Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2236
Kangfei Yao, T. Tiho, Nahoulé Silué, N. Assidjo, K. Y. Koné
Aims: To measure their possible beneficial contributions on the rabbits’ health, Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits’ peels and combined peel-pulp were dried at 60, 65, 70 and 75oC. Place and Duration of Study: On January and February 2023, Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits were collected within the graduate school of agronomy at the National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouët Boigny in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire. Methodology: The unspoiled fruits were peeled. One sample was composed of peels without the pulps, and a second was composed of peel and pulp combined. Following, they were dried during 5 days in ovens. Then, the products were crushed, and sieved. Thereafter, the products were extracted with distilled water through maceration and decoction for 1 hour. Afterwards, total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF), condensed tannins (TC) contents, and antioxidant activity (AOA) were assessed. Results: The best extracts were obtained through decoction. Moreover, the peels presented the highest TP extract for 0.082+/-0.001 mg GAE/g at 70oC. Whereas the lowest TP extract was observed in the combined peel-pulp dried at 70oC for 0.067+/-0.001 mg GAE/g. However, concerning the TF, the peel-pulp dried at 75oC gave the best extracts through maceration, for 0.0450+/-0.007 mg QE/g. Globally, results revealed that the peels contain higher flavonoid contents than the combined peel-pulp. Regarding AOA, the extracts had much higher free radical scavenging capacity in the peels than in the combined peel-pulp parts. The highest antioxidant activity was observed with the peels dried at 70oC for 6.653+/-0.075 μmol TE/g, while the lowest value was observed with the combined peel-pulp dried at 70oC for 1.996+/-0.075 μmol TE/g. With condensed tannins, the best output was obtained with the peel dried at 60oC for 0.468+/-0.003 µg CatE/g. Conclusion: Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits’ parts can be dried between 65 and 70oC. So, they could be good sources of fibres and phytochemicals for rabbits’ diets.
{"title":"Total Polyphenols, Total Flavonoids, Condensed Tannins, and Antioxidant Activity of Borassus aethiopum (Arecaceae) ripe fruits’ Peels, and Peel-Pulps, Dried at Different Temperatures","authors":"Kangfei Yao, T. Tiho, Nahoulé Silué, N. Assidjo, K. Y. Koné","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2236","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To measure their possible beneficial contributions on the rabbits’ health, Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits’ peels and combined peel-pulp were dried at 60, 65, 70 and 75oC. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: On January and February 2023, Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits were collected within the graduate school of agronomy at the National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouët Boigny in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire. \u0000Methodology: The unspoiled fruits were peeled. One sample was composed of peels without the pulps, and a second was composed of peel and pulp combined. Following, they were dried during 5 days in ovens. Then, the products were crushed, and sieved. Thereafter, the products were extracted with distilled water through maceration and decoction for 1 hour. Afterwards, total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF), condensed tannins (TC) contents, and antioxidant activity (AOA) were assessed. \u0000Results: The best extracts were obtained through decoction. Moreover, the peels presented the highest TP extract for 0.082+/-0.001 mg GAE/g at 70oC. Whereas the lowest TP extract was observed in the combined peel-pulp dried at 70oC for 0.067+/-0.001 mg GAE/g. However, concerning the TF, the peel-pulp dried at 75oC gave the best extracts through maceration, for 0.0450+/-0.007 mg QE/g. Globally, results revealed that the peels contain higher flavonoid contents than the combined peel-pulp. Regarding AOA, the extracts had much higher free radical scavenging capacity in the peels than in the combined peel-pulp parts. The highest antioxidant activity was observed with the peels dried at 70oC for 6.653+/-0.075 μmol TE/g, while the lowest value was observed with the combined peel-pulp dried at 70oC for 1.996+/-0.075 μmol TE/g. With condensed tannins, the best output was obtained with the peel dried at 60oC for 0.468+/-0.003 µg CatE/g. \u0000Conclusion: Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits’ parts can be dried between 65 and 70oC. So, they could be good sources of fibres and phytochemicals for rabbits’ diets.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"1983 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82210420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2235
H. Nayak
The data for the nonisothermal and isothermal thermal decompositions of lanthanum oxalate have been analysed using the model-free and model-fitting kinetic techniques. When applied to nonisothermal data using the Coat-Redfern(CR) equation, the widely used model-fitting approach that results excellent fitting for both isothermal and nonisothermal data but produces very ambiguous values of the Arrhenius parameters. These values cannot be compared to those obtained from isothermal experiments. On the other hand, the model-free strategy represented by the iso-conversional method, such as Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), emphasize propertionate variation of the activation energy with the degree of conversion for both isothermal and nonisothermal experiments. The model free approach is recommended as a reliable way for obtaining consistent kinetic information from both isothermal and non-isothermal data. Despite their linear correlation, the kinetic parameters do not exhibit isokinetic behaviour. Thus, utilising Nonlinear Compensation Law, a greater association between kinetic triplets was examined.
