiang
We perform high-resolution measurements of momentum distribution on Rb$^{n+}$ recoil ions up to charge state $n=4$, where laser-cooled rubidium atoms are ionized by femtosecond elliptically polarized lasers with the pulse duration of 35 fs and the intensity of 3.3$times$10$^{15}$ W/cm$^2$ in the over-barrier ionization (OBI) regime. The momentum distributions of the recoil ions are found to exhibit multi-band structures as the ellipticity varies from the linear to circular polarizations. The origin of these band structures can be explained quantitatively by the classical OBI model and dedicated classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations with Heisenberg potential. Specifically, with back analysis of the classical trajectories, we reveal the ionization time and the OBI geometry of the sequentially released electrons, disentangling the mechanisms behind the tilted angle of the band structures. These results indicate that the classical treatment can describe the strong-field multiple ionization processes of alkali atoms.
{"title":"Ellipticity-dependent sequential over-barrier ionization of cold rubidium","authors":"J. Yuan, Shiwei Liu, Xincheng Wang, Z. Shen, Yixuan Ma, Huanyu Ma, Qiuxiang Meng, T. Yan, Yizhu Zhang, A. Dorn, M. Weidemüller, D. Ye, Yuhai Jiang","doi":"10.1103/physreva.102.043112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.043112","url":null,"abstract":"We perform high-resolution measurements of momentum distribution on Rb$^{n+}$ recoil ions up to charge state $n=4$, where laser-cooled rubidium atoms are ionized by femtosecond elliptically polarized lasers with the pulse duration of 35 fs and the intensity of 3.3$times$10$^{15}$ W/cm$^2$ in the over-barrier ionization (OBI) regime. The momentum distributions of the recoil ions are found to exhibit multi-band structures as the ellipticity varies from the linear to circular polarizations. The origin of these band structures can be explained quantitatively by the classical OBI model and dedicated classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations with Heisenberg potential. Specifically, with back analysis of the classical trajectories, we reveal the ionization time and the OBI geometry of the sequentially released electrons, disentangling the mechanisms behind the tilted angle of the band structures. These results indicate that the classical treatment can describe the strong-field multiple ionization processes of alkali atoms.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78223197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-08DOI: 10.1103/physreva.102.051301
R. Niederriter, Chandler Schlupf, P. Hamilton
We propose and demonstrate real-time sub-wavelength cavity QED measurements of the spatial distribution of atoms in an optical lattice. Atoms initially confined in one "trap" standing wave of an optical cavity mode are probed with a second "probe" standing wave. With frequencies offset by one free spectral range, the nodes of the trap fall on the anti-nodes of the probe in the ${approx}$10$^4$ lattice sites around the center of the cavity. This lattice site independent atom-cavity coupling enables high sensitivity detection of atom dynamics even with atoms spread over many lattice sites. To demonstrate, we measure the temperature of 20-70 $mu$K atom ensembles in ${<}$10 $mu$s by monitoring their expansion of ${approx}$100 nm after sudden release from the trap lattice. Atom-cavity coupling imprints the atom dynamics on the probe transmission. The new technique will enable improved non-destructive detection of Bloch oscillations and other atom dynamics in optical lattices.
