Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of noni oil on damaged hair.Methods: Three doses of noni oil, namely, 2, 4, and 6 g, were added to hair quality enhancers and applied to the hairs in a sample bleached at level eight. The sample was then compared with damaged hair. A color meter was used to measure the L* value to identify changes in hair brightness. In addition, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and glossiness were measured to verify improvement in damaged hair.Results: The mean L* value of the sample increased with increased oil content, which indicated a statistical difference between damaged hair and sample 8L(6). The mean tensile strengths of all the hairs in the sample bleached at level eight and with oil treatment increased when compared with those of the hairs in the untreated damaged hair cohort. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. The mean absorbance of all hairs in the sample increased when compared with that of the damaged hair, with significant differences noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample from damaged hair. Last, the mean glossiness of hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample increased with significant differences.Conclusion: Statistical analyses of the mean values between damaged hair and the hairs in the sample treated with oil revealed significant differences in brightness for the hair to which 6 g of noni oil were applied [8L(6)], tensile strength, absorbance, and glossiness. This finding indicates the effects of noni oil on damaged hair in terms of quality. Further studies using a variety of oils and natural extracts in this regard are in order.
{"title":"Effects of Noni Oil on Hair Quality","authors":"Ju-Sub Kim","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of noni oil on damaged hair.Methods: Three doses of noni oil, namely, 2, 4, and 6 g, were added to hair quality enhancers and applied to the hairs in a sample bleached at level eight. The sample was then compared with damaged hair. A color meter was used to measure the L* value to identify changes in hair brightness. In addition, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and glossiness were measured to verify improvement in damaged hair.Results: The mean L* value of the sample increased with increased oil content, which indicated a statistical difference between damaged hair and sample 8L(6). The mean tensile strengths of all the hairs in the sample bleached at level eight and with oil treatment increased when compared with those of the hairs in the untreated damaged hair cohort. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. The mean absorbance of all hairs in the sample increased when compared with that of the damaged hair, with significant differences noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample from damaged hair. Last, the mean glossiness of hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample increased with significant differences.Conclusion: Statistical analyses of the mean values between damaged hair and the hairs in the sample treated with oil revealed significant differences in brightness for the hair to which 6 g of noni oil were applied [8L(6)], tensile strength, absorbance, and glossiness. This finding indicates the effects of noni oil on damaged hair in terms of quality. Further studies using a variety of oils and natural extracts in this regard are in order.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75371755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: In this study, mixed extracts of Prunus persica L., BATSCH, Nelumbo nucifera, Hibiscus mutabilis L., Agastache rugosa, and Wolfiporia extensa (PNHAW), which are effective in improving skin wrinkles, was prepared. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cosmetic functionality of this extracts through a mouse animal model.Methods: In this study, skin wrinkle width evaluation, skin moisture content, erythema amount, melanin content measurement, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene expression level in skin tissue, and safety evaluation were performed to evaluate the wrinkle improvement cosmetic function of the experimental sample.Results: As a result of this study, the experimental sample PNHAW-4 showed the best efficacy. As a result of evaluating the skin wrinkle width, the experimental group showed 19.3% less than the control group, and the skin moisture content, erythema amount, and melanin content showed superior efficacy compared to the control group. In particular, the amount of erythema of PNHAW-4 (224.5) was inhibited by 43.2% compared to the control group (395.7), and melanin was decreased by 45.9% compared to the control group. In addition, PNHAW-4 inhibited the increase in MMP-1 activity by 38% compared to the control group. As a result of the experiment, the experimental sample showed an excellent skin wrinkle improvement effect.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the mask pack prepared from the experimental sample has an excellent collagen production promoting effect and can be applied as a safe natural wrinkle-improving cosmetic material that does not cause skin irritation.
