Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1132
A. Orlunta, S. Sokari
A study on terrestrial background ionization radiation was carried out around active selected telecommunications sites in Port Harcourt. This study was done using Radalert 100 and the geographical position system (GPS). The exposure rate ranged from 0.033 to 0.141 with a mean value of 0.123±0.20 (mR/h) which is lower than the acceptable limit of 0.0133 (mR/h). The absorbed dose ranged from 287.1 nG/h to 1226.7 nGy/hr with a mean value of 1066.64±1769.6 nGy/hr, which is quite higher than the acceptable limit of 89.0 nGy/h. The annual effective dose ranged between 0.44 and 1.88 mSv/y, with a mean value of 1.642.7 mSv/y which is quite higher than the safe limit of 1.0 mSv/y. The excess lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) varied from 1.54 x10-3 to 6.58x10-3 with a mean value of 5. 72±9.5 mSv/y. The result from this study is higher than the acceptable limit of 0.29 x10-3 as recommended by UNSCEAR. This means that people living within these areas may be exposed to cancer in later life. The effective dose of the various organs (ED Organs) are within the recommended safe limit of ICRP. The testes and the bone marrow are the most sensitive to radiation with the percentage distribution of 18.0% and 16.0%. Since the Annual effective dose, absorbed dose, and excess lifetime cancer risk are higher than the world standard, the chances of contracting cancer related illnesses are significant. It is recommended that monitoring of the exposure rate to ionizing radiation within the environment should be carried out. Also, individuals should on regular basis request for specific organ dose test.
{"title":"Terrestrial Radiation of Some Selected Active Telecommunication Sites in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Orlunta, S. Sokari","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1132","url":null,"abstract":"A study on terrestrial background ionization radiation was carried out around active selected telecommunications sites in Port Harcourt. This study was done using Radalert 100 and the geographical position system (GPS). The exposure rate ranged from 0.033 to 0.141 with a mean value of 0.123±0.20 (mR/h) which is lower than the acceptable limit of 0.0133 (mR/h). The absorbed dose ranged from 287.1 nG/h to 1226.7 nGy/hr with a mean value of 1066.64±1769.6 nGy/hr, which is quite higher than the acceptable limit of 89.0 nGy/h. The annual effective dose ranged between 0.44 and 1.88 mSv/y, with a mean value of 1.642.7 mSv/y which is quite higher than the safe limit of 1.0 mSv/y. The excess lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) varied from 1.54 x10-3 to 6.58x10-3 with a mean value of 5. 72±9.5 mSv/y. The result from this study is higher than the acceptable limit of 0.29 x10-3 as recommended by UNSCEAR. This means that people living within these areas may be exposed to cancer in later life. The effective dose of the various organs (ED Organs) are within the recommended safe limit of ICRP. The testes and the bone marrow are the most sensitive to radiation with the percentage distribution of 18.0% and 16.0%. Since the Annual effective dose, absorbed dose, and excess lifetime cancer risk are higher than the world standard, the chances of contracting cancer related illnesses are significant. It is recommended that monitoring of the exposure rate to ionizing radiation within the environment should be carried out. Also, individuals should on regular basis request for specific organ dose test.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73104341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1131
A. Mamadalimov, N. Khakimova, Sh. M. Norbekov, F. Nazarov
The main objective of the research was to identify the semiconducting characteristics of mature medium-thick (diameter 14, 15 µm) "Xorazm-150" cotton fibers both undoped and doped with 1.5% aqueous solution of KMnO4, including current versus voltage and temperature dependence, temperature dependence of electrical conductivity, the influence of doping time on conductivity, and photoconductivity. The research was conducted in the temperature range (296-360 K) and the voltage range (0-100 V). The infrared spectra of the undoped and KMnO4-doped samples were studied (Both samples were mercilized with NaOH). It was found that the cotton fibers sample doped with KMnO4 had considerably higher electrical conductivity than the undoped sample. It was determined that the cotton fibers sample doped with KMnO4 obeys the law of Ohm when current flows through it. Also, it was analyzed that the formation of photoconductivity of the cotton fibers sample doped with KMnO4 under the influence of ultraviolet radiation indicates that the photoconductivity is mainly related to the formation of band electron-hole pairs. The deep surface created by doping cotton fibers with a 1.5% solution of KMnO4 in water was found to have an activation energy that was determined from the results.
