Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-5-17
S. Stepanova, M. V. Koroleva, V. Galichiy, O. Karpova
The paper considers the interdependence wakefulness and sleep as two basic components of the human diurnal body functioning. Many experimental investigations stated the facts that troubled slumber affects quality of wakefulness, cognitive function specifically, while wakefulness impaired by emotional strain, work overload and ensuing fatigue and overwork results in bad sleep. Russian flight rules relies on interdependence of these diurnal components in setting limit to cosmonaut's work time (6.5 hrs.) and allotting sufficient time for night sleep (8.5 hrs). In reality, these rules are deviated because of scheduled night operations and systematic excessive workloads. Both of these factors provoke the risk of crew health impairment and performance degradation that should be kept in mind as by planners of orbital, so future space exploration missions.
{"title":"INTERDEPENDENCE OF BASIC COMPONENTS OF THE SLEEP-WAKEFULNESS CYCLE AND COSMONAUTS' WORK-REST SCHEDULE","authors":"S. Stepanova, M. V. Koroleva, V. Galichiy, O. Karpova","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-5-17","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the interdependence wakefulness and sleep as two basic components of the human diurnal body functioning. Many experimental investigations stated the facts that troubled slumber affects quality of wakefulness, cognitive function specifically, while wakefulness impaired by emotional strain, work overload and ensuing fatigue and overwork results in bad sleep. Russian flight rules relies on interdependence of these diurnal components in setting limit to cosmonaut's work time (6.5 hrs.) and allotting sufficient time for night sleep (8.5 hrs). In reality, these rules are deviated because of scheduled night operations and systematic excessive workloads. Both of these factors provoke the risk of crew health impairment and performance degradation that should be kept in mind as by planners of orbital, so future space exploration missions.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67960324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is devoted to validation of approaches to evaluation of cardiac rhythm disorders in flying personnel adequate to the present clinical medicine standards and criteria used in medical certification of state aviation pilots. We compared a number of classification criteria in context of their adequacy to the needs of the pilot medical certification community. Clinical classification criteria do not meet in full the requirements of aviation medicine certification. We suggest that cardiac rhythms disorders should be graded with consideration of pilot's functionality.
{"title":"CLINICAL EXPERTISE APPROACHES TO EVALUATION OF CARDIAC RHYTHM DISORDERS IN FLYING PERSONNEL OF THE STATE AVIATION","authors":"Yu.I. Voronkov, V.S. Vovkodav, A.V. Nagovitsin, R.N. Musaeva, V.А. Godilo-Godlevsky","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-42-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-42-48","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to validation of approaches to evaluation of cardiac rhythm disorders in flying personnel adequate to the present clinical medicine standards and criteria used in medical certification of state aviation pilots. We compared a number of classification criteria in context of their adequacy to the needs of the pilot medical certification community. Clinical classification criteria do not meet in full the requirements of aviation medicine certification. We suggest that cardiac rhythms disorders should be graded with consideration of pilot's functionality.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135800737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-78-85
V. Ilyin, S. A. Kusacheva, M. Safronova, V. Ilyichev, I.I. Sashchenko, V.S. Ishmanov, L. Starkova, D. Korshunov
The paper in concerned with development of a procedure for experimental investigations of energy features of an ingenious tight microbial fuel cell model (MFC) in which the energy source is sludge, i.e. organic substances in bottom sediments. Authors consider the organization of electrical parameters collection and data handling program and give recommendations on the use of active sludge electrogenic properties in MFC. Excel tables with results of the investigations can be converted in graphics with the help of Python programs. The main graphic is the cell power dependence on time of operation. Choice of the Python language was driven by the desire to simplify the development of own databases of MFC substances and designs.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCEDURE FOR AN AUTOMATED INVESTIGATION OF ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS","authors":"V. Ilyin, S. A. Kusacheva, M. Safronova, V. Ilyichev, I.I. Sashchenko, V.S. Ishmanov, L. Starkova, D. Korshunov","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-78-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-78-85","url":null,"abstract":"The paper in concerned with development of a procedure for experimental investigations of energy features of an ingenious tight microbial fuel cell model (MFC) in which the energy source is sludge, i.e. organic substances in bottom sediments. Authors consider the organization of electrical parameters collection and data handling program and give recommendations on the use of active sludge electrogenic properties in MFC. Excel tables with results of the investigations can be converted in graphics with the help of Python programs. The main graphic is the cell power dependence on time of operation. Choice of the Python language was driven by the desire to simplify the development of own databases of MFC substances and designs.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-49-62
E. V. Zibarev, I. Bukhtiyarov, O. K. Kravchenko, А.А. Klimov, S. N. Ivashov
Input of various risk factors into aviation accidents (AAs) was examined using the circumstance study reports of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC). In the period of 2010–2021, IAC investigated 89 AAs with heavy aircrafts (HA, maximum take-off mass exceeding 5 700 kg) including 65 vehicles manufactured in Russia and 18 vehicles manufactured by foreign companies, and also 6 AAs with aircrafts belonging to foreign air transport companies. The study reviewed the data on AA occurrence, number of the injured and causative factors. It was concluded that 49.7 % AAs were associated to a degree with the human factor. For instance, 8.4 % AAs were due to an error caused by fatigue because of circadian rhythm disruptions. The most important contributors to the risk are night flights, both high and low workload, work schedule, length of rest period and annual leave, and environmental factors (noise) that individually and in combination may increase the AA risk in 3 to 5 times.