{"title":"Prunus persica L., Nelumbo nucifera, Hibiscus mutabilis L., Agastache rugosa, Wolfiporia extensa Extracts to Improve Skin Wrinkles","authors":"Mi-jeong Choi","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0236","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In this study, mixed extracts of Prunus persica L., BATSCH, Nelumbo nucifera, Hibiscus mutabilis L., Agastache rugosa, and Wolfiporia extensa (PNHAW), which are effective in improving skin wrinkles, was prepared. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cosmetic functionality of this extracts through a mouse animal model.Methods: In this study, skin wrinkle width evaluation, skin moisture content, erythema amount, melanin content measurement, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene expression level in skin tissue, and safety evaluation were performed to evaluate the wrinkle improvement cosmetic function of the experimental sample.Results: As a result of this study, the experimental sample PNHAW-4 showed the best efficacy. As a result of evaluating the skin wrinkle width, the experimental group showed 19.3% less than the control group, and the skin moisture content, erythema amount, and melanin content showed superior efficacy compared to the control group. In particular, the amount of erythema of PNHAW-4 (224.5) was inhibited by 43.2% compared to the control group (395.7), and melanin was decreased by 45.9% compared to the control group. In addition, PNHAW-4 inhibited the increase in MMP-1 activity by 38% compared to the control group. As a result of the experiment, the experimental sample showed an excellent skin wrinkle improvement effect.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the mask pack prepared from the experimental sample has an excellent collagen production promoting effect and can be applied as a safe natural wrinkle-improving cosmetic material that does not cause skin irritation.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84773067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study aimed to verify the possibility of consumer segmentation of customized cosmetic skin diagnosis services by identifying the needs of potential customers related to their consumption value, participation level, and pursuit benefits for each type of customized cosmetic service.Methods: An online survey was conducted for 13 days in September 2020 on individuals aged at least 20 years, living in Seoul and its metropolitan area. Among 483 received responses, only 393 were used for an analysis; insufficient responses and those written by residents living outside of the included region were excluded. Data were analyzed as per frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis.Results: Findings confirmed that consumer segmentation is possible in the customized cosmetic skin diagnosis services and customized ingredients services. After analyzing the average difference of consumption value, participation level, and pursuit benefits, the monthly average purchasing cost in cosmetics showed significant differences. Participation level, consumption value, and benefits were positively correlated. Participation level affects the consumption value.Conclusion: The customized cosmetic skin diagnosis service can serve as the foundation for the skin cosmetic industry development and as part of systematic and secure skincare.
{"title":"Effects of Customized Skin Diagnosis Service on Participation-based Consumer Segmentation","authors":"Gyuwon Kim, Sungnae Lee","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0156","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to verify the possibility of consumer segmentation of customized cosmetic skin diagnosis services by identifying the needs of potential customers related to their consumption value, participation level, and pursuit benefits for each type of customized cosmetic service.Methods: An online survey was conducted for 13 days in September 2020 on individuals aged at least 20 years, living in Seoul and its metropolitan area. Among 483 received responses, only 393 were used for an analysis; insufficient responses and those written by residents living outside of the included region were excluded. Data were analyzed as per frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis.Results: Findings confirmed that consumer segmentation is possible in the customized cosmetic skin diagnosis services and customized ingredients services. After analyzing the average difference of consumption value, participation level, and pursuit benefits, the monthly average purchasing cost in cosmetics showed significant differences. Participation level, consumption value, and benefits were positively correlated. Participation level affects the consumption value.Conclusion: The customized cosmetic skin diagnosis service can serve as the foundation for the skin cosmetic industry development and as part of systematic and secure skincare.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83435993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: We evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of 21 types of fruit tea extract that are consumed in Korea. The data were analyzed and curated for the development of processed products using tea in the future.Methods: After extraction using hot water at 70℃, we analyzed the physicochemical properties including color and pH, as well as the antioxidant activity (total flavonoid content, DPPH scavenging activity, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity).Results: Calamansi tea exhibited the lowest brightness with a beet-red appearance, and a yellowness that was significantly higher in jujube and radish. The pH ranged from 3.04 to 7.18 and most samples were in an acidic state. Of these, the pH of schizandra fruit tea was the lowest at 3.04±0.01. The total flavonoid content was the highest in calamansi at 217.87±1.45 QE/g, whereas that of cacao nibs was the lowest at 29.04±0.70 QE/g. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Chinese quince was the highest at 59.96%±0.22%.Conclusion: We obtained basic data for several fruit tea extracts by analyzing the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities. We anticipate that these results will represent useful data for blending fruits for tea product development.
