Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3369
Victoria Moltong Yilwa, Nwankwo Cornelius Tochukwu, Emere Matthew Chika, Adejo Peter Ojodale, Danfulloh Tundeno Barde
The aquatic environment is incessantly polluted by the release of high toxic concentrations of heavy metals which are bio-accumulative and persistent in nature. This investigation was conducted to assess the phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) growing in Panteka stream, Kaduna where mechanic and farming activities are carried out. Having three sampling points (A, B and C) and pond water, where farming is predominant served as the control site (D) using phytoremediation indices. The root and shoot samples of E. crassipes grown at the sampling points (A, B, C) and the control were analyzed to determine heavy metal concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The phytoremediation indices were calculated via bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor. The results showed that the root samples had higher accumulation of heavy metals than the shoot samples. During the analysis the heavy metal Zn was noted to be accumulated the highest in roots and shoots (335.32 ± 23.6 and 256.52 ± 30.82) mg/kg at sampling point B respectively. In this present analysis heavy metals were translocated efficiently and had bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor greater than one. Nickel had the highest bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor, and Zn had a translocation factor that was less than one across all samples. This implies that E. crassipes is a potential hyperaccumulator plant for phytoremediation.
{"title":"Phytoremediation Indices of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Growing in Panteka Stream, Kaduna, Nigeria","authors":"Victoria Moltong Yilwa, Nwankwo Cornelius Tochukwu, Emere Matthew Chika, Adejo Peter Ojodale, Danfulloh Tundeno Barde","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3369","url":null,"abstract":"The aquatic environment is incessantly polluted by the release of high toxic concentrations of heavy metals which are bio-accumulative and persistent in nature. This investigation was conducted to assess the phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) growing in Panteka stream, Kaduna where mechanic and farming activities are carried out. Having three sampling points (A, B and C) and pond water, where farming is predominant served as the control site (D) using phytoremediation indices. The root and shoot samples of E. crassipes grown at the sampling points (A, B, C) and the control were analyzed to determine heavy metal concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The phytoremediation indices were calculated via bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor. The results showed that the root samples had higher accumulation of heavy metals than the shoot samples. During the analysis the heavy metal Zn was noted to be accumulated the highest in roots and shoots (335.32 ± 23.6 and 256.52 ± 30.82) mg/kg at sampling point B respectively. In this present analysis heavy metals were translocated efficiently and had bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor greater than one. Nickel had the highest bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor, and Zn had a translocation factor that was less than one across all samples. This implies that E. crassipes is a potential hyperaccumulator plant for phytoremediation.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"31 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135476577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: Butterflies are the symbol and target species for conservation in many parts of the world, and are key indicators of an environment's ecological status. The abundance, brief generation time, quick movement, and sensitivity to climatic changes of the butterfly fauna make it a significant predictor. It is crucial for effective and suitable butterfly protection to conduct research on biodiversity, ecology, and habitat suitability.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ajmer City, Rajasthan, India. The four sites for butterfly collection were Open Land, Scrub Land, Aravalli Hills, and MDS University Campus to reflect the variety of environments in Ajmer. Scrub land makes up 1.5 km2, open ground 1.3 km2, the MDS University campus 0.5 km2, and the Aravalli hills 2 km2 of the 5.3 km2 research regions.
Methodology: For butterfly studies, the Pollard walk technique was used, with 20 fixed transects placed stratified and randomly across four environments. Adult butterfly individuals were noted while walking at a slow, steady speed within a assumptive 5 m radius and Alpha and Beta diversity analysis was performed using PAST 4.06 and Microsoft Excel 2010
Results: During the study, 54 butterfly species from five groups were identified. The most diverse families were Nymphalidae and Pieridae, then Lycaenidae, Hesperiidae, Papilionidae.
Conclusion: It is essential to track changes in the butterfly population as an indicator for climate and human impacts because they are sensitive to changes in their surroundings, they perform functions like pollinating various plant species. However, by planting appropriate trees, plants, and other vegetation that will support the organisms' continued health, we can at least try to lessen them. At a minimum, this attempt will prevent the common species from facing extinction.
