Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-71-77
М.А. Golubkova, I.V. Ogneva
Mechanism of the microgravity-induced changes in the cytoskeleton, reproductive system cells in particular, is still poorly known. We measured the relative content of cytoskeleton proteins and mRNAs in associated genes, levels of lysines 4 and 9 methylation, and lysines 9 and 27 acetylation in histone H3 in ovaries of 5-day Drosophila melanogaster after rotation in a random positioning machine with the aim to investigate the effects of microgravity on the course of hametogenesis. After the exposure in simulated microgravity, β-actin and α-tubulin in fly ovaries were found increased as compared to the control; content of associated mRNAs did not change. There was an increase in the relative content of histone H3 modifications, and also increases in both lysines 9 and 27 acetylation and lysines 4 and 9 methylation. These data shed light on the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of gene expression and development of an adaptive pattern of the reproductive system cell structure in the condition of microgravity.
{"title":"CONTENT OF CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, mRNA OF ASSOCIATED GENES AND POST-TRANSLATIONAL HISTONE MODIFICATIONS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER OVARIES IN THE CONDITION OF SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY","authors":"М.А. Golubkova, I.V. Ogneva","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-71-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-71-77","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanism of the microgravity-induced changes in the cytoskeleton, reproductive system cells in particular, is still poorly known. We measured the relative content of cytoskeleton proteins and mRNAs in associated genes, levels of lysines 4 and 9 methylation, and lysines 9 and 27 acetylation in histone H3 in ovaries of 5-day Drosophila melanogaster after rotation in a random positioning machine with the aim to investigate the effects of microgravity on the course of hametogenesis. After the exposure in simulated microgravity, β-actin and α-tubulin in fly ovaries were found increased as compared to the control; content of associated mRNAs did not change. There was an increase in the relative content of histone H3 modifications, and also increases in both lysines 9 and 27 acetylation and lysines 4 and 9 methylation. These data shed light on the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of gene expression and development of an adaptive pattern of the reproductive system cell structure in the condition of microgravity.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most promising method of root supply in space greenhouses (SG) operating in microgravity is porous membranes together with a capillary-porous salt-saturated artificial soil (AS). AS is a critical consumable that cannot be recycled in space missions. One of the options for increasing the specific harvest of cultures with extended period of commercial vegetation, carrot as an example, can co-cropping with fast-growing greens at the beginning of cultivation. Purpose of this work is experimental testing a technology of co-cropping carrot and leaf vegetables to see whether it will and better the AS efficiency. In a series of 3 experiments carrots were cultivated under a lighting unit with red and white LEDs (PFD in the range of 300 to 600 µmol(m2•s) in root modules stuffed with granular or fiber AS. Co-cultures were lettuce, Japanese turnip and basil. It was demonstrated that PFD at 450 – 550 µmol(m2•s) and water potential in the root zone at [(–0.5) – (–0.8) kPa] are favorable to the carrot and lie within the ranges recommended for cultivation of leaf vegetables in space greenhouses. No negative allelopathic effect was noted during carrot co-cropping with lettuce or Japanese turnip. Carrot cultivation with the Japanese turnip saved the specific, per a crop biomass unit, energy expenditure for lighting. Co-cropping with the Japanese turnip reduced the specific AS expenditure about 4 times; co-cropping with the lettuce reduced AS expenditure in 2.5 times.