{"title":"Characteristics Evaluation of Commercial Fruit Tea Extracts in Korea","authors":"Ah-Ra Hwang, Myung-Ryun Han, A. Kim","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0248","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of 21 types of fruit tea extract that are consumed in Korea. The data were analyzed and curated for the development of processed products using tea in the future.Methods: After extraction using hot water at 70℃, we analyzed the physicochemical properties including color and pH, as well as the antioxidant activity (total flavonoid content, DPPH scavenging activity, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity).Results: Calamansi tea exhibited the lowest brightness with a beet-red appearance, and a yellowness that was significantly higher in jujube and radish. The pH ranged from 3.04 to 7.18 and most samples were in an acidic state. Of these, the pH of schizandra fruit tea was the lowest at 3.04±0.01. The total flavonoid content was the highest in calamansi at 217.87±1.45 QE/g, whereas that of cacao nibs was the lowest at 29.04±0.70 QE/g. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Chinese quince was the highest at 59.96%±0.22%.Conclusion: We obtained basic data for several fruit tea extracts by analyzing the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities. We anticipate that these results will represent useful data for blending fruits for tea product development.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85333317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: In a previous study, we identified the skin-whitening effect of the ethanolic extract of Padina gymnospora. The present study was performed to confirm the safety of the extract in animal replacement tests.Methods: To evaluate the safety of the extract of Padina gymnospora, the photosensitivity test (Harber test), in vitro 3T3 neutral red uptake (3T3 NRU) phototoxicity test, local lymph node assay (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), acute oral toxicity test, and reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) test were used. All experiments followed the guidelines of the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and were conducted by a GLP-certified organization (Chemon Inc.).Results: The extract of Padina gymnospora was not photosensitive: 0% photosensitization was detected (I grade: very weak). In the 3T3 NRU phototoxicity test, the relative viability of the extract-treated cells was higher than the guideline level; thus, the extract was classified as non-phototoxic. Treatment with the extract did not trigger skin irritation in the RHE test model and did not cause skin sensitization in the local lymph node assay. Finally, oral administration of the extract to rats indicated that it was not a harmful material as the LD50 was estimated at >2,000 mg/kg.Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Padina gymnospora was demonstrated to be safe when applied to the skin. Taken together with our previous study of its efficacy, we conclude that this extract has the potential for use as a cosmetic ingredient.
{"title":"Safety Assessment of Ethanolic Extract of Padina gymnospora as a Cosmetic Ingredient","authors":"H. Kang, J. Bak, H. Kim, Yun-Sik Choi","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0214","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In a previous study, we identified the skin-whitening effect of the ethanolic extract of Padina gymnospora. The present study was performed to confirm the safety of the extract in animal replacement tests.Methods: To evaluate the safety of the extract of Padina gymnospora, the photosensitivity test (Harber test), in vitro 3T3 neutral red uptake (3T3 NRU) phototoxicity test, local lymph node assay (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), acute oral toxicity test, and reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) test were used. All experiments followed the guidelines of the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and were conducted by a GLP-certified organization (Chemon Inc.).Results: The extract of Padina gymnospora was not photosensitive: 0% photosensitization was detected (I grade: very weak). In the 3T3 NRU phototoxicity test, the relative viability of the extract-treated cells was higher than the guideline level; thus, the extract was classified as non-phototoxic. Treatment with the extract did not trigger skin irritation in the RHE test model and did not cause skin sensitization in the local lymph node assay. Finally, oral administration of the extract to rats indicated that it was not a harmful material as the LD50 was estimated at >2,000 mg/kg.Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Padina gymnospora was demonstrated to be safe when applied to the skin. Taken together with our previous study of its efficacy, we conclude that this extract has the potential for use as a cosmetic ingredient.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87086469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yeon-Jim Cho, Y. Choi, Byung-Loc Kim, Mingshu Han, Hak-Sung Lee, Yong-gi Jeong
Purpose: This study was conducted to select the optimal mixing ratio (OMR) of extracts including Dendropanax, sea salt, and others from Jeollanam-do and to develop functional cosmetics that can help alleviate hair loss symptoms.Methods: Our research team determined the OMR through cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests, and confirmed the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects of the final selected OMR.Results: The cytotoxicity was low when the OMR was 0.1:1:5:1, but cell proliferation was high, and anti-inflammatory activity effectively inhibited the expression of IL–6 and iNOS. The anti-microbial activity also had an effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion: This study selected OMR (1:0.1:5:1) to develop functional cosmetics that can help alleviate hair loss symptoms. The final selection of OMR confirmed low cytotoxicity, high cell proliferation, inhibition of expression of IL–6 and iNOS, and anti-microbial activity. Therefore, it is expected to serve as a functional cosmetic that can help alleviate hair loss symptoms in the future.
