Md. Monirul Islam, Md Jamal Hossain, Miss Sharmin Zahan, Farjahan Nur, Muhammad Abdullah Al Mansur, M. Rashid
Depression is a pervasive psychiatric disorder worldwide and diarrhea is considered a leading cause of preventable death for infants and children in developing countries. The current study was done to assess in vivo activities of crude methanol extract of Stixis suaveolens fruit, focusing on antidepressant and antidiarrheal effects. The effect on central nervous system (CNS) was examined by recording the onset of sleep and total sleeping time. Besides, castor oil-induced diarrhea in the mice model was followed while evaluating the antidiarrheal effects. Significant (p<0.01) reduction in onset time (64.8 min) as well as in total sleeping time (64.8 min) were recorded between the test groups and the control. The extract, when given orally, also resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) reduction of diarrheal feces induced by castor oil by 71.43%. The in vivo bioassays demonstrated that the crude methanol extract of the fruit of S. suaveolens contains significant antidiarrheal and CNS stimulating actions. However, further vigorous studies are recommended to isolate and characterize the major phytoconstituents from the plant in order to develop the exact mechanism of actions of the plant against various disorders. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 28-35, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Stixis suaveolens (Roxb.) Fruit Extract Deciphered Antidepressant and Antidiarrheal Effects via In vivo Approach","authors":"Md. Monirul Islam, Md Jamal Hossain, Miss Sharmin Zahan, Farjahan Nur, Muhammad Abdullah Al Mansur, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64215","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a pervasive psychiatric disorder worldwide and diarrhea is considered a leading cause of preventable death for infants and children in developing countries. The current study was done to assess in vivo activities of crude methanol extract of Stixis suaveolens fruit, focusing on antidepressant and antidiarrheal effects. The effect on central nervous system (CNS) was examined by recording the onset of sleep and total sleeping time. Besides, castor oil-induced diarrhea in the mice model was followed while evaluating the antidiarrheal effects. Significant (p<0.01) reduction in onset time (64.8 min) as well as in total sleeping time (64.8 min) were recorded between the test groups and the control. The extract, when given orally, also resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) reduction of diarrheal feces induced by castor oil by 71.43%. The in vivo bioassays demonstrated that the crude methanol extract of the fruit of S. suaveolens contains significant antidiarrheal and CNS stimulating actions. However, further vigorous studies are recommended to isolate and characterize the major phytoconstituents from the plant in order to develop the exact mechanism of actions of the plant against various disorders.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 28-35, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88430915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safayet Jamil, Quazi Istiaque Bari, Asma Akhter, Md Musleh Uddin Hasan, Md. Emdadul Hasan Mukul, P. Rashid, Md. Jamal Hossain
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of self-medication practice and associated risk factors among riverine-island’s people in Sirajganj, Bangladesh. This study was done by following cross-sectional method with close-ended questionnaire. Data were collected from a total of 459 respondents via face-to-face interview. Frequency analysis was done to identify the prevalence of selfmedication practice, and chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted for identifying the associated factors with self-medication practice. Total 83% participants were self-medicated. Notably, 62% people were self-medicated with antibiotics. More than 30% people practiced with selfmedication due to high cost of doctor consultation. Age, gender, marital status, educational status, occupation, monthly family income, and suffering from illness were correlated with self-medication practice in chi-square (χ2) analysis. Gender (male vs. female, odds ratio [OR]: 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.95, p=0.031) and marital status (married vs. unmarried, OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.23- 0.83, p=0.011) were significantly associated with self-medication practice in logistic regression analysis. The rate at which persons living on riverine islands engage in self-medication is alarmingly high, and the consequence of this behavior is concerning. The inappropriate use of antibiotics is a source of concern. In order to reduce the practice of self-medication among people living on riverine islands in Sirajganj, Bangladesh, there is an immediate need to raise public awareness about the harmful effects of the practice as well as to implement appropriate legislation and activities. