Pub Date : 2023-06-24DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4349
J. Okpalla
The effect of inoculum size and medium volume on methionine production by Bacillus species EZ- 13 and ZM-10 was studied. The methionine-producing bacteria had already been isolated from within Anambra State University (now Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University), Uli campus Anambra State. They were purified and identified as Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10 using cultural and biochemical characteristics. Thereafter, they were used to evaluated the influence of inoculum size and medium volume on methionine production by Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10 in 250 ml flasks containing 50 ml of sterile fermentation medium. The findings revealed that Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10, at inoculum size of 4% v/v, recorded maximum methionine yields of 2.8 mg/ml and 2.1 mg/ml respectively. The methionine concentrations of both Bacillus species decreased beyond inoculum size of 4% v/v. The medium volume of 50 ml stimulated maximum methionine yield of 3.0 mg/ml in Bacillus species EZ-13 and 2.4 mg/ml in Bacillus species ZM-10. The methionine concentrations for both bacteria decreased beyond medium volume of 50 ml. The result of the study showed that varying the inoculum sizes and medium volumes, could influence methionine yield by fermentation.
{"title":"The Effect of Inoculum Size and Medium Volume on Methionine Production by Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10","authors":"J. Okpalla","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4349","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of inoculum size and medium volume on methionine production by Bacillus species EZ- 13 and ZM-10 was studied. The methionine-producing bacteria had already been isolated from within Anambra State University (now Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University), Uli campus Anambra State. They were purified and identified as Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10 using cultural and biochemical characteristics. Thereafter, they were used to evaluated the influence of inoculum size and medium volume on methionine production by Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10 in 250 ml flasks containing 50 ml of sterile fermentation medium. The findings revealed that Bacillus species EZ-13 and ZM-10, at inoculum size of 4% v/v, recorded maximum methionine yields of 2.8 mg/ml and 2.1 mg/ml respectively. The methionine concentrations of both Bacillus species decreased beyond inoculum size of 4% v/v. The medium volume of 50 ml stimulated maximum methionine yield of 3.0 mg/ml in Bacillus species EZ-13 and 2.4 mg/ml in Bacillus species ZM-10. The methionine concentrations for both bacteria decreased beyond medium volume of 50 ml. The result of the study showed that varying the inoculum sizes and medium volumes, could influence methionine yield by fermentation.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79530236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4348
Y. Andriani, R. Pratama
The demand for fish consumption continues to rise due to its high protein content, leading to an inadequate supply of fish stocks. To address this issue, the utilization of public water bodies for fish cultivation is seen as a potential solution. Cultivating fish in public waters can significantly boost fish production and maximize water utilization. One crucial stage in freshwater fish farming is freshwater fish hatchery development, aimed at meeting market demand for fish. Tilapia, a type of freshwater fish, holds great potential for cultivation due to its low production costs, high economic value, and adaptability to various aquatic conditions. The Cibiru Fish Fry Center in Bandung City plays a crucial role in tilapia fry production, with tilapia spawning being a significant endeavor. Tilapia is a freshwater fish species known for its elongated body shape, flattened sides, and blackish color. It exhibits a remarkable tolerance to different salinity levels and feeds on both animals and plants. Tilapia spawning at the Cibiru Fish Fry Center involves careful preparation of spawning ponds and the use of kakaban and water nets as substrates for egg attachment. Approximately 30,000 larvae are produced per spawning, with a hatching rate of 80%. Larvae management takes place in the same ponds as the spawning ponds and fertilizer application is used to promote the growth of natural food sources for the larvae. Feeding management is crucial for tilapia cultivation, with proper nutrition and feed quality influencing gonadal maturity and overall fish growth. The success of tilapia fry production at the center relies on various factors, including careful spawning preparation, optimal larval management, and effective feeding management.
