Pub Date : 2017-05-04DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1379251
N. Mastikova
This article examines the pre-crisis (2014–2016) state of interethnic relations in Russia and European countries and takes into account Russian scholarship on this subject. Interethnic tensions are treated as a socio-psychological characteristic reflecting an imbalance in relationships that result from heightened conflict among ethnic groups. Respondents’ attitudes toward migrants entering their country are used to shed light on interethnic tensions in Russia and Europe. Our data come from the European Social Survey (ESS). We examine such indicators of interethnic tension as respondents’ attitudes toward the movement of immigrants into their countries and their assessments of the changes such immigrants bring. By identifying analogues of these indicators, we were able to design an interethnic-tension index that enables comparisons across European countries. The article identifies the countries where interethnic tensions were, at the time the study was conducted, least (Scandinavia) and most pronounced (Cyprus, Russia, the Czech Republic, Portugal, and Hungary). The greatest tension was found among members of the old and young age groups and among women and respondents with the least education, least income, and who reside in rural areas. Among the main causes of interethnic tension (cultural features of interacting ethnic groups) we identified other factors that consistently affect the level of tensions: per capita GDP, the proportion of immigrants within the overall population, the number of immigrants arriving within the past five years, trust in people, and type of employment.
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Pub Date : 2017-05-04DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1379256
N. N. Sedova
This article analyzes how Russians’ life values and attitudes have evolved over the past decade. It examines two mental models—activist (passionarist) and “passivist”—and their development over time. The criteria for applying these models are inclinations toward an internal versus external locus of control, self-sufficiency versus dependence on the state, and struggle versus adaptation to external circumstances. These criteria are used to distinguish between passionarists (who maintain activist attitudes), “passivists” (who consistently hold passivist attitudes), and an intermediate group (exhibiting mixed attitudes). The article also examines the way in which the passionarists and “passivists” see the situation in the country and its prospects for development; the place held by these groups in society’s social structure; the traits manifested in the setting and attainment of life goals; and these groups’ adaptive potential in times of crisis. Our research took the form of Russia-wide representative surveys conducted by the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Sociology and the Russian Public Opinion Research Center beginning in 2005. Our evidence shows that having activist/passionarist values is associated with higher social status and financial success, ambition, a rational approach to devising life goals and the strategies for attaining them, and strong life planning abilities. Our conclusion is that passionarists have a firmer footing in social reality than most people and are better able to participate in society’s development, including during crisis periods.
{"title":"The Life Goals and Strategies of Russians in the Context of Passionarity","authors":"N. N. Sedova","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1379256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1379256","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes how Russians’ life values and attitudes have evolved over the past decade. It examines two mental models—activist (passionarist) and “passivist”—and their development over time. The criteria for applying these models are inclinations toward an internal versus external locus of control, self-sufficiency versus dependence on the state, and struggle versus adaptation to external circumstances. These criteria are used to distinguish between passionarists (who maintain activist attitudes), “passivists” (who consistently hold passivist attitudes), and an intermediate group (exhibiting mixed attitudes). The article also examines the way in which the passionarists and “passivists” see the situation in the country and its prospects for development; the place held by these groups in society’s social structure; the traits manifested in the setting and attainment of life goals; and these groups’ adaptive potential in times of crisis. Our research took the form of Russia-wide representative surveys conducted by the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Sociology and the Russian Public Opinion Research Center beginning in 2005. Our evidence shows that having activist/passionarist values is associated with higher social status and financial success, ambition, a rational approach to devising life goals and the strategies for attaining them, and strong life planning abilities. Our conclusion is that passionarists have a firmer footing in social reality than most people and are better able to participate in society’s development, including during crisis periods.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"218 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1379256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41400501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2018.1577629
O. L. Rybakovskii, Valeriia Sergeevna Sudoplatova, O. A. Taiunova
This article attempts to assess current national and regional reserves for reducing the mortality rate in Russia. It explores the potential to reduce the mortality rate in comparison to comparable international benchmarks in rates of growth and gains in life expectancy at birth, identifies a range of circumstances that have an adverse impact on the population’s health in post-Soviet Russia, and shows that the main reserve for reducing mortality remains the “lost health capital” that preceded the collapse of the Soviet Union and continued in the 1990s. Finally, it assesses the current regional potential for lowering the mortality rate, which is “hidden” in differences between regions leading in life expectancy (with the exception of extremes) and the country’s remaining territories. The conclusion presents data revealing the life expectancy of men and women.
