Asian journal of psychiatry最新文献_第6页

Care provider's experiences on working with homeless persons with mental illness in institutions: A qualitative study 护理人员在收容机构中照顾精神疾病无家可归者的经验：一项质性研究。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104343

Roniyamol Roy , K. Janaki Raman , E. Aravind Raj , Shivarama Varambally

Introduction

Homelessness embodies a prevalent societal issue that results in extensive socio-economic ramifications. Residential rehabilitation establishments, including shelters and mental health facilities, offer essential assistance to individuals with insecure housing situations. The healthcare providers within these facilities struggle to effectively tackle the underlying issues faced by homeless individuals, often due to a variety of socio-economic factors.

Aims

The study evaluates the mental health knowledge, practices, attitudes, and training needs of the care providers in the rehabilitation centres for homeless persons with mental illness.

Methods

A qualitative exploratory research design using FGDs with care providers and expert interviews. Purposive sampling has been used to recruit care providers and experts. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data obtained.

Results

The major themes emerged out of thematic analysis were characteristics and needs of the homeless persons with mental illness admitted to the institution, concerns of care providers on the services they offer, barriers and challenges in healthcare extended in institutions, diverse rehabilitation needs of the homeless population, training needs of the care providers including mental health knowledge, preparedness to work with homeless population, managing support needs of the homeless population, and the skills in empowering the homeless persons with mental illness.

Conclusion

The findings emphasize the importance of proficient healthcare providers in aiding and enhancing the rehabilitation of homeless individuals suffering from mental disorders within institutional settings. There is an urgent need to strengthen the economic and social resources in institutions to create a more inclusive environment for the homeless population.

导言：无家可归是一个普遍存在的社会问题，造成广泛的社会经济后果。住宅康复机构，包括庇护所和精神卫生设施，向住房状况不安全的个人提供必要的援助。这些设施内的医疗保健提供者难以有效地解决无家可归者面临的潜在问题，这通常是由于各种社会经济因素造成的。目的：本研究评估流浪精神病患者康复中心护理人员的心理健康知识、做法、态度和培训需求。方法：采用fgd与护理人员和专家访谈进行定性探索性研究设计。有目的的抽样已被用于招募护理人员和专家。采用专题分析方法对所得数据进行分析。结果:从专题分析中得出的主要主题是：收容机构收容的患有精神疾病的无家可归者的特点和需求、护理提供者对其提供的服务的关注、在机构提供的保健服务方面遇到的障碍和挑战、无家可归者的各种康复需求、护理提供者的培训需求，包括心理健康知识、与无家可归者合作的准备、管理无家可归者的支助需求、以及帮助有精神疾病的无家可归者的技能。结论：研究结果强调了熟练的卫生保健提供者在帮助和加强无家可归的精神障碍患者康复方面的重要性。迫切需要加强各机构的经济和社会资源，为无家可归者创造一个更具包容性的环境。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of mummies on modern psychiatry 木乃伊对现代精神病学的影响。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104342

Khaled Elbarbary, Sheikh Shoib, Miyuru Chandradasa, Fahimeh Saeed

引用次数: 0

Magnetic seizure therapy versus electroconvulsive therapy for major mental disorders: A systematic review 磁发作疗法与电惊厥疗法治疗重大精神障碍：一项系统综述。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104336

Zhan-Ming Shi , Zhi-Ang Su , Ting Ning , Wei Zheng

引用次数: 0

Autistic symptoms and clinical features of individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and first-episode psychosis 精神病和首发精神病临床高危个体的自闭症症状和临床特征

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104345

Hiroshi Komatsu , Yutaro Sato , Kazuho Tomimoto , Goh Onoguchi , Tasuku Matsuki , Yumiko Hamaie , Atsushi Sakuma , Noriyuki Ohmuro , Masahiro Katsura , Fumiaki Ito , Takashi Ono , Kazunori Matsumoto , Hiroaki Tomita

Introduction

Autistic symptoms in schizophrenia are reportedly associated with cognitive and social functions. However, few studies have investigated the association between autistic symptoms and clinical features in individuals with a clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and first-episode psychosis (FEP). We aimed to determine the association between autistic symptoms and clinical features in a cohort of individuals with CHR-P or FEP.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 111 participants (CHR-P: 61, FEP: 50). Autistic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia Autism Severity Scale. We assessed the association between autistic symptoms and global and social functioning, and cognitive function in individuals with CHR-P or EFP. Multiple regression analysis was also performed using age and sex as covariates to determine the association between autistic symptoms and global functioning.