{"title":"Spawning Technique of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at the Fish Fry Center in Cibiru, West Java","authors":"Y. Andriani, R. Pratama","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4348","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for fish consumption continues to rise due to its high protein content, leading to an inadequate supply of fish stocks. To address this issue, the utilization of public water bodies for fish cultivation is seen as a potential solution. Cultivating fish in public waters can significantly boost fish production and maximize water utilization. One crucial stage in freshwater fish farming is freshwater fish hatchery development, aimed at meeting market demand for fish. Tilapia, a type of freshwater fish, holds great potential for cultivation due to its low production costs, high economic value, and adaptability to various aquatic conditions. The Cibiru Fish Fry Center in Bandung City plays a crucial role in tilapia fry production, with tilapia spawning being a significant endeavor. Tilapia is a freshwater fish species known for its elongated body shape, flattened sides, and blackish color. It exhibits a remarkable tolerance to different salinity levels and feeds on both animals and plants. Tilapia spawning at the Cibiru Fish Fry Center involves careful preparation of spawning ponds and the use of kakaban and water nets as substrates for egg attachment. Approximately 30,000 larvae are produced per spawning, with a hatching rate of 80%. Larvae management takes place in the same ponds as the spawning ponds and fertilizer application is used to promote the growth of natural food sources for the larvae. Feeding management is crucial for tilapia cultivation, with proper nutrition and feed quality influencing gonadal maturity and overall fish growth. The success of tilapia fry production at the center relies on various factors, including careful spawning preparation, optimal larval management, and effective feeding management.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82479631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4347
I. Pradhan, Subhalakshmi Rout, Sanjeet Kumar
Hooded grasshopper belongs to the order Orthoptera and the family Acrididae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. The hooded grasshopper, Teratodes monticollis, was described as Gryllus monticollis by English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1832. The distribution of this species has been recorded in different parts of Burma, Ceylon, and India. The contemporary reports about records of this species from various states of India are very limited. The authors observed the intraspecific colour variation of Teratodes monticollis in Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India, and presented it here. It might be due to some abiotic stress in the study areas.
帽蝗属于直翅目和蝗科。它原产于印度和斯里兰卡。1832年，英国动物学家乔治·罗伯特·格雷(George Robert Gray)将这种带帽蚱蜢称为Gryllus monticolis。分布于缅甸、锡兰和印度的不同地区。印度各邦关于该物种记录的当代报告非常有限。本文对印度奥里萨邦Bonai森林区monticolis的种内颜色变化进行了观察，并在此发表。这可能是由于研究区域的一些非生物胁迫造成的。
{"title":"Hooded Grasshopper Teratodes monticollis (Gray, 1832) Morphometric and Intraspecific Colour Variation from Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India","authors":"I. Pradhan, Subhalakshmi Rout, Sanjeet Kumar","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i4347","url":null,"abstract":"Hooded grasshopper belongs to the order Orthoptera and the family Acrididae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. The hooded grasshopper, Teratodes monticollis, was described as Gryllus monticollis by English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1832. The distribution of this species has been recorded in different parts of Burma, Ceylon, and India. The contemporary reports about records of this species from various states of India are very limited. The authors observed the intraspecific colour variation of Teratodes monticollis in Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India, and presented it here. It might be due to some abiotic stress in the study areas.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86544801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3346
Rosidah
For fish farmers, the disease are the biggest cause of loss. In an effort to control the disease is often done by using synthetic antibiotics. The continuous use of synthetic antibiotics with uncontrolled doses can lead to resistance of pathogenic microbes to these antibiotics, accumulation of antibiotics in the aquatic environment and fish bodies which is certainly dangerous for human health and other aquatic biota. The use of herbal ingredients is the right strategy for disease control in fish, because it is relatively safer and cheaper. Medicinal ingredients derived from plants have been used for thousands of years as traditional medicine by people in various parts of the world. This traditional medicine is widely used by the community not only for treatment (curative), but also as an alternative to prevent disease, to rehabilitation and also to increase immunity and health. Galangal rhizome contains several chemical compounds, namely phenols/tannins, quinones, steroids/triterpenoids, flavonoids. Based on the phytochemical content, galangal rhizome has several pharmacological property that are useful for human health, namely as antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, antioxidant, immunostimulant, anti-ulcerative, anti-tumor, and anti-allergenic activities. In addition, galangal (Alpinia galanga L.) rhizomes can improve growth and feed efficiency. The purpose of this article is to describe the extent to which galangal rhizomes can be used to maintain the health of cultured fish. Based on the previou studies, galangal rhizome is potential and effective for maintaining fish health, because the antibacterial properties of legkuas rhizome can treat several species of cultured fish Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis niloticusand Clarias gariepinus which are infected with the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophilla. In vitro test results of galangal rhizome are bacteriostatic against pathogenic bacteria in fish, namely Edwardsiella tarda. The antifungal properties of galangal rhizomes can treat Oreochromis niloticus, Kryptoterus bicirrhis, Osphronemus gouramy and Borbonymus gonionotus infested with fungus Saprolegnia sp. As an immunostimulant, galangal rhizome is able to prevent eggs and fry of C. gariepinus from being attacked by Saprolegniasp, Pseudomnas sp. and A. hydrophilla.
