Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4329
O. C. Okou, D. Akré, A. E. Koffi, Djané Hamed, A. Djaman
Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antivenom action of minerals from two plants on the biochemical parameters of rabbits. Methodology: For its realization, thirty-six (36) rabbits including nineteen (19) males and seventeen (17) females were divided into three portions (E1, E2 and E3). In each portion, there are different batches with three rabbits per batch. So, for E1, each rabbit of the control lot and those of the experimental lot were collected separately in the red tubes (dry tubes). However, those from the experimental batch were injected 20-30 minutes after the injection of Naja nigricollis venom. For E2, each rabbit in a given experimental batch was first scarified with a specific potion initially prepared and then separately harvested the following day. Then, each animal was separately envenomed and then separately sampled. In E3, the same procedure of E2 was observed with the only difference that this time, each animal of a given experimental lot was first separately envenomed and then scarified with a precise potion previously prepared and subsequently collected three days later. All the blood samples taken in the various red tubes were transported in a cooler for the determination of biochemical parameters. Results: The venom has a dose-dependent action on the red blood cells in vitro, whereas the in vivo tests highlighted in a general way, the stabilizing and preventive action of the minerals from the potion P2 (Mucuna pruriens), P3 (Pongamia pinnata), P4, P5 and P6, and the curative action of P1 and P3 (Pongamia pinnata) on some biochemical parameters. Indeed, their action was manifested by the survival of some envenomed animals with a greater activity for P3. Conclusion: For the development of an antivenom, it would be advisable to use more Pongamia pinnata because of its effectiveness both preventively and curatively.
{"title":"Screening of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. and Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (Fabaceae) Minerals on Biochemical Parameters of Oryctolagus cuniculus as Antivenom","authors":"O. C. Okou, D. Akré, A. E. Koffi, Djané Hamed, A. Djaman","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4329","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antivenom action of minerals from two plants on the biochemical parameters of rabbits. \u0000Methodology: For its realization, thirty-six (36) rabbits including nineteen (19) males and seventeen (17) females were divided into three portions (E1, E2 and E3). In each portion, there are different batches with three rabbits per batch. So, for E1, each rabbit of the control lot and those of the experimental lot were collected separately in the red tubes (dry tubes). However, those from the experimental batch were injected 20-30 minutes after the injection of Naja nigricollis venom. For E2, each rabbit in a given experimental batch was first scarified with a specific potion initially prepared and then separately harvested the following day. Then, each animal was separately envenomed and then separately sampled. In E3, the same procedure of E2 was observed with the only difference that this time, each animal of a given experimental lot was first separately envenomed and then scarified with a precise potion previously prepared and subsequently collected three days later. All the blood samples taken in the various red tubes were transported in a cooler for the determination of biochemical parameters. \u0000Results: The venom has a dose-dependent action on the red blood cells in vitro, whereas the in vivo tests highlighted in a general way, the stabilizing and preventive action of the minerals from the potion P2 (Mucuna pruriens), P3 (Pongamia pinnata), P4, P5 and P6, and the curative action of P1 and P3 (Pongamia pinnata) on some biochemical parameters. Indeed, their action was manifested by the survival of some envenomed animals with a greater activity for P3. \u0000Conclusion: For the development of an antivenom, it would be advisable to use more Pongamia pinnata because of its effectiveness both preventively and curatively.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80584016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4328
Rami Shaddoud, A. Saad, Mouina M. Badran
To test the efficacy of the technique of using dopamine antagonists with pituitary extracts, experiments were conducted in July, 2022, at Masab Al Sen (Al Sen estuary) Fish Farm and Hatchery, General Commission for Fisheries Resources, Syria. In all, 18 sets (2 female x 4 male in each set) were tried individually. 9 sets were treated with domperidone (DOM) and carp pituitary extract (CPE) and they constituted the experimental sets, while the rest 9 were treated with CPE and formed the control sets. The ovulation ratio, absolute fecundity, relative fecundity (number of eggs/kg), fertilization rate and hatching rate was 92.85%, 384645 ± 70990 eggs, 56853.22 ± 5385.68 eggs/kg, 80.02% and 61.54%, respectively in the experimental sets whereas it was 92.85%, 355172 ± 53008 eggs, 52059.73 ± 3853.71 eggs/kg, 72.50% and 54.46% respectively in case of control sets. Hatching occurred within 20 h and 45 min to 21 h after fertilization in the experimental sets whereas it was 20 h and 45min to 21 h and 20 min in case of control sets at 26-26.5°C. It was observed that body weight has positive influence on absolute fecundity (r = 0.98, 0.99) and relative fecundity (0.97,0.97) in case of experimental sets and control sets respectively.