{"title":"ROLE OF FATIGUE OF CIVIL AVIATION AIRCREWS IN GENESIS OF AVIATION ACCIDENTS","authors":"E. V. Zibarev, I. Bukhtiyarov, O. K. Kravchenko, А.А. Klimov, S. N. Ivashov","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-49-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-49-62","url":null,"abstract":"Input of various risk factors into aviation accidents (AAs) was examined using the circumstance study reports of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC). In the period of 2010–2021, IAC investigated 89 AAs with heavy aircrafts (HA, maximum take-off mass exceeding 5 700 kg) including 65 vehicles manufactured in Russia and 18 vehicles manufactured by foreign companies, and also 6 AAs with aircrafts belonging to foreign air transport companies. The study reviewed the data on AA occurrence, number of the injured and causative factors. It was concluded that 49.7 % AAs were associated to a degree with the human factor. For instance, 8.4 % AAs were due to an error caused by fatigue because of circadian rhythm disruptions. The most important contributors to the risk are night flights, both high and low workload, work schedule, length of rest period and annual leave, and environmental factors (noise) that individually and in combination may increase the AA risk in 3 to 5 times.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-20-26
D. D. Vlasova, A. Sadova, N. S. Germanov, V. Galina, V. A. Shmarov, O. Kutko, M. Rykova, E. Antropova, M. I. Koloteva, E. Lysenko, K. Orlova, S. Ponomarev
Here, we report the changes in the expression of TLR-associated genes, genes of NF-kB, AP-1, and TLR4 pathways, genes coding for apoptotic proteins, cytokines, and chemokines, after rotation on the short-arm centrifuge. The study involved 10 almost healthy male volunteers aged 25-40. CD14+ monocytes were isolated from the testers’ blood before and after the exposure to the artificial gravity. The cells were incubated with TLR1-9 ligands for 24 hours to assess the monocytes’ reserve potential. The gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR. In sum, no negative effect of rotation on the short-arm centrifuge on the functioning of TLR-associated branch of innate immunity was detected.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY MODELLED IN SHORT-ARM CENTRIFUGE ON THE EXPRESSION OF TLR-ASSOCIATED GENES OF INNATE IMMUNITY","authors":"D. D. Vlasova, A. Sadova, N. S. Germanov, V. Galina, V. A. Shmarov, O. Kutko, M. Rykova, E. Antropova, M. I. Koloteva, E. Lysenko, K. Orlova, S. Ponomarev","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-20-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-20-26","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report the changes in the expression of TLR-associated genes, genes of NF-kB, AP-1, and TLR4 pathways, genes coding for apoptotic proteins, cytokines, and chemokines, after rotation on the short-arm centrifuge. The study involved 10 almost healthy male volunteers aged 25-40. CD14+ monocytes were isolated from the testers’ blood before and after the exposure to the artificial gravity. The cells were incubated with TLR1-9 ligands for 24 hours to assess the monocytes’ reserve potential. The gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR. In sum, no negative effect of rotation on the short-arm centrifuge on the functioning of TLR-associated branch of innate immunity was detected.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-33-38
O. V. Perevedentsev, О.I. Orlov, R. Chernogorov
The paper deals with analysis of the possibility to apply artificial neural networks for health evaluation in the series of isolation studies launched at IBMP in 2017 (SIRIUS project). Indeed, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with an original architecture increased precision of forecasting health dynamics. Daily self check-ups by spacecrew members with the use of RNNs may help detect negative trends in organism and undertake preventive actions.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF RECURRENT NEURON NETWORKS IN PROGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF MEDICAL MONITORING DATA FROM PARTICIPANTS IN ISOLATION STUDY «SIRIUS-21»","authors":"O. V. Perevedentsev, О.I. Orlov, R. Chernogorov","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-33-38","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with analysis of the possibility to apply artificial neural networks for health evaluation in the series of isolation studies launched at IBMP in 2017 (SIRIUS project). Indeed, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with an original architecture increased precision of forecasting health dynamics. Daily self check-ups by spacecrew members with the use of RNNs may help detect negative trends in organism and undertake preventive actions.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-47-56
