Journal of Materials Chemistry C最新文献

The integration of solution-processed perovskites and organic semiconductors (OSCs) offers a promising approach for low-cost and flexible optoelectronic devices owing to the conductivity of OSCs and remarkable photoelectric features of perovskites. However, challenges remain in achieving multi-wavelength recognition and seamless circuit integration. Here we report two polymer–perovskite pairs: CsPbBr₃/PDVT-10 hybrid films exhibiting good photosensitivity and typical synaptic behavior under light at wavelengths below 520 nm, while this range was extended to 800 nm in CsPbI₃/P(NDI2OD-T2) hybrid films due to the staggered heterojunction structure formed between them. Furthermore, an organic complementary inverter with a gain of 28 and a noise margin of 66% was fabricated using these two specific OSCs/perovskite pairs. The output curve of the inverter circuit was shifted towards V_IN = 0 V under red light and towards V_IN = V_DD under blue light illumination revealing a large voltage difference of 21 V, over 1/3 of V_DD. Finally, an optoelectronic synapse with voltage output was demonstrated, showing a clear pathway for integration into neuromorphic circuits. This work demonstrates a dual-wavelength sensing inverter circuit with strong wavelength discrimination capability with high potential for use in photodetectors, optoelectronic synapses and photo-logic circuits.

Mechanoluminescent solids are emerging as prime candidates for next-generation industrial and biomedical technologies, enabling effective light-based stress sensing without external power sources. However, directly transmitting stress into solid-state materials can be rather challenging, as it not only requires the application of high stress levels but also lowers the detection sensitivity, thereby limiting the practical utility of even high-performance mechanoluminescent materials. To use their performance to the limit, integrating polymer matrices that indirectly yet efficiently transmit stress to solids through interfacial triboelectric effects represents a groundbreaking strategy to impart morphological freedom, reduce the required mechanical stress, and maximize sensitivity. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the fundamental principles and mechanisms of ML composite systems, highlighting the synergistic roles of various polymers in improving mechanical compliance, luminescence efficiency, and device adaptability. Furthermore, we summarize various application cases enabled by these polymer-based ML composite systems, illustrating their potential in healthcare sensors, smart textiles, and biomedical platforms. Finally, by providing design guidelines for selecting and engineering suitable polymer matrices, this review establishes a blueprint for extending mechanoluminescent composites into broader application domains. These insights position polymer integration not merely as a supporting element but as a central strategy and roadmap for developing next-generation, high-efficiency, and adaptive ML platforms.

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Multi-component design for constructing heterogeneous interfaces has emerged as a key strategy to optimize electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. However, precise structural control during heterogeneous interface construction remains a significant challenge. In this study, CNFs@Co/C fibers with tunable cavity size were prepared by coaxial electrospinning and heat treatment. Abundant heterogeneous interfaces between CNFs and metallic Co particles significantly enhance interfacial polarization. The impedance matching of CNFs@Co/C fibers can be effectively tuned by regulating the cavity size. Optimized impedance matching helps more EMWs enter the material and be lost. The results demonstrate that CNFs@Co/C fibers with an appropriate cavity size exhibit outstanding EMW absorption capabilities, attaining a maximum reflection loss of −56.63 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.84 GHz. Furthermore, the radar stealth performance of the samples was assessed through simulations conducted under far-field conditions. The radar cross section (RCS) value of CNFs@Co/C-2 is less than -10 dB m² over the entire test range, and the maximum RCS attenuation at θ = 0° could reach 24.09 dB m². This study provides essential guidance for the development and production of lightweight materials featuring a hollow structure for advanced EMW absorption applications.

Mg-based thermoelectric (TE) materials have emerged as a prominent research area for mid-to-low temperature waste heat recovery and solid-state refrigeration, demonstrating significant application potential due to their advantages such as abundant resources, environmental friendliness, and low cost. However, their TE performance remains limited by the challenge of optimizing the balance between electrical transport properties and thermal conductivity regulation. Additionally, these materials face challenges related to insufficient stability and scalable fabrication for practical device applications. This review systematically examines the research progress of Mg-based TE materials, including Mg₂(Si,Sn), Mg₃(Sb,Bi)₂, and MgAgSb. By synthesizing key research literature from the past decade, this review comprehensively analyzes core achievements in material design, performance regulation, and device development, employing methods of comparative analysis and inductive summary. The analysis reveals that at the material design level, component optimization and structural engineering effectively improve electrical transport properties. Furthermore, multi-element doping and microstructure engineering are key strategies to enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT), while interface issues and packaging technologies in device integration represent primary bottlenecks limiting their practical applications. By comprehensively summarizing the performance optimization pathways, current device application status, and remaining challenges of Mg-based TE materials, this review not only provides a systematic theoretical and experimental reference for researchers in this field but also offers significant guidance for promoting their transition from laboratory research to practical engineering applications.