{"title":"Induced Spawning of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, Using Common Carp Pituitary Extract with Domperidone","authors":"Rami Shaddoud, A. Saad, Mouina M. Badran","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4328","url":null,"abstract":"To test the efficacy of the technique of using dopamine antagonists with pituitary extracts, experiments were conducted in July, 2022, at Masab Al Sen (Al Sen estuary) Fish Farm and Hatchery, General Commission for Fisheries Resources, Syria. In all, 18 sets (2 female x 4 male in each set) were tried individually. 9 sets were treated with domperidone (DOM) and carp pituitary extract (CPE) and they constituted the experimental sets, while the rest 9 were treated with CPE and formed the control sets. The ovulation ratio, absolute fecundity, relative fecundity (number of eggs/kg), fertilization rate and hatching rate was 92.85%, 384645 ± 70990 eggs, 56853.22 ± 5385.68 eggs/kg, 80.02% and 61.54%, respectively in the experimental sets whereas it was 92.85%, 355172 ± 53008 eggs, 52059.73 ± 3853.71 eggs/kg, 72.50% and 54.46% respectively in case of control sets. Hatching occurred within 20 h and 45 min to 21 h after fertilization in the experimental sets whereas it was 20 h and 45min to 21 h and 20 min in case of control sets at 26-26.5°C. It was observed that body weight has positive influence on absolute fecundity (r = 0.98, 0.99) and relative fecundity (0.97,0.97) in case of experimental sets and control sets respectively.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78049534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4327
Shuri Helen Achu, C. Tiogué, J. Awah-Ndukum
Given the lack of adequate information on morphometric characteristics of wild fish in Cameroon, the present research was carried out from November 2019 to October 2020 to analyse length - weight relationship and Fulton’s condition factor of Chrysichthys longidorsalis (Risch & Thys van den Audenaerde, 1981) to provide baseline information for its fishery management and aquaculture development. A total of 451 sampled C. longidorsalis captured from Sanaga River basin of the Centre Region in Cameroon were identified and lengths and weights measured. Mean standard length, total length and total weight of samples were 18.13 ± 7.32 cm, 23.91 ± 9.37 cm and 305.15 ± 315.66 g respectively. The males were longer and heavier than females (p<0.05). High correlation coefficient (>0.9) and coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9516) revealed strong positive relationship (>95%) between fish standard length and total weight. The growth coefficient (b) values, were less than 3 (2.7234) suggesting a negative allometric growth pattern. Though the condition factor was higher (p<0.05) in males and during the dry season than in females and during the rainy season, the overall value was 5.85 ± 11.44, indicating that the fish had good adaptation to conditions of the Sanaga River basin. This study serves as useful reference for sustainable management and conservation of fish resources in Cameroonian waters.