{"title":"Community Composition and Dynamics of Butterflies in Different Microhabitats of Central Aravalli Hill Regions of Ajmer District, Rajasthan, India","authors":"Bhaskar Sharma, Rounak Choudhary, Vivek Sharma, Subroto Dutta, Subhash Chandra","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3368","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Butterflies are the symbol and target species for conservation in many parts of the world, and are key indicators of an environment's ecological status. The abundance, brief generation time, quick movement, and sensitivity to climatic changes of the butterfly fauna make it a significant predictor. It is crucial for effective and suitable butterfly protection to conduct research on biodiversity, ecology, and habitat suitability.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ajmer City, Rajasthan, India. The four sites for butterfly collection were Open Land, Scrub Land, Aravalli Hills, and MDS University Campus to reflect the variety of environments in Ajmer. Scrub land makes up 1.5 km2, open ground 1.3 km2, the MDS University campus 0.5 km2, and the Aravalli hills 2 km2 of the 5.3 km2 research regions.
 Methodology: For butterfly studies, the Pollard walk technique was used, with 20 fixed transects placed stratified and randomly across four environments. Adult butterfly individuals were noted while walking at a slow, steady speed within a assumptive 5 m radius and Alpha and Beta diversity analysis was performed using PAST 4.06 and Microsoft Excel 2010
 Results: During the study, 54 butterfly species from five groups were identified. The most diverse families were Nymphalidae and Pieridae, then Lycaenidae, Hesperiidae, Papilionidae.
 Conclusion: It is essential to track changes in the butterfly population as an indicator for climate and human impacts because they are sensitive to changes in their surroundings, they perform functions like pollinating various plant species. However, by planting appropriate trees, plants, and other vegetation that will support the organisms' continued health, we can at least try to lessen them. At a minimum, this attempt will prevent the common species from facing extinction.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"55 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3367
S. Y. Lema, J. Ibrahim, J. Suleiman
Farming of Guinea corn in Sokoto is face with a lot of Crop protection problems which prevent full scale production of this crop in the state and Nigeria at large. A study was conducted to assess the correlation of insect pest infestation of Guinea corn stored in Kasarawa and Kuffa Food Ware-houses in Sokoto Metropolis Sokoto State-Nigeria. A total of Two Hundred and Fourty (240) grain samples were collected and examined for insect pest infestation using compound microscope and the result was analyzed using Chi-square statistical tool. The result of this study showed that 172/240 (71.67%) were positive for insect pest infestation. There were significance difference between the infestation and nature of the food ware-house (P<0.05). The result of infestation in relation to the location were the samples are collected from the food ware-houses shows that, top location 71/80 (88.75%) has the highest rate of the Infestation, followed by the middle location 53/80 (66.25%) and the least Infestation was recorded in the bottom location of the food ware-houses 30/80 (37.50%). There is also a significance difference between the infestation and locations where the samples are collected from the food ware-house (P<0.05). Of the two species identified, Tribolium confusum is found in all the three food ware-houses with the frequency of 0.7 and 0.6 respectively while Tribolium casteneum was found only in Kuffa/Old Kara food ware-house with the frequency of 0.2. This may be related to the nature of food ware-houses. Used of resistance varieties, Improve sanitation, proper maintenance and fumigation of the food ware-house in and out during storage and while receiving new produce will help to reduce the rate of insect pest infestation in the study area, Sokoto State and Nigeria at large.