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 79-88, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Self-medication Practice and its Potential Determinants among Riverine-Island’s People in Sirajganj, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Safayet Jamil, Quazi Istiaque Bari, Asma Akhter, Md Musleh Uddin Hasan, Md. Emdadul Hasan Mukul, P. Rashid, Md. Jamal Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64222","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of self-medication practice and associated risk factors among riverine-island’s people in Sirajganj, Bangladesh. This study was done by following cross-sectional method with close-ended questionnaire. Data were collected from a total of 459 respondents via face-to-face interview. Frequency analysis was done to identify the prevalence of selfmedication practice, and chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted for identifying the associated factors with self-medication practice. Total 83% participants were self-medicated. Notably, 62% people were self-medicated with antibiotics. More than 30% people practiced with selfmedication due to high cost of doctor consultation. Age, gender, marital status, educational status, occupation, monthly family income, and suffering from illness were correlated with self-medication practice in chi-square (χ2) analysis. Gender (male vs. female, odds ratio [OR]: 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.95, p=0.031) and marital status (married vs. unmarried, OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.23- 0.83, p=0.011) were significantly associated with self-medication practice in logistic regression analysis. The rate at which persons living on riverine islands engage in self-medication is alarmingly high, and the consequence of this behavior is concerning. The inappropriate use of antibiotics is a source of concern. In order to reduce the practice of self-medication among people living on riverine islands in Sirajganj, Bangladesh, there is an immediate need to raise public awareness about the harmful effects of the practice as well as to implement appropriate legislation and activities.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 79-88, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87860534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Monirul Islam, S. Zaman, Fahim Asif, Md Kamrul Hasan Arnab, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, M. Hasan
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptide molecules produced by a wide range of species, from bacteria to higher vertebrates, as a part of the innate immune system. These naturally produced peptides fight against intrusive microbes like viruses, bacteria, and fungi. AMPs are produced in various body parts by different organisms, such as skin secretion of amphibians; leaf, stem, fruits, or whole parts of plants; glandular secretion of mammals; the venom of reptiles and arthropods, etc. Due to this source variation, there is no universal method for the isolation, i.e., extraction and purification of the AMPs. Therefore, several techniques have been established to extract and purify these natural peptides from various sources. Generally, solid-phase extraction and chemical extraction techniques are the most common methods used for the extraction of AMPs. For purification and identification purposes, chromatography, gel electrophoresis, filtration, Edman degradation, circular dichroism, mass spectrometry, etc. are mainly adopted. In this review, we provide a brief discussion on the isolation process of AMPs based on their sources. This study would be helpful in isolating newer AMPs that could be used as potential antimicrobial agents. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 99-111, 2023 (January)
{"title":"Isolation of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) From Different Sources: A Review","authors":"Md. Monirul Islam, S. Zaman, Fahim Asif, Md Kamrul Hasan Arnab, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, M. Hasan","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64224","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptide molecules produced by a wide range of species, from bacteria to higher vertebrates, as a part of the innate immune system. These naturally produced peptides fight against intrusive microbes like viruses, bacteria, and fungi. AMPs are produced in various body parts by different organisms, such as skin secretion of amphibians; leaf, stem, fruits, or whole parts of plants; glandular secretion of mammals; the venom of reptiles and arthropods, etc. Due to this source variation, there is no universal method for the isolation, i.e., extraction and purification of the AMPs. Therefore, several techniques have been established to extract and purify these natural peptides from various sources. Generally, solid-phase extraction and chemical extraction techniques are the most common methods used for the extraction of AMPs. For purification and identification purposes, chromatography, gel electrophoresis, filtration, Edman degradation, circular dichroism, mass spectrometry, etc. are mainly adopted. In this review, we provide a brief discussion on the isolation process of AMPs based on their sources. This study would be helpful in isolating newer AMPs that could be used as potential antimicrobial agents.