{"title":"Effect of Optimal Mixing Ratio of Dendropanax, Sea Salt, and Other Extracts on the Alleviation of Hair Loss Symptoms","authors":"Yeon-Jim Cho, Y. Choi, Byung-Loc Kim, Mingshu Han, Hak-Sung Lee, Yong-gi Jeong","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0207","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study was conducted to select the optimal mixing ratio (OMR) of extracts including Dendropanax, sea salt, and others from Jeollanam-do and to develop functional cosmetics that can help alleviate hair loss symptoms.Methods: Our research team determined the OMR through cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests, and confirmed the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects of the final selected OMR.Results: The cytotoxicity was low when the OMR was 0.1:1:5:1, but cell proliferation was high, and anti-inflammatory activity effectively inhibited the expression of IL–6 and iNOS. The anti-microbial activity also had an effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion: This study selected OMR (1:0.1:5:1) to develop functional cosmetics that can help alleviate hair loss symptoms. The final selection of OMR confirmed low cytotoxicity, high cell proliferation, inhibition of expression of IL–6 and iNOS, and anti-microbial activity. Therefore, it is expected to serve as a functional cosmetic that can help alleviate hair loss symptoms in the future.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88730667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: In this study, we study to more effectively use anesthesia products used in beauty procedures following the popularization of anti-aging. Hydrogel, which contains lidocaine, is believed to be more effective in relieving pain if used in cosmetic procedures with ultrasonic waves.Methods: The availability of manufactured hydrogels and commercial gels for ultrasonic treatment was compared, and the effect on skin penetration and skin penetration due to ultrasonic limitations was evaluated based on their applicability. Usability and optimal ultrasound parameters were identified during ultrasound treatment.Results: Viscosity measurement, gelation rate, swelling, skin permeability experiment, and HPLC analysis of manufactured hydrogels all revealed properties, with skin permeability being highest at frequency 1 MHz, cycle low 200, and high 50.Conclusions: Finally, hydrogels containing lidocaine increased skin permeability during ultrasound treatment, allowing for faster targeted transdermal transmission that was more effective depending on the ultrasound parameters. As a result, it is determined that it can be used in cosmetic procedures.