{"title":"Study on the Correlation of Insect Pest Infestation of Guinea Corn (Sorghum bicolor) Stored in Kasarawa and Kuffa Food Ware-Houses in Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Y. Lema, J. Ibrahim, J. Suleiman","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3367","url":null,"abstract":"Farming of Guinea corn in Sokoto is face with a lot of Crop protection problems which prevent full scale production of this crop in the state and Nigeria at large. A study was conducted to assess the correlation of insect pest infestation of Guinea corn stored in Kasarawa and Kuffa Food Ware-houses in Sokoto Metropolis Sokoto State-Nigeria. A total of Two Hundred and Fourty (240) grain samples were collected and examined for insect pest infestation using compound microscope and the result was analyzed using Chi-square statistical tool. The result of this study showed that 172/240 (71.67%) were positive for insect pest infestation. There were significance difference between the infestation and nature of the food ware-house (P<0.05). The result of infestation in relation to the location were the samples are collected from the food ware-houses shows that, top location 71/80 (88.75%) has the highest rate of the Infestation, followed by the middle location 53/80 (66.25%) and the least Infestation was recorded in the bottom location of the food ware-houses 30/80 (37.50%). There is also a significance difference between the infestation and locations where the samples are collected from the food ware-house (P<0.05). Of the two species identified, Tribolium confusum is found in all the three food ware-houses with the frequency of 0.7 and 0.6 respectively while Tribolium casteneum was found only in Kuffa/Old Kara food ware-house with the frequency of 0.2. This may be related to the nature of food ware-houses. Used of resistance varieties, Improve sanitation, proper maintenance and fumigation of the food ware-house in and out during storage and while receiving new produce will help to reduce the rate of insect pest infestation in the study area, Sokoto State and Nigeria at large.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3366
Hussain Ahmad Khaqan, Muhammad Ali Haider, Aamna Jabran, Hafiz Ateeq ur Rehman, Laraib Hassan, Hafiz Mubashir Farooqui, Muhammad Usman Zia, Ahmad Fauzan
Introduction: The purpose of our study is to find out about the hobbies of retinal surgeons, how they have followed their childhood hobbies and how some have evolved their hobbies while ho some have developed new hobbies over time and how their hobbies have been influenced by their work life.
Materials and Methods: This survey study consisted of 04 questions which were carefully extracted from previously published papers explaining the hobbies of retinal surgeons other than retinal surgery and finding out if they are satisfied in their current field or not practicing competent Retinal surgeons of the Institute were consulted to finalize the questionnaire who gave their valuable feedback and the survey points were revised and established.
Results: According to the results obtained from the questions regarding their childhood hobbies 36 reported sports as their childhood hobby, 16 said it was book reading, 6 reported watching television as their childhood hobby, 18 had the hobby of drawing in their childhood whereas 4 didn’t respond.
When inquired about their hobbies now, 36 reported reading books, 12 said it was swimming, 2 said it was singing songs, 6 enjoyed golf, 14 reported jogging as their hobby, 6 said their hobby is travelling, 4 surgeons didn’t respond.
Conclusion: It was seen that most of the retinal surgeons carried their childhood hobbies as their adulthood hobbies while some also had different hobbies as adults compared to their childhood hobbies.
{"title":"Life Beyond Retinal Surgery: A Survey","authors":"Hussain Ahmad Khaqan, Muhammad Ali Haider, Aamna Jabran, Hafiz Ateeq ur Rehman, Laraib Hassan, Hafiz Mubashir Farooqui, Muhammad Usman Zia, Ahmad Fauzan","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i3366","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of our study is to find out about the hobbies of retinal surgeons, how they have followed their childhood hobbies and how some have evolved their hobbies while ho some have developed new hobbies over time and how their hobbies have been influenced by their work life.
 Materials and Methods: This survey study consisted of 04 questions which were carefully extracted from previously published papers explaining the hobbies of retinal surgeons other than retinal surgery and finding out if they are satisfied in their current field or not practicing competent Retinal surgeons of the Institute were consulted to finalize the questionnaire who gave their valuable feedback and the survey points were revised and established.
 Results: According to the results obtained from the questions regarding their childhood hobbies 36 reported sports as their childhood hobby, 16 said it was book reading, 6 reported watching television as their childhood hobby, 18 had the hobby of drawing in their childhood whereas 4 didn’t respond.
 When inquired about their hobbies now, 36 reported reading books, 12 said it was swimming, 2 said it was singing songs, 6 enjoyed golf, 14 reported jogging as their hobby, 6 said their hobby is travelling, 4 surgeons didn’t respond.
