The research was carried out at Al-Hanadi Research Station - Lattakia Agricultural Scientific Research Center, during spring season 2020 .To experience the effect of different potassium humate levels 500,1000,1500 ppm as a foliar spray on potato leaves variety Spunta , at 40 and 80% of field capacity humidity . The research involved four treatments with 3 replicates at each irrigation level. A Completely Randomized design was used. Plants were sprayed with potassium humate HA three times, with an interval of ten days after 35 days of planting. The results showed that water stress caused an increase in total soluble sugars, proline content and catalase activity in Spunta potato leaves, but total chlorophyll content was decreased. Potassium humate treatments improved biochemical parameters at 40% of field capacity. Potassium humate 1000 ppm treatment increased significantly total chlorophyll content 0.142 mmol/mg, and total soluble sugars 1.67mg/g in Spunta leaves ,while 1500 ppm treatment increased significantly proline content 45.65 ppm and catalase activity 0.04 mg/g at the same level 40% . Also, at 80% of field capacity, potassium humate 1000 ppm increased the total chlorophyll content 0.140 mmol/mg and proline content in potato leaves 11.63 ppm. Thus, potassium humate can be applied at a concentration 1000 and 1500 ppm to enhance the efficiency of potato plant Spunta tolerance under water shortage conditions.
{"title":"Effect of potassium humate spray on some biochemical characteristics in potato leaves Solanum tuberosum under water stress conditions","authors":"Hadia Hassan, Sawsan Suleiman, Maher Dais","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8002","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out at Al-Hanadi Research Station - Lattakia Agricultural Scientific Research Center, during spring season 2020 .To experience the effect of different potassium humate levels 500,1000,1500 ppm as a foliar spray on potato leaves variety Spunta , at 40 and 80% of field capacity humidity . The research involved four treatments with 3 replicates at each irrigation level. A Completely Randomized design was used. Plants were sprayed with potassium humate HA three times, with an interval of ten days after 35 days of planting. The results showed that water stress caused an increase in total soluble sugars, proline content and catalase activity in Spunta potato leaves, but total chlorophyll content was decreased. Potassium humate treatments improved biochemical parameters at 40% of field capacity. Potassium humate 1000 ppm treatment increased significantly total chlorophyll content 0.142 mmol/mg, and total soluble sugars 1.67mg/g in Spunta leaves ,while 1500 ppm treatment increased significantly proline content 45.65 ppm and catalase activity 0.04 mg/g at the same level 40% . Also, at 80% of field capacity, potassium humate 1000 ppm increased the total chlorophyll content 0.140 mmol/mg and proline content in potato leaves 11.63 ppm. Thus, potassium humate can be applied at a concentration 1000 and 1500 ppm to enhance the efficiency of potato plant Spunta tolerance under water shortage conditions.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, it is proved that if a C0-semigroup is chaotic, hypermixing or supermixing, then the related left multiplication C0-semigroup on the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators is recurrent if and only if it is hypercyclic. Also, it is stated that under some conditions recurrence of a C0-semigroup and the recurrency of the left multiplication C0-semigroup that is related to it, on the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators are equivalent. Moreover, some sufficient conditions for recurrency and hypercyclicity of the left multiplication C0-semigroup are presented that are based on dense subsets
{"title":"Recurrency on the Space of Hilbert-Schmidt Operators","authors":"Mansooreh Moosapoor","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8870","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, it is proved that if a C0-semigroup is chaotic, hypermixing or supermixing, then the related left multiplication C0-semigroup on the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators is recurrent if and only if it is hypercyclic. Also, it is stated that under some conditions recurrence of a C0-semigroup and the recurrency of the left multiplication C0-semigroup that is related to it, on the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators are equivalent. Moreover, some sufficient conditions for recurrency and hypercyclicity of the left multiplication C0-semigroup are presented that are based on dense subsets","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazar Salih, Mohamed Ksantini, Nebras Hussein, Donia Ben Halima, Ali Abdul Razzaq, Sohaib Ahmed
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most common cause of irreversible childhood blindness, and its diagnosis and treatment rely on subjective grading based on retinal vascular features. However, this method is laborious and error-prone, so automated approaches are desirable for greater precision and productivity. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based strategy to accurately diagnose the plus disease of ROP in preterm newborns using transfer learning models and a fusion classification technique. The Private Clinic Al-Amal Eye Center in Baghdad, Iraq, provided us with 2776 ROP screening fundus images between 2015 and 2020, and the images were used to train three deep convolutional neural network models (ResNet50, Densenet161, and EfficientNetB5). A fusion classifier approach was used to merge the three models for a thorough and precise diagnosis. The three models have relative accuracy rates of 69.78%, 80.57 %, and 81.29 % in their respective classifications. The overall accuracy, however, increased to 90.28 percent when the fusion classifier was employed. This shows that the proposed method helps identify ROP in premature infants. The study's findings imply the proposed method has the potential to significantly enhance the precision and speed with which ROP is diagnosed, which in turn could lead to earlier detection and treatment of the illness and a decreased likelihood of childhood blindness.
