Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104411
Jiale Zhang , Jingkai He , Jieqiong Hu , Yunxin Ji , Zhongze Lou
Depression is a common clinical mental disorder characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia. It has become a major global public health issue due to its complex etiology and unclear mechanisms, resulting in limited diagnostic and therapeutic options. Recent studies indicate that dysbiosis of gut microbiota is closely related to the onset and progression of depression. This article systematically reviews the recent research on the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' (MGBA), exploring the role and mechanisms of gut microbiota in preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, it discusses the potential of modulating gut microbiota as a promising therapeutic approach for depression and suggests future research directions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for research and clinical management of depression.
{"title":"Exploring the role of gut microbiota in depression: Pathogenesis and therapeutic insights","authors":"Jiale Zhang , Jingkai He , Jieqiong Hu , Yunxin Ji , Zhongze Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a common clinical mental disorder characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia. It has become a major global public health issue due to its complex etiology and unclear mechanisms, resulting in limited diagnostic and therapeutic options. Recent studies indicate that dysbiosis of gut microbiota is closely related to the onset and progression of depression. This article systematically reviews the recent research on the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' (MGBA), exploring the role and mechanisms of gut microbiota in preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, it discusses the potential of modulating gut microbiota as a promising therapeutic approach for depression and suggests future research directions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for research and clinical management of depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104408
Zhuo-Hui Huang , Ming Chen , Xiao-Yan He , Ye Ye , Ying-Hua Huang , Katherine Lucente , Shi-Bin Wang , Chuan Huang , Fu-jun Jia , Cai-Lan Hou
The existing evidence regarding structural neuroimaging alternations during the premorbid and prodromal stages of psychosis remains limited and inconsistent. Gaining a deeper insight into the morphological brain variations could potentially advance the early diagnosis of high-risk individuals for psychosis, thereby offering a clearer understanding of the underlying mechanisms that lead to the progression towards mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia. In our study, we conducted comprehensive face-to-face clinical interviews, psychiatric symptom assessments, and neurocognitive evaluation for 25 first-episode patients with schizophrenia (FEP), 35 first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients (FDR), and 22 healthy controls (HC). We also collected structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data for all participants. The results demonstrated that the FEP group experienced the most severe clinical symptoms, the lowest global function, and the poorest neurocognitive function, followed by the FDR and HC groups. FEP group exhibited significant reductions in the surface area, cortical thickness, or volume of the right cuneus cortex, bilateral entorhinal cortex, left para-hippocampal gyrus, bilateral temporal pole, and right insula cortex compared to the FDR and HC groups. However, no significant difference in surface area, cortical thickness, and volume of all the regions of interest (ROIs) were found between the FDR group and HC group. To conclude, neurocognitive decline and gray matter reduction could serve as neuroimaging biomarkers for the onset and progression of psychosis. It is imperative to conduct further comprehensive researches to identify additional promising biomarkers, which will facilitate the early detection and intervention for individuals at risk of developing psychosis.
{"title":"Structural neuroimaging abnormality and neurocognitive deficit in the first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients (FDR) compared to the first-episode patients with schizophrenia (FEP) and healthy controls","authors":"Zhuo-Hui Huang , Ming Chen , Xiao-Yan He , Ye Ye , Ying-Hua Huang , Katherine Lucente , Shi-Bin Wang , Chuan Huang , Fu-jun Jia , Cai-Lan Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The existing evidence regarding structural neuroimaging alternations during the premorbid and prodromal stages of psychosis remains limited and inconsistent. Gaining a deeper insight into the morphological brain variations could potentially advance the early diagnosis of high-risk individuals for psychosis, thereby offering a clearer understanding of the underlying mechanisms that lead to the progression towards mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia. In our study, we conducted comprehensive face-to-face clinical interviews, psychiatric symptom assessments, and neurocognitive evaluation for 25 first-episode patients with schizophrenia (FEP), 35 first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients (FDR), and 22 healthy controls (HC). We also collected structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data for all participants. The results demonstrated that the FEP group experienced the most severe clinical symptoms, the lowest global function, and the poorest neurocognitive function, followed by the FDR and HC groups. FEP group exhibited significant reductions in the surface area, cortical thickness, or volume of the right cuneus cortex, bilateral entorhinal cortex, left para-hippocampal gyrus, bilateral temporal pole, and right insula cortex compared to the FDR and HC groups. However, no significant difference in surface area, cortical thickness, and volume of all the regions of interest (ROIs) were found between the FDR group and HC group. To conclude, neurocognitive decline and gray matter reduction could serve as neuroimaging biomarkers for the onset and progression of psychosis. It is imperative to conduct further comprehensive researches to identify additional promising biomarkers, which will facilitate the early detection and intervention for individuals at risk of developing psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104410
Dalmacito A. Cordero Jr.