{"title":"Effect of Galangal (Alpinia galanga L.) Rhizome for the Health of Cultured Fish","authors":"Rosidah","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3346","url":null,"abstract":"For fish farmers, the disease are the biggest cause of loss. In an effort to control the disease is often done by using synthetic antibiotics. The continuous use of synthetic antibiotics with uncontrolled doses can lead to resistance of pathogenic microbes to these antibiotics, accumulation of antibiotics in the aquatic environment and fish bodies which is certainly dangerous for human health and other aquatic biota. The use of herbal ingredients is the right strategy for disease control in fish, because it is relatively safer and cheaper. Medicinal ingredients derived from plants have been used for thousands of years as traditional medicine by people in various parts of the world. This traditional medicine is widely used by the community not only for treatment (curative), but also as an alternative to prevent disease, to rehabilitation and also to increase immunity and health. Galangal rhizome contains several chemical compounds, namely phenols/tannins, quinones, steroids/triterpenoids, flavonoids. Based on the phytochemical content, galangal rhizome has several pharmacological property that are useful for human health, namely as antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, antioxidant, immunostimulant, anti-ulcerative, anti-tumor, and anti-allergenic activities. In addition, galangal (Alpinia galanga L.) rhizomes can improve growth and feed efficiency. The purpose of this article is to describe the extent to which galangal rhizomes can be used to maintain the health of cultured fish. Based on the previou studies, galangal rhizome is potential and effective for maintaining fish health, because the antibacterial properties of legkuas rhizome can treat several species of cultured fish Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis niloticusand Clarias gariepinus which are infected with the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophilla. In vitro test results of galangal rhizome are bacteriostatic against pathogenic bacteria in fish, namely Edwardsiella tarda. The antifungal properties of galangal rhizomes can treat Oreochromis niloticus, Kryptoterus bicirrhis, Osphronemus gouramy and Borbonymus gonionotus infested with fungus Saprolegnia sp. As an immunostimulant, galangal rhizome is able to prevent eggs and fry of C. gariepinus from being attacked by Saprolegniasp, Pseudomnas sp. and A. hydrophilla.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82191878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3345
Ogbonna Obiageli Annastesia, Nwamba Helen Ogochukwu, Anukwu John Uchenna
Background: Widespread applications of pesticides such as Lambda cyhalothrin to boost crops production have frequently led to contamination of the fresh water ecosystem in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: In this study, Clarias gariepinus were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Lambda-cyhalothrin pesticide. The 96 h LC50 of lambda cyhalothrin to the fish was estimated at 3.98mgl-1. Mortality of 100% and 10% were observed in fish exposed to 12.00 mg l-1 and 1.25 mg l-1 of Lambda cyhalothrin respectively as compared to no mortality recorded in the control group. Varying degrees of abnormal behaviours like air gulping, hyperactivity, erratic movement, skin discoloration and jerky movements were observed during the 96 hrs exposure period of the fish to Lambda compared to the control. Exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of Lambda cyhalothrin at 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mgl-1 and for 15 days at 5 days intervals that is 5, 10 and 15days led to changes in the biochemical parameters. Results: In the Biochemical parameters analysed, there was significant (P<0.5) increase in the mean values of Albumin, Aspartate Amino Transfarase (AST), Alanine Amino Transaferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphate (ALP) and Creatinine compares to the control group. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the values of water quality assays in control and treated group. Conclusion: The biomarkers measured could be useful tools for monitoring effects of other pesticides on aquatic organisms. However, further studies could be done to investigate their mode of action to strike a balance between protection of aquatic biota and discharges of these pesticides and their metabolites to aquatic environments.