{"title":"Deep Learning Models and Fusion Classification Technique for Accurate Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Newborn","authors":"Nazar Salih, Mohamed Ksantini, Nebras Hussein, Donia Ben Halima, Ali Abdul Razzaq, Sohaib Ahmed","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8747","url":null,"abstract":"Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most common cause of irreversible childhood blindness, and its diagnosis and treatment rely on subjective grading based on retinal vascular features. However, this method is laborious and error-prone, so automated approaches are desirable for greater precision and productivity. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based strategy to accurately diagnose the plus disease of ROP in preterm newborns using transfer learning models and a fusion classification technique. The Private Clinic Al-Amal Eye Center in Baghdad, Iraq, provided us with 2776 ROP screening fundus images between 2015 and 2020, and the images were used to train three deep convolutional neural network models (ResNet50, Densenet161, and EfficientNetB5). A fusion classifier approach was used to merge the three models for a thorough and precise diagnosis. The three models have relative accuracy rates of 69.78%, 80.57 %, and 81.29 % in their respective classifications. The overall accuracy, however, increased to 90.28 percent when the fusion classifier was employed. This shows that the proposed method helps identify ROP in premature infants. The study's findings imply the proposed method has the potential to significantly enhance the precision and speed with which ROP is diagnosed, which in turn could lead to earlier detection and treatment of the illness and a decreased likelihood of childhood blindness.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infectious diseases pose a global challenge, necessitating an exploration of novel methodologies for diagnostics and treatments. Since the onset of the most recent pandemic, COVID-19, which was initially identified as a worldwide health crisis, numerous countries experienced profound disruptions in their healthcare systems. To combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the globe have mobilized significant efforts and resources to develop treatments and vaccines. Researchers have put forth a multitude of approaches for COVID-19 detection, treatment protocols, and vaccine development, including groundbreaking mRNA technology, among others. This matter represents not only a scientific endeavor but also an essential addition to our arsenal for combating infectious diseases. This concern is underscored by the inclusion of eleven articles in this issue, each highlighting the urgent need to boost global resources for investigating, detecting, treating, and responding to emerging infections. Furthermore, there is a pressing call for the effective coordination and guidance of Arabian research initiatives, in conjunction with the efforts of Afro-Asian countries, to collectively address the challenges at hand and enhance overall outcomes. This special issue of Baghdad Science Journal on COVID-19 and anti-infective strategies provides an overview of infectious disease and anti-infective strategies management for detection, treatment protocol, and vaccine development including mRNA with many other strategies, by publishing articles on recent research concepts.
{"title":"Editorial: Current advances in anti-infective strategies","authors":"A. M. S. Almohaidi, Fikrat M. Hassan, H. Rothan","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.9731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.9731","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases pose a global challenge, necessitating an exploration of novel methodologies for diagnostics and treatments. Since the onset of the most recent pandemic, COVID-19, which was initially identified as a worldwide health crisis, numerous countries experienced profound disruptions in their healthcare systems. To combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the globe have mobilized significant efforts and resources to develop treatments and vaccines. Researchers have put forth a multitude of approaches for COVID-19 detection, treatment protocols, and vaccine development, including groundbreaking mRNA technology, among others. This matter represents not only a scientific endeavor but also an essential addition to our arsenal for combating infectious diseases. This concern is underscored by the inclusion of eleven articles in this issue, each highlighting the urgent need to boost global resources for investigating, detecting, treating, and responding to emerging infections. Furthermore, there is a pressing call for the effective coordination and guidance of Arabian research initiatives, in conjunction with the efforts of Afro-Asian countries, to collectively address the challenges at hand and enhance overall outcomes. This special issue of Baghdad Science Journal on COVID-19 and anti-infective strategies provides an overview of infectious disease and anti-infective strategies management for detection, treatment protocol, and vaccine development including mRNA with many other strategies, by publishing articles on recent research concepts.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benyoussef Abdellaoui, Ahmed Remaida, Zineb Sabri, Younes EL BOUZEKRI EL IDRISSI, Aniss Moumen
Distance learning is one of the teaching and learning approaches adopted after the COVID-19 pandemic. The task of getting learners interested in class is difficult for the professors. In this research, a mechanism has been developed to estimate student engagement levels and emotions. Visual data from recorded videos of students participating in learning courses are utilized due to the availability of multiple methods for measuring student engagement levels. The data from the videos recorded and sent by students is processed to determine the extent of student engagement and identify their emotions. The system has been implemented and tested, enabling the evaluation of student attention. Several algorithms and techniques have been used to implement our prototype as CNN. A private dataset has been created to train and evaluate the model. The results show that it is possible to measure participation, learn about feelings, and use them to make decisions in favor of student outcomes and improve teaching and learning methods. This technology can be applied in other scenes, such as self-driving and security, with a minor adjustment.
