Asian journal of psychiatry最新文献

英文中文

The role of gender and SES in exacerbating ACEs in children and adolescents 性别和社会经济地位在加剧儿童和青少年 ACE 中的作用。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104281

引用次数: 0

Addressing the misuse and abuse of trihexyphenidyl 解决三苯氧胺的误用和滥用问题。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104284

引用次数: 0

Heightened suicidal risk in ADHD and subthreshold ADHD: Understanding the role of psychiatric comorbidities 多动症和阈下多动症自杀风险增加：了解精神病合并症的作用。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104277

Objectives

Recently, adult ADHD diagnoses have increased, complicating treatment when comorbid with other disorders. Subthreshold ADHD(sADHD) also poses challenges, especially with comorbidities and suicidality. This study explores psychiatric comorbidities' role in ADHD and sADHD suicidality.

Methods

We analyzed microdata from the National Mental Health Survey of Korea 2021 to examine the association of ADHD on comorbidities and suicide-related behaviors.

Results

Of the 5511 participants, 194(3.52 %) were diagnosed with ADHD, and 775(14.1 %) had sADHD. In 12-month prevalence, suicidal ideation and plans were more prevalent in both ADHD and sADHD patients than in controls, with higher odds ratios(ADHD vs. control OR 12.87; suicidal ideation, 54.06; suicidal plan, sADHD vs control OR 8.26; suicidal ideation, 17.63; suicidal plans). Lifetime suicidal ideation and plans were notably associated with alcohol use disorder(OR 6.15 in ideation, 3.83; plan) and nicotine use disorder in participants with ADHD(OR 5.36 in ideation, 5.31; plan), whereas sADHD associations were found with alcohol use disorder(OR 1.80 in ideation) and depressive disorder(OR 1.90 in ideation) compared to the controls. Additionally, differences in suicidal behavior between sADHD and ADHD were identified for alcohol use disorder(OR 3.42 in ideation, 4.15; plan) and nicotine use disorder(OR 4.02 in ideation, 4.98 in plan).

Conclusion

These results indicated a heightened risk of psychiatric comorbidities and suicidal ideation or plans in the ADHD and sADHD groups. These results suggest the need for a more diverse focus on comprehensive mental health assessments and proactive support for patients with ADHD, regardless of symptom severity.

目的：最近，成人多动症（ADHD）的诊断有所增加，当合并其他疾病时，治疗会变得更加复杂。阈下多动症（sADHD）也带来了挑战，尤其是合并症和自杀。本研究探讨了精神科合并症在多动症和亚阈多动症自杀中的作用：我们分析了韩国 2021 年全国心理健康调查的微观数据，以研究多动症与合并症和自杀相关行为的关联：在 5511 名参与者中，194 人（3.52%）被诊断为多动症，775 人（14.1%）患有 sADHD。在 12 个月的患病率中，ADHD 和 sADHD 患者的自杀意念和自杀计划的发生率均高于对照组，其几率比（ADHD vs. 对照组 OR 12.87；自杀意念，54.06；自杀计划，sADHD vs. 对照组 OR 8.26；自杀意念，17.63；自杀计划）也更高。与对照组相比，ADHD 患者的终生自杀意念和计划与酗酒障碍（意念 OR 6.15，计划 OR 3.83）和尼古丁使用障碍（意念 OR 5.36，计划 OR 5.31）明显相关，而 SADHD 患者则与酗酒障碍（意念 OR 1.80）和抑郁障碍（意念 OR 1.90）相关。此外，在酒精使用障碍（意念中 OR 3.42，计划中 OR 4.15）和尼古丁使用障碍（意念中 OR 4.02，计划中 OR 4.98）方面，sADHD 和 ADHD 的自杀行为存在差异：这些结果表明，ADHD 和 sADHD 组合并精神疾病和有自杀意念或计划的风险较高。这些结果表明，无论症状严重程度如何，都有必要对多动症患者进行更全面的心理健康评估，并为其提供积极的支持。

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引用次数: 0

The prevalence of alexithymia in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis 精神分裂症患者亚历山大症的患病率：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104280

Objectives

This study aims to systematically evaluate the prevalence of alexithymia in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods

Computer searches were conducted in PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and China Biology Medicine (CBM) electronic databases to collect studies that utilized the TAS-20 scale as a measurement tool with clearly defined diagnostic criteria to determine the prevalence of alexithymia in patients with schizophrenia, from the inception of the databases to December 29, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies, followed by meta-analysis using Stata 16.0 software.

Results

A total of 17 studies with 5628 participants were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of alexithymia in patients with schizophrenia was 35 % (95 % CI: 32–38 %). Subgroup analysis indicated that male gender, smoking, Asian ethnicity, case-control design and divorce were associated with higher rates of alexithymia (all P<0.05).

Conclusion

The prevalence of alexithymia in patients with schizophrenia is relatively high (35 %). However, due to limitations in the quality and quantity of included studies, further high-quality literature is needed to confirm the above conclusion.