 Conclusion: It was seen that most of the retinal surgeons carried their childhood hobbies as their adulthood hobbies while some also had different hobbies as adults compared to their childhood hobbies.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was aimed to isolate and identify the methicillin-resistant strains and then detect the genetic variants and investigate S. aureus isolates that were resistant to methicillin found in the community of Southern Punjab. Collecting the isolates of S. aureus from the Southern Punjab region of Pakistan. Isolation and identification of these collected isolates were done by subjecting these isolates to laboratory procedures. A polymerase chain reaction was performed for the molecular and genetic analysis. 60 urine and 40 blood samples were taken from outdoor and indoor patients of the Nishtar Medical College & Hospital, Multan. Gram staining and different biochemical assays were done to confirm the presence of S. aureus. After the confirmation of S. aureus, DNA extraction was performed by a modified method of CTAB. A polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the size of amplicons found in the Southern Punjab community. In order to check the resistance and susceptibility pattern of S. aureus against beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones, the Kirby-Bauer method was used. Out of 100 samples, 98 were cultured on blood agar and mannitol salt agar. 92 tested gram-positive and out of which only 88 gave positive results for the catalase test. When a coagulase test was performed, 85 produced coagulations with plasma in the test tubes. Upon antibiotic susceptibility testing, 50 samples were found as methicillin-resistant S. aureus.67% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus contains mecA3, femA3, aac(6’)/aph(2’’), Tet(K)13, Tet(M)13 genes and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus has 33% less prevalence as compared to methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Southern Punjab region of Pakistan was found to possess the genes mecA3, femA3, aac(6')/aph(2''), Tet(K)13, and Tet(M)13. Southern Punjab region outnumbered in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA) isolates in terms of the prevalence of mecA3, femA3, aac(6’)/aph(2’’), Tet(K)13, Tet(M)13 genes. Non-beta lactam antibiotics can be used to treat MRSA infections.
{"title":"Genetic Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from the Population of Southern Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Syed Bilal Hussain, Hamna Rafi, Asad Aslam, Sadaf Noor, Muhammad Zubair","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2365","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed to isolate and identify the methicillin-resistant strains and then detect the genetic variants and investigate S. aureus isolates that were resistant to methicillin found in the community of Southern Punjab. Collecting the isolates of S. aureus from the Southern Punjab region of Pakistan. Isolation and identification of these collected isolates were done by subjecting these isolates to laboratory procedures. A polymerase chain reaction was performed for the molecular and genetic analysis. 60 urine and 40 blood samples were taken from outdoor and indoor patients of the Nishtar Medical College & Hospital, Multan. Gram staining and different biochemical assays were done to confirm the presence of S. aureus. After the confirmation of S. aureus, DNA extraction was performed by a modified method of CTAB. A polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the size of amplicons found in the Southern Punjab community. In order to check the resistance and susceptibility pattern of S. aureus against beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones, the Kirby-Bauer method was used. Out of 100 samples, 98 were cultured on blood agar and mannitol salt agar. 92 tested gram-positive and out of which only 88 gave positive results for the catalase test. When a coagulase test was performed, 85 produced coagulations with plasma in the test tubes. Upon antibiotic susceptibility testing, 50 samples were found as methicillin-resistant S. aureus.67% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus contains mecA3, femA3, aac(6’)/aph(2’’), Tet(K)13, Tet(M)13 genes and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus has 33% less prevalence as compared to methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Southern Punjab region of Pakistan was found to possess the genes mecA3, femA3, aac(6')/aph(2''), Tet(K)13, and Tet(M)13. Southern Punjab region outnumbered in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA) isolates in terms of the prevalence of mecA3, femA3, aac(6’)/aph(2’’), Tet(K)13, Tet(M)13 genes. Non-beta lactam antibiotics can be used to treat MRSA infections.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2364
Satwika Bonthu, Sarika Pulichintha, None Ganga Raju. M., None N. V. L. Suvarchala Reddy V.