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 99-111, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73903383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suhana Manzur Chowdhury, Irin Sultana, M. Kuddus, M. Ibrahim
Staurogyne argentea Wall. (Family: Acanthaceae) is an important medicinal plant that has many traditional uses in tribal areas of Bangladesh. The current study emphasizes the pharmacological investigations of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions of ethanol extract of leaves of S. argentea to justify the traditional uses of this plant species in Bangladesh. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of S. argentea was confirmed by inhibition of egg albumin denaturation and erythrocyte membrane stabilizing methods. In both experiments, the aqueous fraction at concentration of 160 μg/ml exhibited significant inhibition of egg albumin denaturation by 76.91% with IC50 value of 24.22 μg/ml compared to standard Diclofenac-Na. In membrane stabilization assay, the aqueous fraction showed prominent anti-inflammatory activity by protecting the human erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic solution induced lysis. In addition, among all the aqueous fraction at 100 μg/ml also showed maximum antioxidant potential via the inhibition of DPPH scavenging by 75.05% (IC50= 42.92 μg/ml). The test materials were subjected to evaluate for the anti-diabetic activity by both in vitro starch iodine method as well as by oral glucose tolerance test in Swiss albino mice. In both experiments, the aqueous fraction showed maximum blood glucose lowering activity which is comparable to standard glibenclamide. The chloroform fraction (Conc. 500 mg/kg bw) exhibited moderate inhibition of both acetic acid-induced writhing reflex and yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. During sedative activity screening, different solvent fractions produced mild to moderate activity in comparison with standard diazepam. These findings revealed that S. argentea is a valuable source of bioactive compounds with diverge pharmacological actions, which validates its use in Bangladesh folk medicinal practices. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 89-98, 2023 (January)
{"title":"In vitro and in vivo Pharmacological Studies of Leaves of Staurogyne argentea Wall.","authors":"Suhana Manzur Chowdhury, Irin Sultana, M. Kuddus, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64223","url":null,"abstract":"Staurogyne argentea Wall. (Family: Acanthaceae) is an important medicinal plant that has many traditional uses in tribal areas of Bangladesh. The current study emphasizes the pharmacological investigations of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions of ethanol extract of leaves of S. argentea to justify the traditional uses of this plant species in Bangladesh. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of S. argentea was confirmed by inhibition of egg albumin denaturation and erythrocyte membrane stabilizing methods. In both experiments, the aqueous fraction at concentration of 160 μg/ml exhibited significant inhibition of egg albumin denaturation by 76.91% with IC50 value of 24.22 μg/ml compared to standard Diclofenac-Na. In membrane stabilization assay, the aqueous fraction showed prominent anti-inflammatory activity by protecting the human erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic solution induced lysis. In addition, among all the aqueous fraction at 100 μg/ml also showed maximum antioxidant potential via the inhibition of DPPH scavenging by 75.05% (IC50= 42.92 μg/ml). The test materials were subjected to evaluate for the anti-diabetic activity by both in vitro starch iodine method as well as by oral glucose tolerance test in Swiss albino mice. In both experiments, the aqueous fraction showed maximum blood glucose lowering activity which is comparable to standard glibenclamide. The chloroform fraction (Conc. 500 mg/kg bw) exhibited moderate inhibition of both acetic acid-induced writhing reflex and yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. During sedative activity screening, different solvent fractions produced mild to moderate activity in comparison with standard diazepam. These findings revealed that S. argentea is a valuable source of bioactive compounds with diverge pharmacological actions, which validates its use in Bangladesh folk medicinal practices.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 89-98, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73741343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Omar Ali, N. A. Khatune, M. S. Parvin, A. Alam, Md Aziz Abdur Rahman