{"title":"Impact of Lamda-Cyhalothrin on the Biochemical Parameters of Clarias gariepinus","authors":"Ogbonna Obiageli Annastesia, Nwamba Helen Ogochukwu, Anukwu John Uchenna","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3345","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Widespread applications of pesticides such as Lambda cyhalothrin to boost crops production have frequently led to contamination of the fresh water ecosystem in Nigeria. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, Clarias gariepinus were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Lambda-cyhalothrin pesticide. The 96 h LC50 of lambda cyhalothrin to the fish was estimated at 3.98mgl-1. Mortality of 100% and 10% were observed in fish exposed to 12.00 mg l-1 and 1.25 mg l-1 of Lambda cyhalothrin respectively as compared to no mortality recorded in the control group. Varying degrees of abnormal behaviours like air gulping, hyperactivity, erratic movement, skin discoloration and jerky movements were observed during the 96 hrs exposure period of the fish to Lambda compared to the control. Exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of Lambda cyhalothrin at 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mgl-1 and for 15 days at 5 days intervals that is 5, 10 and 15days led to changes in the biochemical parameters. \u0000Results: In the Biochemical parameters analysed, there was significant (P<0.5) increase in the mean values of Albumin, Aspartate Amino Transfarase (AST), Alanine Amino Transaferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphate (ALP) and Creatinine compares to the control group. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the values of water quality assays in control and treated group. \u0000Conclusion: The biomarkers measured could be useful tools for monitoring effects of other pesticides on aquatic organisms. However, further studies could be done to investigate their mode of action to strike a balance between protection of aquatic biota and discharges of these pesticides and their metabolites to aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85268341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3344
Md Shahidul Islam, B. Debnath, Argho Chanda, Dwipok Deb Nath
This experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU), Bangladesh during 2022. The objective was to evaluate three yard long bean genotypes (BARI yard long bean-1, BARI yard long bean-2 and Kagornatki) in three planting dates (20 March, 20 April and 20 May) under acidic soil conditions of Sylhet. The two factors field experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Yard long bean planted on 20 March recorded the minimum number of days to flower (40.33), the minimum number of days to first harvest (53.33), the maximum number of pods per plant (31.01), the highest individual pod weight (12.25 g), pod length (45.98 cm), per plant pod yield (389.47 g) as well as per decimal pod yield (97.34 kg). The genotype BARI yard long bean-1 was the earliest in flowering (41.66 days). BARI yard long bean-1 had the highest number of pods (27.81) as well as pod yield (309.85 kg) per plant. Although individual pod weight and pod length of BARI yard long bean-1 and Kagornatki were statistically similar, the per decimal pod yield (76.86 kg) of BARI yard long bean-1 was significantly higher than Kagornatki (56.31 kg). Interaction effect showed that the genotype BARI yard long bean-1 planted on 20 March showed the best performance in terms of pod yield per plant (506.56 g) and per decimal (127.22 kg). Therefore, the genotype BARI yard long bean-1 can be recommended to cultivate at 20 March sowing date under acidic soil condition of Sylhet.