D. N. Kashirina, L. Pastushkova, A. G. Brzhozovsky, А. S. Kononikhin, E. Nikolaev, I. Larina
Chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze dried blood spots collected from 6 female volunteers in a 3-d dry immersion (DI) in order to detect proteins involved in acute adaptation of the female physiological systems. Sampling was performed before DI, every day in DI and on the next day after DI completion. Proteomic analysis evidenced an immediate reaction of proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and proteasome degradation of proteins. On DI day-2, we saw a reaction of immune response proteins and decreased PEDF level, an angiogenesis inhibitor that controls many processes, including heart protection from injuries. On DI-3, the response was joined by proteins participating in processes of the complement cascade and coagulation, platelet degranulation, hemostasis, extracellular matrix formation, glycolysis, water-salt balance, antioxidant system, and the neutrophils involving defense response. It should be noted that levels of histidine triad 1 nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) and myosin light chain 4 (MYL4) that play an important role in cardiac adaptation to a volume overload were found increased on DI day-3. Two days after DI, proteins did not all had returned to baseline levels. Changes in the level of proteins involved in lipid metabolism were observed only after DI completion.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF 3-DAY IMMERSION ON BLOOD PROTEOME IN FEMALE VOLUNTEERS","authors":"D. N. Kashirina, L. Pastushkova, A. G. Brzhozovsky, А. S. Kononikhin, E. Nikolaev, I. Larina","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-47-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-2-47-56","url":null,"abstract":"Chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze dried blood spots collected from 6 female volunteers in a 3-d dry immersion (DI) in order to detect proteins involved in acute adaptation of the female physiological systems. Sampling was performed before DI, every day in DI and on the next day after DI completion. Proteomic analysis evidenced an immediate reaction of proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and proteasome degradation of proteins. On DI day-2, we saw a reaction of immune response proteins and decreased PEDF level, an angiogenesis inhibitor that controls many processes, including heart protection from injuries. On DI-3, the response was joined by proteins participating in processes of the complement cascade and coagulation, platelet degranulation, hemostasis, extracellular matrix formation, glycolysis, water-salt balance, antioxidant system, and the neutrophils involving defense response. It should be noted that levels of histidine triad 1 nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) and myosin light chain 4 (MYL4) that play an important role in cardiac adaptation to a volume overload were found increased on DI day-3. Two days after DI, proteins did not all had returned to baseline levels. Changes in the level of proteins involved in lipid metabolism were observed only after DI completion.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67958966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-42-49
G. Kovrov, D. Shved, O. N. Isaeva, S. Lebedeva, A. Chernikova, V. Gushchin
One of the symptoms of asthenia in space flight is a decrement of cognitive efficiency, memory and concentration. A demand exists for simple noninvasive methods to forecast appearance of cognitive shifts. It is hypothesized that blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) measured in the morning can predict the psychomotor reactions as at the time of measurement, so in the course of the day (medium-term prediction). The investigation involved 6 volunteers (29-44 y.o.) for a 120-day isolation study. The protocol included 5-min ECG and BP measurement soon after awakening, and HRV evaluation. The classic simple ocular-motor reaction (SOMR) test was performed before and then after midday. Regression analysis of reaction duration and stability showed that SOMR time correlated with the homeostatic parameters (BP, HR); stability of SOCM duration correlated both BP and HR, and parameters reflecting HR regulation processes. Elevated diastolic BP correlated with an increase of reaction duration irrespective of whether the test was performed before or in midday. Elevation of diastolic BP and autonomic balance shift toward the sympathetic activity in the morning correlated with a loss in SOMR stability no matter when the test was performed.