{"title":"Effect of Manufacturing and Absorption Promotion of Lidocaine Hydrogel Using Ultrasonic Waves during Cosmetic Procedures","authors":"Sol Song, Hoo-Jeong Kim","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0221","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In this study, we study to more effectively use anesthesia products used in beauty procedures following the popularization of anti-aging. Hydrogel, which contains lidocaine, is believed to be more effective in relieving pain if used in cosmetic procedures with ultrasonic waves.Methods: The availability of manufactured hydrogels and commercial gels for ultrasonic treatment was compared, and the effect on skin penetration and skin penetration due to ultrasonic limitations was evaluated based on their applicability. Usability and optimal ultrasound parameters were identified during ultrasound treatment.Results: Viscosity measurement, gelation rate, swelling, skin permeability experiment, and HPLC analysis of manufactured hydrogels all revealed properties, with skin permeability being highest at frequency 1 MHz, cycle low 200, and high 50.Conclusions: Finally, hydrogels containing lidocaine increased skin permeability during ultrasound treatment, allowing for faster targeted transdermal transmission that was more effective depending on the ultrasound parameters. As a result, it is determined that it can be used in cosmetic procedures.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91365855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiwon Han, Bomi Nam, Se-Yeong Kim, Yuna Park, B. S. Lee, J. Hwang
Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint grown in the Namwon-Mt.Jiri regions as functional soothing ingredients for cosmetics.Methods: The simultaneous analysis of 19 polyphenols in 50% ethanol-extracted samples of lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint cultivated in the Namwon-Mt.Jiri regions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Using real-time PCR, improvements in skin barrier function were confirmed by observing the mRNA expression levels of filaggrin and involucrin, and the moisturizing ability was confirmed through the mRNA expression of HAS-2 and HAS-3. The anti-inflammatory efficacy was verified by confirming the expression levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO).Results: In the simultaneous analysis of 19 phenolic compounds, rosmarinic acid from lavender; chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid from lemongrass; and caffeic acid, quercitin hydrate, rosmarinic acid, and hesperetin from peppermint were identified. Antioxidant efficacy was confirmed by DPPH radical scavenging, and excellent efficacy was shown in the order of lavender, peppermint, and lemongrass. Filaggrin and involucrin, skin barrier-related genes, were increased more in lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint than in the untreated group. HAS-2 and HAS-3 were also confirmed to be increased in lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint. Lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint all showed concentration-dependent inhibition of IL-6 and NO.Conclusion: Extracts of lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint cultivated in the Namwon-Mt.Jiri regions had excellent antioxidant, skin barrier, moisturizing and anti-inflammatory effects, so may be considered for use as natural raw materials for soothing cosmetics.
{"title":"Skin Soothing Effect of Three Herbs from the Namwon-Mt.Jiri Regions","authors":"Jiwon Han, Bomi Nam, Se-Yeong Kim, Yuna Park, B. S. Lee, J. Hwang","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0219","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint grown in the Namwon-Mt.Jiri regions as functional soothing ingredients for cosmetics.Methods: The simultaneous analysis of 19 polyphenols in 50% ethanol-extracted samples of lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint cultivated in the Namwon-Mt.Jiri regions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Using real-time PCR, improvements in skin barrier function were confirmed by observing the mRNA expression levels of filaggrin and involucrin, and the moisturizing ability was confirmed through the mRNA expression of HAS-2 and HAS-3. The anti-inflammatory efficacy was verified by confirming the expression levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO).Results: In the simultaneous analysis of 19 phenolic compounds, rosmarinic acid from lavender; chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid from lemongrass; and caffeic acid, quercitin hydrate, rosmarinic acid, and hesperetin from peppermint were identified. Antioxidant efficacy was confirmed by DPPH radical scavenging, and excellent efficacy was shown in the order of lavender, peppermint, and lemongrass. Filaggrin and involucrin, skin barrier-related genes, were increased more in lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint than in the untreated group. HAS-2 and HAS-3 were also confirmed to be increased in lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint. Lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint all showed concentration-dependent inhibition of IL-6 and NO.Conclusion: Extracts of lavender, lemongrass, and peppermint cultivated in the Namwon-Mt.Jiri regions had excellent antioxidant, skin barrier, moisturizing and anti-inflammatory effects, so may be considered for use as natural raw materials for soothing cosmetics.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74494464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of job stress on job satisfaction and quality of life of beauty-related workers.Methods: Data were collected from beautyrelated workers, and 358 surveys were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. Analysis methods included factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and mediation regression analysis.Results: First, respondents were generally female, unmarried, 20–29 years old, had college or graduate school education, were hairdressers, and had a monthly average income of less than 2 million won. Second, the analysis of descriptive statistics and correlations between job stress, job satisfaction, and quality of life showed a statistically significant negative correlation with job satisfaction and quality of life for each sub-factor of job stress. Job satisfaction was found to have a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with quality of life. Third, job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between job stress and quality of life as well as the relationship between role-related stress, home-related stress, and quality of life. The relationship between interpersonal stress, reward-related stress, and quality of life of job stress is full mediation.Conclusion: The efficient management of beauty-related workers’ job stress improves their job satisfaction and quality of life. Therefore, for managing each job’s stress factor, creating a manual appropriate to that type of beauty-related workplace will be helpful.