Results

The participants with FEP had more severe autistic symptoms than those with CHR-P. The results of bivariate correlation analysis showed a significantly negative association of autistic symptoms with global and cognitive functions in both participants with CHR-P and those with FEP. Multiple regression analysis showed that sex, autistic symptoms, and positive symptoms were significant predictors of overall functioning in those participants.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that autistic symptoms are associated with lower global functioning with both individuals at CHR-P and those with FEP. Further longitudinal analysis is needed to characterize the association between autistic symptoms and global functioning in CHR-P and FEP.

导读：据报道，精神分裂症患者的自闭症症状与认知和社会功能有关。然而，很少有研究调查具有临床精神病高风险（chrp）和首发精神病（FEP）个体的自闭症症状与临床特征之间的关系。我们旨在确定chrp或FEP患者队列中自闭症症状与临床特征之间的关系。方法：横断面研究纳入111例受试者（chrp: 61, FEP: 50）。使用精神分裂症自闭症严重程度的阳性和阴性综合征量表评估自闭症症状。我们评估了自闭症症状与chrp或EFP患者的整体和社会功能以及认知功能之间的关系。还使用年龄和性别作为协变量进行多元回归分析，以确定自闭症症状与整体功能之间的关联。结果：FEP患者比chrp患者有更严重的自闭症症状。双变量相关分析结果显示，chrp和FEP患者的自闭症症状与整体功能和认知功能呈显著负相关。多元回归分析显示，性别、自闭症症状和阳性症状是这些参与者整体功能的显著预测因子。结论：这些研究结果表明，无论是chrp患者还是FEP患者，自闭症症状都与整体功能低下有关。需要进一步的纵向分析来确定自闭症症状与chrp和FEP的整体功能之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0

An international expert survey on the worldwide digitalization in psychiatry: Global findings from the WPA survey 一项关于全球精神病学数字化的国际专家调查：来自WPA调查的全球发现。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104340

Laura Orsolini , Umberto Volpe , Rodrigo Ramalho , Ramdas Ransing , Wolfgang Gaebel

Background

The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Working Group on Digital Psychiatry aims to digitally supplement, support and improve mental health and care literacy, acceptance and accessibility across WPA member countries and National Psychiatric Associations (NPAs). To help with this goal, the present study was set to explore first the global status of digital mental health and care across NPAs

Methods

An international expert survey on the digitalization level across all 145 WPA NPAs was electronically distributed through Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics were carried out on the global dataset.

Results

Across all 145 responses, 57 were included for analysis (39.3 % response rate). Most NPAs reported lacking an official section on digital mental health (73.7 %), missing national (59.6 %) or regional policies (82.5 %), clinical guidelines (>60 % depending on the digital tool/program), and education/training in both medicine (77.2 %) either and psychiatry training programs (71.9 %). Telemedicine seemed to be the most regulated digital tool in more than half of all included NPAs. Telemedicine (45.6 %) and telemental healthcare (38.6 %) were generally reimbursed. The reported highest priority areas for future actions across WPA Regions were education and training, and the development of guidelines.

Conclusion

This study represents a benchmark in the work of the WG on Digital Psychiatry. It presents clear priority areas that will guide the delivery of targeted actions aimed to promote digital mental health and care, and ultimately, equitable mental health outcomes around the world. Overall, the highest priorities to be globally implemented are represented by education/training and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.

背景：世界精神病学协会（WPA）数字精神病学工作组旨在以数字方式补充、支持和提高WPA成员国和国家精神病学协会（NPAs）的精神健康和护理素养、接受度和可及性。为了实现这一目标，本研究首先探讨了数字化心理健康和护理在全国范围内的现状。方法：通过Qualtrics以电子方式发布了一项关于所有145个全国心理健康和护理中心数字化水平的国际专家调查。对全球数据集进行描述性统计。结果：在所有145个应答中，57个被纳入分析（39.3 %应答率）。大多数国家行动纲领报告缺乏关于数字心理健康的官方章节（73.7 %），缺少国家（59.6 %）或地区政策（82.5 %），临床指南（bbb60 %，取决于数字工具/程序），以及医学（77.2 %）和精神病学培训计划（71.9 %）的教育/培训。在所有纳入的国家行动纲领中，远程医疗似乎是一半以上最受管制的数字工具。远程医疗（45.6% %）和远程保健（38.6% %）一般得到报销。据报告，未来在《行动纲领》各区域采取行动的最优先领域是教育和培训，以及制定指导方针。结论：这项研究代表了数字精神病学工作组工作的一个基准。它提出了明确的优先领域，将指导开展有针对性的行动，以促进数字精神卫生和护理，并最终在世界各地取得公平的精神卫生成果。总体而言，全球实施的最高优先事项是教育/培训和循证临床实践指南。