{"title":"Cavity probe for real-time detection of atom dynamics in an optical lattice","authors":"R. Niederriter, Chandler Schlupf, P. Hamilton","doi":"10.1103/physreva.102.051301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.051301","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and demonstrate real-time sub-wavelength cavity QED measurements of the spatial distribution of atoms in an optical lattice. Atoms initially confined in one \"trap\" standing wave of an optical cavity mode are probed with a second \"probe\" standing wave. With frequencies offset by one free spectral range, the nodes of the trap fall on the anti-nodes of the probe in the ${approx}$10$^4$ lattice sites around the center of the cavity. This lattice site independent atom-cavity coupling enables high sensitivity detection of atom dynamics even with atoms spread over many lattice sites. To demonstrate, we measure the temperature of 20-70 $mu$K atom ensembles in ${<}$10 $mu$s by monitoring their expansion of ${approx}$100 nm after sudden release from the trap lattice. Atom-cavity coupling imprints the atom dynamics on the probe transmission. The new technique will enable improved non-destructive detection of Bloch oscillations and other atom dynamics in optical lattices.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81631844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-03DOI: 10.1103/physreva.102.053111
Tejaswi Katravulapally, L. A. A. Nikolopoulos
We have developed a perturbative method to model the resonant ionization of atomic systems in fluctuating laser fields. The perturbative method is based on an expansion in terms of the multitime cumulants, a suitable combination of moments (field's coherence functions), used to represent the field's statistical properties. The second-order truncated expansion is expressed in terms of the radiation's power spectrum and the intensity autocorrelation function. We investigate the range of validity of the model in terms of the field's coherence temporal length and peak intensity and have compared the results with conventional Monte-Carlo calculations. We apply the theory in the case of a near-resonant ionization of the Helium 2s2p autoionizing state with a SASE FEL pulse with square-exponentially dependent 1st-order coherence function. The ionization lineshape profile acquires a Voight profile; the degree of the Gaussian or Lorentzian character of which to depend crucially on the field's coherence time.
{"title":"Perturbative theory of statistically averaged atomic dynamics in fluctuating laser fields","authors":"Tejaswi Katravulapally, L. A. A. Nikolopoulos","doi":"10.1103/physreva.102.053111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.053111","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a perturbative method to model the resonant ionization of atomic systems in fluctuating laser fields. The perturbative method is based on an expansion in terms of the multitime cumulants, a suitable combination of moments (field's coherence functions), used to represent the field's statistical properties. The second-order truncated expansion is expressed in terms of the radiation's power spectrum and the intensity autocorrelation function. We investigate the range of validity of the model in terms of the field's coherence temporal length and peak intensity and have compared the results with conventional Monte-Carlo calculations. We apply the theory in the case of a near-resonant ionization of the Helium 2s2p autoionizing state with a SASE FEL pulse with square-exponentially dependent 1st-order coherence function. The ionization lineshape profile acquires a Voight profile; the degree of the Gaussian or Lorentzian character of which to depend crucially on the field's coherence time.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82728040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.103.043111
L. Baum, N. Vilas, Christian Hallas, B. Augenbraun, S. Raval, D. Mitra, J. Doyle
We study optical cycling in the polar free radical calcium monohydroxide (CaOH) and establish an experimental path towards scattering >$10^4$ photons. We report vibrational branching ratio measurements with accuracy at the $sim$$5 times 10^{-4}$ level and observe weak symmetry-forbidden decays to bending modes with non-zero vibrational angular momentum. Quantitative theory is developed to explain these observations and predict additional decay pathways. Additionally, we perform high-resolution spectroscopy of the $widetilde{text{X}},^2Sigma^+(12^00)$ and $widetilde{text{X}},^2Sigma^+(12^20)$ hybrid vibrational states of CaOH. These advances establish a path towards radiative slowing, 3D magneto-optical trapping, and sub-Doppler cooling of CaOH.