{"title":"Emotion Detection and Student Engagement in Distance Learning During Containment Due to the COVID-19","authors":"Benyoussef Abdellaoui, Ahmed Remaida, Zineb Sabri, Younes EL BOUZEKRI EL IDRISSI, Aniss Moumen","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8698","url":null,"abstract":"Distance learning is one of the teaching and learning approaches adopted after the COVID-19 pandemic. The task of getting learners interested in class is difficult for the professors. In this research, a mechanism has been developed to estimate student engagement levels and emotions. Visual data from recorded videos of students participating in learning courses are utilized due to the availability of multiple methods for measuring student engagement levels. The data from the videos recorded and sent by students is processed to determine the extent of student engagement and identify their emotions. The system has been implemented and tested, enabling the evaluation of student attention. Several algorithms and techniques have been used to implement our prototype as CNN. A private dataset has been created to train and evaluate the model. The results show that it is possible to measure participation, learn about feelings, and use them to make decisions in favor of student outcomes and improve teaching and learning methods. This technology can be applied in other scenes, such as self-driving and security, with a minor adjustment.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, the effect of the rotation variable and other variables on the peristaltic flow of Powell-Eyring fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel with an inclining magnetic field through a porous medium with heat transfer is examined. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number are assumed, where the perturbation approach is used to solve the nonlinear governing equations in the Cartesian coordinate system to produce series solutions. distributions of velocity and pressure gradients are expressed mathematically. Through the collection of figures, the impact of various criteria is explained and graphically represented. These numerical results were attained using the mathematical application MATHEMATICA.
{"title":"Effect of Different Parameters on Powell-Eyring Fluid Peristaltic Flow with the Influence of a Rotation and Heat Transform in an Inclined Asymmetric Channel","authors":"Rana Ghazi Ibraheem, Liqaa Zeki Hummady","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8360","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the effect of the rotation variable and other variables on the peristaltic flow of Powell-Eyring fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel with an inclining magnetic field through a porous medium with heat transfer is examined. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number are assumed, where the perturbation approach is used to solve the nonlinear governing equations in the Cartesian coordinate system to produce series solutions. distributions of velocity and pressure gradients are expressed mathematically. Through the collection of figures, the impact of various criteria is explained and graphically represented. These numerical results were attained using the mathematical application MATHEMATICA.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was devoted to characterizing the water quality of Smaquli Dam, based on the calculation method of using the Water Quality Index (WQI) for drinking, irrigation and fish farming purposes. Water samples were collected from eight sites monthly from September 2021 to June 2022. The water quality index (WQI) was determined for drinking purposes based on the most important fifteen physical and chemical parameters, including; pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium and magnesium ions, sodium, potassium, chloride, nitrite, nitrate and sulphate. The relative weight of each parameter varied from 1 to 5 based on the most critical important parameter essential for aquatic life, domestic use and household. The results indicated that the water of the Smaquli Dam, with its inlet and outlet, is suitable for drinking after traditional treatment (DWQI) of all sites ranging from (68.11 to 83.93). However, for the irrigation water quality index (IWQI), studied samples were analyzed for EC, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium (Na+1), chloride (Cl-1) and bicarbonate (HCO3-1) contents. The results of (IWQI) ranged from (68.84 to 70.20), which means that the water samples fall within the class of low (LR) and moderate restriction category (MR) for irrigation purposes. Finally, six parameters including: pH, turbidity, TDS, DO, Total Hardness and Nitrate were determined to evaluate Smaquli dam water quality for fish farming based on standard limits for each parameter. The results for all parameters of all locations were within the permissible standard limit for fish farming except total hardness parameter.