{"title":"Study on Electrophysical Properties in KMnO4-Doped Grade \"Xorazm-150\" Cotton Fibers","authors":"A. Mamadalimov, N. Khakimova, Sh. M. Norbekov, F. Nazarov","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1131","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the research was to identify the semiconducting characteristics of mature medium-thick (diameter 14, 15 µm) \"Xorazm-150\" cotton fibers both undoped and doped with 1.5% aqueous solution of KMnO4, including current versus voltage and temperature dependence, temperature dependence of electrical conductivity, the influence of doping time on conductivity, and photoconductivity. The research was conducted in the temperature range (296-360 K) and the voltage range (0-100 V). The infrared spectra of the undoped and KMnO4-doped samples were studied (Both samples were mercilized with NaOH). It was found that the cotton fibers sample doped with KMnO4 had considerably higher electrical conductivity than the undoped sample. It was determined that the cotton fibers sample doped with KMnO4 obeys the law of Ohm when current flows through it. Also, it was analyzed that the formation of photoconductivity of the cotton fibers sample doped with KMnO4 under the influence of ultraviolet radiation indicates that the photoconductivity is mainly related to the formation of band electron-hole pairs. The deep surface created by doping cotton fibers with a 1.5% solution of KMnO4 in water was found to have an activation energy that was determined from the results.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89419315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1130
C. Emeruwa, U. J. Ekah
To analyze a harmonically Van der Pol oscillator, this work used a combination of graphs, time steps distribution, adaptive time steps Runge-Kutta, and fourth order algorithms. The goal is to examine the performance of third and fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithms in finding chaotic solutions for a harmonically excited Van der Pol oscillator. Fourth-order algorithms favor larger time steps and are thus faster to execute than third-order algorithms in all circumstances studied. The accuracy of the data acquired with third order is worth the longer overall computation time steps period reported
{"title":"Time Steps Distribution in Numerical Technique: A Comparative Analysis of Third and Fourth Order Runge-kutta Algorithms","authors":"C. Emeruwa, U. J. Ekah","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1130","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze a harmonically Van der Pol oscillator, this work used a combination of graphs, time steps distribution, adaptive time steps Runge-Kutta, and fourth order algorithms. The goal is to examine the performance of third and fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithms in finding chaotic solutions for a harmonically excited Van der Pol oscillator. Fourth-order algorithms favor larger time steps and are thus faster to execute than third-order algorithms in all circumstances studied. The accuracy of the data acquired with third order is worth the longer overall computation time steps period reported","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79310453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1129
Emmanuel Obi, Ukoette Jeremiah Ekah, Igwe Ewona
This research involves the assessment of noise levels in pubs operating in Calabar, Nigeria, to investigate their compliance with the permissible noise level recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria. A Bam and Kom (BK) Precision 732 digital sound level meter placed on a tripod was used for the measurement of noise levels for three consecutive months, from 6:00pm to 10:00pm. The measured data were subjected to descriptive statistics using excel spreadsheet and the results were presented in the forms of graphs, bar chart and in tabular form. Average equivalent noise level obtained for pubs A, B, C, D and E were 86.5dB, 75.7dB, 75.9dB, 90.0dB and 81.9dB, respectively. Results show that all the pubs under study were in excess of the permissible noise level recommended by NESREA.