{"title":"MEANS TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY OF ARTIFICIAL SOIL USED FOR ROOT CROPS CULTIVATION IN A SPACE GREENHOUSE","authors":"Yu.А. Berkovich, А.М. Beliak, М.R. Bagretsova, D.V. Korshunov, L.I. Savostianova, S.О. Smolianina","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-97-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-97-105","url":null,"abstract":"The most promising method of root supply in space greenhouses (SG) operating in microgravity is porous membranes together with a capillary-porous salt-saturated artificial soil (AS). AS is a critical consumable that cannot be recycled in space missions. One of the options for increasing the specific harvest of cultures with extended period of commercial vegetation, carrot as an example, can co-cropping with fast-growing greens at the beginning of cultivation. Purpose of this work is experimental testing a technology of co-cropping carrot and leaf vegetables to see whether it will and better the AS efficiency. In a series of 3 experiments carrots were cultivated under a lighting unit with red and white LEDs (PFD in the range of 300 to 600 µmol(m2•s) in root modules stuffed with granular or fiber AS. Co-cultures were lettuce, Japanese turnip and basil. It was demonstrated that PFD at 450 – 550 µmol(m2•s) and water potential in the root zone at [(–0.5) – (–0.8) kPa] are favorable to the carrot and lie within the ranges recommended for cultivation of leaf vegetables in space greenhouses. No negative allelopathic effect was noted during carrot co-cropping with lettuce or Japanese turnip. Carrot cultivation with the Japanese turnip saved the specific, per a crop biomass unit, energy expenditure for lighting. Co-cropping with the Japanese turnip reduced the specific AS expenditure about 4 times; co-cropping with the lettuce reduced AS expenditure in 2.5 times.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-87-96
V.А. Alikina, E.V. Tipisova, A.E. Elfimova
We examined male employees at a pulp and paper mill in Arkhangelsk to define risk groups based on frequency of deviations in the main endocrine parameters, i.e. cortisol, thyroxin (Т4), thriiodothyronine (Т3), insulin, somatotropin (STH) and tiroxin-binding globulin (TBG). The control was males who had not worked in the extreme production environment. The investigation stated functional changes in the endocrine system of the PPM employees. These include an exaggerated activity of the pancreas, increased STH production, and misbalance in thyroid hormones with increased levels of Т4 and decreased Т3. Contributing factors were age and work experience, as well as place of residence prior to the employment. Groups of the risk to develop de-adaptive states are 22–25 y.o. people with increased cortisol and decreased STH; 36–50 y.o. people with increased Т4, insulin and STH, and low Т3; people with work experience of 11–15 yrs. and high levels of cortisol, Т4 and somatotropin; people with work experience more than 16 yrs. with high levels of insulin, STH and low Т3level; employees migrated from south regions of this country.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF THE GROUPS OF RISK OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM OVERSTRAINING AMONG EMPLOYEES AT A PULP AND PAPER MILL IN THE ARKHANGELSK OBLAST","authors":"V.А. Alikina, E.V. Tipisova, A.E. Elfimova","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-87-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-87-96","url":null,"abstract":"We examined male employees at a pulp and paper mill in Arkhangelsk to define risk groups based on frequency of deviations in the main endocrine parameters, i.e. cortisol, thyroxin (Т4), thriiodothyronine (Т3), insulin, somatotropin (STH) and tiroxin-binding globulin (TBG). The control was males who had not worked in the extreme production environment. The investigation stated functional changes in the endocrine system of the PPM employees. These include an exaggerated activity of the pancreas, increased STH production, and misbalance in thyroid hormones with increased levels of Т4 and decreased Т3. Contributing factors were age and work experience, as well as place of residence prior to the employment. Groups of the risk to develop de-adaptive states are 22–25 y.o. people with increased cortisol and decreased STH; 36–50 y.o. people with increased Т4, insulin and STH, and low Т3; people with work experience of 11–15 yrs. and high levels of cortisol, Т4 and somatotropin; people with work experience more than 16 yrs. with high levels of insulin, STH and low Т3level; employees migrated from south regions of this country.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-34-43
A. Rodina, A. Zhirnik, O. Vysotskaya, O. Smirnova, Yulia P Semochkina, M. Ratushniak, I. Cheshigin, E. Moskaleva
The study aimed to investigate the effect of low-dose rate (2.13 mGy/h) prolonged γ,n-irradiation at 0.05 and 0.5 Gy on brain microglia, expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes, behavior and cognition of C57Bl/6 mice two months and one year after exposure. The decrease in the number of resting microglia and the increase in the proportion of activated microglia in brain cell preparations were observed after γ,n-irradiation at a dose of 0.5 Gy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the increased number of microglia cells and unaltered number of astrocytes in the hippocampus after γ,n-irradiation at both doses. Expression of TNFα and IL-1β pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in the hippocampus was increased after irradiation at both doses. Expression of TGFβ and IL-4 anti-inflammatory cytokine genes was decreased two months after irradiation only at a dose of 0.5 Gy, suggesting more intensive neuroinflammation. Analysis performed a year later revealed an age-related decrease in the number of resting microglia and increase in proportion of activated microglia compared to young animals, with more profound changes in male mice. The state of microglia in control and irradiated mice was similar one year after exposure. Neither two months nor one year after irradiation the impairments of motor activity and spatial memory of mice were detected; nevertheless, mice irradiated at a dose of 0.5 Gy demonstrated anxious behavior and decreased spatial learning in Morris water maze one year after exposure. In summary, we showed that γ, n-irradiation at doses of 0.05 and 0.5 Gy induced neuroinflammation two months after exposure. No difference from the control mice was observed one year after irradiation. Disturbances of behavior and spatial memory of irradiated mice were not detected.