The single drug/single target/single disease tactic to medicine detection currently faces many challenges in terms of welfare, efficiency and sustainability. Network biology and multipharmacology approaches have recently gained acceptance as approaches for omics documents incorporation and multi-target drug development, respectively. Combining these two approaches has created a new model termed network pharmacology (NP) that examines the effects of medications on both interaction and disease. Ayurveda, traditional Indian medicine, uses a scientific formula that contains many ingredients and numerous bioactive composites. Though, the scientific basis and methods are still largely unexplored. Network pharmacology is a prediction tool that helps in predicting the bioactives from different databases, respective genes from databases which are expressed during the disease. The genes are also ranked from cytohubba and genes with greater number have greater interactions with other genes. The mechanism can be predicted from different pathways like KEGG pathway. From the obtained data a network can be constructed using cytoscape and represented.
{"title":"Network Pharmacology Approach for Herbal Drugs Intended for the Therapy of Diseases: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Satwika Bonthu, Sarika Pulichintha, None Ganga Raju. M., None N. V. L. Suvarchala Reddy V.","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2364","url":null,"abstract":"The single drug/single target/single disease tactic to medicine detection currently faces many challenges in terms of welfare, efficiency and sustainability. Network biology and multipharmacology approaches have recently gained acceptance as approaches for omics documents incorporation and multi-target drug development, respectively. Combining these two approaches has created a new model termed network pharmacology (NP) that examines the effects of medications on both interaction and disease. Ayurveda, traditional Indian medicine, uses a scientific formula that contains many ingredients and numerous bioactive composites. Though, the scientific basis and methods are still largely unexplored. Network pharmacology is a prediction tool that helps in predicting the bioactives from different databases, respective genes from databases which are expressed during the disease. The genes are also ranked from cytohubba and genes with greater number have greater interactions with other genes. The mechanism can be predicted from different pathways like KEGG pathway. From the obtained data a network can be constructed using cytoscape and represented.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drought tolerance is not often considered as an independent trait by breeders. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify drought tolerant genotypes using eight drought tolerance indices namely the Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), the YSI, the YR (Yr), yield index (YI), tolerance index (TOL), average productivity (MP), mean geometric productivity (GMP) and stress tolerance index (STI) of maize genotypes (Zea mays L.). A field trial was conducted to evaluate four genotypes during the hot dry season of 2016 and 2017 at the irrigated perimeter of Djirataoua. Drought tolerance indices were calculated on the basis of yield under optimal and stressed conditions. The comparison of the means of drought tolerance demonstrated the effects of drought on yield and showed significant differences between genotypes. The correlation coefficient and principal component analysis showed that the GMP, MP and STI indices were able to discriminate drought-sensitive and tolerant genotypes. Two genotypes CZH131001 and CZH142013 produced high grain yield under both optimal and stressed conditions. Overall, GMP, MP, and STI indices can be used as effectively drought tolerance screening indices and able to identify better genotypes, suitable for both optimal and stress conditions.
{"title":"Evaluation of Four Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes Using Drought Tolerance Indices","authors":"OUMAROU ABDOULAYE Moussa, ISSOUFOU Hassane Bil-Assanou, MAINASSARA Abdou Zaman-Allah","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2363","url":null,"abstract":"Drought tolerance is not often considered as an independent trait by breeders. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify drought tolerant genotypes using eight drought tolerance indices namely the Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), the YSI, the YR (Yr), yield index (YI), tolerance index (TOL), average productivity (MP), mean geometric productivity (GMP) and stress tolerance index (STI) of maize genotypes (Zea mays L.). A field trial was conducted to evaluate four genotypes during the hot dry season of 2016 and 2017 at the irrigated perimeter of Djirataoua. Drought tolerance indices were calculated on the basis of yield under optimal and stressed conditions. The comparison of the means of drought tolerance demonstrated the effects of drought on yield and showed significant differences between genotypes. The correlation coefficient and principal component analysis showed that the GMP, MP and STI indices were able to discriminate drought-sensitive and tolerant genotypes. Two genotypes CZH131001 and CZH142013 produced high grain yield under both optimal and stressed conditions. Overall, GMP, MP, and STI indices can be used as effectively drought tolerance screening indices and able to identify better genotypes, suitable for both optimal and stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134913481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2362
Thangaraj Sekar, Blessy Emy Grace, Karthick N., None Nivetha K., M. Hajistha Parveen, Ganesan Chandra Mohan
Rabies disease can be preventable through vaccination is the only way for effective control and the vaccine is administered as post exposure prophylaxis method (PEP) along with rabies immunoglobulin. For the preparation of the vaccine, the high titre rabies virus has to be propagated in suitable host system like Vero cells. In this study, the virus was propagated in tissue culture flask in two different tissue culture media namely MEM and RPMI-1640, keeping Vero cell line as the host system. This preliminary study is to find the media that yields a better viral titre as high, the influence of harvesting intervals on viral titre for the reason that the vaccine yield is directly proportional to the viral titre during the virus propagation stage and leads to cost effective vaccine. The Vero cell was revived from passage 154 and the part of cells were subjected for adaptation in RPMI-1640 media with gradual media replacement. The passaging of RPMI 1640 media cells were continued until it reaches the equal cell count of MEM (p-158). The confluent monolayer of Vero cells was maintained in the same passage level with appropriate media. The cell count of MEM media, RPMI-1640 were 10.28 x 106 and 10.35 x 106 respectively in 25cm2 tissue culture flasks. The Vero cells were sub-cultured in 175 cm2 tissue culture flasks infected with 0.2 MOI (Multiplicity of Infection) of virus and the viral titration was estimated through FAT test (Fluorescent Antibody Test). The highest viral titre obtained from RPMI-1640 media batch (10-6.125/ml) and MEM media batch (10-6.25 /ml). The two days interval viral harvests shows (Batch 1 & 3) the viral titre log ranged between 10-4.375 to 10-5.875 and three days interval harvests (Batch 2 & 4) the viral titre log ranged between 10-3.750 to 10-6.250 per mL.
狂犬病可以通过疫苗接种进行预防，这是有效控制狂犬病的唯一途径，疫苗作为暴露后预防方法(PEP)与狂犬病免疫球蛋白一起施用。为了制备疫苗，高滴度狂犬病毒必须在合适的宿主系统中繁殖，如Vero细胞。本研究以Vero细胞系为宿主系统，采用MEM和RPMI-1640两种不同的组织培养基，在组织培养瓶中进行病毒繁殖。本初步研究的目的是寻找能产生较好病毒滴度的培养基，因为在病毒繁殖阶段，疫苗产量与病毒滴度成正比，因此收获间隔对病毒滴度的影响很大，从而产生具有成本效益的疫苗。Vero细胞从传代154中复活，部分细胞在RPMI-1640培养基中进行适应，逐渐更换培养基。继续传代RPMI 1640培养基细胞，直到达到与MEM (p-158)相等的细胞数。用适当的培养基将Vero细胞的融合单层维持在同一传代水平。MEM培养基、RPMI-1640在25cm2组织培养瓶中细胞计数分别为10.28 × 106和10.35 × 106。将Vero细胞传代于175 cm2的组织培养瓶中，感染0.2 MOI (Multiplicity of Infection)病毒，通过FAT试验(fluorescence Antibody test)估计病毒滴度。RPMI-1640培养基批(10-6.125/ml)和MEM培养基批(10-6.25 /ml)的病毒滴度最高。两天间隔的病毒收获显示(第一批&3)病毒滴度日志范围在10-4.375到10-5.875之间，间隔三天收获(第2批&4)病毒滴度在10-3.750 ~ 10-6.250 / mL之间。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of MEM, RPMI 1640 Media on Rabies Virus Propagation in Vero Cells and Virus Quantification by FAT","authors":"Thangaraj Sekar, Blessy Emy Grace, Karthick N., None Nivetha K., M. Hajistha Parveen, Ganesan Chandra Mohan","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2362","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies disease can be preventable through vaccination is the only way for effective control and the vaccine is administered as post exposure prophylaxis method (PEP) along with rabies immunoglobulin. For the preparation of the vaccine, the high titre rabies virus has to be propagated in suitable host system like Vero cells. In this study, the virus was propagated in tissue culture flask in two different tissue culture media namely MEM and RPMI-1640, keeping Vero cell line as the host system. This preliminary study is to find the media that yields a better viral titre as high, the influence of harvesting intervals on viral titre for the reason that the vaccine yield is directly proportional to the viral titre during the virus propagation stage and leads to cost effective vaccine. The Vero cell was revived from passage 154 and the part of cells were subjected for adaptation in RPMI-1640 media with gradual media replacement. The passaging of RPMI 1640 media cells were continued until it reaches the equal cell count of MEM (p-158). The confluent monolayer of Vero cells was maintained in the same passage level with appropriate media. The cell count of MEM media, RPMI-1640 were 10.28 x 106 and 10.35 x 106 respectively in 25cm2 tissue culture flasks. The Vero cells were sub-cultured in 175 cm2 tissue culture flasks infected with 0.2 MOI (Multiplicity of Infection) of virus and the viral titration was estimated through FAT test (Fluorescent Antibody Test). The highest viral titre obtained from RPMI-1640 media batch (10-6.125/ml) and MEM media batch (10-6.25 /ml). The two days interval viral harvests shows (Batch 1 & 3) the viral titre log ranged between 10-4.375 to 10-5.875 and three days interval harvests (Batch 2 & 4) the viral titre log ranged between 10-3.750 to 10-6.250 per mL.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136192740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2361