鉴于喀麦隆野生鱼类形态计量学特征缺乏足够的信息，本研究于2019年11月至2020年10月进行，分析长角蝶的长重关系和富尔顿条件因子(Risch & Thys van den Audenaerde, 1981)，为其渔业管理和水产养殖发展提供基线信息。对喀麦隆中部地区萨纳加河流域捕获的共计451只长角沙蝇进行了鉴定，并测量了长度和重量。样品的平均标准长度为18.13±7.32 cm，总长度为23.91±9.37 cm，总重量为305.15±315.66 g。雄鱼比雌鱼长、重(p0.9)，决定系数(R2 = 0.9516)显示鱼的标准身长与总重呈显著正相关(>95%)。生长系数(b)小于3(2.7234)，为负异速生长模式。尽管雄鱼和旱季条件因子高于雌鱼和雨季条件因子(p<0.05)，但总体为5.85±11.44，表明该鱼对萨纳加河流域条件具有较好的适应能力。该研究为喀麦隆水域鱼类资源的可持续管理和保护提供了有益的参考。
{"title":"Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Chrysichthys longidorsalis (Risch & Thys Van Den Audenaerde, 1981) Landed at the Sanaga River Basin, Cameroon","authors":"Shuri Helen Achu, C. Tiogué, J. Awah-Ndukum","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i4327","url":null,"abstract":"Given the lack of adequate information on morphometric characteristics of wild fish in Cameroon, the present research was carried out from November 2019 to October 2020 to analyse length - weight relationship and Fulton’s condition factor of Chrysichthys longidorsalis (Risch & Thys van den Audenaerde, 1981) to provide baseline information for its fishery management and aquaculture development. A total of 451 sampled C. longidorsalis captured from Sanaga River basin of the Centre Region in Cameroon were identified and lengths and weights measured. Mean standard length, total length and total weight of samples were 18.13 ± 7.32 cm, 23.91 ± 9.37 cm and 305.15 ± 315.66 g respectively. The males were longer and heavier than females (p<0.05). High correlation coefficient (>0.9) and coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9516) revealed strong positive relationship (>95%) between fish standard length and total weight. The growth coefficient (b) values, were less than 3 (2.7234) suggesting a negative allometric growth pattern. Though the condition factor was higher (p<0.05) in males and during the dry season than in females and during the rainy season, the overall value was 5.85 ± 11.44, indicating that the fish had good adaptation to conditions of the Sanaga River basin. This study serves as useful reference for sustainable management and conservation of fish resources in Cameroonian waters.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84588938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3326
RahmaAbdo Ahmed Osman, M. O. Khalid, A. A. Saeed, Tibyan Abd Almajed Altaher, G. M. Mahjaf, B. M. T. Gorish
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Thyroid disease is found commonly in most forms of diabetes and is associated with advanced age, particularly in type 2 diabetes and underlying autoimmune disease in type 1 diabetes. Objective: This study aims to evaluate TSH and Free T4 among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Shendi locality, from August to December 2021. Methodology: The present study was a case-control study. Conducted in the Shendi locality, from August to November 2021. Convenience sampling technique was used to include a total of 50 participants in this study of which 30 Sudanese patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled as cases group and 20 healthy Sudanese were enrolled as control group. Blood samples were collected from each subject and estimated for the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (FT4) using the 360 Automated Immunoassay Analyzer (TOSOH). And the results were analyzed using the computer program SPSS (Social Science Statistical Package). Results: The result of this study showed that the mean concentration of TSH and Free T4 level in the diabetic subjects was (Mean ± SD): (1.6 ± 0.99) (13.5 ± 2.3) and control (2.0 ± 0.81) (12.5 ± 2.0) respectively with P. value =0.148, 0.124 which is insignificant. Also showed the mean concentration of TSH and FT4 according to gender is (1.6, 14.7) respectively for males (1.7, 12.7), and a female with P. value (0.718 for TSH which is insignificant) and (0.016 of Free T4 which is significant). Diabetes has an insignificant association with TSH and Free T4 levels, with P values (0.417, 0.277). Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between the presence of hypertension and the levels of TSH and FreeT4 with P. value (0.043, 0.018). Conclusion: There is no statistical difference between TSH and FT4 levels between cases and controls. There was a ssocition between FT4 levels and gender, with FT4 being higher in females than in males. FT4 is significantly elevated in patients with a family history of diabetes. No significant difference in FT4 levels by age.
