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Simulation-based planning of earthmoving equipment for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions 基于仿真的土方设备规划,减少温室气体排放
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105841
Ali Mansouri , Hosein Taghaddos , Ala Nekouvaght Tak , Amir Sadatnya , Kamyab Aghajamali
Large-scale earthmoving operations, common in mining excavation, contribute significantly to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. This paper introduces a simulation-based system aimed at quantifying these emissions and identifying practical and achievable steps for reducing them. The system we developed considers site-specific factors, including equipment specifications, topography, route, and weather conditions. Notably, it enables ‘what-if’ scenario analyses, allowing us to evaluate the impact of different parameters on emissions. The system’s unique feature is the optimal allocation of resources through an intelligent decision-making system, which reduced GHG emissions by approximately 7.6% in the case study. Turning off equipment during idle periods further decreases emissions by up to 11.3%. These findings highlight the potential of operational adjustments in mitigating the environmental impact of earthmoving projects.
采矿挖掘中常见的大规模推土作业大大增加了温室气体(GHG)的排放量。本文介绍了一种基于模拟的系统,旨在量化这些排放,并确定切实可行的减排步骤。我们开发的系统考虑了现场的具体因素,包括设备规格、地形、路线和天气条件。值得注意的是,该系统可进行 "假设 "情景分析,使我们能够评估不同参数对排放量的影响。该系统的独特之处在于通过智能决策系统优化资源配置,在案例研究中减少了约 7.6% 的温室气体排放。在闲置期间关闭设备可进一步减少排放量达 11.3%。这些发现凸显了操作调整在减轻土方工程对环境影响方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
BIM-integrated semantic framework for construction waste quantification and optimisation 用于建筑垃圾量化和优化的 BIM 集成语义框架
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105842
Subarna Sivashanmugam, Sergio Rodriguez Trejo, Farzad Rahimian
Quantification and optimisation of Construction Waste (CW) in the design stages are vital to implementing preventive CW management measures. Previous ICT-integrated CW models are not efficiently upscaled to achieve an interoperable and automated workflow. Therefore, this paper presents a BIM-integrated semantic framework for CW quantification and optimisation from the early design stages. A CW data model using Semantic-Web-Technologies (SWT) was developed and integrated with BIM. The results proved that unified data structure, standardised and granular information, established semantic relationships between building material and CW data, and diverse measurement units proposed in the framework facilitate seamless and dynamic information flows between BIM and CW platforms. The research outcomes are critical to improving interoperability and automation across the CW assessment process, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of results, supporting timely and integrated decision-making, and easing communication and collaboration among the supply-chain members. A test-case building demonstrates the application of the framework.
在设计阶段对建筑垃圾(CW)进行量化和优化,对于实施预防性 CW 管理措施至关重要。以往的信息和通信技术集成建筑垃圾模型无法有效地升级以实现可互操作和自动化的工作流程。因此,本文提出了一个集成 BIM 的语义框架,用于在早期设计阶段就对建筑垃圾进行量化和优化。使用语义网络技术(SWT)开发了一个化武数据模型,并将其与 BIM 集成。研究结果表明,统一的数据结构、标准化和细粒度的信息、建筑材料和化学工程数据之间建立的语义关系,以及框架中提出的多样化测量单位,促进了 BIM 和化学工程平台之间无缝和动态的信息流。这些研究成果对于提高整个建筑工程评估流程的互操作性和自动化程度、提高结果的准确性和可靠性、支持及时的综合决策以及简化供应链成员之间的沟通与协作至关重要。测试案例构建展示了该框架的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Crack instance segmentation using splittable transformer and position coordinates 使用可分割变换器和位置坐标进行裂纹实例分割
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105838
Yuanlin Zhao , Wei Li , Jiangang Ding , Yansong Wang , Lili Pei , Aojia Tian
Vehicle and drone-mounted surveillance equipment face severe computational constraints, posing significant challenges for real-time, accurate crack segmentation. This paper introduces the crack location segmentation transformer (CLST) to address these issues. Images are processed to better resemble patches associated with cracks, enabling precise segmentation while significantly reducing the model’s computational load. To handle varying segmentation challenges, a range of models with different computational demands has been designed to suit diverse needs. The most lightweight model can be deployed for real-time use on edge devices. A module in the neck of the pipeline encodes crack coordinate information, and end-to-end training has resulted in state-of-the-art performance across multiple datasets.