The research was designated to investigate the polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activity of the aqueous ethanolic extract and various fractions from the plant Lippia alba (Mill.) (Family: Verbenaceae). The dried course powder was extracted with 5% aqueous ethanol to get ethanolic extract (LAE) that was partitioned successively with n-hexane (LAH), chloroform (LAC), ethyl acetate (LAA), and water (LAQ). All the extracts were tested for polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity. The phenolic contents and the flavonoid contents of LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, and LAQ were found to be 97.463±0.36, 55.030±0.690, 91.343±0.120, 117.340±1.349 and 81.630±0.550 and 418.470±4.962, 583.847±2.274, 168.623±1.186, 161.970±1.793 and 392.257±4.856 mg of GAE/g of dried extractives, respectively. The data showed that LAA contained highest phenolics and LAH contains highest flavonoids content than that of other fractions. The flavonol contents and the proanthocyanidin contents of LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, LAQ and standard (at 100 μg/ml each) were 0.611±0.01, 0.144±0.031, 1.938±0.023, 1.944±0.049, 0.385±0.007 and 0.984±0.025 and 0.087±0.005, 0.155±0.004, 0.068±0.002, 0.049±0.002, 0.056±0.003 and 1.533±0.044, respectively, indicating remarkable flavonoid contents of LAC and LAA when compare to standard. However, proanthocyanidin contents of the extractives are less than standard catechin. In total antioxidant activity and reducing power capacity assay LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, LAQ and standard showed absorbance at 0.667±0.005, 0.753±0.046, 0.444±0.009, 0.409±0.005, 0.235±0.007 and 1.534±0.38 and 1.633±0.055, 0.258±0.033, 3.839±0.051, 2.301±0.004, 0.360±0.042, and 1.046±0.053, respectively. The results demonstrated that all the extractives of L. alba had appreciable antioxidant activity when compared to standard. In DPPH radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, the IC50 of LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, LAQ and standard were found to be 15.73±0.51, 58.90±1.86, 15.93±1.24, 3.84±0.18, 7.17±0.36 and 3.48±0.17 μg/ml and 10.95±0.560, 13.25±0.56, 11.69±0.69, 5.68±0.408, 6.36±0.581 and 6.50±0.271 μg/ml, respectively. The significant scavenging activity was found in LAA that was similar to standard BHT and catechin. All these observations demonstrated that the plant L. alba specially chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions might be a good source for antioxidative lead. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 7-14, 2023 (January)
研究了马鞭草科植物Lippia alba (Mill.)的水乙醇提取物和各组分的多酚含量和抗氧化活性。用5%的水乙醇提取干燥的course粉末，得到乙醇提取物(LAE)，依次用正己烷(LAH)、氯仿(LAC)、乙酸乙酯(LAA)和水(LAQ)进行分割。测定各提取物的多酚含量和抗氧化活性。LAE、LAH、LAC、LAA和LAQ的酚类含量分别为97.463±0.36、55.030±0.690、91.343±0.120、117.340±1.349、81.630±0.550、418.470±4.962、583.847±2.274、168.623±1.186、161.970±1.793、392.257±4.856 mg /g。结果表明，与其他馏分相比，LAA中酚类物质含量最高，LAH中总黄酮含量最高。LAE、LAH、LAC、LAA、LAQ和标准品(100 μg/ml)的黄酮醇含量和原花青素含量分别为0.611±0.01、0.144±0.031、1.938±0.023、1.944±0.049、0.385±0.007和0.984±0.025和0.087±0.005、0.155±0.004、0.068±0.002、0.049±0.002、0.056±0.003和1.533±0.044，表明LAC和LAA的黄酮含量显著高于标准品。然而，提取物中的原花青素含量低于标准儿茶素。LAE、LAH、LAC、LAA、LAQ、standard的吸光度分别为0.667±0.005、0.753±0.046、0.444±0.009、0.409±0.005、0.235±0.007、1.534±0.38、1.633±0.055、0.258±0.033、3.839±0.051、2.301±0.004、0.360±0.042、1.046±0.053。结果表明，各提取液均具有较好的抗氧化活性。在DPPH自由基清除试验和羟基自由基清除试验中，LAE、LAH、LAC、LAA、LAQ和standard的IC50分别为15.73±0.51、58.90±1.86、15.93±1.24、3.84±0.18、7.17±0.36和3.48±0.17 μg/ml和10.95±0.560、13.25±0.56、11.69±0.69、5.68±0.408、6.36±0.581和6.50±0.271 μg/ml。在LAA中发现了与标准BHT和儿茶素相似的显著清除活性。所有这些结果表明，植物白桦，特别是氯仿和乙酸乙酯部分可能是抗氧化铅的良好来源。孟加拉国医药杂志26(1):7- 14,2023(1月)
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Lippia alba (Verbenaceae)","authors":"Md Omar Ali, N. A. Khatune, M. S. Parvin, A. Alam, Md Aziz Abdur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64212","url":null,"abstract":"The research was designated to investigate the polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activity of the aqueous ethanolic extract and various fractions from the plant Lippia alba (Mill.) (Family: Verbenaceae). The dried course powder was extracted with 5% aqueous ethanol to get ethanolic extract (LAE) that was partitioned successively with n-hexane (LAH), chloroform (LAC), ethyl acetate (LAA), and water (LAQ). All the extracts were tested for polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity. The phenolic contents and the flavonoid contents of LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, and LAQ were found to be 97.463±0.36, 55.030±0.690, 91.343±0.120, 