{"title":"Isoconversional and Model-fitting Approaches to Kinetic and Thermoanalytic Study of Lanthanum Oxalate: Nonlinear Relationship between Kinetic Parameters","authors":"H. Nayak","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2235","url":null,"abstract":"The data for the nonisothermal and isothermal thermal decompositions of lanthanum oxalate have been analysed using the model-free and model-fitting kinetic techniques. When applied to nonisothermal data using the Coat-Redfern(CR) equation, the widely used model-fitting approach that results excellent fitting for both isothermal and nonisothermal data but produces very ambiguous values of the Arrhenius parameters. These values cannot be compared to those obtained from isothermal experiments. On the other hand, the model-free strategy represented by the iso-conversional method, such as Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), emphasize propertionate variation of the activation energy with the degree of conversion for both isothermal and nonisothermal experiments. The model free approach is recommended as a reliable way for obtaining consistent kinetic information from both isothermal and non-isothermal data. Despite their linear correlation, the kinetic parameters do not exhibit isokinetic behaviour. Thus, utilising Nonlinear Compensation Law, a greater association between kinetic triplets was examined.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"97 Suppl A 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78618402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2234
M. Jafarov, V. Yevdokymenko, D. Kamenskyh, K. Rustamov, Z. A. Jafarov
The developed and software-implemented simplified three-dimensional mathematical model of the unsteady-state process of HFS desublimation is described. The study of regularities in the HFS desublimation process is performed by numerical modeling.
{"title":"Mathematical Model Desublimation Conditions","authors":"M. Jafarov, V. Yevdokymenko, D. Kamenskyh, K. Rustamov, Z. A. Jafarov","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i2234","url":null,"abstract":"The developed and software-implemented simplified three-dimensional mathematical model of the unsteady-state process of HFS desublimation is described. The study of regularities in the HFS desublimation process is performed by numerical modeling.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91515048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1233
Biogas is an alternative and eco-friendly renewable power source and biogas effluent is used as a bio-fertilizer. In this research, the kinetic of biogas formation was studied and also the acceptance of biogas effluent as a bio-fertilizer was evaluated. 8000 g of cow dung and 600 ml of inoculum were fed to the digester. The volume of biogas production was observed for 50 days by using Orsat Apparatus and gas chromatography was used to analyze the gas. From the data, it was found that the formation of methane gas didn’t depend upon the concentration of cow-dung hydrocarbon and it followed the mechanism of the zero-order reaction. On the other hand, the elementary analysis of biogas effluent by AAS ensured the property of effluent as a bio-fertilizer. Utilization of Miscanthus fuscus with E. coli and S. aureus ensured a higher degree of biodegradation.