我们研究了极性自由基氢氧化钙(CaOH)的光循环，并建立了一条散射> $10^4$光子的实验路径。我们报告了在$sim$$5 times 10^{-4}$级别精确测量的振动分支比，并观察到弱对称禁止衰减到具有非零振动角动量的弯曲模式。定量理论的发展是为了解释这些观察和预测额外的衰变途径。此外，我们还对氢氧化钠的$widetilde{text{X}},^2Sigma^+(12^00)$和$widetilde{text{X}},^2Sigma^+(12^20)$杂化振动态进行了高分辨率光谱分析。这些进展为氢氧根的辐射减速、三维磁光捕获和亚多普勒冷却奠定了基础。
{"title":"Establishing a nearly closed cycling transition in a polyatomic molecule","authors":"L. Baum, N. Vilas, Christian Hallas, B. Augenbraun, S. Raval, D. Mitra, J. Doyle","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevA.103.043111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.103.043111","url":null,"abstract":"We study optical cycling in the polar free radical calcium monohydroxide (CaOH) and establish an experimental path towards scattering >$10^4$ photons. We report vibrational branching ratio measurements with accuracy at the $sim$$5 times 10^{-4}$ level and observe weak symmetry-forbidden decays to bending modes with non-zero vibrational angular momentum. Quantitative theory is developed to explain these observations and predict additional decay pathways. Additionally, we perform high-resolution spectroscopy of the $widetilde{text{X}},^2Sigma^+(12^00)$ and $widetilde{text{X}},^2Sigma^+(12^20)$ hybrid vibrational states of CaOH. These advances establish a path towards radiative slowing, 3D magneto-optical trapping, and sub-Doppler cooling of CaOH.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83078843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVRESEARCH.2.023329
Hongqiang Xie, H. Lei, Guihua Li, Qian Zhang, Xiaowei Wang, Jing Zhao, Zhiming Chen, J. Yao, Ya Cheng, Zengxiu Zhao
We experimentally investigated the rotationally resolved polarization characteristics of N$_2^+$ lasing at 391 and 428 nm using a pump-seed scheme. By varying the relative angle between the linear polarizations of the pump and seed, it is found that the polarizations of the P and R branches of 391-nm lasing are counter-rotated. By contrast, both branches of 428-nm lasing remain polarized along the pump. The origin of the puzzled abnormal polarization characteristics is found based on a complete physical model that simultaneously includes the transient photoionization and the subsequent coupling among the electronic, vibrational and rotational quantum states of this http URL suggests that the cascaded resonant Raman processes following ionization create negative coherence between the rotational states of $J$ and $J$+2 in the ionic ground state X$^2Sigma_g^+(nu=0)$, which leads to mirror-symmetrical polarization for the P and R branches of 391-nm lasing. Both the experiment and theory indicate that the demonstrated rotational coherence plays an extremely pivotal role in clarifying the gain mechanism of N$_2^+$ lasing and opens up the route toward quantum optics under ultrafast strong fields.
{"title":"Role of rotational coherence in femtosecond-pulse-driven nitrogen ion lasing","authors":"Hongqiang Xie, H. Lei, Guihua Li, Qian Zhang, Xiaowei Wang, Jing Zhao, Zhiming Chen, J. Yao, Ya Cheng, Zengxiu Zhao","doi":"10.1103/PHYSREVRESEARCH.2.023329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVRESEARCH.2.023329","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally investigated the rotationally resolved polarization characteristics of N$_2^+$ lasing at 391 and 428 nm using a pump-seed scheme. By varying the relative angle between the linear polarizations of the pump and seed, it is found that the polarizations of the P and R branches of 391-nm lasing are counter-rotated. By contrast, both branches of 428-nm lasing remain polarized along the pump. The origin of the puzzled abnormal polarization characteristics is found based on a complete physical model that simultaneously includes the transient photoionization and the subsequent coupling among the electronic, vibrational and rotational quantum states of this http URL suggests that the cascaded resonant Raman processes following ionization create negative coherence between the rotational states of $J$ and $J$+2 in the ionic ground state X$^2Sigma_g^+(nu=0)$, which leads to mirror-symmetrical polarization for the P and R branches of 391-nm lasing. Both the experiment and theory indicate that the demonstrated rotational coherence plays an extremely pivotal role in clarifying the gain mechanism of N$_2^+$ lasing and opens up the route toward quantum optics under ultrafast strong fields.","PeriodicalId":8441,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Atomic Physics","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76199097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-20DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVAPPLIED.14.044013
C. S. Nichols, L. Nofs, M. Viray, Lu Ma, E. Paradis, G. Raithel
We present a magneto-optical trap (MOT) design based on millimeter ball lenses, contained within a metal cube of 0.75$^{prime prime}$ side length. We present evidence of trapping approximately $4.2times 10^5$ of $^{85}$Rb atoms with a number density of $3.2times 10^9$ atoms/cm$^{3}$ and a loading time of 1.3 s. Measurement and a kinetic laser-cooling model are used to characterize the atom trap design. The design provides several advantages over other types of MOTs: the laser power requirement is low, the small lens and cube sizes allow for miniaturization of MOT applications, and the lack of large-diameter optical beam pathways prevents external blackbody radiation from entering the trapping region.
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