{"title":"Evaluation of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Free Thyroxine among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Shendi Locality, Sudan","authors":"RahmaAbdo Ahmed Osman, M. O. Khalid, A. A. Saeed, Tibyan Abd Almajed Altaher, G. M. Mahjaf, B. M. T. Gorish","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3326","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Thyroid disease is found commonly in most forms of diabetes and is associated with advanced age, particularly in type 2 diabetes and underlying autoimmune disease in type 1 diabetes. \u0000Objective: This study aims to evaluate TSH and Free T4 among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Shendi locality, from August to December 2021. \u0000Methodology: The present study was a case-control study. Conducted in the Shendi locality, from August to November 2021. Convenience sampling technique was used to include a total of 50 participants in this study of which 30 Sudanese patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled as cases group and 20 healthy Sudanese were enrolled as control group. Blood samples were collected from each subject and estimated for the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (FT4) using the 360 Automated Immunoassay Analyzer (TOSOH). And the results were analyzed using the computer program SPSS (Social Science Statistical Package). \u0000Results: The result of this study showed that the mean concentration of TSH and Free T4 level in the diabetic subjects was (Mean ± SD): (1.6 ± 0.99) (13.5 ± 2.3) and control (2.0 ± 0.81) (12.5 ± 2.0) respectively with P. value =0.148, 0.124 which is insignificant. Also showed the mean concentration of TSH and FT4 according to gender is (1.6, 14.7) respectively for males (1.7, 12.7), and a female with P. value (0.718 for TSH which is insignificant) and (0.016 of Free T4 which is significant). Diabetes has an insignificant association with TSH and Free T4 levels, with P values (0.417, 0.277). Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between the presence of hypertension and the levels of TSH and FreeT4 with P. value (0.043, 0.018). \u0000Conclusion: There is no statistical difference between TSH and FT4 levels between cases and controls. There was a ssocition between FT4 levels and gender, with FT4 being higher in females than in males. FT4 is significantly elevated in patients with a family history of diabetes. No significant difference in FT4 levels by age.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74804007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3325
S. B. Patil, S. A. Deshmukh
Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. has been widely studied, although it still has the potential to be explored, because it comprises a variety of chemical compounds which have diverse biological activities. The species have, variety of chemical compounds that are present, emphasizing the importance of quality control to distinguish the species. The phytochemicals have importance for their effects on inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant activity especially the Alzheimer’s Disease. In addition, other pharmacological efficacious, such as epilepsy, dizziness, cardiovascular diseases demonstrated a great potential for using Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. in therapeutics.
{"title":"A Review on Taxonomy, Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. (Caesalpiniaceae)","authors":"S. B. Patil, S. A. Deshmukh","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3325","url":null,"abstract":"Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. has been widely studied, although it still has the potential to be explored, because it comprises a variety of chemical compounds which have diverse biological activities. The species have, variety of chemical compounds that are present, emphasizing the importance of quality control to distinguish the species. The phytochemicals have importance for their effects on inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant activity especially the Alzheimer’s Disease. In addition, other pharmacological efficacious, such as epilepsy, dizziness, cardiovascular diseases demonstrated a great potential for using Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. in therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82018531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3324
M. L. Rahman, Md. Khaled Monsur Mallik, Anukul Chandra Sinha, I. Rashid, M. A. Salam
A study was conducted to determine the breeding season of endangered Nandus nandus by observing fecundity, somatic indexes, and gonadal cycle development year-round. Samples were collected from different fish landing centers of Sadar Upazila of Gazipur district. GSI values of N. nandus ranged from 4.26 ± 0.45 to 10.28 ± 0.39 while the maximum and the minimum GSI values were observed in July and in October, respectively. However, GaSI values showed an inverse relationship between them. The fecundity of this fish varied from 11176 ±593 to 18030 ± 1704 with the mean fecundity value of 13534.87 ± 87.53. Interestingly the highest fecundity was 18030 ± 1704 in July and the lowest fecundity was 11176 ± 593 in March, implying that the fecundity increased with the increment of time. Histological observation of ovary confirmed the presence of undeveloped oocyte (UO) to mature (M) stages of oocytes in fishes from March to November. The mature stages of oocytes including yolk vesicle’s (YV), yolk granule’s (YG), and in the case of the male predominance of spermatozoids were found high in proportion during June to July indicating the peak breeding season of N. nandus. Finally, these results suggest that N. nandus may breed from March with the peak in July and this information may help to provide a guideline for induced breeding and proper management of this fish in a controlled system as well as for conservation from being extinct.