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引用次数: 0

Bridging the gaps: Enhancing care continuum for pregnant women with opioid use disorder 弥合差距：加强对阿片类药物使用障碍孕妇的持续护理。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104334

Mohsen Khosravi

引用次数: 0

Systematic review of parenteral ketamine for managing acute agitation in emergency settings 紧急情况下静脉注射氯胺酮治疗急性躁动的系统评价。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104344

Christopher Peter, Satish Suhas, Guru S. Gowda, Deepak Ghadigaonkar, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Venkata Senthil Kumar Reddi

Introduction

Agitation, a significant psychiatric issue often linked to conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, invariably pose challenges in emergency settings. Acute agitation occurs in 2.6 % of emergency cases and up to 12.2 % among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. With limited available options for effective management of acute agitation, ketamine is emerging as a fast-onset alternative to antipsychotics like haloperidol.

Methods

This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, searched databases in April 2024 for studies on parenteral ketamine for acute agitation in emergency settings. Data extraction included patient demographics, ketamine administration details, sedation time, need for additional doses, adverse events, and intubation rates.

Results

The search yielded 7410 results, narrowing to 29 suitable studies with 1516 patients (mean age 35.5 ± 12.4 years, 67.9 % male). Ketamine was administered intramuscularly (IM) in 69 % of studies, intravenously (IV) in 6.9 %, and either IV or IM in 24.1 %. Most patients (86.5 %) received IM ketamine at a mean dose of 3.83 ± 1.07 mg/kg, while 13.5 % received IV ketamine at 2.09 ± 1.56 mg/kg. Sedation occurred on average in 6.1 min. However, 24.5 % needed rescue medications or additional doses. Adverse effects included tachycardia (5.1 %), hypertension (5.5 %), hypersalivation (5.6 %), nausea (2.1 %), emergence reactions (1.4 %), and, rarely, cardiac arrest (0.2). While 19.1 % required intubation, the reasons for the same could not be attributed to ketamine exclusively. Furthermore, there was no evidence for worsening or development of psychotic symptoms with ketamine.

Conclusion

This review highlights the effectiveness and safety of parenteral ketamine for managing acute agitation in emergency settings. However, further research is needed to optimize ketamine use in this challenging scenario.

躁动是一种重要的精神问题，通常与精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和重度抑郁症等疾病有关，在紧急情况下总是会带来挑战。急性躁动发生在2.6 %的急诊病例中，在精神分裂症或双相情感障碍患者中高达12.2 %。由于急性躁动的有效治疗方法有限，氯胺酮正在成为氟哌啶醇等抗精神病药物的快速替代方案。方法：本系统综述遵循PRISMA指南，检索了2024年4月的数据库，检索了紧急情况下静脉注射氯胺酮治疗急性躁动的研究。数据提取包括患者人口统计、氯胺酮给药细节、镇静时间、需要额外剂量、不良事件和插管率。结果：检索得到7410个结果，缩小到29个合适的研究，1516例患者（平均年龄35.5 ± 12.4岁，67.9% %为男性）。氯胺酮在69% %的研究中肌肉注射（IM）， 6.9 %的研究中静脉注射（IV）， 24.1% %的研究中静脉注射或IM。大多数患者（86.5 %）接受注射氯胺酮，平均剂量为3.83 ± 1.07 mg/kg， 13.5 %接受静脉注射氯胺酮，平均剂量为2.09 ± 1.56 mg/kg。镇静平均发生时间为6.1 min。然而，24.5% %需要抢救药物或额外剂量。不良反应包括心动过速（5.1% %）、高血压（5.5% %）、唾液过多（5.6% %）、恶心（2.1 %）、紧急反应（1.4 %），以及罕见的心脏骤停（0.2%）。虽然19.1 %需要插管，但其原因不能完全归因于氯胺酮。此外，没有证据表明氯胺酮会加重或发展精神病症状。结论：本综述强调了在紧急情况下静脉注射氯胺酮治疗急性躁动的有效性和安全性。然而，在这种具有挑战性的情况下，需要进一步的研究来优化氯胺酮的使用。