{"title":"The Potential for Reducing Mortality in Russia","authors":"O. L. Rybakovskii, Valeriia Sergeevna Sudoplatova, O. A. Taiunova","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2018.1577629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2018.1577629","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to assess current national and regional reserves for reducing the mortality rate in Russia. It explores the potential to reduce the mortality rate in comparison to comparable international benchmarks in rates of growth and gains in life expectancy at birth, identifies a range of circumstances that have an adverse impact on the population’s health in post-Soviet Russia, and shows that the main reserve for reducing mortality remains the “lost health capital” that preceded the collapse of the Soviet Union and continued in the 1990s. Finally, it assesses the current regional potential for lowering the mortality rate, which is “hidden” in differences between regions leading in life expectancy (with the exception of extremes) and the country’s remaining territories. The conclusion presents data revealing the life expectancy of men and women.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"57 1","pages":"111 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2018.1577629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41581505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-04DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1358029
V. Magun, M. Rudnev, P. Schmidt
Research on social values of the Russian population usually is based on dominant or average values as reflected in public opinion surveys. The research reported in this article takes a different approach, looking not at averages but at how differences in values are distributed throughout the society. This shows a more complex picture, and one that is changing with each new generation.
{"title":"A Typology of European Values and Russians’ Basic Human Values","authors":"V. Magun, M. Rudnev, P. Schmidt","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1358029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1358029","url":null,"abstract":"Research on social values of the Russian population usually is based on dominant or average values as reflected in public opinion surveys. The research reported in this article takes a different approach, looking not at averages but at how differences in values are distributed throughout the society. This shows a more complex picture, and one that is changing with each new generation.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"149 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1358029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45472056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-04DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1358028
O. Shkaratan, N. Favorov
We view the social organization of contemporary Russia as a continuation of the Soviet socioeconomic order, whose roots extend back centuries into the past of a country that has served as the vehicle for Eurasian Orthodox civilization. This article explores the various stages of the country’s development—from the thirteenth century to the present—and argues that the collapse of the communist system in Russia led to a transition from Eurasian civilization to a new stage in Russia’s evolution—a neo-statist socioeconomic order and classical authoritarianism. By 1917, the European type of development had yet to triumph in Russia. A key factor in this was the fact that private property was not a tradition for most Russians. This paved the way for the essential restoration of the soslovie system, the enslavement of social estates by the state, and the emergence of a special category of state servants (the nomenklatura) in the Soviet Union. In other words, path dependence theory came to be realized, reproducing in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries a relationship between power and social estates thought to have died off in medieval Rus. For centuries, within an exceptionally stable statist order and taking a variety of forms, a system has reproduced itself over and over that features a social estate hierarchy and a system of power under which property was conditional for everyone except an all-powerful sovereign (who across the epochs has gone by different names—prince, tsar, emperor, general secretary, and president). The socioeconomic system that has emerged in post-Soviet Russia is, by its nature, statism, but in a new phase of development—neo-statism. The role of the state remains decisive, but it is not the only role being played, as was the case in the Soviet Union. Now, there is a private-ownership market component. In Russia, a dualistic social stratification is in effect that combines a (dominant) soslovie hierarchy and a socio-professional hierarchy.