{"title":"Observations of Reproductive Biology and the Gonadal Cycle of Endangered Nandus nandus (Hamilton, 1822)","authors":"M. L. Rahman, Md. Khaled Monsur Mallik, Anukul Chandra Sinha, I. Rashid, M. A. Salam","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3324","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the breeding season of endangered Nandus nandus by observing fecundity, somatic indexes, and gonadal cycle development year-round. Samples were collected from different fish landing centers of Sadar Upazila of Gazipur district. GSI values of N. nandus ranged from 4.26 ± 0.45 to 10.28 ± 0.39 while the maximum and the minimum GSI values were observed in July and in October, respectively. However, GaSI values showed an inverse relationship between them. The fecundity of this fish varied from 11176 ±593 to 18030 ± 1704 with the mean fecundity value of 13534.87 ± 87.53. Interestingly the highest fecundity was 18030 ± 1704 in July and the lowest fecundity was 11176 ± 593 in March, implying that the fecundity increased with the increment of time. Histological observation of ovary confirmed the presence of undeveloped oocyte (UO) to mature (M) stages of oocytes in fishes from March to November. The mature stages of oocytes including yolk vesicle’s (YV), yolk granule’s (YG), and in the case of the male predominance of spermatozoids were found high in proportion during June to July indicating the peak breeding season of N. nandus. Finally, these results suggest that N. nandus may breed from March with the peak in July and this information may help to provide a guideline for induced breeding and proper management of this fish in a controlled system as well as for conservation from being extinct.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88582471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Placenta is a temporary and dynamic organ which is unique in its development and function on which survival, healthy growth and development of fetus in the uterus mostly depends. The study was carried out to determine the morphometry and morphology of placenta, birth weight and associated risk factor of full-term neonates. The study involved 50 placentae (27 from males and 23 from females). Descriptive statistical method of data analysis was used to analyze the mean, standard deviation and z-test to correlate the mean. The mean and standard deviation of neonatal weight, fetoplacental coefficient, weight of placenta, maximum weight of placenta, thickness of placenta and the length of umbilical cord observed were; 3.21±0.4, 6.36±1.92, 0.54±0.16 21.30±1.04, 2.17±0.28 and 54.16±2.11 respectively. Also, the most predominant type of umbilical cord attachment was eccentric with a frequency of 38. The number of cotyledons was found to be 15 and above for 98% of the placentaes excluding one which had 8 cotyledons. The presence of incomplete artery was observed in the study. The result showed that placental weight correlates significantly with neonatal weight and that abnormal placenta results in poor health of the neonate. The examination of the placenta can be useful for the future postnatal life as it is indicative of neonatal birth weight. and resistance to early adulthood diseases of the neonates. It is, therefore, recommended that physicians pay attention to the placenta.