M. Khalequzzaman, T. Chakrabarty, M. Islam, E. Rashid, M. Prince, M. Siddique
The study was conducted to evaluate the mean performance, variability along with heritability, correlation coefficient and path coefficients from data collected on 48 Boro rice landraces. Amboro 2 (Golden), Gopal Beshi, Deshi Boro, Kali Boro, Madhabsail, Jagli (Deshi Boro), Pankaich, Joya Boro and Mi-Pajang were found as elite landrace based on the mean performance. High heritability along with genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance in per cent of mean (GAMP) was observed for ligule length, basal leaf length, basal leaf width, culm length, panicle length, test weight, grain length, grain breadth and brown rice length breadth ratio. A positive and significant correlation was observed for basal leaf length, culm length, plant height and yield at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Basal leaf length and plant height showed a positive direct effect, but culm length showed a negative direct effect at the genotypic level and the situation is just reversed at the phenotypic level for these three traits. However, all these three traits have made the total association positive and significant. Yield had significant (***p<0.001) positive correlations with filled grains number per panicle, days to flowering, days to maturity, grain length, and decorticated grain length breadth ratio. Hence, basal leaf length, culm length, plant height, days to flower and days to maturity are identified as key traits for developing advanced Boro rice breeding lines. The landraces showing a significant amount of variability for yield and its correlated traits can be used for the future breeding program by direct selection based on yield and yield contributing traits.
{"title":"Deciphering Genetic Variability, Traits Association, Correlation and Path Coefficient in Selected Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces","authors":"M. Khalequzzaman, T. Chakrabarty, M. Islam, E. Rashid, M. Prince, M. Siddique","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2361","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to evaluate the mean performance, variability along with heritability, correlation coefficient and path coefficients from data collected on 48 Boro rice landraces. Amboro 2 (Golden), Gopal Beshi, Deshi Boro, Kali Boro, Madhabsail, Jagli (Deshi Boro), Pankaich, Joya Boro and Mi-Pajang were found as elite landrace based on the mean performance. High heritability along with genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance in per cent of mean (GAMP) was observed for ligule length, basal leaf length, basal leaf width, culm length, panicle length, test weight, grain length, grain breadth and brown rice length breadth ratio. A positive and significant correlation was observed for basal leaf length, culm length, plant height and yield at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Basal leaf length and plant height showed a positive direct effect, but culm length showed a negative direct effect at the genotypic level and the situation is just reversed at the phenotypic level for these three traits. However, all these three traits have made the total association positive and significant. Yield had significant (***p<0.001) positive correlations with filled grains number per panicle, days to flowering, days to maturity, grain length, and decorticated grain length breadth ratio. Hence, basal leaf length, culm length, plant height, days to flower and days to maturity are identified as key traits for developing advanced Boro rice breeding lines. The landraces showing a significant amount of variability for yield and its correlated traits can be used for the future breeding program by direct selection based on yield and yield contributing traits.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88882378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2360
Bibata Traoré, M. J. Bangou, Koudbi Jacob Zongo, P. Sombié, Loé Victor Traoré, H. Ouoba, G. Ouédraogo