117.340±1.349 and 81.630±0.550 and 418.470±4.962, 583.847±2.274, 168.623±1.186, 161.970±1.793 and 392.257±4.856 mg of GAE/g of dried extractives, respectively. The data showed that LAA contained highest phenolics and LAH contains highest flavonoids content than that of other fractions. The flavonol contents and the proanthocyanidin contents of LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, LAQ and standard (at 100 μg/ml each) were 0.611±0.01, 0.144±0.031, 1.938±0.023, 1.944±0.049, 0.385±0.007 and 0.984±0.025 and 0.087±0.005, 0.155±0.004, 0.068±0.002, 0.049±0.002, 0.056±0.003 and 1.533±0.044, respectively, indicating remarkable flavonoid contents of LAC and LAA when compare to standard. However, proanthocyanidin contents of the extractives are less than standard catechin. In total antioxidant activity and reducing power capacity assay LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, LAQ and standard showed absorbance at 0.667±0.005, 0.753±0.046, 0.444±0.009, 0.409±0.005, 0.235±0.007 and 1.534±0.38 and 1.633±0.055, 0.258±0.033, 3.839±0.051, 2.301±0.004, 0.360±0.042, and 1.046±0.053, respectively. The results demonstrated that all the extractives of L. alba had appreciable antioxidant activity when compared to standard. In DPPH radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, the IC50 of LAE, LAH, LAC, LAA, LAQ and standard were found to be 15.73±0.51, 58.90±1.86, 15.93±1.24, 3.84±0.18, 7.17±0.36 and 3.48±0.17 μg/ml and 10.95±0.560, 13.25±0.56, 11.69±0.69, 5.68±0.408, 6.36±0.581 and 6.50±0.271 μg/ml, respectively. The significant scavenging activity was found in LAA that was similar to standard BHT and catechin. All these observations demonstrated that the plant L. alba specially chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions might be a good source for antioxidative lead.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26(1): 7-14, 2023 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83448029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The loom industry is the traditional industry in Bangladesh. It is situated especially in rural areas. Many weavers are working in the handloom industry. The study aims to determine the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal pain and its associated factors. This study is a cross-sectional study, including openended and close-ended questionnaires. Two hundred fifty (250) handloom weavers have participated in this study. Frequency analysis and Chi-square test were done by R software. A total of 82.4% of weavers have musculoskeletal pain. Among them, 50% have lower back pain, 48.4% have shoulder pain, and 46.4% have knee pain. Some factors are associated with those pain. Age of respondents and number of working days are associated with lower back pain and shoulder pain. Only age is associated with thigh, ankle and elbow pain. Types of treatment that weavers have taken are associated with arm pain. The weavers with musculoskeletal pain are mostly illiterate and have not taken physical exercise. Notably, 67.2% of weavers have taken treatment, and 21.6% of the participants reported that they have improved upon the treatment. Among those who have taken treatment, only 21.6% of weavers have got improved. As the highest portion of weavers has musculoskeletal, proper knowledge should be implemented for them and need to improve their quality of life. Bangladesh government and any Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or institutions should implement consciousness about musculoskeletal pain. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(2): 188-198, 2022 (July)
{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Pain among Rural Handloom Weavers in Sirajganj, Bangladesh","authors":"Safayet Jamil, Md. Emdadul Hasan Mukul, Quazi Istiaque Bari, Asma Akhter, Mahdi Hasan, Md. Monirul Islam, Tanoy Saha, Md. Jamal Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i2.60970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i2.60970","url":null,"abstract":"The loom industry is the traditional industry in Bangladesh. It is situated especially in rural areas. Many weavers are working in the handloom industry. The study aims to determine the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal pain and its associated factors. This study is a cross-sectional study, including openended and close-ended questionnaires. Two hundred fifty (250) handloom weavers have participated in this study. Frequency analysis and Chi-square test were done by R software. A total of 82.4% of weavers have musculoskeletal pain. Among them, 50% have lower back pain, 48.4% have shoulder pain, and 46.4% have knee pain. Some factors are associated with those pain. Age of respondents and number of working days are associated with lower back pain and shoulder pain. Only age is associated with thigh, ankle and elbow pain. Types of treatment that weavers have taken are associated with arm pain. The weavers with musculoskeletal pain are mostly illiterate and have not taken physical exercise. Notably, 67.2% of weavers have taken treatment, and 21.6% of the participants reported that they have improved upon the treatment. Among those who have taken treatment, only 21.6% of weavers have got improved. As the highest portion of weavers has musculoskeletal, proper knowledge should be implemented for them and need to improve their quality of life. Bangladesh government and any Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or institutions should implement consciousness about musculoskeletal pain.