车载和无人机监控设备面临着严重的计算限制,给实时、准确的裂缝分割带来了巨大挑战。本文介绍了裂缝位置分割转换器(CLST)来解决这些问题。图像经过处理后更接近与裂缝相关的斑块,从而实现精确分割,同时显著降低模型的计算负荷。为了应对不同的分割挑战,我们设计了一系列具有不同计算要求的模型,以满足不同的需求。最轻便的模型可在边缘设备上实时使用。管道颈部的一个模块对裂缝坐标信息进行编码,端到端的训练在多个数据集上都取得了一流的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Variable-depth large neighborhood search algorithm for cable routing in distributed photovoltaic systems 分布式光伏系统中电缆布线的可变深度大邻域搜索算法
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105839
Andong Qiu, Zhouwang Yang
Distributed photovoltaic power systems, typically deployed in complex scenarios like irregular rooftops, present a challenging detailed cable routing problem (DCRP). This involves grouping solar modules and routing cables to connect each group, traditionally addressed through manual design. This paper presents a variable-depth large neighborhood search (VDLNS) algorithm to address the DCRP, which is modeled as a specialized cycle covering problem using arc-flow and partition formulations. A cycle-split heuristic, derived from DCRP’s connection to the traveling salesman problem, is introduced and combined with a series of destroy operators to construct the VDLNS algorithm. Numerical experiments conducted on both synthetic and real-world instances validated the algorithm’s efficacy, achieving an average total cost reduction of 12.87% on house rooftop instances compared to manual design. The results indicate that the method effectively streamlines photovoltaic system design by delivering cost-efficient cable routing schemes within a reasonable timeframe.
分布式光伏发电系统通常部署在不规则屋顶等复杂场景中,这就提出了一个具有挑战性的详细电缆布线问题(DCRP)。这涉及到太阳能模块的分组和连接各组的电缆布线,传统上是通过人工设计来解决的。本文提出了一种可变深度大邻域搜索(VDLNS)算法来解决 DCRP 问题,该算法使用弧流和分割公式将 DCRP 建模为一个专门的循环覆盖问题。从 DCRP 与旅行推销员问题的联系中得出的循环分割启发式被引入并与一系列破坏算子相结合,从而构建了 VDLNS 算法。在合成实例和真实世界实例上进行的数值实验验证了该算法的有效性,与人工设计相比,该算法在房屋屋顶实例上平均降低了 12.87% 的总成本。结果表明,该方法能在合理的时间内提供具有成本效益的电缆布线方案,从而有效简化光伏系统设计。
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引用次数: 0
Robust localization of shear connectors in accelerated bridge construction with neural radiance field 利用神经辐射场对加速桥梁施工中的剪力连接件进行稳健定位
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105843
Gyumin Lee , Ali Turab Asad , Khurram Shabbir , Sung-Han Sim , Junhwa Lee
Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) demands precise alignment of prefabricated members to prevent assembly failure. Conventional methods struggle to localize shear connectors from point cloud data (PCD) generated by structure-from-motion due to its sparsity. This paper introduces a robust method for shear connector localization using PCD generated by a neural radiance field and a three-step narrowing-down algorithm. The PCD exhibits densely populated points for small connectors, allowing the algorithm to pinpoint their locations accurately. The method successfully identified all 72 shear connectors in a mock-up prefabricated girder, with an average error of 10 mm, demonstrating its potential for assessing constructability in ABC projects. Future research may integrate deep learning-based segmentation techniques to enhance efficiency and adaptability in complex geometries and non-standard bridge designs.
加速桥梁施工(ABC)要求对预制构件进行精确对齐,以防止装配失败。由于点云数据(PCD)的稀疏性,传统方法很难从结构运动生成的点云数据中定位剪力连接件。本文介绍了一种使用神经辐射场生成的 PCD 和三步缩小算法进行剪力连接器定位的稳健方法。PCD 对小型连接器显示出密集的点,使算法能够精确定位其位置。该方法成功识别了模拟预制梁中的全部 72 个剪力连接件,平均误差为 10 毫米,证明了其在评估 ABC 项目可施工性方面的潜力。未来的研究可能会整合基于深度学习的分割技术,以提高复杂几何形状和非标准桥梁设计的效率和适应性。
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引用次数: 0
From raw to refined: Data preprocessing for construction machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and reinforcement learning (RL) models 从原始到精炼:构建机器学习 (ML)、深度学习 (DL) 和强化学习 (RL) 模型的数据预处理
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105844
SeyedeZahra Golazad , Abbas Mohammadi , Abbas Rashidi , Mohammad Ilbeigi
As the use of predictive models in construction rapidly increases, the need for preprocessing raw construction data has become more critical. This systematic review investigates data preprocessing techniques for machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and reinforcement learning (RL) models in the construction domain. Through a comprehensive analysis of 457 studies, the prevalence of six data types (i.e., tabular, image, video frame, time series, text, and point cloud) and their respective preprocessing methods are examined. Key findings reveal data transformation, cleaning, reduction, augmentation, and scaling as fundamental preprocessing categories, with applications varying across data types. The paper highlights knowledge gaps, including limited synthetic data adoption, lack of standardized annotation practices, absence of comprehensive preprocessing frameworks, and need for automated labeling. Furthermore, critical considerations regarding data privacy, security, sharing, and management practices are discussed. The review underscores the pivotal role of robust data preprocessing in enabling reliable predictive models.