{"title":"A Social System Oriented Toward the Past, Part II","authors":"O. Shkaratan, N. Favorov","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1358028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1358028","url":null,"abstract":"We view the social organization of contemporary Russia as a continuation of the Soviet socioeconomic order, whose roots extend back centuries into the past of a country that has served as the vehicle for Eurasian Orthodox civilization. This article explores the various stages of the country’s development—from the thirteenth century to the present—and argues that the collapse of the communist system in Russia led to a transition from Eurasian civilization to a new stage in Russia’s evolution—a neo-statist socioeconomic order and classical authoritarianism. By 1917, the European type of development had yet to triumph in Russia. A key factor in this was the fact that private property was not a tradition for most Russians. This paved the way for the essential restoration of the soslovie system, the enslavement of social estates by the state, and the emergence of a special category of state servants (the nomenklatura) in the Soviet Union. In other words, path dependence theory came to be realized, reproducing in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries a relationship between power and social estates thought to have died off in medieval Rus. For centuries, within an exceptionally stable statist order and taking a variety of forms, a system has reproduced itself over and over that features a social estate hierarchy and a system of power under which property was conditional for everyone except an all-powerful sovereign (who across the epochs has gone by different names—prince, tsar, emperor, general secretary, and president). The socioeconomic system that has emerged in post-Soviet Russia is, by its nature, statism, but in a new phase of development—neo-statism. The role of the state remains decisive, but it is not the only role being played, as was the case in the Soviet Union. Now, there is a private-ownership market component. In Russia, a dualistic social stratification is in effect that combines a (dominant) soslovie hierarchy and a socio-professional hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"112 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1358028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41501527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-04DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1358027
O. Shkaratan
We view the social organization of contemporary Russia as a continuation of the Soviet socioeconomic order, whose roots extend back centuries into the past of a country that has served as the vehicle of Eurasian Orthodox civilization. This article explores the various stages of the country’s development—from the thirteenth century to the present—and argues that the collapse of the communist system in Russia led to a transition from Eurasian civilization to a new stage in Russia’s evolution—a neo-statist socioeconomic order and classical authoritarianism. Part I examines “the influence of the path traveled” on contemporary Russia’s social system and shows that, until the mid-thirteenth century, Rus was an early feudal society with close economic, political, cultural, and dynastic (state) bonds with Europe. The system that existed under the Golden Horde, in addition to Asiatic despotism, introduced an Asiatic (state) means of production and a classless social structure devoid of private property. The state once and for all was elevated above Russian society and was transformed into the primary factor in its development. This was the historical soil out of which grew the system of the social estate (soslovie) that came to be the institutional system stratifying Muscovy Rus, as well as tsarist, Soviet, and post-Soviet Russia.
{"title":"A Social System Oriented Toward the Past, Part I","authors":"O. Shkaratan","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1358027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1358027","url":null,"abstract":"We view the social organization of contemporary Russia as a continuation of the Soviet socioeconomic order, whose roots extend back centuries into the past of a country that has served as the vehicle of Eurasian Orthodox civilization. This article explores the various stages of the country’s development—from the thirteenth century to the present—and argues that the collapse of the communist system in Russia led to a transition from Eurasian civilization to a new stage in Russia’s evolution—a neo-statist socioeconomic order and classical authoritarianism. Part I examines “the influence of the path traveled” on contemporary Russia’s social system and shows that, until the mid-thirteenth century, Rus was an early feudal society with close economic, political, cultural, and dynastic (state) bonds with Europe. The system that existed under the Golden Horde, in addition to Asiatic despotism, introduced an Asiatic (state) means of production and a classless social structure devoid of private property. The state once and for all was elevated above Russian society and was transformed into the primary factor in its development. This was the historical soil out of which grew the system of the social estate (soslovie) that came to be the institutional system stratifying Muscovy Rus, as well as tsarist, Soviet, and post-Soviet Russia.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"111 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1358027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44998651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1338402
Anna Yevgen’evna Kononova
This article analyzes the socio-economic factors causing disparities in the level of health of preschool children. Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of the Economic Situation and Health of the Population of the NRU HSE, it demonstrates that a mother’s health and lifestyle determine her child’s health. It does not find a significant connection between a child’s health and indicators of a family’s financial well-being, level of the mother’s education, her age, or her employment or marital status. The results obtained are substantially different from factors that determine children’s health in developed countries. This is probably because in Russia, various income groups have similar behavior patterns, access to quality medical care, attitudes toward health, and harmful habits.
{"title":"The Socio-Economic Factors of Children’s Health in Russia","authors":"Anna Yevgen’evna Kononova","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1338402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338402","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the socio-economic factors causing disparities in the level of health of preschool children. Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of the Economic Situation and Health of the Population of the NRU HSE, it demonstrates that a mother’s health and lifestyle determine her child’s health. It does not find a significant connection between a child’s health and indicators of a family’s financial well-being, level of the mother’s education, her age, or her employment or marital status. The results obtained are substantially different from factors that determine children’s health in developed countries. This is probably because in Russia, various income groups have similar behavior patterns, access to quality medical care, attitudes toward health, and harmful habits.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"67 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43201770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1338395
L. Byzov
This article attempts to analyze the origin, content, and prospects of the trend toward increasing conservatism in contemporary Russia that has been observed in the collective consciousness, as well as in the media and in political contexts. This trend creates the illusion that society and the government are united in a single political nation, something that has not been possible in post-Soviet Russia for over 20 years. However, this illusory reality faces new threats and challenges. These include a schism in values and civil conflict. This trend “broke” the tendency, observed in the 2000s, toward an equalization of the value field around the synthesis of conservative and liberal values and the related synthesis of the demands of the new Russian middle class. This analysis will show that there has been a reanimation of the archetypal collective consciousness manifested in values related to strengthening the state, anti-Westernism, and the “Russian world.” The attitude of society in general has become more radical than official government policy. The public mainstream stands in sharp opposition to the group of pro-Western liberals, who are oriented toward the kind of development seen in Europe, democratic values, and the free market. At the same time, these values are largely imposed by political circumstances “for show,” while the people who hold these values are rarely prepared to follow them in “real life.”