{"title":"Water Quality Assessment of Smaquli Dam- Erbil for Drinking, Irrigation and Fish Farming","authors":"Glena Ali Mahmood, Farhad Hassan Aziz","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8320","url":null,"abstract":"This study was devoted to characterizing the water quality of Smaquli Dam, based on the calculation method of using the Water Quality Index (WQI) for drinking, irrigation and fish farming purposes. Water samples were collected from eight sites monthly from September 2021 to June 2022. The water quality index (WQI) was determined for drinking purposes based on the most important fifteen physical and chemical parameters, including; pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium and magnesium ions, sodium, potassium, chloride, nitrite, nitrate and sulphate. The relative weight of each parameter varied from 1 to 5 based on the most critical important parameter essential for aquatic life, domestic use and household. The results indicated that the water of the Smaquli Dam, with its inlet and outlet, is suitable for drinking after traditional treatment (DWQI) of all sites ranging from (68.11 to 83.93). However, for the irrigation water quality index (IWQI), studied samples were analyzed for EC, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium (Na+1), chloride (Cl-1) and bicarbonate (HCO3-1) contents. The results of (IWQI) ranged from (68.84 to 70.20), which means that the water samples fall within the class of low (LR) and moderate restriction category (MR) for irrigation purposes. Finally, six parameters including: pH, turbidity, TDS, DO, Total Hardness and Nitrate were determined to evaluate Smaquli dam water quality for fish farming based on standard limits for each parameter. The results for all parameters of all locations were within the permissible standard limit for fish farming except total hardness parameter.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Duku are endemic plants of Jambi Province, Indonesia. They inhabit and used to grow well in alluvial along riverbanks, but lately have experienced sudden death disease outbreaks for the last decades. This situation has been prevalent since the frequent flooding due to the depletion of forest areas upstream. Since it is caused by water mold Phytophthora palmivora, it was supposed that sudden death disease should only occur in wet areas, but factually, the disease is also found in dry areas. This inspired us to investigate other soil biology factors of its rhizosphere in wet and dry habitats. Samples came from the rhizosphere of diseased and healthy duku in several alluvial areas of the Batang Hari River representing wet and dry habitats. This study found that the soil microbial community in dry and wet habitats was inhabited by mycorrhizal communities, bacteria, and fungi. The relative abundance of microbes in dry and wet habitats in healthy and diseased plants showed varied species. In the wet habitat-healthy plants, the relative abundance of Sclerocytis was 33.33%, Gigaspora 33.34%, and Glomus 33.33%. In the wet habitat-diseased plants, the relative abundance of mycorrhizae was Sclerocytis 66.67%, Glomus 33.33%, and no Gigaspora. The bacteria group was found to be the largest at 70,49% in dry habitats and 72.13% in wet habitats. The fungal group was 14,08% in dry and 16.39% in wet habitats. Mycorrhiza showed the smallest percentage in the rhizosphere of duku plants. We found that VAM correlated negatively with N, and P in the rhizosphere, and Glomus sp. existence correlated positively with soil K.
{"title":"Biodiversity and Microorganisms Variation of Endemic Duku (Lancium domesticum Corr.) Rhizosphere in the Wet and Dry Main Growing Site in Jambi, Indonesia","authors":"Islah Hayati, Husda Marwan, Weni Wilia","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.9090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.9090","url":null,"abstract":"Duku are endemic plants of Jambi Province, Indonesia. They inhabit and used to grow well in alluvial along riverbanks, but lately have experienced sudden death disease outbreaks for the last decades. This situation has been prevalent since the frequent flooding due to the depletion of forest areas upstream. Since it is caused by water mold Phytophthora palmivora, it was supposed that sudden death disease should only occur in wet areas, but factually, the disease is also found in dry areas. This inspired us to investigate other soil biology factors of its rhizosphere in wet and dry habitats. Samples came from the rhizosphere of diseased and healthy duku in several alluvial areas of the Batang Hari River representing wet and dry habitats. This study found that the soil microbial community in dry and wet habitats was inhabited by mycorrhizal communities, bacteria, and fungi. The relative abundance of microbes in dry and wet habitats in healthy and diseased plants showed varied species. In the wet habitat-healthy plants, the relative abundance of Sclerocytis was 33.33%, Gigaspora 33.34%, and Glomus 33.33%. In the wet habitat-diseased plants, the relative abundance of mycorrhizae was Sclerocytis 66.67%, Glomus 33.33%, and no Gigaspora. The bacteria group was found to be the largest at 70,49% in dry habitats and 72.13% in wet habitats. The fungal group was 14,08% in dry and 16.39% in wet habitats. Mycorrhiza showed the smallest percentage in the rhizosphere of duku plants. We found that VAM correlated negatively with N, and P in the rhizosphere, and Glomus sp. existence correlated positively with soil K.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The investigation's objective is to develop a new spectrophotometric method for determining methyldopa in both pure and pharmaceutical forms. The proposed process produces a colorful product by combining methyldopa with anisidine in the presence of potassium nitroprusside and sodium hydroxide. The effects of several factors on reaction yield were investigated, including the reagent concentration, reaction time and color stability period and the settings were optimized. The absorbance at 597 nm of the colored product was monitored spectrophotometrically. In concentration ranges of 0.50 to 80.0 µg. mL-1 the plots were linear, sandell’s sensitivity was 0.0218μg∙cm-1, the correlation coefficient was found to be (r = 0.9992). The detection limit was 0.0353μg∙ml-1, and the limit of quantitation was 0.2691μg∙ml-1. The reaction ratio between methyldopa and anisidine was studied and found to be 1:1. The proposed approach was validated and results obtained for the assay of three different brands of methyldopa tablets were compared with the BP method.