这项研究包括对尼日利亚卡拉巴尔经营的酒吧的噪音水平进行评估，以调查它们是否符合尼日利亚国家环境标准和法规执行机构(NESREA)建议的允许噪音水平。Bam and Kom (BK)精密732数字声级计放置在三脚架上，连续三个月测量噪声水平，从下午6点到晚上10点。测量数据采用excel电子表格进行描述性统计，结果以图形、条形图和表格的形式呈现。酒馆A、B、C、D和E的平均等效噪声水平分别为86.5dB、75.7dB、75.9dB、90.0dB和81.9dB。结果显示，所有受调查的酒吧均超过NESREA建议的容许噪音水平。
{"title":"Measurement and Analysis of Noise Levels: A Study of Selected Pubs in Calabar, Nigeria","authors":"Emmanuel Obi, Ukoette Jeremiah Ekah, Igwe Ewona","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2023/v7i1129","url":null,"abstract":"This research involves the assessment of noise levels in pubs operating in Calabar, Nigeria, to investigate their compliance with the permissible noise level recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria. A Bam and Kom (BK) Precision 732 digital sound level meter placed on a tripod was used for the measurement of noise levels for three consecutive months, from 6:00pm to 10:00pm. The measured data were subjected to descriptive statistics using excel spreadsheet and the results were presented in the forms of graphs, bar chart and in tabular form. Average equivalent noise level obtained for pubs A, B, C, D and E were 86.5dB, 75.7dB, 75.9dB, 90.0dB and 81.9dB, respectively. Results show that all the pubs under study were in excess of the permissible noise level recommended by NESREA.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135405722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4127
Lena J-T Strömberg, Ali Benhmidène
The paper concerns experiments and quantitative modelling for sub-power in electricity and the response of plants to such actions. Electric components attached to and integrated in pot plant batteries were constructed and tested. Magnification of power was obtained, for cupper-coils attached to an Al-foil-drum. A model with Hamiltonian dynamics gives a phase space with several energies as the system sub-divides into increased frequencies and amplitudes.
{"title":"Evaluation of Coil-Induction, Foil-Capacity and Growth in Pot Plant Batteries","authors":"Lena J-T Strömberg, Ali Benhmidène","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4127","url":null,"abstract":"The paper concerns experiments and quantitative modelling for sub-power in electricity and the response of plants to such actions. Electric components attached to and integrated in pot plant batteries were constructed and tested. Magnification of power was obtained, for cupper-coils attached to an Al-foil-drum. A model with Hamiltonian dynamics gives a phase space with several energies as the system sub-divides into increased frequencies and amplitudes.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72730105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4125
E. Obi, U. J. Ekah, Igwe O. Ewona
This research involves the assessment of noise levels in pubs operating in Calabar, Nigeria, to investigate their compliance with the permissible noise level recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria. A Bam and Kom (BK) Precision 732 digital sound level meter placed on a tripod was used for the measurement of noise levels for three consecutive months, from 6:00pm to 10:00pm. The measured data were subjected to descriptive statistics using excel spreadsheet and the results were presented in the forms of graphs, bar chart and in tabular form. Average equivalent noise level obtained for pubs A, B, C, D and E were 86.5dB, 75.7dB, 75.9dB, 90.0dB and 81.9dB, respectively. Results show that all the pubs under study were in excess of the permissible noise level recommended by NESREA.
这项研究包括对尼日利亚卡拉巴尔经营的酒吧的噪音水平进行评估，以调查它们是否符合尼日利亚国家环境标准和法规执行机构(NESREA)建议的允许噪音水平。Bam and Kom (BK)精密732数字声级计放置在三脚架上，连续三个月测量噪声水平，从下午6点到晚上10点。测量数据采用excel电子表格进行描述性统计，结果以图形、条形图和表格的形式呈现。酒馆A、B、C、D和E的平均等效噪声水平分别为86.5dB、75.7dB、75.9dB、90.0dB和81.9dB。结果显示，所有受调查的酒吧均超过NESREA建议的容许噪音水平。
{"title":"Measurement and Analysis of Noise Levels: A Study of Selected Pubs in Calabar, Nigeria","authors":"E. Obi, U. J. Ekah, Igwe O. Ewona","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4125","url":null,"abstract":"This research involves the assessment of noise levels in pubs operating in Calabar, Nigeria, to investigate their compliance with the permissible noise level recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria. A Bam and Kom (BK) Precision 732 digital sound level meter placed on a tripod was used for the measurement of noise levels for three consecutive months, from 6:00pm to 10:00pm. The measured data were subjected to descriptive statistics using excel spreadsheet and the results were presented in the forms of graphs, bar chart and in tabular form. Average equivalent noise level obtained for pubs A, B, C, D and E were 86.5dB, 75.7dB, 75.9dB, 90.0dB and 81.9dB, respectively. Results show that all the pubs under study were in excess of the permissible noise level recommended by NESREA.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86033387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4128
R. Jayapal, C. Anilkumar, K. Unnikrishnan, C. Venugopal
A widely used measure of entropy to quantify uncertainity in an open system is the Boltzmann-Gibbs (B-G) entropy. It, however, cannot describe non-equilibrium systems with large variability and multi-fractality. A generalisation of the B - G entropy is the Tsallis’ entropy. The values of the horizontal components of the Earth’s magnetic field, observed at various stations in India in 2002 were used. During the years 2000 – 2002, solar cycle 23 reached its maximum. Data from Ettaiyapuram (ETT, latitude = 90 10’ N, longitude = 780 01’ E, geomagnetic latitude = 0.130 N), Visakhapatnam (VIS, 170 41’ N, 830 19’ E, 8.170 N), Hyderabad (HYD, 170 25’ N, 780 33’ E, 8.170 N), Alibag (ABG, 180 37’ N, 720 52’ E, 10.020 N) and Tirunelveli (TVI, 80 42’ N, 770 48’ E, 0.320 S) were used. Using these values as inputs, we demonstrate that Tsallis’ entropy can be used to detect minor differences in the horizontal components of the geomagnetic field observed between different pairs of stations. The method is a very simple and elegant one to detect minor variations between pairs of similar signals.