{"title":"MEDIUM-TERM PREDICTION OF THE SPEED OF SIMPLE OCULAR-MOTOR REACTION BY VALUES OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY","authors":"G. Kovrov, D. Shved, O. N. Isaeva, S. Lebedeva, A. Chernikova, V. Gushchin","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-42-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-3-42-49","url":null,"abstract":"One of the symptoms of asthenia in space flight is a decrement of cognitive efficiency, memory and concentration. A demand exists for simple noninvasive methods to forecast appearance of cognitive shifts. It is hypothesized that blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) measured in the morning can predict the psychomotor reactions as at the time of measurement, so in the course of the day (medium-term prediction). The investigation involved 6 volunteers (29-44 y.o.) for a 120-day isolation study. The protocol included 5-min ECG and BP measurement soon after awakening, and HRV evaluation. The classic simple ocular-motor reaction (SOMR) test was performed before and then after midday. Regression analysis of reaction duration and stability showed that SOMR time correlated with the homeostatic parameters (BP, HR); stability of SOCM duration correlated both BP and HR, and parameters reflecting HR regulation processes. Elevated diastolic BP correlated with an increase of reaction duration irrespective of whether the test was performed before or in midday. Elevation of diastolic BP and autonomic balance shift toward the sympathetic activity in the morning correlated with a loss in SOMR stability no matter when the test was performed.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67960069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comprehensive investigation of auto-probiotic prophylaxis of dysbiosis symptoms included, testing the methods of prolonged preservation of human microbial associations, and their potential use as probiotic substances during long-term isolation. The investigation was performed in a 14-d isolation study with participation of 6 human subjects. Over 7 days starting from the day of egress, 4 subjects consumed a priobiotic beverage, i.e. kefir supplemented for each one with own isolated Lactobacillaceae strains. Two subjects did not receive probiotic beverages. In the group of subjects who had consumed kefirs the number of lactobacilli stabilized. An increased number of Bacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. and a decreased number of enterococci imply the benefits from the autoprobiotic beverage. After the egress, the upper airway (UA) microflora decreased abruptly; however, rise of the dyspnea index by the end of kefir consumption suggested UA microflora stabilization. Feces analysis after 6-month cryopreservation at –80 ºС showed that opportunistic microorganisms decreased considerably in samples of all subjects. Noteworthy is that numbers of Lactobacillaceae before and after cryopreservation did not differ much and reductions in Bifidobacterium spp. and E. coli were within the physiological norm margins. Our cryopreservation findings attest to potential applicability of the technology in extended space missions for preserving the intestinal bacteria consortium to be used for mixing autoprobiotic substances.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE PROBIOTIC ACTIVITY OF LACTOBACILLACEAE AUTO- STRAINS REGENERATED FOLLOWING A PROLONGED CRYOPRESERVATION IN A STUDY WITH ISOLATION","authors":"D.V. Komissarova, V.K. Ilyin, К.А. Shef, N.A. Usanova, Yu.A. Morozova","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-64-70","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive investigation of auto-probiotic prophylaxis of dysbiosis symptoms included, testing the methods of prolonged preservation of human microbial associations, and their potential use as probiotic substances during long-term isolation. The investigation was performed in a 14-d isolation study with participation of 6 human subjects. Over 7 days starting from the day of egress, 4 subjects consumed a priobiotic beverage, i.e. kefir supplemented for each one with own isolated Lactobacillaceae strains. Two subjects did not receive probiotic beverages. In the group of subjects who had consumed kefirs the number of lactobacilli stabilized. An increased number of Bacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. and a decreased number of enterococci imply the benefits from the autoprobiotic beverage. After the egress, the upper airway (UA) microflora decreased abruptly; however, rise of the dyspnea index by the end of kefir consumption suggested UA microflora stabilization. Feces analysis after 6-month cryopreservation at –80 ºС showed that opportunistic microorganisms decreased considerably in samples of all subjects. Noteworthy is that numbers of Lactobacillaceae before and after cryopreservation did not differ much and reductions in Bifidobacterium spp. and E. coli were within the physiological norm margins. Our cryopreservation findings attest to potential applicability of the technology in extended space missions for preserving the intestinal bacteria consortium to be used for mixing autoprobiotic substances.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135800924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-21-28
A. Gornostaeva, L. Buravkova
Sensitivity of natural killers (NK) to the immunosuppressive effect of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was investigated in vitroa 21-d dry immersion (DI) study with participation of normal human subjects. DI affected the NK sensitivity to IL-2 and IL-15 stimulation, expression of activating markers HLA-DR, CD314 and CD226, total paracrine activity and production of key anti-inflammatory mediators such as MIP-1b, MIP-1a, RANTES, IL-1a, IL-1b, etc. Prior to DI, the MSCs action on NK showed itself as suppression of late activation. During DI, the MSCs effects grew weak; however, interaction with MSCs smoothed out DI influence on the paracrine activity by stimulation of cytokines secretion. Therefore, DI decreased the NK sensitivity both to the activating stimuli and MSCs.
{"title":"IMMUNOMODULATOR SENSITIVITY OF INNATEIMMUNITY CELLS IN HEALTHY HUMAN SUBJECTS DURING 21-DAY DRY IMMERSION","authors":"A. Gornostaeva, L. Buravkova","doi":"10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-1-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitivity of natural killers (NK) to the immunosuppressive effect of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was investigated in vitroa 21-d dry immersion (DI) study with participation of normal human subjects. DI affected the NK sensitivity to IL-2 and IL-15 stimulation, expression of activating markers HLA-DR, CD314 and CD226, total paracrine activity and production of key anti-inflammatory mediators such as MIP-1b, MIP-1a, RANTES, IL-1a, IL-1b, etc. Prior to DI, the MSCs action on NK showed itself as suppression of late activation. During DI, the MSCs effects grew weak; however, interaction with MSCs smoothed out DI influence on the paracrine activity by stimulation of cytokines secretion. Therefore, DI decreased the NK sensitivity both to the activating stimuli and MSCs.","PeriodicalId":8683,"journal":{"name":"Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67957262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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