{"title":"A New Visible Spectrophotometric Approach for Determination of Methyldopa in Pharmaceuticals","authors":"Sahar Rihan Fadhel, Rusul Mazin Kaddouri","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8558","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation's objective is to develop a new spectrophotometric method for determining methyldopa in both pure and pharmaceutical forms. The proposed process produces a colorful product by combining methyldopa with anisidine in the presence of potassium nitroprusside and sodium hydroxide. The effects of several factors on reaction yield were investigated, including the reagent concentration, reaction time and color stability period and the settings were optimized. The absorbance at 597 nm of the colored product was monitored spectrophotometrically. In concentration ranges of 0.50 to 80.0 µg. mL-1 the plots were linear, sandell’s sensitivity was 0.0218μg∙cm-1, the correlation coefficient was found to be (r = 0.9992). The detection limit was 0.0353μg∙ml-1, and the limit of quantitation was 0.2691μg∙ml-1. The reaction ratio between methyldopa and anisidine was studied and found to be 1:1. The proposed approach was validated and results obtained for the assay of three different brands of methyldopa tablets were compared with the BP method.","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136313257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion is critical to a researcher since it has a substantial impact on both people's safety and the economy. A new approach based on a unique material has been employed to prevent rusting. Conducting polymer-composites are material types that show promise for anticorrosion by electrochemical synthesis of polyanethole(PA)/metals oxide nanocomposite (ZnO,TiO2) on Stainless Steel 304L (SS-304L) which plays as working electrode by using electropolymerization technique. The synthesized coating polymer was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) checkups. The findings demonstrated that when compared to the blank SS- 304L, PA/Nano composite and PA provide the strongest corrosion defenses for the metal. The results explained that the corrosion protection increased from 71% for PA film to 98% for PA/ZnO film and to 87% for PA/TiO2 at 298K .In addition, calculations were made for the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (Ea, A, ∆H, ∆S and ∆G). Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, two gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, were used to test the biological activity of polymeric film (E.Coli).
{"title":"Conducting Polyanethole /Metals Oxides Nanocomposites for Corrosion Protection and Bioactivity","authors":"Ayat Monther Alqudsi, Khulood Abid Saleh","doi":"10.21123/bsj.2023.8458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2023.8458","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion is critical to a researcher since it has a substantial impact on both people's safety and the economy. A new approach based on a unique material has been employed to prevent rusting. Conducting polymer-composites are material types that show promise for anticorrosion by electrochemical synthesis of polyanethole(PA)/metals oxide nanocomposite (ZnO,TiO2) on Stainless Steel 304L (SS-304L) which plays as working electrode by using electropolymerization technique. The synthesized coating polymer was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) checkups. The findings demonstrated that when compared to the blank SS- 304L, PA/Nano composite and PA provide the strongest corrosion defenses for the metal. The results explained that the corrosion protection increased from 71% for PA film to 98% for PA/ZnO film and to 87% for PA/TiO2 at 298K .In addition, calculations were made for the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (Ea, A, ∆H, ∆S and ∆G). Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, two gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, were used to test the biological activity of polymeric film (E.Coli).","PeriodicalId":8687,"journal":{"name":"Baghdad Science Journal","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136313972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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