研究目的本研究旨在系统评估精神分裂症患者无情感倾向的患病率：在PubMed、PsycInfo、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、EMBASE、中国国家知识基础设施（CNKI）、万方数据库、VIP数据库和中国生物医学（CBM）电子数据库中进行计算机检索，收集自数据库建立之初至2023年12月29日期间，以TAS-20量表为测量工具、明确诊断标准的研究，以确定精神分裂症患者无情感倾向的患病率。两名研究人员独立筛选文献、提取数据并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险，然后使用Stata 16.0软件进行荟萃分析：结果：共纳入 17 项研究，5628 名参与者。荟萃分析结果显示，精神分裂症患者的无情感倾向发生率为 35%（95% CI：32-38%）。分组分析表明，男性性别、吸烟、亚洲人种、病例对照设计和离婚与较高的无情感障碍发生率有关（全部为 PC 结论：精神分裂症患者的无情感倾向发生率相对较高（35%）。然而，由于所纳入研究的质量和数量存在局限性，因此需要更多高质量的文献来证实上述结论。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating intrinsic and situational predictors of depression among older adults: An analysis of the CHARLS database 调查老年人抑郁症的内在和情景预测因素：对 CHARLS 数据库的分析。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104279

Background

This study aimed to investigate the intrinsic and situational predictors of depression under the health ecological model.

Methods

Two waves (2011 and 2013) of survey data were collected from the CHARLS. A total of 5845 older adults (≧60) were included, and depression was defined as CESD-10 score ≧10. Random forest combined with interpretable methods were utilized to select important predictors of depression. Multilevel logit model was used to examine the associations of intrinsic and situational predictors with depression.

Results

After a 2-year follow up, 1822 individuals (31.17 %) developed depression. Interpretable analyses showed that both intrinsic and situational variables were predictive for depression. Multilevel logit model showed that age, gender, number of chronic diseases, number of pain areas, life satisfaction, and toilet distance were significantly associated with depression.

Conclusion

Both intrinsic and situational factors were found to be associated with depression among community older population, highlighting their significance for early prevention from the perspective of public health.

研究背景本研究旨在探讨健康生态模型下抑郁症的内在和情景预测因素：从 CHARLS 收集了两波（2011 年和 2013 年）调查数据。共纳入5845名老年人（≧60岁），抑郁定义为CESD-10得分≧10。利用随机森林结合可解释的方法来选择抑郁症的重要预测因素。采用多层次逻辑模型检验内在和情境预测因素与抑郁的关联：经过两年的跟踪调查，有 1822 人（31.17%）患上了抑郁症。可解释性分析表明，内在变量和情境变量均可预测抑郁症。多层对数模型显示，年龄、性别、慢性病数量、疼痛部位数量、生活满意度和厕所距离与抑郁症有显著相关性：结论：研究发现，内在因素和情境因素都与社区老年人口中的抑郁症有关，这从公共卫生的角度强调了其早期预防的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Neuroscience in Pictures: 3. Schizophrenia 图解神经科学3.精神分裂症

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104278

Schizophrenia is a complex, heritable brain disorder characterized by psychotic, negative, cognitive, mood, and motor symptoms. This pictorial review explores the multifaceted nature of schizophrenia, from its etiology to prevention strategies. We discuss the interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors, neurobiological underpinnings, and stepwise progression. Recent advances in understanding circuit-level pathophysiology and neurotransmitter systems beyond dopamine are highlighted along with neuropathological findings, particularly the exaggerated synaptic pruning hypothesis. Based on these developments, we present an updated perspective on pharmacological interventions. Finally, we outline preventative strategies across different stages, emphasizing early intervention. This overview, designed as a teaching resource, aims to provide trainees, clinicians and researchers with a current understanding of schizophrenia’s neurobiological underpinnings and the implications of such understanding to the evolving landscape of its diagnosis and management.

精神分裂症是一种复杂的遗传性脑部疾病，以精神病性、阴性、认知、情绪和运动症状为特征。本图解综述探讨了精神分裂症从病因到预防策略的多面性。我们讨论了遗传和环境风险因素、神经生物学基础和逐步进展之间的相互作用。此外，我们还着重介绍了在了解多巴胺以外的回路级病理生理学和神经递质系统方面的最新进展，以及神经病理学研究成果，尤其是夸大突触修剪假说。在这些研究进展的基础上，我们提出了最新的药物干预观点。最后，我们概述了不同阶段的预防策略，强调早期干预。本综述作为一种教学资源，旨在为受训人员、临床医生和研究人员提供对精神分裂症神经生物学基础的最新理解，以及这种理解对不断发展的精神分裂症诊断和管理的影响。

引用次数: 0

Understanding of premenstrual dysphoric disorder and premenstrual syndrome among professionals in Japanese university health services: A survey with simulated cases 日本大学医疗服务机构专业人员对经前焦虑症和经前综合征的了解：模拟病例调查

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104275

Objectives

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) exert profoundly adverse effects on quality of life. We surveyed psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in Japan to determine their understanding and practice of diagnosing PMDD/PMS.