{"title":"Evaluation of Yard-long Bean Genotypes at Varied Sowing Dates in the Sylhet Region, Bangladesh","authors":"Md Shahidul Islam, B. Debnath, Argho Chanda, Dwipok Deb Nath","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3344","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU), Bangladesh during 2022. The objective was to evaluate three yard long bean genotypes (BARI yard long bean-1, BARI yard long bean-2 and Kagornatki) in three planting dates (20 March, 20 April and 20 May) under acidic soil conditions of Sylhet. The two factors field experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Yard long bean planted on 20 March recorded the minimum number of days to flower (40.33), the minimum number of days to first harvest (53.33), the maximum number of pods per plant (31.01), the highest individual pod weight (12.25 g), pod length (45.98 cm), per plant pod yield (389.47 g) as well as per decimal pod yield (97.34 kg). The genotype BARI yard long bean-1 was the earliest in flowering (41.66 days). BARI yard long bean-1 had the highest number of pods (27.81) as well as pod yield (309.85 kg) per plant. Although individual pod weight and pod length of BARI yard long bean-1 and Kagornatki were statistically similar, the per decimal pod yield (76.86 kg) of BARI yard long bean-1 was significantly higher than Kagornatki (56.31 kg). Interaction effect showed that the genotype BARI yard long bean-1 planted on 20 March showed the best performance in terms of pod yield per plant (506.56 g) and per decimal (127.22 kg). Therefore, the genotype BARI yard long bean-1 can be recommended to cultivate at 20 March sowing date under acidic soil condition of Sylhet.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85005595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3343
Xinyi Zhang, Ying‐Xia Lei, Ruiwu Yang
Aims: The objective of the study was to investigate: (1) the Ns genome donor and elucidate the origins of the Xm genome of Leymus; (2) evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among these species. Methodology: The CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) procedure was used to extract total genomic DNA from fresh leaf tissue. A total of 150 pairs of SSR primers were tested to screen those produced polymorphic DNA bands to continue further analysis with Elymus species and 13 diploid perennial species as templates. The GS was used to construct a dendrogram via the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) and the SHAN (sequential, hierarchical, agglomerative, and nested clustering) routine in the NTSYS-pc program. Results: The primers WMC475, WMC11 and QWM213 showed more expansion efficiency in the research. There were significant diversity and polymorphism between Leymus and related diploid Triticeae species based on SSR makers. The largest GS coefficient values between Pse. stipifolia and Elymus hystrix indicates that the genetic distance is the closest and has a closer genetic relationship. In clade I, the Leymus species formed a very wellsupported into a small distinct group (Ia) first. Specifically, L. racemosus, L. salinus, L. secalinus and L. triticoides were clustered closely. Conclusion: Psathyrostachys juncea, Psa. huanshanica and Psa. fragilis (Ns genome) clustered together into clade I with Leymus species, which further illustrates Leymus that contains Ns genome is more closely related to Psathyrostachys. St genome and J genome did not participate in the origin of Leymus, and the genetic relationship and genetic distance of Leymus species are related to geographical distribution and environment.
{"title":"Phylogenetic Relationships and Diversity in Leymus (Poaceae, Triticeae) Based on Simple Sequence Repeats Markers","authors":"Xinyi Zhang, Ying‐Xia Lei, Ruiwu Yang","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3343","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The objective of the study was to investigate: (1) the Ns genome donor and elucidate the origins of the Xm genome of Leymus; (2) evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among these species. \u0000Methodology: The CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) procedure was used to extract total genomic DNA from fresh leaf tissue. A total of 150 pairs of SSR primers were tested to screen those produced polymorphic DNA bands to continue further analysis with Elymus species and 13 diploid perennial species as templates. The GS was used to construct a dendrogram via the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) and the SHAN (sequential, hierarchical, agglomerative, and nested clustering) routine in the NTSYS-pc program. \u0000Results: The primers WMC475, WMC11 and QWM213 showed more expansion efficiency in the research. There were significant diversity and polymorphism between Leymus and related diploid Triticeae species based on SSR makers. The largest GS coefficient values between Pse. stipifolia and Elymus hystrix indicates that the genetic distance is the closest and has a closer genetic relationship. In clade I, the Leymus species formed a very wellsupported into a small distinct group (Ia) first. Specifically, L. racemosus, L. salinus, L. secalinus and L. triticoides were clustered closely. \u0000Conclusion: Psathyrostachys juncea, Psa. huanshanica and Psa. fragilis (Ns genome) clustered together into clade I with Leymus species, which further illustrates Leymus that contains Ns genome is more closely related to Psathyrostachys. St genome and J genome did not participate in the origin of Leymus, and the genetic relationship and genetic distance of Leymus species are related to geographical distribution and environment.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76967401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3342
J. Davison, Bassey Maria
Bacteriophages were isolated from raw sewage and selected based on the size and clarity of plaque that were formed. The selected phages were further enriched and purified. The isolated bacteriophages were found to be able to lyse Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate from raw sewage. The virulent bacterial viruses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to be of widespread occurrence in nature Bacterial viruses were applied to control pathogenic bacteria in different fields and successfully. Therefore, this work aimed to study is to isolate bacteriophages capable of lysing Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a potential therapeutic alternative to antibiotics.