{"title":"Effect of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction and Quality of Life of Beauty-Related Workers","authors":"Aei－Kyung Kim","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0217","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study investigated the effect of job stress on job satisfaction and quality of life of beauty-related workers.Methods: Data were collected from beautyrelated workers, and 358 surveys were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. Analysis methods included factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and mediation regression analysis.Results: First, respondents were generally female, unmarried, 20–29 years old, had college or graduate school education, were hairdressers, and had a monthly average income of less than 2 million won. Second, the analysis of descriptive statistics and correlations between job stress, job satisfaction, and quality of life showed a statistically significant negative correlation with job satisfaction and quality of life for each sub-factor of job stress. Job satisfaction was found to have a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with quality of life. Third, job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between job stress and quality of life as well as the relationship between role-related stress, home-related stress, and quality of life. The relationship between interpersonal stress, reward-related stress, and quality of life of job stress is full mediation.Conclusion: The efficient management of beauty-related workers’ job stress improves their job satisfaction and quality of life. Therefore, for managing each job’s stress factor, creating a manual appropriate to that type of beauty-related workplace will be helpful.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76869304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yerin Je, S. An, Hyangseon Ro, Ja-Yong Cho, S. Bae
Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of the mixed essential oils containing sweet orange, lavender, and amyris (MEO) on human electroencephalogram (EEG) activity.Methods: EEG activity was recorded by examining the sequence of brain waves of 20 adults, aged from 20 to 30, before and during inhaling the mixed essential oils.Results: MEO showed activity centered on the frontal lobe, which is responsible for higher-order functions against external stimuli, and this result indicated that the oils acted as an intellectual effect. Additional experiments showed that the brain was relaxed and stabilized through a decrease in the absolute slow alpha (ASA) and the relative slow alpha (RSA), a decrease in the absolute beta (AB) and the absolute high beta (AHB), and an increase in the spectral edge frequency 50% of alpha (ASEF), respectively. Also, the oils induced the awakening states of the brain with a decrease in the absolute alpha (AA) and the absolute theta (AT), and increase of the spectral edge frequency 50% (SEF50). Furthermore, it was possible to confirm the state of brain immersion through the increase in the absolute fast alpha (AFA), relative fast alpha (RFA), relative mid beta (RMB), ratio of mid beta to theta (RMT), ratio of SMR to theta (RSMT), relative gamma (RG) and the spectral edge frequency 90% (SEF90).Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the inhaling of MEO affect the brain to be a good condition and improves its concentration ability.
{"title":"Effects of the Essential Oils of Sweet Orange, Lavender and Amyris on EEG Activity","authors":"Yerin Je, S. An, Hyangseon Ro, Ja-Yong Cho, S. Bae","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0235","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of the mixed essential oils containing sweet orange, lavender, and amyris (MEO) on human electroencephalogram (EEG) activity.Methods: EEG activity was recorded by examining the sequence of brain waves of 20 adults, aged from 20 to 30, before and during inhaling the mixed essential oils.Results: MEO showed activity centered on the frontal lobe, which is responsible for higher-order functions against external stimuli, and this result indicated that the oils acted as an intellectual effect. Additional experiments showed that the brain was relaxed and stabilized through a decrease in the absolute slow alpha (ASA) and the relative slow alpha (RSA), a decrease in the absolute beta (AB) and the absolute high beta (AHB), and an increase in the spectral edge frequency 50% of alpha (ASEF), respectively. Also, the oils induced the awakening states of the brain with a decrease in the absolute alpha (AA) and the absolute theta (AT), and increase of the spectral edge frequency 50% (SEF50). Furthermore, it was possible to confirm the state of brain immersion through the increase in the absolute fast alpha (AFA), relative fast alpha (RFA), relative mid beta (RMB), ratio of mid beta to theta (RMT), ratio of SMR to theta (RSMT), relative gamma (RG) and the spectral edge frequency 90% (SEF90).Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the inhaling of MEO affect the brain to be a good condition and improves its concentration ability.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89299653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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