{"title":"Conservative Trends in Contemporary Russian Society","authors":"L. Byzov","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1338395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338395","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to analyze the origin, content, and prospects of the trend toward increasing conservatism in contemporary Russia that has been observed in the collective consciousness, as well as in the media and in political contexts. This trend creates the illusion that society and the government are united in a single political nation, something that has not been possible in post-Soviet Russia for over 20 years. However, this illusory reality faces new threats and challenges. These include a schism in values and civil conflict. This trend “broke” the tendency, observed in the 2000s, toward an equalization of the value field around the synthesis of conservative and liberal values and the related synthesis of the demands of the new Russian middle class. This analysis will show that there has been a reanimation of the archetypal collective consciousness manifested in values related to strengthening the state, anti-Westernism, and the “Russian world.” The attitude of society in general has become more radical than official government policy. The public mainstream stands in sharp opposition to the group of pro-Western liberals, who are oriented toward the kind of development seen in Europe, democratic values, and the free market. At the same time, these values are largely imposed by political circumstances “for show,” while the people who hold these values are rarely prepared to follow them in “real life.”","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"1 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49177607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1338399
V. Przhilensky, A. Ogorodnikov
This article analyzes the problem of the connection between values and knowledge in the social engineering process. It examines the limitations and possibilities for interference in the natural functioning of social orders in the context of the modernization of society. Using materials from sociological studies, this article looks at the cognitive and methodological potential of a model of interaction between values and knowledge and discusses an algorithm for how this model might be applied in administrative and educational practice. Our analysis of the results of the survey revealed the social determinants of Russian youth that form the value structures and models of social practices. It also revealed young people’s ideas about Russian society, paths to its modernization, and mechanisms for relating terminal values to instrumental values. Finally, it shows the contradictions between individual concepts of social reality and ideas about Russia’s development. This kind of imbalance could hinder the social engineering of reality.
{"title":"The Axiological Grounds of Social Engineering: Prospects for the Modernization of Russian Society","authors":"V. Przhilensky, A. Ogorodnikov","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1338399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338399","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the problem of the connection between values and knowledge in the social engineering process. It examines the limitations and possibilities for interference in the natural functioning of social orders in the context of the modernization of society. Using materials from sociological studies, this article looks at the cognitive and methodological potential of a model of interaction between values and knowledge and discusses an algorithm for how this model might be applied in administrative and educational practice. Our analysis of the results of the survey revealed the social determinants of Russian youth that form the value structures and models of social practices. It also revealed young people’s ideas about Russian society, paths to its modernization, and mechanisms for relating terminal values to instrumental values. Finally, it shows the contradictions between individual concepts of social reality and ideas about Russia’s development. This kind of imbalance could hinder the social engineering of reality.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"53 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41969083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10610154.2017.1338396
N. Tikhonova
This article examines the specific features of the “Russian dream” and some of its key elements using materials from a number of national studies conducted by the Institute of Sociology over the past several years. It highlights the cultural-civilizational features of the Russian dream and its connection with the values and identities of Russians. It will show that the presence of a dream is the norm for Russian culture in general, but that in recent years this norm has eroded. Although the Russian civilizational project with its characteristic “high dream” still exists, it is gradually losing its significance; instead, the dreams of a consumer society are transforming into dreams about ordinary survival.
{"title":"Russians’ Dreams for Society and Themselves","authors":"N. Tikhonova","doi":"10.1080/10610154.2017.1338396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338396","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the specific features of the “Russian dream” and some of its key elements using materials from a number of national studies conducted by the Institute of Sociology over the past several years. It highlights the cultural-civilizational features of the Russian dream and its connection with the values and identities of Russians. It will show that the presence of a dream is the norm for Russian culture in general, but that in recent years this norm has eroded. Although the Russian civilizational project with its characteristic “high dream” still exists, it is gradually losing its significance; instead, the dreams of a consumer society are transforming into dreams about ordinary survival.","PeriodicalId":85546,"journal":{"name":"Sociological research","volume":"56 1","pages":"21 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10610154.2017.1338396","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41644938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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