{"title":"Production and Kinetic Study of Biogas Formation from Cow Dung and Utilization of Biogas Effluent as Bio-Fertilizer","authors":"","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1233","url":null,"abstract":"Biogas is an alternative and eco-friendly renewable power source and biogas effluent is used as a bio-fertilizer. In this research, the kinetic of biogas formation was studied and also the acceptance of biogas effluent as a bio-fertilizer was evaluated. 8000 g of cow dung and 600 ml of inoculum were fed to the digester. The volume of biogas production was observed for 50 days by using Orsat Apparatus and gas chromatography was used to analyze the gas. From the data, it was found that the formation of methane gas didn’t depend upon the concentration of cow-dung hydrocarbon and it followed the mechanism of the zero-order reaction. On the other hand, the elementary analysis of biogas effluent by AAS ensured the property of effluent as a bio-fertilizer. Utilization of Miscanthus fuscus with E. coli and S. aureus ensured a higher degree of biodegradation.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"893 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77466701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1232
J. A. Chukwudebelu, J. Agunwamba
Pulp and paper production process releases different types of wastes into the environment and pulp mill sludge is one of the major wastes from pulp and paper mill. The environmental awareness has led to more attention being given to the process of paper production and the raw materials and chemical usage. In this study, we analyzed the effect of chemical, concentration and cooking time on the characteristics of sludge and physical appearance of pulp obtained from pulping kenaf stem. The stem was pulped with 20%, 60% and 90% concentrations of formic acid and sodium hydroxide at 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours intervals to determine the parameters of their sludge as well as pulp appearance. The parameters considered include carbon, nitrogen, turbidity, phosphorus, ash and moisture. Sludge from sodium hydroxide pulping showed lowest value (0.02) of carbon with 60% concentration and highest (4.30) with 90% after 1hr cooking. Formic acid sludge that reported zero carbon with 20% concentration gave lowest value (1.77) at 60% after 1hr and highest value (8.73) after 3hrs with 90% concentration. Both formic acid and sodium hydroxide sludge recorded highest values (0.29 & 39.77) of nitrogen at 60% concentrations. The sludges of the two chemicals were most turbid at 90% and less at 60% concentrations with highest phosphorus values at the same concentrations. Both sludges reported lowest moisture contents at 60%. Sodium hydroxide showed highest ash at 20% after 1hr cooking while the highest value for formic acid was recorded at 90% after 3hrs cooking. The 60% formic acid at 2 hours gave a better pulp on physical examination and the sludge from the same process can also be reused.
{"title":"Effect of Different Types of Chemicals, Cooking Time and Chemical Concentration on the Quality of Sludge and Pulp Appearance","authors":"J. A. Chukwudebelu, J. Agunwamba","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1232","url":null,"abstract":"Pulp and paper production process releases different types of wastes into the environment and pulp mill sludge is one of the major wastes from pulp and paper mill. The environmental awareness has led to more attention being given to the process of paper production and the raw materials and chemical usage. In this study, we analyzed the effect of chemical, concentration and cooking time on the characteristics of sludge and physical appearance of pulp obtained from pulping kenaf stem. The stem was pulped with 20%, 60% and 90% concentrations of formic acid and sodium hydroxide at 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours intervals to determine the parameters of their sludge as well as pulp appearance. The parameters considered include carbon, nitrogen, turbidity, phosphorus, ash and moisture. Sludge from sodium hydroxide pulping showed lowest value (0.02) of carbon with 60% concentration and highest (4.30) with 90% after 1hr cooking. Formic acid sludge that reported zero carbon with 20% concentration gave lowest value (1.77) at 60% after 1hr and highest value (8.73) after 3hrs with 90% concentration. Both formic acid and sodium hydroxide sludge recorded highest values (0.29 & 39.77) of nitrogen at 60% concentrations. The sludges of the two chemicals were most turbid at 90% and less at 60% concentrations with highest phosphorus values at the same concentrations. Both sludges reported lowest moisture contents at 60%. Sodium hydroxide showed highest ash at 20% after 1hr cooking while the highest value for formic acid was recorded at 90% after 3hrs cooking. The 60% formic acid at 2 hours gave a better pulp on physical examination and the sludge from the same process can also be reused.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80031974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1231
A. Zulkhairi, I. Asiah, M. Razali, K. M. Izar, M. Shafie, A. Fazlyzan, A. Athirah, M. Aisyah, M. Aqilah, M. S. N. Sofea, M. Nuha
