Basic and Applied Ecology最新文献_第5页

Drivers of plant species diversity in suburban forests: A case study from the Czech Republic 郊区森林植物物种多样性的驱动因素：捷克共和国的案例研究

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.007

Daniel Kadaš, Zdeňka Lososová

Urbanization, together with land use changes, significantly transforms surrounding habitats, affecting the occurrence of plant species and the diversity of communities they form. However, detailed information on the individual environmental drivers influencing plant species composition of suburban forests remains limited. In this study, we ask: What are the main drivers of plant species diversity in suburban forests? In the city of Brno, Czech Republic, and its surroundings, we surveyed 110 vegetation plots of acidophilous oak and hornbeam forests. Using generalized linear models and canonical correspondence analysis, we studied the effects of urban environmental drivers on various plant species characteristics. Urbanization was the most significant driver since artificial surfaces near forests decreased total species richness and increased both the disturbance severity and the proportion of non-native species. Larger forest areas supported the presence of forest specialists and limited the spread of competitive generalists. Open forest stands surrounded by agricultural areas promoted the persistence of threatened species. Despite the prevailing acidic bedrock, variation in soil pH – common in urban areas – also influenced plant species diversity. In addition, forest management significantly affected vegetation composition, independently of the surrounding land use. Based on our findings, ensuring sufficient forest area, minimizing disturbance, maintaining habitat continuity, and enhancing landscape connectivity are essential for conservation of near-natural forests in urban planning. Management of oak and hornbeam forests should aim to create more open stands, support understorey regeneration, and prevent environmental degradation to sustain their required ecosystem functions.

城市化与土地利用变化一起显著改变了周围的栖息地，影响了植物物种的发生及其形成的群落的多样性。然而，关于影响郊区森林植物物种组成的个别环境驱动因素的详细信息仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们的问题是：郊区森林中植物物种多样性的主要驱动因素是什么？在捷克共和国布尔诺市及其周边地区，我们调查了110个喜酸性橡树和角木林的植被样地。利用广义线性模型和典型对应分析，研究了城市环境驱动因素对不同植物物种特征的影响。城市化是最重要的驱动因素，因为森林附近的人工地表降低了物种的总丰富度，增加了干扰的严重程度和非本地物种的比例。较大的森林面积支持了森林专家的存在，并限制了竞争性通才的传播。被农业区包围的开阔林分促进了受威胁物种的持续存在。尽管基岩普遍呈酸性，但土壤pH值的变化（在城市地区很常见）也会影响植物物种多样性。此外，森林管理显著影响植被组成，而不受周围土地利用的影响。根据我们的研究结果，确保足够的森林面积，减少干扰，保持栖息地的连续性，增强景观连通性是城市规划中保护近天然森林的必要条件。橡树和角梁林的管理应旨在创造更多的开放林分，支持林下植被的更新，防止环境退化，以维持其所需的生态系统功能。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental reduction of land use increases invertebrate abundance in grasslands 实验性减少土地利用增加了草原无脊椎动物的丰度

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.006

Michael Staab , Alexander Keller , Rafael Achury , Andrea Hilpert , Norbert Hölzel , Daniel Prati , Wolfgang W. Weisser , Nico Blüthgen

Grasslands are diverse ecosystems that are increasingly threatened by intensive land use. Restoring grasslands by reducing land-use intensity may support insect abundance and diversity, helping to halt insect declines. To test for the effect of reduced land use on invertebrates, we studied an experiment (established 2020) at 45 sites across three regions of Germany. We hypothesized that reduced land use increases invertebrate abundance, with larger effects in less intensively used grasslands. Using suction sampling, invertebrates were quantitatively sampled in May 2021 and May 2023, with 2021 samples identified by DNA meta-barcoding. Reducing land use to a single late mowing increased invertebrate abundance by 41 % after one year and 99 % after three years. However, species diversity did not differ between treatments and controls. The effect of land-use reduction on abundance was consistently influenced by land use in the surrounding matrix, with larger positive effect sizes at grasslands with lower mowing frequency but higher fertilization. In spite of these local differences in the magnitude of restoration effects, the consistent increase in invertebrate abundance suggests that reducing land-use intensity can enhance invertebrate populations with potential benefits for ecosystem functions. It will be important to study how outcomes of land-use reduction develop over time, as land-use reduction is likely more successful when implemented permanently.