Aims: The objectives are to carry out an ethnobotanical survey among traditional healers in order to choose the most recipe used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis in cities of Burkina Faso followed by phytochemical quantification, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial of the best recipe. Methodology: Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in Bobo-Dioulasso and Dédougou by semi-structured interview amount traditional healers. The extracts were obtained by ethanolic and hydroethanolic maceration. Characterization of the secondary metabolites was revealed by the tests in tubes. Polyphenolic compounds contents quantification was done by spectrophotometry using Follin-Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum trichloride and vanilic acid. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods: DPPH• and FRAP. The Minimal inhibitory concentration on Enterobacteria strains was determined by the dilution method and the minimal bactericidal concentration was determined by inoculation on agar. The susceptibility test of Candida albicans strains was carried out using the disc diffusion assay. Results: In total, 52 traditional healers were surveyed with a predominance of men (75%) in the both cities. 38 recipes of medicinal plants have been obtained. Decoction is the most frequent method of preparation in Bobo-Dioulasso (87.5%) and in Dédougou (27.27%). The leaves (44%) and the bark of the trunk (31.82%) are respectively the most parts used of the plants. Colorimetric tests revealed the presence of compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponosides. The best results of quantification tests of total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins, were obtained with the hydroethanolic extract (80.27±20.27(mgEAG/10 mg); 0.27±0.01(mgEQ/10 mg) and 73.31±4.65 (mgEC/10 mg)). With antioxidant activity, the highest value was obtained with the DPPH radical inhibition method (85.59±0.001%). Minimal inhibitory concentration revelead that the highest value was 0.781 mg/ml and the best minimal bactericidal concentration was 3.123 mg/ml. Conclusion: Phytochemical and biological analysis realized could be partially justified by the recipes used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.
{"title":"The Ethnobotanical Investigation, Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of a Medicinal Plant Recipe Directed against Candida albicans and Enterobacteria Stains Producing ESBL CTX-M-15 Type in Burkina Faso","authors":"Bibata Traoré, M. J. Bangou, Koudbi Jacob Zongo, P. Sombié, Loé Victor Traoré, H. Ouoba, G. Ouédraogo","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i2360","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The objectives are to carry out an ethnobotanical survey among traditional healers in order to choose the most recipe used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis in cities of Burkina Faso followed by phytochemical quantification, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial of the best recipe. \u0000Methodology: Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in Bobo-Dioulasso and Dédougou by semi-structured interview amount traditional healers. The extracts were obtained by ethanolic and hydroethanolic maceration. Characterization of the secondary metabolites was revealed by the tests in tubes. Polyphenolic compounds contents quantification was done by spectrophotometry using Follin-Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum trichloride and vanilic acid. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods: DPPH• and FRAP. The Minimal inhibitory concentration on Enterobacteria strains was determined by the dilution method and the minimal bactericidal concentration was determined by inoculation on agar. The susceptibility test of Candida albicans strains was carried out using the disc diffusion assay. \u0000Results: In total, 52 traditional healers were surveyed with a predominance of men (75%) in the both cities. 38 recipes of medicinal plants have been obtained. Decoction is the most frequent method of preparation in Bobo-Dioulasso (87.5%) and in Dédougou (27.27%). The leaves (44%) and the bark of the trunk (31.82%) are respectively the most parts used of the plants. Colorimetric tests revealed the presence of compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponosides. The best results of quantification tests of total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins, were obtained with the hydroethanolic extract (80.27±20.27(mgEAG/10 mg); 0.27±0.01(mgEQ/10 mg) and 73.31±4.65 (mgEC/10 mg)). With antioxidant activity, the highest value was obtained with the DPPH radical inhibition method (85.59±0.001%). Minimal inhibitory concentration revelead that the highest value was 0.781 mg/ml and the best minimal bactericidal concentration was 3.123 mg/ml. \u0000Conclusion: Phytochemical and biological analysis realized could be partially justified by the recipes used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86849497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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