{"title":"CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MARKERS OF NEUROINFLAMMATION AND STATE OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN A DELAYED PERIOD AFTER PROLONGED γ-, n-IRRADIATION OF MICE AT LOW DOSES","authors":"A. Rodina, A. Zhirnik, O. Vysotskaya, O. Smirnova, Yulia P Semochkina, M. Ratushniak, I. Cheshigin, E. Moskaleva","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-34-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-34-43","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate the effect of low-dose rate (2.13 mGy/h) prolonged γ,n-irradiation at 0.05 and 0.5 Gy on brain microglia, expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes, behavior and cognition of C57Bl/6 mice two months and one year after exposure. The decrease in the number of resting microglia and the increase in the proportion of activated microglia in brain cell preparations were observed after γ,n-irradiation at a dose of 0.5 Gy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the increased number of microglia cells and unaltered number of astrocytes in the hippocampus after γ,n-irradiation at both doses. Expression of TNFα and IL-1β pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in the hippocampus was increased after irradiation at both doses. Expression of TGFβ and IL-4 anti-inflammatory cytokine genes was decreased two months after irradiation only at a dose of 0.5 Gy, suggesting more intensive neuroinflammation. Analysis performed a year later revealed an age-related decrease in the number of resting microglia and increase in proportion of activated microglia compared to young animals, with more profound changes in male mice. The state of microglia in control and irradiated mice was similar one year after exposure. Neither two months nor one year after irradiation the impairments of motor activity and spatial memory of mice were detected; nevertheless, mice irradiated at a dose of 0.5 Gy demonstrated anxious behavior and decreased spatial learning in Morris water maze one year after exposure. In summary, we showed that γ, n-irradiation at doses of 0.05 and 0.5 Gy induced neuroinflammation two months after exposure. No difference from the control mice was observed one year after irradiation. Disturbances of behavior and spatial memory of irradiated mice were not detected.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-5-19
A.P. Berseneva, I.I. Funtova
A new concept of the health doctrine – prenosology – was conceived in space medicine. Roman M. Baevsky was one of the founders. The concept was built not on diagnostics of diseases but assessment of health quality by assigning to one of 4 adaptation states: good, strained, bad, and failure. Mass prenosological examinations of more than 25 thousand people in the period between 1975 and 2005 showed a high effectiveness of this approach in assessment of both personal and group health. It was found that about 20–30 % of people required medical care. In recent decades, the stress level and development of de-adaptation transiting to pathologies within six months have been growing catastrophically. Automated prenosological diagnostics system approved by the Russian Ministry of Health can be instrumental in prophylactic examination to triage the stream of people by the level of adaptation and need of medical care. In future, medicine will certainly be focused on the health of healthy people and prenosology will gain acceptance and progress.
在空间医学中设想了健康学说的一个新概念——先兆学。Roman M. Baevsky是创始人之一。这一概念不是建立在疾病诊断的基础上，而是通过将适应状态分为好、紧张、坏和失败四种来评估健康质量。在1975年至2005年期间，对25 000多人进行的大规模疾病预测检查表明，这种方法在评估个人和群体健康方面非常有效。调查发现，大约20 - 30%的人需要医疗护理。近几十年来，压力水平和在6个月内转变为病理的去适应的发展一直在灾难性地增长。俄罗斯卫生部批准的自动预病诊断系统可用于预防性检查，根据适应水平和医疗保健需求对人群进行分类。在未来，医学一定会关注健康人的健康，预诊学也会得到认可和发展。
{"title":"PRENOSOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS AS A METHODOLOGY OF ORGANISM PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND ITS PLACE IN SPACE AND TERRESTRIAL MEDICINE","authors":"A.P. Berseneva, I.I. Funtova","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-5-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-5-19","url":null,"abstract":"A new concept of the health doctrine – prenosology – was conceived in space medicine. Roman M. Baevsky was one of the founders. The concept was built not on diagnostics of diseases but assessment of health quality by assigning to one of 4 adaptation states: good, strained, bad, and failure. Mass prenosological examinations of more than 25 thousand people in the period between 1975 and 2005 showed a high effectiveness of this approach in assessment of both personal and group health. It was found that about 20–30 % of people required medical care. In recent decades, the stress level and development of de-adaptation transiting to pathologies within six months have been growing catastrophically. Automated prenosological diagnostics system approved by the Russian Ministry of Health can be instrumental in prophylactic examination to triage the stream of people by the level of adaptation and need of medical care. In future, medicine will certainly be focused on the health of healthy people and prenosology will gain acceptance and progress.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135800714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-29-36
S. Belova, К.А. Zaripova, S. Tyganov, O. Turtikova, B. Shenkman
Functional unloading of skeletal muscles enhances proteasome degradation in which the key role is played by Е3-ligases atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF-1. Their expression starts growing on the first day of unloading. There is actually little literature on expression of ubiquitin ligases in dry immersion or bedrest. Our purpose was to investigate MuRF-1 and MAFbx expression and control in postural m. soleus and locomotor m. vastus lateralis during a 21-day bedrest study. The observed reduction of cross-section areas in slow fibers of m. soleus and m. vastus lateralis was accompanied by activation of MuRF-1 and MAFbx in m. soleus and MAFbx in m. vastus lateralis, respectively. The investigation of E3 ligases signal pathways showed an increased expression of myogenin and IL-6 receptors in both muscles, whereas transcriptional activation of FoxO3 was seen in m. soleus only. These results suggest elevated expression of Е3-ubiquitin ligases MuRF-1 and MAFbx in m. soleus and MAFbx in m. vastus lateralis, as well as their key signal pathways in bedrested human subjects. Also, our findings argue against the previously stated notion that degradation of protein has no influence on skeletal muscles atrophy due to hypokinesia.