{"title":"Morphometric and Morphologic Assessment of the Placenta, Birth Weight and Associated Risk Factors in Full Term Neonates in Nigeria","authors":"Bob-Manuel, Ibinabo Fubara, Bob-Manuel, Sotonyemieba Fayeofori","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3323","url":null,"abstract":"Placenta is a temporary and dynamic organ which is unique in its development and function on which survival, healthy growth and development of fetus in the uterus mostly depends. The study was carried out to determine the morphometry and morphology of placenta, birth weight and associated risk factor of full-term neonates. The study involved 50 placentae (27 from males and 23 from females). Descriptive statistical method of data analysis was used to analyze the mean, standard deviation and z-test to correlate the mean. The mean and standard deviation of neonatal weight, fetoplacental coefficient, weight of placenta, maximum weight of placenta, thickness of placenta and the length of umbilical cord observed were; 3.21±0.4, 6.36±1.92, 0.54±0.16 21.30±1.04, 2.17±0.28 and 54.16±2.11 respectively. Also, the most predominant type of umbilical cord attachment was eccentric with a frequency of 38. The number of cotyledons was found to be 15 and above for 98% of the placentaes excluding one which had 8 cotyledons. The presence of incomplete artery was observed in the study. The result showed that placental weight correlates significantly with neonatal weight and that abnormal placenta results in poor health of the neonate. The examination of the placenta can be useful for the future postnatal life as it is indicative of neonatal birth weight. and resistance to early adulthood diseases of the neonates. It is, therefore, recommended that physicians pay attention to the placenta.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86996703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3322
Sourabh Khorwal, Suraj Sharma, K. Agrawal
Economic significance of pearl millet has recently received more attention than ever, especially in light of the great nutritional value of gluten-free diets for people with celiac disease. The most major diseases afflict pearl millet include smut, ergot, rust, leaf blast, and green ear disease/downy mildew, despite many new varieties being created throughout the years. Nevertheless, to effectively control them and maximize the crop's economic production, diseases like leaf blast, rust, smut, bacterial leaf spot, stripe, and strike also require early attention. Result, comprehensive data has been gathered in this review within the categories of a etiology, epidemiology, and management practices. The goal of this review is to know the status of pearl millet diseasesis adequately understood, and their correct present management approaches and the need for prospects is underlined.
{"title":"A Review of: Epidemiology and Management Practices of Fungal and Bacterial Diseases of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]","authors":"Sourabh Khorwal, Suraj Sharma, K. Agrawal","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i3322","url":null,"abstract":"Economic significance of pearl millet has recently received more attention than ever, especially in light of the great nutritional value of gluten-free diets for people with celiac disease. The most major diseases afflict pearl millet include smut, ergot, rust, leaf blast, and green ear disease/downy mildew, despite many new varieties being created throughout the years. Nevertheless, to effectively control them and maximize the crop's economic production, diseases like leaf blast, rust, smut, bacterial leaf spot, stripe, and strike also require early attention. Result, comprehensive data has been gathered in this review within the categories of a etiology, epidemiology, and management practices. The goal of this review is to know the status of pearl millet diseasesis adequately understood, and their correct present management approaches and the need for prospects is underlined.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83664483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i2321
A. Sarangi, S. Baral, H. Thatoi
The sericin is a byproduct which is obtained from silk industries. Mainly Bombyx mori is responsible for the synthesis of sericin. Sericin is proteinaceous in nature and is biodegradable. The two major components of silk i.e., fibroin and sericin have to be removed from raw silk to give it a luster or shine by degumming process. Silk sericin and its nutritive value has now been known to everyone in China and Japan. Many uses of sericin like pharmaceutical uses, textile -based uses, use in cosmetics has now been explored in India but the use of sericin as dietary supplement is not still discovered. Tons of silk has been produced in India and the degummed water goes as waste which can be used. Nanotechnological discoveries of sericin have given foremost advances in the field of biomedicine and tissue engineering, with special consideration the applications of a natural product for the enhancement of new pharmaceutical formulations and biomaterials. Sericin conjugated nano formulation are a vast example of nanotechnological tools applied to the blueprint of an biocompatible, economically viable, and biodegradable compound as well as its use as nanomedicine. The aim of this review is to highlight the application of sericin in different fields like in biomedical, food additives and the nano formulation of silk sericin.