Aims: Bambara groundnut is considered as underutilize and commercially forgotten legume in Malaysia. Few studies abroad showed interesting potential on its phytochemical and nutritional contents. This study was carried out to investigate and compare the nutritional, antinutritional, free radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content and fatty acids composition of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) with comparison with two others commercial legumes (Vigna spp.) red bean (V. angularis) and black-eyed pea (V. unguiculata) in Malaysia. Study Design: Each sample was extracted three times (n=3) for the free radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content, fatty acids composition and antinutritional content. All the data were analysed using ANOVA and Tukey Pairwise tests. Place and Duration of Study: Phytochemistry Laboratory, Kompleks MyGene Bank, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia from April to December 2022. Methodology: Bambara groundnut (BGN), red bean (RB) and black-eyed pea (BEP) were purchased from various local market situated in the northern state of Peninsular Malaysia. Each sample was dried in the oven at 40°C for 3 days. Samples were grounded and its proximate and minerals content were determined. Each sample was extracted for the free radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content, oxalates (total, soluble and insoluble) content using HPLC and fatty acids composition using GCMS. Results: Bambara groundnut (BGN) was found to have higher total carbohydrate content (66.0 ± 0.01 g/100g) compared with RB and BEP (P<0.05) hence provides more energy (406.67 ± 1.25 kcal/100g) (14% higher than red bean and black-eyed peas). Further analysis on its mineral content revealed the legume is rich in potassium (24% higher than red bean and black-eyed peas) suggesting its potential to regulate body fluid and muscle contractions. The bambara groundnut’s seed oil is rich in fatty acids; omega 3 and 6 (palmitic acid, α-linoleic acid and linolenic acid). BGN also have higher phenolic content (87.3 ± 2.05 g/100g) compared to RB and BEP (P<0.05). The free radical scavenging assay showed moderate antioxidant activity with inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 0.57 ± 0.04 mg/ml (standard: ascorbic acid = 0.06 mg/ml). The underutilize legume also had undetectable oxalate content; hence it is safe for human consumption (lethal dose 660 mg/kg body weight). Conclusion: The potential findings on this legume should elevate the importance of this crop to be commercialised locally and for the future crop that will lead to achieve food security particularly in Malaysia.
{"title":"Comparative Phytochemical Analysis of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea) and others Vigna spp. with Respect to its Nutritional, Antinutritional and Antioxidant Properties","authors":"A. Zulkhairi, I. Asiah, M. Razali, K. M. Izar, M. Shafie, A. Fazlyzan, A. Athirah, M. Aisyah, M. Aqilah, M. S. N. Sofea, M. Nuha","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1231","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Bambara groundnut is considered as underutilize and commercially forgotten legume in Malaysia. Few studies abroad showed interesting potential on its phytochemical and nutritional contents. This study was carried out to investigate and compare the nutritional, antinutritional, free radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content and fatty acids composition of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) with comparison with two others commercial legumes (Vigna spp.) red bean (V. angularis) and black-eyed pea (V. unguiculata) in Malaysia. \u0000Study Design: Each sample was extracted three times (n=3) for the free radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content, fatty acids composition and antinutritional content. All the data were analysed using ANOVA and Tukey Pairwise tests. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Phytochemistry Laboratory, Kompleks MyGene Bank, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia from April to December 2022. \u0000Methodology: Bambara groundnut (BGN), red bean (RB) and black-eyed pea (BEP) were purchased from various local market situated in the northern state of Peninsular Malaysia. Each sample was dried in the oven at 40°C for 3 days. Samples were grounded and its proximate and minerals content were determined. Each sample was extracted for the free radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content, oxalates (total, soluble and insoluble) content using HPLC and fatty acids composition using GCMS. \u0000Results: Bambara groundnut (BGN) was found to have higher total carbohydrate content (66.0 ± 0.01 g/100g) compared with RB and BEP (P<0.05) hence provides more energy (406.67 ± 1.25 kcal/100g) (14% higher than red bean and black-eyed peas). Further analysis on its mineral content revealed the legume is rich in potassium (24% higher than red bean and black-eyed peas) suggesting its potential to regulate body fluid and muscle contractions. The bambara groundnut’s seed oil is rich in fatty acids; omega 3 and 6 (palmitic acid, α-linoleic acid and linolenic acid). BGN also have higher phenolic content (87.3 ± 2.05 g/100g) compared to RB and BEP (P<0.05). The free radical scavenging assay showed moderate antioxidant activity with inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 0.57 ± 0.04 mg/ml (standard: ascorbic acid = 0.06 mg/ml). The underutilize legume also had undetectable oxalate content; hence it is safe for human consumption (lethal dose 660 mg/kg body weight). \u0000Conclusion: The potential findings on this legume should elevate the importance of this crop to be commercialised locally and for the future crop that will lead to achieve food security particularly in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80771797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1230
El-Hadary A. El-Hadary, Hesham H. El-Feky, Amjad El-Qanni, I. Nassar, M. Nassar
Cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles were prepared by using co-precipitation method and applied on photodegradation of malachite green (MG) dye in an aqueous solution. The as-prepared CdO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and (SAED), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of crystalline CdO nanoparticles with cubic structure while the FESEM image validated the preparation of disc-like spherical irregular shape nanostructures agglomerated with the size of 10-30 nm. The as- prepared CdO nanoparticles exhibited 98 % photodegradation efficiency against the MG dye in 165 min of visible light irradiation at 0.05 g of dose. The experimental data has followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and the rate constant value obtained is 0.002 min-1. Thus, the synthesized CdO nanoparticles degraded MG dye effectively and may be used for environmental remediation purposes.