随着预测模型在建筑领域的使用迅速增加,对原始建筑数据进行预处理的需求也变得更加迫切。本系统综述研究了建筑领域机器学习(ML)、深度学习(DL)和强化学习(RL)模型的数据预处理技术。通过对 457 项研究的综合分析,考察了六种数据类型(即表格、图像、视频帧、时间序列、文本和点云)的普遍性及其各自的预处理方法。主要研究结果表明,数据转换、清理、缩减、增强和缩放是基本的预处理类别,在不同数据类型中的应用各不相同。论文强调了知识差距,包括合成数据采用有限、缺乏标准化注释实践、缺乏全面的预处理框架以及对自动标记的需求。此外,还讨论了有关数据隐私、安全、共享和管理实践的重要考虑因素。综述强调了强大的数据预处理在建立可靠的预测模型中的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Performance evaluation of struck-by-accident alert systems for road work zone safety 道路施工区安全事故报警系统性能评估
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105837
Qishen Ye, Yihai Fang, Nan Zheng
Road work zones pose significant safety risks to both vehicles passing by and the construction workers moving within the work zones. Over recent years, significant research efforts have been dedicated to work zone safety, particularly by leveraging emerging technologies. This paper aims to review the literature on performance evaluation of safety technologies designed to mitigate struck-by hazards. This review identified 57 relevant publications focusing on technology evaluation, which were critically reviewed using the Four-component Cyber-Physical System (CPS) hierarchy and the Adapted Layer of Protection Analysis (ALOPA) framework. The CPS hierarchy-based review unveiled the focused components under evaluation, the relationship among these components, the methodologies employed, and the key performance results. The extent and completeness of the evaluation methods were examined through the ALOPA framework. The findings of this research highlight emerging trends that explore the impact of human factors on accident avoidance outcomes in risk-free virtual environments and suggest several prospective considerations as per ALOPA that can guide future research towards performance-based evaluations and design optimisations.
道路施工区对过往车辆和在施工区内行驶的建筑工人都构成了极大的安全风险。近年来,人们致力于对施工区安全进行大量研究,特别是利用新兴技术。本文旨在回顾有关旨在减轻撞击危险的安全技术性能评估的文献。该综述确定了 57 篇以技术评估为重点的相关出版物,并使用四组件网络-物理系统 (CPS) 层次结构和适应性保护层分析 (ALOPA) 框架对这些出版物进行了严格审查。基于 CPS 层次结构的审查揭示了所评估的重点组件、这些组件之间的关系、所采用的方法以及关键性能结果。通过 ALOPA 框架审查了评估方法的范围和完整性。这项研究的结果突出了探索人为因素对无风险虚拟环境中事故避免结果的影响的新趋势,并根据 ALOPA 框架提出了若干前瞻性考虑因素,这些因素可以指导未来的研究,实现基于性能的评估和设计优化。
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引用次数: 0
Digital twins in bridge engineering for streamlined maintenance and enhanced sustainability 桥梁工程中的数字双胞胎简化维护工作并提高可持续性
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105834
M. Franciosi, M. Kasser, M. Viviani
Digital twins are evolving to oversee the entire construction life cycle, with a strong emphasis on sustainability across environmental, financial, regulatory, and administrative dimensions. This paper introduces a methodology for managing existing bridges through an adaptable digital twin. The aim of this research is to develop a framework for constructing digital twins that, by enabling structural analysis and “what-if” scenario simulations, supports more reliable maintenance decision-making. Such type of digital twin ensure safety, extend lifespan, and provide a precise database for managing end-of-life processes within a circular “cradle to cradle” framework. This methodology also addresses obsolescence issues related to software evolution and the longer lifespan of a bridge compared to its creator. A case study demonstrates the methodology's effectiveness, showing that digital twins can be flexible, cost-effective tools for managing all types of bridges, including small and existing ones.