{"title":"Systematic review of parenteral ketamine for managing acute agitation in emergency settings","authors":"Christopher Peter, Satish Suhas, Guru S. Gowda, Deepak Ghadigaonkar, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Venkata Senthil Kumar Reddi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Agitation, a significant psychiatric issue often linked to conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, invariably pose challenges in emergency settings. Acute agitation occurs in 2.6 % of emergency cases and up to 12.2 % among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. With limited available options for effective management of acute agitation, ketamine is emerging as a fast-onset alternative to antipsychotics like haloperidol.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, searched databases in April 2024 for studies on parenteral ketamine for acute agitation in emergency settings. Data extraction included patient demographics, ketamine administration details, sedation time, need for additional doses, adverse events, and intubation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The search yielded 7410 results, narrowing to 29 suitable studies with 1516 patients (mean age 35.5 ± 12.4 years, 67.9 % male). Ketamine was administered intramuscularly (IM) in 69 % of studies, intravenously (IV) in 6.9 %, and either IV or IM in 24.1 %. Most patients (86.5 %) received IM ketamine at a mean dose of 3.83 ± 1.07 mg/kg, while 13.5 % received IV ketamine at 2.09 ± 1.56 mg/kg. Sedation occurred on average in 6.1 min. However, 24.5 % needed rescue medications or additional doses. Adverse effects included tachycardia (5.1 %), hypertension (5.5 %), hypersalivation (5.6 %), nausea (2.1 %), emergence reactions (1.4 %), and, rarely, cardiac arrest (0.2). While 19.1 % required intubation, the reasons for the same could not be attributed to ketamine exclusively. Furthermore, there was no evidence for worsening or development of psychotic symptoms with ketamine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review highlights the effectiveness and safety of parenteral ketamine for managing acute agitation in emergency settings. However, further research is needed to optimize ketamine use in this challenging scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 104344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Socio-cultural erosion and the mental health crisis in Iranian youth: Root causes, challenges, and culturally aligned interventions 伊朗青年的社会文化侵蚀和心理健康危机：根本原因、挑战和符合文化的干预措施。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104350

Saeedeh Kamyabi Azar , Mahdi Naeim , Hasan Arjmand

This review, in light of the Socio-Cultural Erosion Theory, addresses the alarming deterioration in mental health among Iranian youth. According to this theory, rapid socio-cultural changes, economic instability, and pervasive influences of digital media create a drift between traditional values and modern expectations that are detrimental to mental health. The major risk factors identified in order of significance were, in descending order, economic hardship, academic stress, cultural pressures, and digital exposure. It is for this reason that evidence-based, practical interventions are proposed through policy reforms, educational changes, and community-based support to assist youth in Iran in meeting these challenges. The need is for solutions that are embedded within the specific cultural, economic, and social contexts of Iran to promote resilience and mental well-being.

根据社会文化侵蚀理论，这一审查论述了伊朗青年心理健康状况令人震惊的恶化。根据这一理论，快速的社会文化变化、经济不稳定以及数字媒体的普遍影响造成了传统价值观和现代期望之间的漂移，这对心理健康有害。确定的主要风险因素按重要性降序排列为：经济困难、学业压力、文化压力和数字暴露。正是出于这个原因，建议通过政策改革、教育改革和基于社区的支持，采取以证据为基础的实际干预措施，帮助伊朗青年应对这些挑战。需要在伊朗特定的文化、经济和社会背景下找到解决方案，以促进恢复力和心理健康。

引用次数: 0

The importance of proper naming – A review of Neuroscience-based Nomenclature (NbN) 正确命名的重要性--基于神经科学的命名法（NbN）回顾。

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104317

Sasson Zemach , Joseph Zohar

Neuroscience-based Nomenclature (NbN) is a pharmacologically-driven classification of psychotropics, aiming to revise the current indication-based classification (antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics etc.). Whereas the number of psychotropics has risen dramatically over the years, the current nomenclature preserves a rather narrow categorization that overlooks the rich neurobiological knowledge accumulated to date. The current classification is confusing for the patients (“Why am I getting an ‘antipsychotic’ for my depression, Doctor? am I psychotic?”), and consequently interfering with optimal care. To address this issue, leading organizations in psychopharmacology have collaborated to introduce a classification which is based on pharmacological domains (neurotransmitters) and mode of action. This approach may relieve patients from confusing labels and help clinicians plan the next pharmacological step from a neuroscientific prism. NbN has earned endorsements from significant psychiatric bodies (including the American Psychiatric Association and the European Psychiatric Association) and has been incorporated into highly ranked peer-reviewed journals, textbooks, and educational programs. It is accessible through a free app, offering an easy-to-navigate database for professionals, as well as specialized versions for child and adolescent psychiatry and for patient and family education. By bridging the gap between complex neurobiological research and clinical practice, NbN may enhance evidence-based prescription practice and serve as an educational resource. Despite its inherent challenges, this initiative may represent a step towards integrating neuroscience into everyday psychiatric care, making it more understandable and relevant for all involved.

