Md Salim Ahammed, Md. Abdul Kader, K. M. Islam, Simin Shobnom Lopa, A. Alam, G. Sadik
Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Vanda roxburghii R. Br. is used as folk medicine in the treatment of various ailments and diseases including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis and neurological disorders. We reported earlier that the plant possesses anti-inflammatory activity and the activity is high in the chloroform fraction among other fractions tested. Therefore, the present work was designed to isolate the compounds from the chloroform fraction responsible for anti-inflammatory activity. Four compounds namely syringaldehyde (1), vanillin (2), dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate and (3) and gigantol (4) were isolated and purified using chromatographic methods. The isolated compounds were identified by analysis of their NMR spectral data. The compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in mice. All the compounds showed significant activity at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Among the compounds, gigantol displayed the highest activity which was comparable to the activity of the standard drug indomethacin. At the same dose the other three compounds syringaldehyde, vanillin and dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate exhibited similar activity. These results suggest that the isolated compounds from the chloroform fraction have potential anti-inflammatory activity that might be useful in the prevention and treatment of AD. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 1-6, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Phenolic Compounds from Vanda roxburghii R. Br.","authors":"Md Salim Ahammed, Md. Abdul Kader, K. M. Islam, Simin Shobnom Lopa, A. Alam, G. Sadik","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64211","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Vanda roxburghii R. Br. is used as folk medicine in the treatment of various ailments and diseases including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis and neurological disorders. We reported earlier that the plant possesses anti-inflammatory activity and the activity is high in the chloroform fraction among other fractions tested. Therefore, the present work was designed to isolate the compounds from the chloroform fraction responsible for anti-inflammatory activity. Four compounds namely syringaldehyde (1), vanillin (2), dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate and (3) and gigantol (4) were isolated and purified using chromatographic methods. The isolated compounds were identified by analysis of their NMR spectral data. The compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in mice. All the compounds showed significant activity at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Among the compounds, gigantol displayed the highest activity which was comparable to the activity of the standard drug indomethacin. At the same dose the other three compounds syringaldehyde, vanillin and dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate exhibited similar activity. These results suggest that the isolated compounds from the chloroform fraction have potential anti-inflammatory activity that might be useful in the prevention and treatment of AD.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 1-6, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85223045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arunav Barua, M. Kuddus, M. Mohi, U. Chowdhury, M. Rashid, M. Ibrahim
Eclipta alba L. (Family: Asteraceae) is an evergreen herb of ethnomedicinal significance in the Indian subcontinent. The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and thrombolytic activities of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions of ethanol crude extract of E. alba whole plant. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed by qualitative tests which revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and amides in E. alba. During the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay, the aqueous soluble fraction of E. alba at a dose of 100 μg/ml showed maximum 87.5% inhibition in scavenging the DPPH radical with IC50 value of 7.86 μg/ml. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by egg albumin denaturation technique and RBC membrane stabilizing method. In both experiments, all the test samples of E. alba showed a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory potential while the aqueous soluble fraction at the dose of 500 μg/ml demonstrated the maximum 90.12% inhibition of egg albumin denaturation and 78.42% inhibition of RBC membrane hemolysis against hypotonic solution. Antimicrobial sensitivity was evaluated by disc diffusion assay against several bacterial and fungal species. All the test samples at a concentration of 500 μg/disc exhibited noticeable antibacterial (zone of inhibition = 11-23 mm) and antifungal (zone of inhibition = 10-21 mm) activities when compared to the respective standard drug. The aqueous soluble fraction showed maximum activity against Lactobacillus casai (zone of inhibition = 23 mm). During antifungal test, the maximum activity was exhibited by the n-hexane fraction against Pityrosporum ovale (zone of inhibition = 21 mm). During in vitro thrombolytic assay, the aqueous soluble fraction revealed 56.84% lysis of blood clot, as compared to the standard streptokinase (84.60%). The results of our study suggest that E. alba can be considered for further investigation in order to discover the pharmacologically active natural products. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 20-27, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Thrombolytic Activities of Eclipta alba L. Growing in Bangladesh","authors":"Arunav Barua, M. Kuddus, M. Mohi, U. Chowdhury, M. Rashid, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64214","url":null,"abstract":"Eclipta alba L. (Family: Asteraceae) is an evergreen herb of ethnomedicinal significance in the Indian subcontinent. The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and thrombolytic activities of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions of ethanol crude extract of E. alba whole plant. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed by qualitative tests which revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and amides in E. alba. During the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay, the aqueous soluble fraction of E. alba at a dose of 100 μg/ml showed maximum 87.5% inhibition in scavenging the DPPH radical with IC50 value of 7.86 μg/ml. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by egg albumin denaturation technique and RBC membrane stabilizing method. In both experiments, all the test samples of E. alba showed a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory potential while the aqueous soluble fraction at the dose of 500 μg/ml demonstrated the maximum 90.12% inhibition of egg albumin denaturation and 78.42% inhibition of RBC membrane hemolysis against hypotonic solution. Antimicrobial sensitivity was evaluated by disc diffusion assay against several bacterial and fungal species. All the test samples at a concentration of 500 μg/disc exhibited noticeable antibacterial (zone of inhibition = 11-23 mm) and antifungal (zone of inhibition = 10-21 mm) activities when compared to the respective standard drug. The aqueous soluble fraction showed maximum activity against Lactobacillus casai (zone of inhibition = 23 mm). During antifungal test, the maximum activity was exhibited by the n-hexane fraction against Pityrosporum ovale (zone of inhibition = 21 mm). During in vitro thrombolytic assay, the aqueous soluble fraction revealed 56.84% lysis of blood clot, as compared to the standard streptokinase (84.60%). The results of our study suggest that E. alba can be considered for further investigation in order to discover the pharmacologically active natural products.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 20-27, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86250192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ferdous, M. A. Islam, S. M. N. Kabir Zihad, Md Fazlul Karim Tipu, Md. Alamgir Kabir, Md Mobinul Haque Adon, J. Gosh, J. A. Chowdhury
Rourea minor is a species which belongs to the family Connaraceae. Rourea minor reported previously for antibiotic, antibacterial, hemostatic and wound-healing activities. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities of the crude methanolic extract of the leaves of Rourea minor and its different organic soluble fractions. We measured the total phenolic contents and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity of the extracts to observe their antioxidant potential. The thrombolytic activity was determined by human blood clot lysis. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization based on hypotonic solution- and heat-induced haemolysis. The total phenolic content ranged from 9.4 to 57.4 mg GAE/g of the dry extracts and IC50 values of the different extracts (Crude methanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and aqueous) were between 20.38 and 269.34 μg/ml. All the extracts showed mild to moderate thrombolytic potential inhibiting the lysis of clot by 3.47% - 18.43%. The extracts also exhibited potential membrane stabilizing activity in both hypotonic solution- and heatinduced haemolysis indicating their anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, it can be concluded that the methanolic extract from the leaves of Rourea minor and its different fractions possess mild to moderate antioxidant, thrombolytic activities, and membrane stabilizing potential. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 51-55, 2023 (January)
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant, Thrombolytic and Membrane Stabilizing Activities of the Rourea minor Leaves","authors":"J. Ferdous, M. A. Islam, S. M. N. Kabir Zihad, Md Fazlul Karim Tipu, Md. Alamgir Kabir, Md Mobinul Haque Adon, J. Gosh, J. A. Chowdhury","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64218","url":null,"abstract":"Rourea minor is a species which belongs to the family Connaraceae. Rourea minor reported previously for antibiotic, antibacterial, hemostatic and wound-healing activities. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities of the crude methanolic extract of the leaves of Rourea minor and its different organic soluble fractions. We measured the total phenolic contents and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity of the extracts to observe their antioxidant potential. The thrombolytic activity was determined by human blood clot lysis. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization based on hypotonic solution- and heat-induced haemolysis. The total phenolic content ranged from 9.4 to 57.4 mg GAE/g of the dry extracts and IC50 values of the different extracts (Crude methanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and aqueous) were between 20.38 and 269.34 μg/ml. All the extracts showed mild to moderate thrombolytic potential inhibiting the lysis of clot by 3.47% - 18.43%. The extracts also exhibited potential membrane stabilizing activity in both hypotonic solution- and heatinduced haemolysis indicating their anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, it can be concluded that the methanolic extract from the leaves of Rourea minor and its different fractions possess mild to moderate antioxidant, thrombolytic activities, and membrane stabilizing potential.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 51-55, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"11 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78772880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kabir, Md Fazlul Karim Tipu, M. A. Islam, S. Shahriar, A. Amin, Labib Khan, Md. Alamgir Kabir, A. A. Chowdhury