草原是多种多样的生态系统，日益受到土地集约利用的威胁。通过减少土地利用强度来恢复草地可以支持昆虫的丰富度和多样性，有助于阻止昆虫的减少。为了测试土地利用减少对无脊椎动物的影响，我们在德国三个地区的45个地点进行了一项实验（建立于2020年）。我们假设，减少土地利用会增加无脊椎动物的数量，在使用较少的草原上产生更大的影响。2021年5月和2023年5月，采用吸采法对无脊椎动物进行定量采样，其中2021个样本通过DNA元条形码进行鉴定。将土地利用减少到一次晚割，一年后无脊椎动物的数量增加了41%，三年后增加了99%。不同处理与对照间物种多样性无显著差异。土地利用减少对丰度的影响始终受到周围基质土地利用的影响，在刈割频率较低但施肥程度较高的草地上，正效应较大。尽管在恢复效应的程度上存在这些地方差异，但无脊椎动物丰度的持续增加表明，降低土地利用强度可以增加无脊椎动物的数量，对生态系统功能有潜在的好处。研究土地利用减少的结果如何随着时间的推移而发展是很重要的，因为土地利用减少在永久实施时可能会更成功。

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引用次数: 0

Special issue: Biodiversity and ecosystem services in European vineyards: Innovative approaches for a sustainable future 特刊：欧洲葡萄园的生物多样性和生态系统服务：可持续未来的创新方法

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.005

Armin Bischoff , Anita Kirmer

引用次数: 0

Contrasting effects of land-use and local disturbance on plant and pollinator communities in wetlands 土地利用与局地干扰对湿地植物和传粉昆虫群落的影响对比

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.004

Nicholas Oldham , Jamie Herold , Kevin Moulton , Adrian Gonzalez , Laura Russo

While pollinators and wetlands both provide important ecosystem services (e.g., the pollination of flowering plants and improving water quality), the relationship between the two is not well understood. Both biotic and abiotic effects can mediate the local wetland flower and pollinator community. In this study, we investigated how land use, including a land use gradient at five different radii, from 250 m to 2 km, along with anthropogenic disturbance affected pollinators in wetland ecosystems. We surveyed the abundance and diversity of plant-pollinator communities in fifteen different wetlands across two years. We also tested the relationship between water quality and temperature, and the abundance and diversity of flowering plants and pollinating insects. Our results suggest that increasing temperature, which was strongly associated with developed land use, had a negative effect on the floral display of wetland plants, as well as the abundance of all flower visitors and hover flies. Hover fly abundance was also positively associated with agricultural land use and total nitrogen in the water. Meanwhile, the abundance of female bees was affected by an interaction between temperature and disturbance: female bees were most abundant when temperatures were lower in areas of low disturbance. In contrast, pollinator species richness increased with temperature when developed land use was low, and floral diversity was strongly affected by several interactions between disturbance, land use, and water quality. Finally, the community composition of both plants and insects varied significantly among low, medium, and high disturbance categories, with weedier, non-native species being significantly associated with areas of higher disturbance and in sites with greater anthropogenic land use. We demonstrate that ecological communities shift significantly in response to anthropogenic change. Our work also illustrates the importance of quantifying interactions between land use and local disturbance with abiotic factors such as temperature and water quality on ecological systems.