{"title":"Exploring the mental health of adolescents in the Philippines","authors":"Dalmacito A. Cordero Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104405
M. Subramaniam , JA Vaingankar , B. Tan , E. Abdin , S. Chang , YWB Tan , E. Samari , S. Archana , YC Chua , JK Lee , C. Tang , YP Lee , SA Chong , SK Verma
Youth is a period of transition associated with immense biological, physical, and social changes, which increases the vulnerability to mental illnesses. The study aimed to establish the prevalence of severe and extremely severe levels of depression and anxiety symptoms among the youths in Singapore and identify the psycho-social factors associated with them. The National Youth Mental Health Study was a cross-sectional epidemiological study of Singapore Residents aged 15–35 years. The youths self-administered the survey on tablets containing the programmed questionnaires. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales Short Form (DASS-21) was used to assess youths’ mental health. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to examine the socio-demographic correlates and to identify factors associated with psychological distress. The prevalence of severe and extremely severe symptoms of depression was 14.9 % among youths in Singapore. Severe and extremely severe levels of depression symptoms were highest among those in the age group of 20–24 years (20.9 %). The prevalence of severe and extremely severe levels of anxiety symptoms among youths in Singapore was 27.0 %. The prevalence was significantly higher among females (28.9 %) than males (25.0 %). Severe and extremely severe symptoms of anxiety were highest among those in the age group of 20–24 years (34.1 %). Body shape concerns, daily smoking, and self-esteem were significantly associated with severe and extremely severe symptoms of depression and anxiety. The high prevalence of severe and extremely severe levels of depression and anxiety highlights the need for comprehensive and accessible mental health services tailored to the unique challenges faced by youths.
{"title":"Examining psychological distress among youth in Singapore: Insights from the National Youth Mental Health Study","authors":"M. Subramaniam , JA Vaingankar , B. Tan , E. Abdin , S. Chang , YWB Tan , E. Samari , S. Archana , YC Chua , JK Lee , C. Tang , YP Lee , SA Chong , SK Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Youth is a period of transition associated with immense biological, physical, and social changes, which increases the vulnerability to mental illnesses. The study aimed to establish the prevalence of severe and extremely severe levels of depression and anxiety symptoms among the youths in Singapore and identify the psycho-social factors associated with them. The National Youth Mental Health Study was a cross-sectional epidemiological study of Singapore Residents aged 15–35 years. The youths self-administered the survey on tablets containing the programmed questionnaires. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales Short Form (DASS-21) was used to assess youths’ mental health. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to examine the socio-demographic correlates and to identify factors associated with psychological distress. The prevalence of severe and extremely severe symptoms of depression was 14.9 % among youths in Singapore. Severe and extremely severe levels of depression symptoms were highest among those in the age group of 20–24 years (20.9 %). The prevalence of severe and extremely severe levels of anxiety symptoms among youths in Singapore was 27.0 %. The prevalence was significantly higher among females (28.9 %) than males (25.0 %). Severe and extremely severe symptoms of anxiety were highest among those in the age group of 20–24 years (34.1 %). Body shape concerns, daily smoking, and self-esteem were significantly associated with severe and extremely severe symptoms of depression and anxiety. The high prevalence of severe and extremely severe levels of depression and anxiety highlights the need for comprehensive and accessible mental health services tailored to the unique challenges faced by youths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104395
Cheng-Che Chen , Justin A. Chen , Chih-Sung Liang , Yu-Hsuan Lin