数字孪生正在不断发展,以监督整个建筑生命周期,并着重强调环境、财务、监管和行政方面的可持续性。本文介绍了一种通过可调整的数字孪生来管理现有桥梁的方法。这项研究旨在开发一个构建数字孪生的框架,通过结构分析和 "假设 "情景模拟,支持更可靠的维护决策。这种类型的数字孪生可确保安全、延长使用寿命,并为在 "从摇篮到摇篮 "的循环框架内管理报废流程提供精确的数据库。这种方法还能解决与软件进化相关的报废问题,以及与创建者相比桥梁寿命更长的问题。一项案例研究证明了该方法的有效性,表明数字孪生可以成为灵活、经济高效的工具,用于管理各种类型的桥梁,包括小型桥梁和现有桥梁。
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引用次数: 0
Topology-aware mamba for crack segmentation in structures 用于结构裂缝分割的拓扑感知 Mamba
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105845
Xin Zuo , Yu Sheng , Jifeng Shen , Yongwei Shan
CrackMamba, a Mamba-based model, is designed for efficient and accurate crack segmentation for monitoring the structural health of infrastructure. Traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models struggle with limited receptive fields, and while Vision Transformers (ViT) improve segmentation accuracy, they are computationally intensive. CrackMamba addresses these challenges by utilizing the VMambaV2 with pre-trained ImageNet-1 k weights as the encoder and a newly designed decoder for better performance. To handle the random and complex nature of crack development, a Snake Scan module is proposed to reshape crack feature sequences, enhancing feature extraction. Additionally, the three-branch Snake Conv VSS (SCVSS) block is proposed to target cracks more effectively. Experiments show that CrackMamba achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance on the CrackSeg9k and SewerCrack datasets, and demonstrates competitive performance on the retinal vessel segmentation dataset CHASE_DB1, highlighting its generalization capability.
CrackMamba 是一种基于 Mamba 的模型,设计用于高效、准确地分割裂缝,以监测基础设施的结构健康状况。传统的卷积神经网络(CNN)模型在有限的感受野中挣扎,而视觉变换器(ViT)虽然提高了分割精度,但却耗费大量计算资源。CrackMamba 利用 VMambaV2 和预训练的 ImageNet-1 k 权重作为编码器,并采用全新设计的解码器来提高性能,从而解决了这些难题。为了处理裂纹发展的随机性和复杂性,我们提出了蛇形扫描模块来重塑裂纹特征序列,从而加强特征提取。此外,还提出了三分支 Snake Conv VSS(SCVSS)模块,以更有效地锁定裂纹。实验表明,CrackMamba 在 CrackSeg9k 和 SewerCrack 数据集上实现了最先进的性能(SOTA),并在视网膜血管分割数据集 CHASE_DB1 上表现出极具竞争力的性能,突显了其泛化能力。
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引用次数: 0
Virtual in-situ modeling between digital twin and BIM for advanced building operations and maintenance 数字孪生和 BIM 之间的虚拟原位建模,用于先进的楼宇运营和维护
IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105823
Sungmin Yoon , Jeyoon Lee , Jiteng Li , Peng Wang
A virtual model that mathematically represents operational behaviors is essential for implementing the concepts of digital twins (DTs) and building information modeling (BIM) to achieve intelligent, optimal building operations. However, current research lacks an approach to reliably construct virtual models. This paper introduces a concept named virtual in-situ modeling (VIM), designed to comprehensively represent building behaviors. The VIM framework is based on five key aspects: modeling environments, model types, modeling sources, modeling approaches, and model fusion techniques. VIM bridges BIM and DT, enabling virtual modeling during the operational phase and enhancing both BIM-based DT and DT-enhanced BIM. Case studies conducted using real building operations demonstrate the effectiveness of VIM, achieving a highly accuracy (RMSE of 0.24 °C). Additionally, the VIM-assisted fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) provided early detection and diagnostic estimation, outperforming FDD without the virtual model. This paper highlights the potential of VIM for advanced building operations and maintenance.
数字孪生(DTs)和建筑信息建模(BIM)概念的实施,对于实现智能化、最优化的建筑运营而言,一个能以数学方式表达运营行为的虚拟模型至关重要。然而,目前的研究缺乏可靠构建虚拟模型的方法。本文介绍了一种名为 "虚拟原位建模"(VIM)的概念,旨在全面表现建筑行为。VIM 框架基于五个关键方面:建模环境、模型类型、建模来源、建模方法和模型融合技术。VIM 是 BIM 和 DT 的桥梁,可在运营阶段进行虚拟建模,并增强基于 BIM 的 DT 和 DT 增强型 BIM。使用真实建筑运行进行的案例研究证明了 VIM 的有效性,实现了高精度(RMSE 为 0.24 °C)。此外,VIM 辅助故障检测和诊断(FDD)提供了早期检测和诊断估算,其性能优于没有虚拟模型的 FDD。本文强调了 VIM 在先进楼宇运营和维护方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
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Automation in Construction
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