This study was conducted to assess the antioxidant potential and thrombolytic activity of the methanolic extract of the Delonix regia leaves and its partitionates. The methanolic extract was partitioned into four fractions (pet ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous) according to polarity. These fractions were subjected to further investigation. The antioxidant potential was assessed by two methods one was by using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent as oxidant and gallic acid as a standard; and another method was the DPPH assay. In Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using method, all fractions showed significant antioxidant potential and the ethyl acetate partitionate showed the highest antioxidant activity at 142.28 mg of GAE/gm of extractives among all. In the DPPH assay, the antioxidant potential was measured compared against BHT, all fractions showed better activity than the BHT and the highest IC50 value was 51.06 μg/mL of dichloromethane partitionate. In thrombolytic activity, streptokinase was the positive control, and water was the negative control. The highest thrombolytic activity was found in petroleum ether partition and methanolic extract and the IC50 value were 47% and 30.65%, respectively. Whereas the IC50 value of streptokinase and water was 64.22% and 15.48% respectively. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 73-78, 2023 (January)
{"title":"In vitro Study of Antioxidant Potentials, and Thrombolytic Activity of the Leaves of Delonix regia (Family: Fabaceae)","authors":"M. Kabir, Md Fazlul Karim Tipu, M. A. Islam, S. Shahriar, A. Amin, Labib Khan, Md. Alamgir Kabir, A. A. Chowdhury","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64221","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to assess the antioxidant potential and thrombolytic activity of the methanolic extract of the Delonix regia leaves and its partitionates. The methanolic extract was partitioned into four fractions (pet ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous) according to polarity. These fractions were subjected to further investigation. The antioxidant potential was assessed by two methods one was by using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent as oxidant and gallic acid as a standard; and another method was the DPPH assay. In Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using method, all fractions showed significant antioxidant potential and the ethyl acetate partitionate showed the highest antioxidant activity at 142.28 mg of GAE/gm of extractives among all. In the DPPH assay, the antioxidant potential was measured compared against BHT, all fractions showed better activity than the BHT and the highest IC50 value was 51.06 μg/mL of dichloromethane partitionate. In thrombolytic activity, streptokinase was the positive control, and water was the negative control. The highest thrombolytic activity was found in petroleum ether partition and methanolic extract and the IC50 value were 47% and 30.65%, respectively. Whereas the IC50 value of streptokinase and water was 64.22% and 15.48% respectively.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 73-78, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78434190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In response to COVID-19 emergency outbreak, several countries took unprecedented measures and lockdown was implemented worldwide to minimize the drastic consequences. To reduce the damage, collaboration and acquiescence of people is needed to limit the spread of the virus. This study attempted to assess the knowledge, attitudes and precautions taken against COVID-19 among the Bangladeshi people. An online survey was carried out between 12th April and 4th May, 2020 using a snowball sampling technique in which 424 Bangladeshi residents participated. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, fisher’s exact test, one-way ANOVA, binary logistic regression, t-tests have been carried out. Most of the participants were concerned about the risk of COVID-19 as more than 80% people took 14 out of 18 precautions to avoid COVID-19. The attitudes toward COVID-19 showed people’s willingness to follow government guidelines on isolation (96.7%) and quarantine (97.6%). The overall mean knowledge score was 3.11 out of 4. According to the independent sample t-test, age distribution was significantly (p<0.05) associated with knowledge level of the participants. Overall participants had a good understanding of the COVID-19 and a positive attitude towards preventive measures. The basic knowledge on COVID-19 among the people is acceptable which indicates that the timely dissemination of the information by the government of Bangladesh had a positive impact on people’s behavior. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 56-66, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and Precautions Towards COVID-19 Pandemic among Bangladeshi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Md. Alamgir Kabir, Tania Akter Jhuma, M. Islam","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64219","url":null,"abstract":"In response to COVID-19 emergency outbreak, several countries took unprecedented measures and lockdown was implemented worldwide to minimize the drastic consequences. To reduce the damage, collaboration and acquiescence of people is needed to limit the spread of the virus. This study attempted to assess the knowledge, attitudes and precautions taken against COVID-19 among the Bangladeshi people. An online survey was carried out between 12th April and 4th May, 2020 using a snowball sampling technique in which 424 Bangladeshi residents participated. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, fisher’s exact test, one-way ANOVA, binary logistic regression, t-tests have been carried out. Most of the participants were concerned about the risk of COVID-19 as more than 80% people took 14 out of 18 precautions to avoid COVID-19. The attitudes toward COVID-19 showed people’s willingness to follow government guidelines on isolation (96.7%) and quarantine (97.6%). The overall mean knowledge score was 3.11 out of 4. According to the independent sample t-test, age distribution was significantly (p<0.05) associated with knowledge level of the participants. Overall participants had a good understanding of the COVID-19 and a positive attitude towards preventive measures. The basic knowledge on COVID-19 among the people is acceptable which indicates that the timely dissemination of the information by the government of Bangladesh had a positive impact on people’s behavior.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 56-66, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75685558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asif Uj Jaman, S. Akhter, S. Shahriar, Md Bappy Hawlader, Mehedi Islam, M. Rashid
The current study was undertaken for the preliminary investigation of the analgesic, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and thrombolytic properties of the methanolic extract of Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl leaves. Both the central and peripheral analgesic action of the crude extract of methanol were significant and the analgesic effect increases with the increasing of dose and time with the pronounced effect at 600 mg/kg body weight. According to the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the pet-ether soluble fraction (PESF) displayed notable cytotoxic action showing LC50 value (5.33 μg/ml) among the fractions as compared to the standard vincristine sulfate (0.452 μg/ml) and crude extract of the leaves contained a total phenolic content ranging from 18.68-145.98 mg of GAE/gm while revealing moderate thrombolytic activity. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 45-50, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Evaluation of Analgesic, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Thrombolytic Potential of Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl Leaves","authors":"Asif Uj Jaman, S. Akhter, S. Shahriar, Md Bappy Hawlader, Mehedi Islam, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64217","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was undertaken for the preliminary investigation of the analgesic, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and thrombolytic properties of the methanolic extract of Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl leaves. Both the central and peripheral analgesic action of the crude extract of methanol were significant and the analgesic effect increases with the increasing of dose and time with the pronounced effect at 600 mg/kg body weight. According to the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the pet-ether soluble fraction (PESF) displayed notable cytotoxic action showing LC50 value (5.33 μg/ml) among the fractions as compared to the standard vincristine sulfate (0.452 μg/ml) and crude extract of the leaves contained a total phenolic content ranging from 18.68-145.98 mg of GAE/gm while revealing moderate thrombolytic activity.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 45-50, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75078822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shahriar, Asif Uj Jaman, S. Saha, Md. Nurjamal Islam, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Biprojit Saha, Md. Al Amin Sikder, M. Rashid
Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. (Family: Fabaceae), a recognized medicinal plant colloquially known as ‘Kalilata’ in Bangladesh, has been traditionally used as analgesic in Thailand. This study was intended to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial and membrane stabilizing potentials among the methanol extracts of D. scandens leaf and stem, and their fractionates. The stem and leaves of the plant were extracted by methanol separately and fractioned into aqueous, dicholoromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and n-hexane soluble fractions. They were tested for antimicrobial activity by using the agar-well diffusion method where ciprofloxacin and fluconazole were used as references. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against a Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) by the DCM soluble fraction of the leaf and stem extracts with 20 mm and 15 mm zones of inhibition, respectively. The n-hexane soluble fraction of methanol extract of stem revealed weak to moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The ethyl acetate soluble fractionates of methanol extracts of leaf and stem showed similar antifungal property against Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a zone of inhibition of 12 mm. The membrane stabilizing potential of the extractives was estimated based on the prevention of hemolysis of RBC prompted by hypotonic solution as well as heat. The n-hexane and DCM soluble fractions of both extracts showed around 75% inhibition of hypotonic solution- and heatinduced hemolysis. All in all, the extracts and several fractionates showed moderate antimicrobial and membrane stabilizing properties and further investigations are warranted to find out active phytoconstituents responsible for these properties. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 67-72, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Comparison of Antimicrobial and Membrane Stabilizing Properties of Leaf and Stem Extracts of Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. (Family: Fabaceae)","authors":"S. Shahriar, Asif Uj Jaman, S. Saha, Md. Nurjamal Islam, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Biprojit Saha, Md. Al Amin Sikder, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64220","url":null,"abstract":"Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. (Family: Fabaceae), a recognized medicinal plant colloquially known as ‘Kalilata’ in Bangladesh, has been traditionally used as analgesic in Thailand. This study was intended to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial and membrane stabilizing potentials among the methanol extracts of D. scandens leaf and stem, and their fractionates. The stem and leaves of the plant were extracted by methanol separately and fractioned into aqueous, dicholoromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and n-hexane soluble fractions. They were tested for antimicrobial activity by using the agar-well diffusion method where ciprofloxacin and fluconazole were used as references. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against a Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) by the DCM soluble fraction of the leaf and stem extracts with 20 mm and 15 mm zones of inhibition, respectively. The n-hexane soluble fraction of methanol extract of stem revealed weak to moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The ethyl acetate soluble fractionates of methanol extracts of leaf and stem showed similar antifungal property against Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a zone of inhibition of 12 mm. The membrane stabilizing potential of the extractives was estimated based on the prevention of hemolysis of RBC prompted by hypotonic solution as well as heat. The n-hexane and DCM soluble fractions of both extracts showed around 75% inhibition of hypotonic solution- and heatinduced hemolysis. All in all, the extracts and several fractionates showed moderate antimicrobial and membrane stabilizing properties and further investigations are warranted to find out active phytoconstituents responsible for these properties.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 67-72, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73494032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Islam, Md. Zakir Sultan, Md. Saiful Islam, H. Simol, Md Abdus Salam
The main target of this current research work was intended to construct and make affirmation of a facile, economical, very sensitive with high precision and accuracy, reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of two drugs Ramipril and Carvedilol. The validation parameters were verified based on the standard requirements of International Council for Harmonization (ICH), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) by the determination of linearity, accuracy and precision. To develop the method, a C18 column (with a dimension of 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ, SUFELCOSILTM LC-18) was used. The mobile phase was comprised of aqueous KH2PO4 buffer solution and acetonitrile at the ratio of 55:45 (V/V) and flow rate was 1 mL per minute. 220 nm wavelength in the ultra-violet region was used to monitor the effluents and the retention times were found at 5.1±0.1 and 8.1±0.1 minutes for Ramipril and Carvedilol, respectively. Percent recovery for both drugs was above 98%, which demonstrated that the accuracy protocol was maintained. The linearity responses of the method for both Ramipril and Carvedilol were higher than 0.995 and the percentage of Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) (precision) for both of these two drugs were lower than the highest permissible limit or less than 2% (according to FDA). Therefore, it is easily perceptible that the corresponding RP-HPLC method was highly accurate, effective, rapid and precise which can offer huge potential for the application of simultaneous assay of Ramipril and Carvedilol in pure forms. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 15-19, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Development and Validation of a New Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Ramipril and Carvedilol by HPLC","authors":"M. Islam, Md. Zakir Sultan, Md. Saiful Islam, H. Simol, Md Abdus Salam","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64213","url":null,"abstract":"The main target of this current research work was intended to construct and make affirmation of a facile, economical, very sensitive with high precision and accuracy, reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of two drugs Ramipril and Carvedilol. The validation parameters were verified based on the standard requirements of International Council for Harmonization (ICH), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) by the determination of linearity, accuracy and precision. To develop the method, a C18 column (with a dimension of 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ, SUFELCOSILTM LC-18) was used. The mobile phase was comprised of aqueous KH2PO4 buffer solution and acetonitrile at the ratio of 55:45 (V/V) and flow rate was 1 mL per minute. 220 nm wavelength in the ultra-violet region was used to monitor the effluents and the retention times were found at 5.1±0.1 and 8.1±0.1 minutes for Ramipril and Carvedilol, respectively. Percent recovery for both drugs was above 98%, which demonstrated that the accuracy protocol was maintained. The linearity responses of the method for both Ramipril and Carvedilol were higher than 0.995 and the percentage of Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) (precision) for both of these two drugs were lower than the highest permissible limit or less than 2% (according to FDA). Therefore, it is easily perceptible that the corresponding RP-HPLC method was highly accurate, effective, rapid and precise which can offer huge potential for the application of simultaneous assay of Ramipril and Carvedilol in pure forms.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 15-19, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90756547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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