{"title":"Isolation of Bacteriophage against Pseudomonas aureginosa from Male Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Specimen","authors":"J. Davison, Bassey Maria","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i3342","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriophages were isolated from raw sewage and selected based on the size and clarity of plaque that were formed. The selected phages were further enriched and purified. The isolated bacteriophages were found to be able to lyse Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate from raw sewage. The virulent bacterial viruses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to be of widespread occurrence in nature Bacterial viruses were applied to control pathogenic bacteria in different fields and successfully. Therefore, this work aimed to study is to isolate bacteriophages capable of lysing Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a potential therapeutic alternative to antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78210056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i2340
Nivedita Panda, A. Panda
Piper betle L., often known as betel vine, is a member of the Piperaceae family and is a significant cash crop for both economic and therapeutic purposes. The betle vine is most likely from Malaysia, while it is also grown in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Nepal. It is grown in the districts of Balasore, Jagatsinghpur, Puri, Khordha, and Ganjam along Odisha's coast. With tremendous potential for creating jobs and improving the socioeconomic situations of rural people in India and other Asian nations, betel vine has enormous economic, medical, and nutraceutical value. However, there are still a number of significant elements of these plants that have not received enough consideration. Over a million people in Odisha use paan, yet most are not aware of its superior nutritional value. The most common chewing combinations for Piper betel include sliced areca nut, slaked lime, coriander, aniseed, clove, cardamom, sweetener, and coconut scrapings. Along with its traditional uses, Piper betel's therapeutic characteristics have the power to treat a variety of illnesses and lessen mouth cancer, which is actually brought on by sliced areca nuts and slaked lime rather than betel leaves. Betel leaves are a great source of vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, antioxidants, protein, lipids, fibre, calcium, iron, and many other nutrients. Many research studies on Piper betle have reported that it contains important chemical constituents such as chavibetol, chavibetol acetate, caryophyllene, allylpyrocatechol diacetate, campene, chavibetol methyl ether, eugenol, a-Pinene, f-Pinene, u-Limonene, saprobe, 1-8-cineol, allylpyrocatechol monoacetate etc. Betel leaf is one of nature's best medicines and is thought to be superior to medications. Additionally, the leaves retain an essential oil (EO) with a high eugenol content (1-3%), which is a popular ingredient in medicines, stimulants, antiseptics, tonics, and other ayurvedic formulations. The demand for its goods, such as herbal medications, treatments, and natural herbal formulations, has grown recently. Additionally, Piper betel aids in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses, including rheumatism, diabetes, hypertension, halitosis, boils and abscesses, obesity, voice issues, conjunctivitis, constipation, headache, itches, mastitis, mastoiditis, leucorrhoea, otorrhoea, ringworm, gum swelling, and many others. The botanical description, geographic distribution, economic worth, cultivation, and ethnobotanical use of P. betle are all succinctly summarised in the current paper. According to the research, P. betle is a naturally occurring, safe, and orally active drug with significant therapeutic potential for treating a range of human medical disorders. To better understand its underlying molecular mechanisms of action, clinical features, structure-activity connections, bioavailability, and synergistic interactions with other medications, more research is still required.