虽然传粉媒介和湿地都提供重要的生态系统服务（例如，开花植物的授粉和改善水质），但两者之间的关系尚不清楚。生物效应和非生物效应都可以调节当地湿地的花卉和传粉昆虫群落。在这项研究中，我们研究了土地利用如何影响湿地生态系统中的传粉昆虫，包括在250 m至2 km的五个不同半径上的土地利用梯度，以及人为干扰。我们在两年的时间里调查了15个不同湿地的植物传粉者群落的丰度和多样性。我们还测试了水质与温度之间的关系，以及开花植物和传粉昆虫的丰度和多样性。研究结果表明，温度升高对湿地植物的花卉展示，以及所有访花者和悬停蝇的数量都有负面影响，而温度升高与土地利用的发达程度密切相关。飞蝇丰度与农业用地和水体总氮呈显著正相关。同时，雌性蜜蜂的丰度受到温度和干扰的相互作用的影响：在低干扰地区，温度较低时雌性蜜蜂的丰度最高。在土地利用程度较低时，传粉媒介物种丰富度随温度升高而增加，植物多样性受干扰、土地利用和水质的多重相互作用的强烈影响。最后，植物和昆虫的群落组成在低、中、高干扰类别之间存在显著差异，杂草和非本地物种与高干扰地区和高人为土地利用地点显著相关。我们证明了生态群落对人为变化的显著响应。我们的工作还说明了量化土地利用和局部干扰与生态系统的温度和水质等非生物因素之间的相互作用的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of abandonment and intensification on the biodiversity of agriculturally marginal grasslands – a systematic review 撂荒与集约化对农业边缘草原生物多样性的影响

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.003

Susanna Hempel , Felix Herzog , Péter Batáry , Erik Öckinger , Eva Knop

Agriculturally marginal grasslands have been traditionally managed at low intensity for centuries and are among Europe’s key biodiversity hotspots. Because of their low profitability, many of them have been either abandoned or subjected to intensified management in recent decades. Both pathways threaten the high diversity of grassland species that depend on traditional management practices. To counteract the negative effects of abandonment or agricultural intensification on biodiversity, restoration and conservation practices were established. Through a systematic literature review based on 174 European studies, we investigated the impacts of abandonment and intensification on various measures of agriculturally marginal grasslands diversity. Additionally, we extracted information on the positive impacts of conservation – defined here as sustained extensive management practices - and restoration efforts aimed at previously abandoned or intensified grasslands. Abandonment had a high probability (71%) of reducing plant and lichen biodiversity, while it was significantly less likely to decrease the diversity of animals (23%). Intensification negatively affected the diversity of all organism groups to a similar extent (65% probability for plants and lichen, 47% for animals). Conservation efforts were likely to maintain or increase animal biodiversity (probability 79%), but in the studies we analysed, they were not sufficient to preserve the biodiversity of plants and lichen. The restoration of abandoned or intensified grasslands was predicted to enhance plant and lichen diversity (68% probability), while not significantly changing animal diversity. Thus, different organisms groups responded differently to changes in agricultural management, highlighting the need for targeted conservation and restoration strategies. By synthesizing biodiversity responses across taxa and management types, this review contributes to a more integrated and evidence-based understanding of how to maintain and improve the ecological value of agriculturally marginal grasslands.

几个世纪以来，农业边缘草原传统上一直以低强度管理，是欧洲主要的生物多样性热点地区之一。由于盈利能力低，近几十年来，许多企业要么被放弃，要么受到强化管理。这两种途径都威胁到依赖传统管理方法的草地物种的高度多样性。为了抵消撂荒或农业集约化对生物多样性的负面影响，建立了恢复和保护措施。通过对174项欧洲研究的系统文献综述，研究了撂荒和集约化对农业边缘草地多样性的影响。此外，我们提取了关于保护的积极影响的信息——这里定义为持续的广泛管理实践——以及针对以前被遗弃或集约化的草原的恢复努力。撂撂撂撂地减少植物和地衣生物多样性的可能性很高（71%），而减少动物多样性的可能性较低（23%）。强化对所有生物类群的多样性产生了相似程度的负面影响（植物和地衣的概率为65%，动物的概率为47%）。保护工作可能维持或增加动物的生物多样性（概率为79%），但在我们分析的研究中，它们不足以保护植物和地衣的生物多样性。放弃或加剧了草原的恢复是预测来提高植物和苔藓多样性(68%概率),虽然不显著改变动物的多样性。因此，不同的生物群体对农业管理变化的反应不同，突出了有针对性的保护和恢复战略的必要性。通过对不同分类群和管理类型的生物多样性响应的综合分析，有助于对如何维持和提高农业边缘草地的生态价值有更全面和基于证据的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Residents’ perceptions of cultural ecosystem services from urban green spaces: A comparative study of Korea and Germany 居民对城市绿地文化生态系统服务的感知：韩国和德国的比较研究