This study examines the capacity of six large language models (LLMs)—GPT-4o, GPT-o1, DeepSeek-R1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Sonar Large (LLaMA-3.1), and Gemma-2-2b—to detect risks of domestic violence, suicide, and filicide-suicide in the Taiwanese flash fiction “Barbecue”. The story, narrated by a six-year-old girl, depicts family tension and subtle cues of potential filicide-suicide through charcoal-burning, a culturally recognized method in Taiwan. Each model was tasked with interpreting the story’s risks, with roles simulating different mental health expertise levels. Results showed that all models detected domestic violence; however, only GPT-o1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Sonar Large identified the risk of suicide based on cultural cues. GPT-4o, DeepSeek-R1 and Gemma-2-2b missed the suicide risk, interpreting the mother’s isolation as merely a psychological response. Notably, none of the models comprehended the cultural context behind the mother sparing her daughter, reflecting a gap in LLMs' understanding of non-Western sociocultural nuances. These findings highlight the limitations of LLMs in addressing culturally embedded risks, essential for effective mental health assessments
{"title":"Large language models may struggle to detect culturally embedded filicide-suicide risks","authors":"Cheng-Che Chen , Justin A. Chen , Chih-Sung Liang , Yu-Hsuan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the capacity of six large language models (LLMs)—GPT-4o, GPT-o1, DeepSeek-R1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Sonar Large (LLaMA-3.1), and Gemma-2-2b—to detect risks of domestic violence, suicide, and filicide-suicide in the Taiwanese flash fiction “Barbecue”. The story, narrated by a six-year-old girl, depicts family tension and subtle cues of potential filicide-suicide through charcoal-burning, a culturally recognized method in Taiwan. Each model was tasked with interpreting the story’s risks, with roles simulating different mental health expertise levels. Results showed that all models detected domestic violence; however, only GPT-o1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Sonar Large identified the risk of suicide based on cultural cues. GPT-4o, DeepSeek-R1 and Gemma-2-2b missed the suicide risk, interpreting the mother’s isolation as merely a psychological response. Notably, none of the models comprehended the cultural context behind the mother sparing her daughter, reflecting a gap in LLMs' understanding of non-Western sociocultural nuances. These findings highlight the limitations of LLMs in addressing culturally embedded risks, essential for effective mental health assessments</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104394
Hong Wang Fung , Chak Hei Ocean Huang , Cherry Tin Yan Cheung , Po-Han Chou , Masaya Ito
Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) usually have other psychiatric comorbidities. This study analyzed data from a national survey in Japan (N = 1005 trauma-exposed adults) and examined co-occurring dissociation and substance abuse in patients with probable PTSD. Participants completed standardized screening measures of PTSD, dissociative symptoms, and substance abuse at baseline (T1), and then reported their levels of substance abuse again after 3 months (T2). Of participants who screened for PTSD at T1 (n = 639), 36.1 % reported dissociative symptoms, and 61.8 % reported substance abuse in the past two weeks. Participants with dissociative PTSD had significantly higher levels of substance abuse at both T1 and T2 than their non-dissociative counterparts. T1 dissociative symptoms significantly predicted T2 substance abuse (β =.075, p = .006). Dissociative symptoms also moderated the effects of T1 PTSD symptoms on T2 substance abuse. This study provides first data regarding the prevalence of dissociative symptoms and substance abuse among Japanese adults with PTSD. We also found that people with dissociative PTSD were more prone to subsequent substance abuse problems. Early screening for dissociative symptoms among people with PTSD is important. Future studies are needed to investigate the neural mechanisms behind dissociation and substance abuse.