{"title":"CdO Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green Dye in Aqueous Media","authors":"El-Hadary A. El-Hadary, Hesham H. El-Feky, Amjad El-Qanni, I. Nassar, M. Nassar","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1230","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles were prepared by using co-precipitation method and applied on photodegradation of malachite green (MG) dye in an aqueous solution. The as-prepared CdO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and (SAED), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of crystalline CdO nanoparticles with cubic structure while the FESEM image validated the preparation of disc-like spherical irregular shape nanostructures agglomerated with the size of 10-30 nm. The as- prepared CdO nanoparticles exhibited 98 % photodegradation efficiency against the MG dye in 165 min of visible light irradiation at 0.05 g of dose. The experimental data has followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and the rate constant value obtained is 0.002 min-1. Thus, the synthesized CdO nanoparticles degraded MG dye effectively and may be used for environmental remediation purposes.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84034474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1229
Anant Babu Marahatta
Being the most potential battery candidate for the electrical grids connections due to having promising electrochemical energy storing abilities, vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is widely recognized state-of-the-art technology in renewable energy sectors. Despite its uniqueness of utilizing "all-vanadium" redox couples as the most prospective electrolyte materials, and their conspicuous technological functionalizations, the research works concentrated into its internal operational mechanisms of the cell at both ideal & different state-of-charges are still in the primitive stage. This MD simulation based theoretical insights aiming at revealing benchmark quantitative information on the interfacial micro structures around its Nafion-117 type proton exchange membrane, the intense hydration affinities of its adjacent state bare Vn+ ions, and the closed proximity around the H2O, H3O+, & Nafion-SO3-, etc. at nanometer scale would be a stepping-stone to its technological advancement. The general results presented here illuminate that the VRFB-electrolyte hosting H2O molecules and protons in Hydronium (H3O+), Eigen (H5O2+), & Zundel (H9O3+) states are distributed in a pattern identical to that in a purely bulk water system, and are dynamically used up for exhibiting facile proton conduction. Besides this, the significant departures of the SO3- units of the Nafion-117 at water content (l) = 22 predicted herein confirms its experimentally observed feature of easy accommodating H2O, H3O+, & Vn+ in between them; elucidating the reasons behind its atypical proton conductivity & ionic mobility rates under wet conditions. The MD trajectories based radial distribution function (RDF) predicted Vn+- OH2 radial distances validate the extreme hydration affinities of the bare adjacent Vn+ ions plus their stabilizing propensities with free H2O molecules as established earlier by the DFT based quantum mechanical method.