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.002

Jaewon Son , Yunjeong Lee , Caroline Kramer , Somidh Saha

Understanding public needs is crucial for effective management and planning of urban green spaces (UGS). UGS offer cultural ecosystem services (CES) that enhance human wellbeing. However, CES are challenging to measure, and vary across cultures, limiting cross-cultural research. This study examines public perceptions of CES from UGS in Suwon, Korea, and Karlsruhe, Germany, through a map-based PPGIS questionnaire. Respondents were urban residents in both cities, recruited through a combination of online outreach, local postings, and snowball sampling between July and September 2023. Karlsruhe residents visited UGS more frequently and spent more time there both before and after COVID-19 than Suwon residents. Most Suwon residents favored the nearest green spaces, while Karlsruhe residents preferred UGS farther from their homes. In Suwon, higher income was linked to a lower evaluation of biodiversity importance. Age and gender influenced the evaluation of biodiversity importance in both cities. Younger people visited UGS more often than older people after COVID-19 in both cities. In Karlsruhe, female respondents visited UGS more frequently than male respondents, whereas in Suwon, male showed a higher frequency. However, female respondents in Karlsruhe spent more time in UGS than males, while there was no statistically significant difference in Suwon. Education level was significant only in Suwon, where individuals with university education spent more time in UGS after COVID-19 than those without. These findings reflect how cultural and socio-demographic factors shape human-nature interactions, supporting theoretical perspectives such as the biophilia hypothesis, social ecology, and environmental psychology. Integrating these interdisciplinary insights into UGS planning can help create inclusive, culturally responsive, and ecologically meaningful urban environments.

了解公众需求对于有效管理和规划城市绿地（UGS）至关重要。UGS提供促进人类福祉的文化生态系统服务（CES）。然而，消费电子学的测量具有挑战性，并且在不同的文化中存在差异，这限制了跨文化研究。本研究通过基于地图的PPGIS问卷调查了韩国水原和德国卡尔斯鲁厄UGS的公众对CES的看法。受访者是两个城市的城市居民，在2023年7月至9月期间通过在线宣传、当地帖子和滚雪球抽样的方式招募。卡尔斯鲁厄居民比水原居民更频繁地访问UGS，在新冠疫情前后的时间也更长。大多数水原居民喜欢最近的绿地，而卡尔斯鲁厄居民则喜欢离家较远的UGS。在水原，较高的收入与较低的生物多样性重要性评价有关。年龄和性别影响了两个城市对生物多样性重要性的评价。在这两个城市，在COVID-19之后，年轻人比老年人更频繁地访问UGS。在卡尔斯鲁厄，女性访问UGS的频率高于男性，而在水原，男性访问UGS的频率更高。然而，卡尔斯鲁厄的女性受访者在UGS中花费的时间比男性多，而水原的差异没有统计学意义。受教育程度只在水原显著，在新冠疫情后，受过大学教育的人在UGS的时间比没有受过大学教育的人长。这些发现反映了文化和社会人口因素如何塑造人与自然的相互作用，支持了诸如亲生命假说、社会生态学和环境心理学等理论观点。将这些跨学科的见解整合到UGS规划中，有助于创造包容性、文化响应性和生态意义的城市环境。

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引用次数: 0

Human pressure can reduce genetic diversity and elevate trophic position: an arthropod case study 人类压力可以减少遗传多样性和提高营养地位：一个节肢动物案例研究