{"title":"Piper betel - Not Just a Mouth Freshener But Also a Miraculous Herb for Healing: A Review","authors":"Nivedita Panda, A. Panda","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i2340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i2340","url":null,"abstract":"Piper betle L., often known as betel vine, is a member of the Piperaceae family and is a significant cash crop for both economic and therapeutic purposes. The betle vine is most likely from Malaysia, while it is also grown in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Nepal. It is grown in the districts of Balasore, Jagatsinghpur, Puri, Khordha, and Ganjam along Odisha's coast. With tremendous potential for creating jobs and improving the socioeconomic situations of rural people in India and other Asian nations, betel vine has enormous economic, medical, and nutraceutical value. However, there are still a number of significant elements of these plants that have not received enough consideration. Over a million people in Odisha use paan, yet most are not aware of its superior nutritional value. The most common chewing combinations for Piper betel include sliced areca nut, slaked lime, coriander, aniseed, clove, cardamom, sweetener, and coconut scrapings. Along with its traditional uses, Piper betel's therapeutic characteristics have the power to treat a variety of illnesses and lessen mouth cancer, which is actually brought on by sliced areca nuts and slaked lime rather than betel leaves. Betel leaves are a great source of vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, antioxidants, protein, lipids, fibre, calcium, iron, and many other nutrients. Many research studies on Piper betle have reported that it contains important chemical constituents such as chavibetol, chavibetol acetate, caryophyllene, allylpyrocatechol diacetate, campene, chavibetol methyl ether, eugenol, a-Pinene, f-Pinene, u-Limonene, saprobe, 1-8-cineol, allylpyrocatechol monoacetate etc. Betel leaf is one of nature's best medicines and is thought to be superior to medications. Additionally, the leaves retain an essential oil (EO) with a high eugenol content (1-3%), which is a popular ingredient in medicines, stimulants, antiseptics, tonics, and other ayurvedic formulations. The demand for its goods, such as herbal medications, treatments, and natural herbal formulations, has grown recently. Additionally, Piper betel aids in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses, including rheumatism, diabetes, hypertension, halitosis, boils and abscesses, obesity, voice issues, conjunctivitis, constipation, headache, itches, mastitis, mastoiditis, leucorrhoea, otorrhoea, ringworm, gum swelling, and many others. The botanical description, geographic distribution, economic worth, cultivation, and ethnobotanical use of P. betle are all succinctly summarised in the current paper. According to the research, P. betle is a naturally occurring, safe, and orally active drug with significant therapeutic potential for treating a range of human medical disorders. To better understand its underlying molecular mechanisms of action, clinical features, structure-activity connections, bioavailability, and synergistic interactions with other medications, more research is still required.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90760354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i2341
Yusias Hikmat Diani, Silphia Novelyn, Jap Mai Cing, T. Suryowati, Christina R. L. Aritonang, Ekarini Daroedono, Anggie Tri Andiani
Aim: To make profiling of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia through a literature search on previous scientific publications in the internet, then creating a map showing the spread of this silent epidemic among medical students. Methodology: Simple internet based literature study cross sectionally search for previous published scientific articles available only on the internet, regarding overweight or obesity among medical students from different faculty of medicine in Indonesia. This study conducted from January to March 2023. Using famous search engine, Google™, we type several keywords regarding overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia. Results and Discussion: Data from 29 published articles obtained electronically. The mean percentage of overweight and obese students is 35.5% and found in both public or private medical schools; where private schools have a slightly higher mean percentage of prevalence than the public ones. Even though there are 92 medical schools across Indonesia, it turns out that not all have such data uploaded to the internet. From the health communication perspective, this is also barriers that must be overcome. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity among medical students of Indonesia is a real problem that must be managed properly in order to ensure that, these students stay healthy, can complete their education and then become doctors who serve the community.
{"title":"Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Medical Students across Indonesia: A Literature Review","authors":"Yusias Hikmat Diani, Silphia Novelyn, Jap Mai Cing, T. Suryowati, Christina R. L. Aritonang, Ekarini Daroedono, Anggie Tri Andiani","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i2341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v18i2341","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To make profiling of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia through a literature search on previous scientific publications in the internet, then creating a map showing the spread of this silent epidemic among medical students. \u0000Methodology: Simple internet based literature study cross sectionally search for previous published scientific articles available only on the internet, regarding overweight or obesity among medical students from different faculty of medicine in Indonesia. This study conducted from January to March 2023. Using famous search engine, Google™, we type several keywords regarding overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia. \u0000Results and Discussion: Data from 29 published articles obtained electronically. The mean percentage of overweight and obese students is 35.5% and found in both public or private medical schools; where private schools have a slightly higher mean percentage of prevalence than the public ones. Even though there are 92 medical schools across Indonesia, it turns out that not all have such data uploaded to the internet. From the health communication perspective, this is also barriers that must be overcome. \u0000Conclusion: Overweight and obesity among medical students of Indonesia is a real problem that must be managed properly in order to ensure that, these students stay healthy, can complete their education and then become doctors who serve the community.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83774297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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