Inspired by the honeycomb structure in nature, researchers are dedicated to developing honeycomb architecture-based functional materials with excellent mechanical properties, good structural stability, and effective stress dispersion. In this review, benefiting from its unique 3D multi-scale architecture, excellent mechanical durability, and robust sensing platform, an up-to-date account of the recent advancements in biomimetic-inspired honeycomb architecture-based flexible sensors is provided for the first time. Firstly, this work systematically summarizes the basic characteristics, formation strategies, and preparation processes of flexible sensors with honeycomb architecture. Moreover, the review focuses on the latest progress of honeycomb architecture-based flexible sensors and their emerging applications. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities of honeycomb architecture-based flexible sensors in practical applications and emerging directions are briefly discussed. This review is expected to provide a new paradigm for biomimetic-inspired honeycomb architecture-based structural materials and their emerging applications in health monitoring, flexible electronics, smart wearables, intelligent thermal management, and human–machine interaction, and promote the technological innovation and the development of materials science in related fields.

Spiro-OMeTAD remains the benchmark hole-transport material (HTM) in n–i–p perovskite solar cells (PSCs), playing a key role in achieving record power conversion efficiencies. However, its broad application has been critically hindered by intrinsic instability—a weakness not inherent to the spirobifluorene core, but fundamentally tied to its conventional doping system. The widespread use of hygroscopic lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) and volatile 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) introduces serious degradation pathways, such as Li⁺ migration, pinhole formation, electrode corrosion, and redox-induced de-doping. Additionally, molecular replacements for spiro-OMeTAD that require no chemical doping are highly desirable. In this review, we summarize recent advances in spiro-OMeTAD-based HTMs for PSCs, covering four main aspects: (1) synthetic routes, (2) doping mechanisms, (3) degradation processes, and (4) strategies for enhancing stability. Finally, we provide an outlook on future challenges and strategies for industrial adoption. The evolution of spiro-OMeTAD and next-generation HTMs will rely on developing “all-in-one” multifunctional formulations that integrate doping, ion immobilization, and defect passivation. Combined with scalable green synthesis, rigorous real-world stability testing, and integration with stable perovskite compositions, these approaches can transform spiro-OMeTAD from a stability concern into a versatile platform for continued innovation.

Correction for ‘Work function modulated water-soluble anode interlayer with copper-ion doping for precise signal detection in organic photodiodes’ by Min Soo Kim et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025, 13, 15603–15614, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01630D.

Photodoping represents a promising approach to modulate the thermoelectric conversion of organic materials. However, the relatively low photodoping level of polymeric semiconductors emerges as a critical bottleneck restricting the pace of development in this area. In this study, to address the challenges and advance the photo-modulated thermoelectric properties in polymers, we introduce an electrochemical coupling strategy toward improving the photodoping capacity by employing an electrochemical transistor geometry. The spectroscopy and electrical characterization reveals that the electrolyte ions significantly promote exciton dissociation. By combining this effect with density of states regulation via polymer blending, we achieve optimum thermoelectric properties of the polymer in the photoexcited state, with a maximum photo-thermoelectric power factor of up to 126.30 ± 25.23 µW m⁻¹ K⁻². This work not only provides fundamental insights into the electrolyte ion-gated photodoping mechanism, but also paves the way for developing high-performance polymeric photo-thermoelectric materials and devices.

Thermal switching is an invaluable technique for advanced thermal management and enables highly efficient reuse of thermal energy and improves the performance of various devices that are impacted by waste heat. Spin-ladder cuprate, La₅Ca₉Cu₂₄O₄₁ (LCCO), is ideal for thermal switching owing to its intrinsic high thermal conductivity due to magnons and its tunability; however, its tunability has not been fully explored yet and is crucial for the practical application of spin-ladder cuprates. Herein, a recoverable change in the interfacial thermal conductance between the ab face of the LCCO single crystal and a metal film was achieved by applying and reversing voltage using water, as revealed by frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results were used to propose a plausible model, in which the generation of H₂ by water electrolysis and its subsequent reaction with adsorbed oxygen to form H₂O caused a decrease in the interfacial thermal conductance, while the reverse reaction enabled its recoverability. This proposed method will pave the way for the practical application of spin-ladder cuprates in thermal switching.