神经科学命名法（NbN）是一种药理学驱动的精神药物分类，旨在修订目前基于适应症的分类（抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药等）。尽管近年来精神药物的数量急剧增加，但目前的命名法保留了相当狭窄的分类，忽略了迄今为止积累的丰富的神经生物学知识。目前的分类让患者感到困惑(“医生，为什么我要用‘抗精神病药’治疗我的抑郁症？我有精神病吗？”)，从而干扰了最佳护理。为了解决这个问题，精神药理学的主要组织已经合作引入了一种基于药理学领域（神经递质）和作用方式的分类。这种方法可以使患者从混淆的标签中解脱出来，并帮助临床医生从神经科学的角度规划下一个药理学步骤。NbN已获得重要精神病学机构（包括美国精神病学协会和欧洲精神病学协会）的认可，并已被纳入高排名的同行评审期刊，教科书和教育计划。它可以通过一个免费的应用程序访问，为专业人士提供一个易于导航的数据库，以及儿童和青少年精神病学以及患者和家庭教育的专门版本。通过弥合复杂的神经生物学研究和临床实践之间的差距，NbN可以加强循证处方实践并作为一种教育资源。尽管存在固有的挑战，但这项倡议可能代表着将神经科学融入日常精神病学护理的一步，使其更容易理解，并与所有相关人员相关。

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引用次数: 0

How we developed a video mental state examination module for medical undergraduates: Preliminary findings 我们是如何开发医学本科生视频心理状态检查模块的：初步发现

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104329

Suravi Patra , Priyadarshini Mishra , Gaurav Singh , Tathagata Biswas

Background

The Indian Competency-Based Medical Education curriculum focuses on clinical skills acquisition. Video modules to teach medical students Mental Status Examination (MSE) provide digital skill-based educational opportunities. We describe here the design, content, and preliminary validation of a video MSE module for medical students.

Methods

The video MSE module consists of a PowerPoint presentation with embedded videos on schizophrenia, mania, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and delirium. A case vignette and an MSE report accompany each video. Medical interns played roles of patient and doctor based on a pre-designed script. We demonstrated the module to 9th-semester medical students (n=19) and compared their knowledge and perceived acquisition of MSE skills to a control group (n=20). We collected expert psychiatrists' views on the module and incorporated their suggestions.

Results

The medical students exposed to the module found it an interest-generating, useful learning resource meeting their education goals and helpful for conducting MSE compared to a lesser proportion of them who attended clinical postings only (p<0.05). Most agreed that the videos' mood/affect, thought content, perceptions, and insight components are effective (p<0.05). The medical interns reported learning the conversation of MSE and essential patient communication skills. All nine experts agreed that the module is a useful resource-saving teaching-learning aid and unanimously agreed to all components of the Content Validity Index.

Conclusions

The validated MSE video module is appropriate as a self-help and a teaching aid to existing teaching resources in the Indian context.

印度以能力为基础的医学教育课程侧重于临床技能的获得。教医学生心理状态检查（MSE）的视频模块提供了基于数字技能的教育机会。我们在这里描述了医学生视频MSE模块的设计、内容和初步验证。方法视频MSE模块由PowerPoint演示和嵌入精神分裂症、躁狂症、抑郁症、强迫症和谵妄的视频组成。每个视频都附有一个案例小品和MSE报告。实习医生根据预先设计的剧本扮演病人和医生的角色。我们向第9学期的医学生（n=19）展示了该模块，并将他们的知识和感知获得的MSE技能与对照组（n=20）进行了比较。我们收集了专家精神科医生对该模块的意见，并采纳了他们的建议。结果与仅参加临床岗位的医学生相比，参与该模块的医学生认为该模块是一种有趣的、有用的学习资源，满足了他们的教育目标，并有助于进行MSE （p < 0.05）。大多数人认为视频的情绪/情感、思想内容、感知和洞察力成分是有效的（p<0.05）。医学实习生报告说，他们学习了MSE的对话和基本的病人沟通技巧。九位专家一致认为该模块是一种有用的节约资源的教学辅助工具，并一致同意内容有效性指数的所有组成部分。结论：经过验证的MSE视频模块适合作为印度现有教学资源的自助和教学辅助工具。

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引用次数: 0