{"title":"Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Electrochemical Cell Design for All- vanadium Redox Flow Battery","authors":"Anant Babu Marahatta","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2023/v13i1229","url":null,"abstract":"Being the most potential battery candidate for the electrical grids connections due to having promising electrochemical energy storing abilities, vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is widely recognized state-of-the-art technology in renewable energy sectors. Despite its uniqueness of utilizing \"all-vanadium\" redox couples as the most prospective electrolyte materials, and their conspicuous technological functionalizations, the research works concentrated into its internal operational mechanisms of the cell at both ideal & different state-of-charges are still in the primitive stage. This MD simulation based theoretical insights aiming at revealing benchmark quantitative information on the interfacial micro structures around its Nafion-117 type proton exchange membrane, the intense hydration affinities of its adjacent state bare Vn+ ions, and the closed proximity around the H2O, H3O+, & Nafion-SO3-, etc. at nanometer scale would be a stepping-stone to its technological advancement. The general results presented here illuminate that the VRFB-electrolyte hosting H2O molecules and protons in Hydronium (H3O+), Eigen (H5O2+), & Zundel (H9O3+) states are distributed in a pattern identical to that in a purely bulk water system, and are dynamically used up for exhibiting facile proton conduction. Besides this, the significant departures of the SO3- units of the Nafion-117 at water content (l) = 22 predicted herein confirms its experimentally observed feature of easy accommodating H2O, H3O+, & Vn+ in between them; elucidating the reasons behind its atypical proton conductivity & ionic mobility rates under wet conditions. The MD trajectories based radial distribution function (RDF) predicted Vn+- OH2 radial distances validate the extreme hydration affinities of the bare adjacent Vn+ ions plus their stabilizing propensities with free H2O molecules as established earlier by the DFT based quantum mechanical method. ","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78676072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i4227
Asri Saleh
Manganese rocks are classified into manganese oxide, silicate, and carbonate. The research was carried out to synthesize carbon manganese oxide from the leaching of manganese rock and how to influence the physical and electrical properties of carbon manganese oxide from the leaching of manganese rock as the primary material for supercapacitor electrodes. The highest capacitance value produced was 65.3 µF in the composite ratio MnO2 : Carbon 0.25 g : 0.75. In the resistance test, the lowest resistance value was obtained in comparing the composite MnO2 : Carbon 0.25 g : 0.75 g with a resistance value of 1.92 kW.The highest inductance value obtained was 126.7mHon the composite ratio MnO2 : Carbon 0.75 g : 0.25 g. In the conductivity test, the highest value was obtained at 60.4 µS cm-1 in the composite ratio MnO2 : carbon 0.75 g : 0.25 g.
{"title":"The Effect of Physical and Electrical Properties on the Synthesis of Manganese Oxide Carbon from Leaching Rocks as Supercapacitor Electrodes","authors":"Asri Saleh","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i4227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i4227","url":null,"abstract":"Manganese rocks are classified into manganese oxide, silicate, and carbonate. The research was carried out to synthesize carbon manganese oxide from the leaching of manganese rock and how to influence the physical and electrical properties of carbon manganese oxide from the leaching of manganese rock as the primary material for supercapacitor electrodes. The highest capacitance value produced was 65.3 µF in the composite ratio MnO2 : Carbon 0.25 g : 0.75. In the resistance test, the lowest resistance value was obtained in comparing the composite MnO2 : Carbon 0.25 g : 0.75 g with a resistance value of 1.92 kW.The highest inductance value obtained was 126.7mHon the composite ratio MnO2 : Carbon 0.75 g : 0.25 g. In the conductivity test, the highest value was obtained at 60.4 µS cm-1 in the composite ratio MnO2 : carbon 0.75 g : 0.25 g.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"os-16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87196956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i4228
U. Salma, Md. Sohel Rana, J. Ferdous, Md. Faruk Hossen, M. Kudrat-E-Zahan, R. Zamir, Md. Ali Asraf
The ligand, N,N'-bis(salicylidine)ethylenediamine or salen (L), and its complexes 1-3 with Ni(II), Cu(II) and Mn(II) were synthesized. Various analytical methods such as microanalysis, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ESI-MS and FT-IR spectroscopy has been used to characterize the synthesized compounds. Antibacterial activity of the prepared compounds were tested against two Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillus and two Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Escherichia coli by agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial screening results indicate that the metal compounds are more biologically active than the free ligand. The variation of metal ions appears to influence their antibacterial activity toward different organisms. The mode of action of the synthesized metal complexes as antibacterial agents have also been explained.
{"title":"Metal-Salen Complexes: Structural Characterization and Antibacterial Activity","authors":"U. Salma, Md. Sohel Rana, J. Ferdous, Md. Faruk Hossen, M. Kudrat-E-Zahan, R. Zamir, Md. Ali Asraf","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i4228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i4228","url":null,"abstract":"The ligand, N,N'-bis(salicylidine)ethylenediamine or salen (L), and its complexes 1-3 with Ni(II), Cu(II) and Mn(II) were synthesized. Various analytical methods such as microanalysis, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ESI-MS and FT-IR spectroscopy has been used to characterize the synthesized compounds. Antibacterial activity of the prepared compounds were tested against two Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillus and two Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Escherichia coli by agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial screening results indicate that the metal compounds are more biologically active than the free ligand. The variation of metal ions appears to influence their antibacterial activity toward different organisms. The mode of action of the synthesized metal complexes as antibacterial agents have also been explained.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75687977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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