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(2): 188-198, 2022 (July)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88614440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rashid, J. Sultana, A. Jahan, M. Saifuddin, Md. Selim Reza
The objective of this study is to investigate the prescription pattern of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in association with patients’ age, gender and type of hospital visited (government or private), location of the hospital and doctors’ specialty in major divisions of Bangladesh. The secondary objective of this study was to analyze the current market size, share and growth of PPIs in the antiulcer drug market. A crosssectional survey of drug prescriptions was done at hospitals and clinics (private practices) between April 2021 to June 2021 of 7 divisions in Bangladesh. A total of 386 prescriptions, containing 2354 medicines, from 21 districts/areas of 7 divisions in Bangladesh were reviewed to determine the trend of prescribing PPIs. Market data of PPIs were collected from a secondary source (IQVIA). The data collected from the survey were tabulated, analyzed and graphically presented using Microsoft Office Excel 2016. Collected data were entered into the SPSS19.0 statistical software “R” and analyzed. Prescribed antiulcer drugs included Esomeprazole (70.2%), Rabeprazole (7.8%), Omeprazole (4.7%), Dexlansoprazole (4.4%), Pantoprazole (3.1%), and Lansoprazole (0.3%); and 9.3% of collected prescriptions had no anti-ulcerant. There was no association between gender and PPIs prescribed, nor across the type of hospital visited. Only the regression coefficient relating to the patient's age is statistically significant (β=0.01, p<0.05) in overall drug consumption. Along with nonspecific explanations, there were twelve specific reasons for prescribing antiulcer drug generics where the majority of the cases were attributed to NSAID-induced acidity (36%). Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(2): 209-217, 2022 (July)
{"title":"A Study on the Prescription Trend of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Major Divisions of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Rashid, J. Sultana, A. Jahan, M. Saifuddin, Md. Selim Reza","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i2.60972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i2.60972","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to investigate the prescription pattern of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in association with patients’ age, gender and type of hospital visited (government or private), location of the hospital and doctors’ specialty in major divisions of Bangladesh. The secondary objective of this study was to analyze the current market size, share and growth of PPIs in the antiulcer drug market. A crosssectional survey of drug prescriptions was done at hospitals and clinics (private practices) between April 2021 to June 2021 of 7 divisions in Bangladesh. A total of 386 prescriptions, containing 2354 medicines, from 21 districts/areas of 7 divisions in Bangladesh were reviewed to determine the trend of prescribing PPIs. Market data of PPIs were collected from a secondary source (IQVIA). The data collected from the survey were tabulated, analyzed and graphically presented using Microsoft Office Excel 2016. Collected data were entered into the SPSS19.0 statistical software “R” and analyzed. Prescribed antiulcer drugs included Esomeprazole (70.2%), Rabeprazole (7.8%), Omeprazole (4.7%), Dexlansoprazole (4.4%), Pantoprazole (3.1%), and Lansoprazole (0.3%); and 9.3% of collected prescriptions had no anti-ulcerant. There was no association between gender and PPIs prescribed, nor across the type of hospital visited. Only the regression coefficient relating to the patient's age is statistically significant (β=0.01, p<0.05) in overall drug consumption. Along with nonspecific explanations, there were twelve specific reasons for prescribing antiulcer drug generics where the majority of the cases were attributed to NSAID-induced acidity (36%).\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(2): 209-217, 2022 (July)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83040933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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