{"title":"Tsallis’ Analysis of the Horizontal Component of the Earth’s Magnetic Field over India during 2002","authors":"R. Jayapal, C. Anilkumar, K. Unnikrishnan, C. Venugopal","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4128","url":null,"abstract":"A widely used measure of entropy to quantify uncertainity in an open system is the Boltzmann-Gibbs (B-G) entropy. It, however, cannot describe non-equilibrium systems with large variability and multi-fractality. A generalisation of the B - G entropy is the Tsallis’ entropy. The values of the horizontal components of the Earth’s magnetic field, observed at various stations in India in 2002 were used. During the years 2000 – 2002, solar cycle 23 reached its maximum. Data from Ettaiyapuram (ETT, latitude = 90 10’ N, longitude = 780 01’ E, geomagnetic latitude = 0.130 N), Visakhapatnam (VIS, 170 41’ N, 830 19’ E, 8.170 N), Hyderabad (HYD, 170 25’ N, 780 33’ E, 8.170 N), Alibag (ABG, 180 37’ N, 720 52’ E, 10.020 N) and Tirunelveli (TVI, 80 42’ N, 770 48’ E, 0.320 S) were used. Using these values as inputs, we demonstrate that Tsallis’ entropy can be used to detect minor differences in the horizontal components of the geomagnetic field observed between different pairs of stations. The method is a very simple and elegant one to detect minor variations between pairs of similar signals.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89113986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4126
I. Kikuchi, Akihito Kikuchi
In this article, we demonstrate the first-principles computation of quantum chemistry through symbolic computation, using computational algebraic geometry. We generate symbolic formulas of one- and twoelectron integrals. The approximations of those integrals by multivariate polynomials yield the set of equations required by quantum chemistry. We solve these equations in hybrid ways where numeric and symbolic computations are intertwined. Thereby polynomials are converted into the Gronber basis; and it is decomposed to the primary ideals (each of which represents a quantum state). The primary ideals are equipped with triangular forms, which allows us to evaluate the roots robustly.
{"title":"Ab-initio Quantum Chemistry Through Computer Algebra","authors":"I. Kikuchi, Akihito Kikuchi","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4126","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we demonstrate the first-principles computation of quantum chemistry through symbolic computation, using computational algebraic geometry. We generate symbolic formulas of one- and twoelectron integrals. The approximations of those integrals by multivariate polynomials yield the set of equations required by quantum chemistry. We solve these equations in hybrid ways where numeric and symbolic computations are intertwined. Thereby polynomials are converted into the Gronber basis; and it is decomposed to the primary ideals (each of which represents a quantum state). The primary ideals are equipped with triangular forms, which allows us to evaluate the roots robustly.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80471011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4124
E. Hemba, T. Ikyumbur, E. A. Trisma, F. Gbaorun, F. Aungwa
The cohesive energies of 3-dimensional (3-D) topological insulators bismuth antimony (BiSb) and bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) were calculated. The Fritz Haber Institute Ab-initio molecular simulations (FHI-aims) code was employed for this calculation. The output files of the FHI-aims code were used during the computation and the total energies at each number of iterations for single free atoms and bulk were then calculated. The results from this work revealed that bismuth atom becomes stable at 3rd iteration meanwhile both selenium and antimony atoms gain stability at the 5th iteration. The results also showed that bismuth antimony acquire stability at the 3rd iteration and bismuth selenide gain stability at 9th iteration. This implies that among the free atoms studied in this work bismuth atom is more stable and for the bulk bismuth antimony is more stable. The cohesive energies of BiSb and Bi2Se3 were calculated using the optimized parameters. The results obtained from the calculation of the cohesive energies in this work were 1.02eV and 1.76eV for BiSb and Bi2Se3 respectively. This results compared reasonably well with experimental results and have little percentage errors of 1.30% for bismuth antimony and 29.55% for bismuth selenide. The deviation observed in this work may be due to the DFT calculation of the solid rather than the atoms themselves.