Methods

We targeted psychiatrists and clinical psychologists working at health administration facilities of universities in Japan who treat female patients with depressive symptoms in their late teens and 20 s—when PMDD/PMS is likely to develop. We presented a fictitious clinical case of a 23-year-old female and investigated whether the participants considered PMDD/PMS as a potential diagnosis. We also investigated the practitioners’ basic understanding of PMDD/PMS.

Results

We analyzed survey responses from 26 psychiatrists and 140 clinical psychologists. Comparatively few respondents considered PMDD/PMS a possible diagnosis or routinely inquired about a patient’s menstruation. When practitioners were provided with information linking observed symptoms to the menstrual cycle, most considered PMDD and PMS possible diagnoses. Recognizing and considering PMDD/PMS was related to the respondents’ attributes.

Conclusions

Clinicians should consider PMDD/PMS when treating women with depressive symptoms.

目的月经紊乱症（PMDD）和严重的经前期综合征（PMS）对生活质量产生了严重的负面影响。我们对日本的精神科医生和临床心理学家进行了调查，以了解他们对 PMDD/PMS 诊断的理解和实践情况。方法我们的调查对象是在日本大学健康管理机构工作的精神科医生和临床心理学家，他们负责治疗 10 多岁和 20 多岁有抑郁症状的女性患者--PMDD/PMS 很可能在这个年龄段出现。我们虚构了一个 23 岁女性的临床病例，并调查了参与者是否认为 PMDD/PMS 是一种潜在的诊断。我们还调查了从业人员对 PMDD/PMS 的基本理解。结果我们分析了来自 26 名精神科医生和 140 名临床心理学家的调查反馈。相对而言，很少有受访者认为 PMDD/PMS 是一种可能的诊断，也很少有受访者例行询问患者的月经情况。当从业人员获得观察到的症状与月经周期相关联的信息时，大多数人认为 PMDD 和 PMS 可能是诊断结果。结论临床医生在治疗有抑郁症状的女性时，应考虑 PMDD/PMS。

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引用次数: 0

Late-onset delusional disorder as psychiatric-onset dementia with Lewy bodies: a longitudinal follow-up study 晚期妄想障碍作为路易体痴呆的精神发病：一项纵向随访研究。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104274

引用次数: 0

The silent struggle: Rethinking mental health in the Middle East through a scientific and cultural lens 无声的斗争：从科学和文化的角度重新思考中东的心理健康问题。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104276

引用次数: 0

The risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in offspring of mothers with perinatal depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis 围产期抑郁症母亲的后代出现注意缺陷多动障碍症状的风险：系统回顾与荟萃分析

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104261

Background

The existing epidemiological evidence on the link between maternal depression and the risk of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children lacks consistency. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively synthesise the existing evidence on the relationship between maternal depression during the antenatal and postnatal periods and the risk of ADHD symptoms in offspring.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsychINFO to identify relevant articles. Random-effects meta-analysis models were employed to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) along with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q-test and I2-test. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore potential sources of variation within the included studies. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger’s test for regression asymmetry.

Results

Twenty-one observational studies, comprising 796,157 mother-offspring pairs, were included in the final analysis. Our meta-analysis found a 67 % (OR = 1.67, 95 % CI = 1.35–2.00) and a 53 % (OR = 1.53, 95 % CI = 1.27–1.78) increased risk of ADHD symptoms in the offspring of mothers experiencing antenatal and postnatal depression, respectively.

Conclusion

Our systematic review and meta-analysis identified an elevated risk of ADHD symptoms in the offspring of mothers who experienced both antenatal and postnatal depression. These findings underscore the importance of early screening and targeted intervention programs for at-risk children and adolescents.

背景现有的流行病学证据表明，母亲抑郁与儿童出现注意力缺陷和多动症（ADHD）症状的风险之间缺乏一致性。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在全面综合产前和产后母亲抑郁与后代ADHD症状风险之间关系的现有证据。方法我们系统地检索了PubMed、Medline、Embase、Scopus、CINAHL和PsychINFO，以确定相关文章。采用随机效应荟萃分析模型来估算汇总的几率比（OR）和 95 % 的置信区间（CI）。统计异质性采用 Cochrane 的 Q 检验和 I2 检验进行评估。进行了分组分析，以探索纳入研究中潜在的差异来源。采用漏斗图和 Egger 回归不对称检验对发表偏倚进行了评估。我们的荟萃分析发现，经历过产前和产后抑郁的母亲的后代出现多动症状的风险分别增加了 67% (OR = 1.67, 95 % CI = 1.35-2.00) 和 53% (OR = 1.53, 95 % CI = 1.27-1.78)。这些发现强调了早期筛查和针对高危儿童和青少年的干预计划的重要性。

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