{"title":"EXPRESSION OF E3-UBIQUITIN LIGASES MURF-1 AND MAFBX IN HUMAN POSTURAL AND LOCOMOTOR MUSCLES DURING HEAD-DOWN HYPOKINESIA","authors":"S. Belova, К.А. Zaripova, S. Tyganov, O. Turtikova, B. Shenkman","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-29-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-29-36","url":null,"abstract":"Functional unloading of skeletal muscles enhances proteasome degradation in which the key role is played by Е3-ligases atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF-1. Their expression starts growing on the first day of unloading. There is actually little literature on expression of ubiquitin ligases in dry immersion or bedrest. Our purpose was to investigate MuRF-1 and MAFbx expression and control in postural m. soleus and locomotor m. vastus lateralis during a 21-day bedrest study. The observed reduction of cross-section areas in slow fibers of m. soleus and m. vastus lateralis was accompanied by activation of MuRF-1 and MAFbx in m. soleus and MAFbx in m. vastus lateralis, respectively. The investigation of E3 ligases signal pathways showed an increased expression of myogenin and IL-6 receptors in both muscles, whereas transcriptional activation of FoxO3 was seen in m. soleus only. These results suggest elevated expression of Е3-ubiquitin ligases MuRF-1 and MAFbx in m. soleus and MAFbx in m. vastus lateralis, as well as their key signal pathways in bedrested human subjects. Also, our findings argue against the previously stated notion that degradation of protein has no influence on skeletal muscles atrophy due to hypokinesia.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-63-66
Yu. B. Moiseev
The paper discusses pilots' injuries following ejection. Structure and character of injuries in the time interval between 2010 and 2020 were essentially identical to those documented previously between 2003 and 2010. There is an upward trend in the rate of severe arm injuries; on the opposite, the rate of leg injuries tends to decrease. Also, there is some difference in the causes for injury. Occurrence of injuries due to issues with the survival equipment increased in 2.4 times, and the adverse effect of air counter-flow that was not the case earlier. On the contrary, injuries following parachuting decreased in 4.7 times. A new cause of severe traumas is an arm-restraint system of the ejection seat.
{"title":"CHARACTER OF INJURIES PILOTS SUSTAIN FROM EJECTION IN THE MODERN PERIOD","authors":"Yu. B. Moiseev","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-63-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-63-66","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses pilots' injuries following ejection. Structure and character of injuries in the time interval between 2010 and 2020 were essentially identical to those documented previously between 2003 and 2010. There is an upward trend in the rate of severe arm injuries; on the opposite, the rate of leg injuries tends to decrease. Also, there is some difference in the causes for injury. Occurrence of injuries due to issues with the survival equipment increased in 2.4 times, and the adverse effect of air counter-flow that was not the case earlier. On the contrary, injuries following parachuting decreased in 4.7 times. A new cause of severe traumas is an arm-restraint system of the ejection seat.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-57-64
E. S. Kriushev
Six male volunteers at the age of 27 to 39 years were participants in an investigation of cerebral circulation and cognitive functions in a 520-d isolation study. Transcranial doppler ultrasonography was used for continuous recording the mean linear blood flow velocity in medial cerebral arteries (MCAs) at rest, during voluntary maximal breath-holding (hypercapnia), and cognitive tests. After the long-term isolation, both MCAs retained a statistically significant increase of the standard deviation of blood flow velocity relative to the values at rest. This finding reflects changes in amplitude of blood flow fluctuations in response to physiological and cognitive tests. Cognitive functions and mean blood flow velocity in both MCAs were not affects by long-term isolation.