{"title":"Dissociation and substance abuse among people with PTSD: Results from the National Survey for Stress and Health in Japan","authors":"Hong Wang Fung , Chak Hei Ocean Huang , Cherry Tin Yan Cheung , Po-Han Chou , Masaya Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) usually have other psychiatric comorbidities. This study analyzed data from a national survey in Japan (N = 1005 trauma-exposed adults) and examined co-occurring dissociation and substance abuse in patients with probable PTSD. Participants completed standardized screening measures of PTSD, dissociative symptoms, and substance abuse at baseline (T1), and then reported their levels of substance abuse again after 3 months (T2). Of participants who screened for PTSD at T1 (n = 639), 36.1 % reported dissociative symptoms, and 61.8 % reported substance abuse in the past two weeks. Participants with dissociative PTSD had significantly higher levels of substance abuse at both T1 and T2 than their non-dissociative counterparts. T1 dissociative symptoms significantly predicted T2 substance abuse (β =.075, p = .006). Dissociative symptoms also moderated the effects of T1 PTSD symptoms on T2 substance abuse. This study provides first data regarding the prevalence of dissociative symptoms and substance abuse among Japanese adults with PTSD. We also found that people with dissociative PTSD were more prone to subsequent substance abuse problems. Early screening for dissociative symptoms among people with PTSD is important. Future studies are needed to investigate the neural mechanisms behind dissociation and substance abuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sequential bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depression: Targeting right orbitofrontal cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in nonresponders","authors":"Jithin Thekkelkuthiyathottil Joseph, Ashok Jammigumpula, Sivapriya Vaidyanathan, Samir Kumar Praharaj","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391
Yan Chen , Jiaqi Song , Wei Qu , Yanli Zhao , Jiahua Xu , Hao Xu , Yunlong Tan , Zhiren Wang , Dianying Liu , Shuping Tan
Background
Physical activity and experiencing bullying is a protective and risk factor for mental health, respectively. Adolescents who suffer from bullying tend to be trapped in rumination, leading to mental health problem. However, the interaction among them from the perspective of increasing protective factors and reducing risk factors is unclear. This study explored whether rumination mediated the association between experiencing bullying and mental health problems and the moderating role of physical activity.
Method
This study investigated 13,983 students from high school in Jiangxi Province, China, and assessed for experiencing bullying, rumination, mental health problems (depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms), and physical activity. Moderated mediation analysis was conducted using R software (version 4.1.1).
Results
Significant differences were observed in rumination, physical activity and mental health problems between adolescents who have experienced bullying and those who have not (p < 0.001). Rumination mediated the relationship between experiencing bullying and depressive symptoms (β= 0.45, 95 % CI [0.42, 0.48]), anxiety symptoms (β= 0.37, 95 % CI [0.35, 0.39]), and insomnia symptoms (β= 0.36, 95 % CI [0.33, 0.38]). Moreover, physical activity moderated the relationship between rumination and depressive symptoms (coeff = −0.03, p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (coeff = −0.02, p < 0.001), and insomnia symptoms (coeff = −0.01, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Rumination and physical activity mediated and moderated, respectively, the relationship between experiencing bullying and adolescents’ mental health problems. These findings indicate that schools and society should establish a campus bullying early warning system, pay attention to bullying incidents and promote physical activity.