{"title":"Calculation of Cohesive Energies of 3-D Bismuth Selenide (Bi2Se3) and Bismuth Antimony BiSb Topological Insulators: DFT Study","authors":"E. Hemba, T. Ikyumbur, E. A. Trisma, F. Gbaorun, F. Aungwa","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4124","url":null,"abstract":"The cohesive energies of 3-dimensional (3-D) topological insulators bismuth antimony (BiSb) and bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) were calculated. The Fritz Haber Institute Ab-initio molecular simulations (FHI-aims) code was employed for this calculation. The output files of the FHI-aims code were used during the computation and the total energies at each number of iterations for single free atoms and bulk were then calculated. The results from this work revealed that bismuth atom becomes stable at 3rd iteration meanwhile both selenium and antimony atoms gain stability at the 5th iteration. The results also showed that bismuth antimony acquire stability at the 3rd iteration and bismuth selenide gain stability at 9th iteration. This implies that among the free atoms studied in this work bismuth atom is more stable and for the bulk bismuth antimony is more stable. The cohesive energies of BiSb and Bi2Se3 were calculated using the optimized parameters. The results obtained from the calculation of the cohesive energies in this work were 1.02eV and 1.76eV for BiSb and Bi2Se3 respectively. This results compared reasonably well with experimental results and have little percentage errors of 1.30% for bismuth antimony and 29.55% for bismuth selenide. The deviation observed in this work may be due to the DFT calculation of the solid rather than the atoms themselves.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77300430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4123
Mani Tsoho, A. B. Ahmed, A. Musa, Mansur Said
Thin films of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) have gained a great deal of interest due to their potential applications in solar cells. Deposition of CdS and CdTe thin films were performed on Soda Lime glass and FTO substrate at 400℃ and 300℃ respectively using spray pyrolysis technique. The Hall Effect property was measured for the deposited CdS and CdTe films. These results shows the resistivity and mobility of CdS films deposited at 400℃ were 1.588×104 Ωcm and 5.619×102 cm2/Vs, respectively, The annealed CdTe thin film had a resistivity value of 1.016×104 Ωcm, while the annealed and etched CdTe thin film had a resistivity value of 4.52×104 Ωcm, The resultant films are observed to be good to make a solar cell with CdS as a window layer and CdTe as absorber layer.
{"title":"Electrical Characterization of Chemically Grown CdS and CdTe Thin Films for Solar Cell Application","authors":"Mani Tsoho, A. B. Ahmed, A. Musa, Mansur Said","doi":"10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2022/v6i4123","url":null,"abstract":"Thin films of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) have gained a great deal of interest due to their potential applications in solar cells. Deposition of CdS and CdTe thin films were performed on Soda Lime glass and FTO substrate at 400℃ and 300℃ respectively using spray pyrolysis technique. The Hall Effect property was measured for the deposited CdS and CdTe films. These results shows the resistivity and mobility of CdS films deposited at 400℃ were 1.588×104 Ωcm and 5.619×102 cm2/Vs, respectively, The annealed CdTe thin film had a resistivity value of 1.016×104 Ωcm, while the annealed and etched CdTe thin film had a resistivity value of 4.52×104 Ωcm, The resultant films are observed to be good to make a solar cell with CdS as a window layer and CdTe as absorber layer.","PeriodicalId":8529,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86945218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：