{"title":"CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND STATE OF SOME COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN HEALTHY HUMAN SUBJECTS FOLLOWING 520-DAY ISOLATION","authors":"E. S. Kriushev","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-57-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-57-64","url":null,"abstract":"Six male volunteers at the age of 27 to 39 years were participants in an investigation of cerebral circulation and cognitive functions in a 520-d isolation study. Transcranial doppler ultrasonography was used for continuous recording the mean linear blood flow velocity in medial cerebral arteries (MCAs) at rest, during voluntary maximal breath-holding (hypercapnia), and cognitive tests. After the long-term isolation, both MCAs retained a statistically significant increase of the standard deviation of blood flow velocity relative to the values at rest. This finding reflects changes in amplitude of blood flow fluctuations in response to physiological and cognitive tests. Cognitive functions and mean blood flow velocity in both MCAs were not affects by long-term isolation.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-50-56
V. Godilo-Godlevsky, E. Yakovleva, V. S. Vovkodav, D. Anikeev, Y. Voronkov
Functional state of skin microcirculation vessels was studied in female subjects during 3-d dry immersion (DI). Microcirculation was investigated on the forehead, shin, forearm, fingers and toes with the use of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and computer based video capillaroscopy. LDF showed that DI induced local changes in the level of perfusion, largely due to an increased myogenic control of the microvascular tone. Video capillaroscopy detected an upward trend in the number of functioning capillaries after DI; dimensions of the pericapillary zone remained unchanged.
{"title":"FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE SKIN MICROCIRCULATION BED IN HEALTHY FEMALES IN THE CONDITION OF DRY IMMERSION","authors":"V. Godilo-Godlevsky, E. Yakovleva, V. S. Vovkodav, D. Anikeev, Y. Voronkov","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-50-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-50-56","url":null,"abstract":"Functional state of skin microcirculation vessels was studied in female subjects during 3-d dry immersion (DI). Microcirculation was investigated on the forehead, shin, forearm, fingers and toes with the use of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and computer based video capillaroscopy. LDF showed that DI induced local changes in the level of perfusion, largely due to an increased myogenic control of the microvascular tone. Video capillaroscopy detected an upward trend in the number of functioning capillaries after DI; dimensions of the pericapillary zone remained unchanged.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67960142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-77-84
S. Smolianina, D. Korshunov, Yu.A. Morozova, Y. Berkovich, А.А. Ivanova, A. Erokhin, V. Ilyin
One of the methods to deliver nutrients to roots in microgravity is to grow plants on a fiber ion-exchange salted artificial soil (AS) and control the watering potential by a tensiometer made of porous metals. Five experiments with Chinese cabbage crops raised on AS BIONA-V3 laid upon titanic porous membranes provided insight into dynamics of size and composition of a microbial community in the root zone and on roots. It was found that the root zone and roots of healthy crops were populated by bacteria Bacillaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, and micromycetes Mucor sp. Analysis of changes in the number of microorganisms in root zone showed that an increase in micromycetes was parallel to a decrease in Pseudomonadaceae, and conversely. The data infer that these groups of microorganisms are in competitive and/or antagonistic relations. The experiments did not establish a strong dependence between the size of Bacillaceae and Pseudomonadaceae populations which means they do not depress each other.
{"title":"DYNAMICS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY PROPERTIES IN THE ROOT ZONE OF CHINEESE CABBAGE GROWN ON HYDROPHILIC POROUS MEMBRANES COMBINED WITH A FIBER ION-EXCHANGE ARTIFICIAL SOIL","authors":"S. Smolianina, D. Korshunov, Yu.A. Morozova, Y. Berkovich, А.А. Ivanova, A. Erokhin, V. Ilyin","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-77-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-77-84","url":null,"abstract":"One of the methods to deliver nutrients to roots in microgravity is to grow plants on a fiber ion-exchange salted artificial soil (AS) and control the watering potential by a tensiometer made of porous metals. Five experiments with Chinese cabbage crops raised on AS BIONA-V3 laid upon titanic porous membranes provided insight into dynamics of size and composition of a microbial community in the root zone and on roots. It was found that the root zone and roots of healthy crops were populated by bacteria Bacillaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, and micromycetes Mucor sp. Analysis of changes in the number of microorganisms in root zone showed that an increase in micromycetes was parallel to a decrease in Pseudomonadaceae, and conversely. The data infer that these groups of microorganisms are in competitive and/or antagonistic relations. The experiments did not establish a strong dependence between the size of Bacillaceae and Pseudomonadaceae populations which means they do not depress each other.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67960305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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