{"title":"Physical activity alleviates mental health problems related to bullying through moderating rumination","authors":"Yan Chen , Jiaqi Song , Wei Qu , Yanli Zhao , Jiahua Xu , Hao Xu , Yunlong Tan , Zhiren Wang , Dianying Liu , Shuping Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Physical activity and experiencing bullying is a protective and risk factor for mental health, respectively. Adolescents who suffer from bullying tend to be trapped in rumination, leading to mental health problem. However, the interaction among them from the perspective of increasing protective factors and reducing risk factors is unclear. This study explored whether rumination mediated the association between experiencing bullying and mental health problems and the moderating role of physical activity.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study investigated 13,983 students from high school in Jiangxi Province, China, and assessed for experiencing bullying, rumination, mental health problems (depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms), and physical activity. Moderated mediation analysis was conducted using R software (version 4.1.1).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences were observed in rumination, physical activity and mental health problems between adolescents who have experienced bullying and those who have not (p < 0.001). Rumination mediated the relationship between experiencing bullying and depressive symptoms (β= 0.45, 95 % CI [0.42, 0.48]), anxiety symptoms (β= 0.37, 95 % CI [0.35, 0.39]), and insomnia symptoms (β= 0.36, 95 % CI [0.33, 0.38]). Moreover, physical activity moderated the relationship between rumination and depressive symptoms (coeff = −0.03, p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (coeff = −0.02, p < 0.001), and insomnia symptoms (coeff = −0.01, p < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Rumination and physical activity mediated and moderated, respectively, the relationship between experiencing bullying and adolescents’ mental health problems. These findings indicate that schools and society should establish a campus bullying early warning system, pay attention to bullying incidents and promote physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104390
Hansel Chris Rodrigues , Tufayl Ahmed Mohammed Shekha , Harshitha H. Annajigowda , Dhanya Charly , Angeline Jessy , Swathi Suresh , Sujas Bhardwaj , Anupa Anirudhan , Abhishek Mensegere , Thomas Gregor Issac
Dementia is a progressive condition influenced by multiple modifiable risk factors. While 14 of these risk factors have been identified, most of the evidence stems from High Income Countries leaving a crucial gap in how these factors operate within the diverse context of India. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct (2014–2024) to explore the association of cognitive impairment and dementia with at least one of the risk factors. Inclusion criteria encompassed empirical studies in India on the Indian population aged 18 and above while theoretical and review papers along with postmortem and animal samples were excluded. While the initial extraction of studies across the database identified 463 studies, only 15 that met the criteria were analyzed. Low education, depression, hypertension, and socioeconomic factors were commonly examined whereas hearing loss, high Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol, and air pollution were significantly underrepresented. The cross-sectional design and data from large study databases such as the Longitudinal Aging Study of India (LASI) were largely used. Findings showed that some risk factors replicate global trends, but obesity differs in the Indian context. Research on the modifiable risk factors of dementia in India remains limited with contextual variations, socioeconomic disparities, and environmental reasons playing a crucial role. Future studies need to utilize longitudinal designs, develop cross-culturally relevant cognitive assessments, and include under-represented populations. Furthermore, multidisciplinary team collaborations and region-specific interventions hold scope for the prevention, early detection, and management of dementia.
{"title":"Current status of research on the modifiable risk factors of dementia in India: A scoping review","authors":"Hansel Chris Rodrigues , Tufayl Ahmed Mohammed Shekha , Harshitha H. Annajigowda , Dhanya Charly , Angeline Jessy , Swathi Suresh , Sujas Bhardwaj , Anupa Anirudhan , Abhishek Mensegere , Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dementia is a progressive condition influenced by multiple modifiable risk factors. While 14 of these risk factors have been identified, most of the evidence stems from High Income Countries leaving a crucial gap in how these factors operate within the diverse context of India. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct (2014–2024) to explore the association of cognitive impairment and dementia with at least one of the risk factors. Inclusion criteria encompassed empirical studies in India on the Indian population aged 18 and above while theoretical and review papers along with postmortem and animal samples were excluded. While the initial extraction of studies across the database identified 463 studies, only 15 that met the criteria were analyzed. Low education, depression, hypertension, and socioeconomic factors were commonly examined whereas hearing loss, high Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol, and air pollution were significantly underrepresented. The cross-sectional design and data from large study databases such as the Longitudinal Aging Study of India (LASI) were largely used. Findings showed that some risk factors replicate global trends, but obesity differs in the Indian context. Research on the modifiable risk factors of dementia in India remains limited with contextual variations, socioeconomic disparities, and environmental reasons playing a crucial role. Future studies need to utilize longitudinal designs, develop cross-culturally relevant cognitive assessments, and include under-represented populations. Furthermore, multidisciplinary team collaborations and region-specific interventions hold scope for the prevention, early detection, and management of dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104393
Shubhra Pandey, Bandna Gupta , Sujita Kumar Kar
{"title":"Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) as a safe and effective treatment for auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) unresponsive to ECT, tDCS, and Clozapine: A case report","authors":"Shubhra Pandey, Bandna Gupta , Sujita Kumar Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104393","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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