{"title":"Extraction and Biological Application of Silk Sericin: An Over View","authors":"A. Sarangi, S. Baral, H. Thatoi","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i2321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i2321","url":null,"abstract":"The sericin is a byproduct which is obtained from silk industries. Mainly Bombyx mori is responsible for the synthesis of sericin. Sericin is proteinaceous in nature and is biodegradable. The two major components of silk i.e., fibroin and sericin have to be removed from raw silk to give it a luster or shine by degumming process. Silk sericin and its nutritive value has now been known to everyone in China and Japan. Many uses of sericin like pharmaceutical uses, textile -based uses, use in cosmetics has now been explored in India but the use of sericin as dietary supplement is not still discovered. Tons of silk has been produced in India and the degummed water goes as waste which can be used. Nanotechnological discoveries of sericin have given foremost advances in the field of biomedicine and tissue engineering, with special consideration the applications of a natural product for the enhancement of new pharmaceutical formulations and biomaterials. Sericin conjugated nano formulation are a vast example of nanotechnological tools applied to the blueprint of an biocompatible, economically viable, and biodegradable compound as well as its use as nanomedicine. The aim of this review is to highlight the application of sericin in different fields like in biomedical, food additives and the nano formulation of silk sericin.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86733378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i2320
A. Adu, O. Aderinola, R. O. Alaka, O. E. Olakunle
Different studies have shown that Vernonia amygdalina is enriched with proteins, fats, fibres, amino acids, minerals vitamins, and carbohydrates but no record yet on the level of heavy metals in Vernonia amygdalina collected from Ojota (dumpsite) and Badagry (control) in Lagos state. Samples of V. amygdalina were collected and analyzed for metals using standard method, while differences in concentrations were analyzed using t-test analysis at level of significance set at p=0.05. The results recorded in mg/100g for the metals content (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) in the plant across the two stations were not significantly different (p>0.05). The Zn in leaf and stem (100.157 ±1.351, 45.743± 3.664) respectively from dumpsite were significantly higher than that of farmland (91.468 ± 2.386, 35.505 ±1.662). Also, Zn content in the root from farmland (73.671 ±2.205) was higher than that of dumpsite (69.515 ± 2.312). All the values of N, P and K recorded in the leaf, stem and roots of bitter leaf from both sites were different significantly (p<0.05). The most frequent nutrient in the leaf, stem and root of the bitter leaf was K, followed by N while the least was P. In contrast, the root contained the highest K, followed by the leaf and then the stem. The DNA band of V. amygdalina from both sites showed no alteration. In conclusion, bitter leaves from both sites were rich in minerals (N, P, and K) though their values were higher at the dumpsites. However, heavy metals content in V. amygdalina at both sites being within standard permissible limits imply it is safe for human consumption.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metals Concentration in Soil and Vegetable (Vernonia amygdalina) Collected from Two Sampling Sites (Farmland and Dumpsite) and the Effect on Plant DNA","authors":"A. Adu, O. Aderinola, R. O. Alaka, O. E. Olakunle","doi":"10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i2320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v17i2320","url":null,"abstract":"Different studies have shown that Vernonia amygdalina is enriched with proteins, fats, fibres, amino acids, minerals vitamins, and carbohydrates but no record yet on the level of heavy metals in Vernonia amygdalina collected from Ojota (dumpsite) and Badagry (control) in Lagos state. Samples of V. amygdalina were collected and analyzed for metals using standard method, while differences in concentrations were analyzed using t-test analysis at level of significance set at p=0.05. The results recorded in mg/100g for the metals content (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) in the plant across the two stations were not significantly different (p>0.05). The Zn in leaf and stem (100.157 ±1.351, 45.743± 3.664) respectively from dumpsite were significantly higher than that of farmland (91.468 ± 2.386, 35.505 ±1.662). Also, Zn content in the root from farmland (73.671 ±2.205) was higher than that of dumpsite (69.515 ± 2.312). All the values of N, P and K recorded in the leaf, stem and roots of bitter leaf from both sites were different significantly (p<0.05). The most frequent nutrient in the leaf, stem and root of the bitter leaf was K, followed by N while the least was P. In contrast, the root contained the highest K, followed by the leaf and then the stem. The DNA band of V. amygdalina from both sites showed no alteration. In conclusion, bitter leaves from both sites were rich in minerals (N, P, and K) though their values were higher at the dumpsites. However, heavy metals content in V. amygdalina at both sites being within standard permissible limits imply it is safe for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":8477,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76802788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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