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.001

Iris S. Schlick-Steiner , Kelly Penning , Marion Pranter , Barbara Thaler-Knoflach , Florian M. Steiner , Birgit C. Schlick-Steiner

Urban and agricultural areas are covering ever more land, deteriorating animal habitats. So far, there exist a limited number of studies on urbanisation and even fewer studies on the impact of agriculture. To find out how this overall human pressure, that is, hemeroby, affects arthropods, we chose an interdisciplinary approach by studying genetic diversity and trophic position of the spiders Araneus diadematus and Nuctenea umbratica and the ant Formica fuscocinerea. We collected five specimens per species from fifty 500 × 500 m square plots in a medium-sized Central-European city with green surroundings. Firstly, genetic analyses using newly developed microsatellites revealed a significant effect of hemeroby on Araneus diadematus, that is, reduced genetic diversity. Secondly, likewise in Araneus diadematus, the stable isotope δ¹⁵N increased with hemeroby, possibly due to a major food-spectrum change. Thus, we found that hemeroby can negatively impact arthropods. We believe our findings are relevant to urban planning, particularly given that even stronger effects can be expected for larger and more urbanised cities and in less vagile organisms.

城市和农业区覆盖的土地越来越多，动物栖息地日益恶化。到目前为止，关于城市化的研究有限，关于农业影响的研究就更少了。为了了解这种整体的人类压力（即流源性）是如何影响节肢动物的，我们选择了跨学科的方法，通过研究蜘蛛Araneus diadematus和Nuctenea umbratica以及蚂蚁Formica fuscocinerea的遗传多样性和营养地位。在中欧一个绿化环境的中型城市中，在50个500 × 500 m平方米的样地中，每个物种采集5个标本。首先，利用新开发的微卫星进行遗传分析，揭示了异流性对双足黑蜘蛛的显著影响，即遗传多样性降低。其次，与之相似的是，稳定同位素δ15N随血红蛋白的增加而增加，这可能是由于食物谱发生了重大变化。因此，我们发现血源性对节肢动物有负面影响。我们相信我们的发现与城市规划有关，特别是考虑到对更大、更城市化的城市和更不脆弱的生物的影响更大。

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引用次数: 0

Collectomics in plant biodiversity research − looking into the past to understand the present and shape the future 植物生物多样性研究中的集体组学——回顾过去，了解现在，塑造未来

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.07.002

Solveig Franziska Bucher , Sebastian Gebauer , Jonas Grieb , Matthias Körschens , Jochen Müller , Christiane M. Ritz , Rajapreethi Rajendran , Claus Weiland , Karsten Wesche , Kristin Victor , Christine Römermann

Global biodiversity is changing at unprecedented rates during the Anthropocene. Whereas current biodiversity patterns can be observed directly, information from the recent past is far less easily retrieved yet urgently needed to understand present observations and predict future developments. For plants, herbaria offer such a unique glimpse into the past. Evaluation of plant specimens allows determining a wide range of attributes like species identity, morphological and phenological traits and even signs of biotic interactions. Specimen’s labels convey data such as species identity (and identification history), date and locality of collection, as well as the surrounding biotic and abiotic environment. Current methodological developments in sensor technology and computer vision increasingly enable us to extract this information in a high throughput and automated way. Equally vast developments in data science allow to integrate data from other sources for much more comprehensive analyses than before. With millions of specimens already digitized and digitization schemes running in many institutions, we will be increasingly able to determine characteristics of species and link them via distribution records to large-scale climate change scenarios. This allows us to better predict species’ threat levels, and to develop scenarios on the consequences of biodiversity change for ecosystem functioning. The present contribution reviews recent herbaria research and describes potential avenues with respect to Museomics and the Extended Specimen, and we propose Collectomics as a new framework to unravel, understand, and cope with the Anthropocene biodiversity change.

在人类世期间，全球生物多样性正在以前所未有的速度变化。虽然目前的生物多样性模式可以直接观察到，但从最近的过去检索信息要容易得多，但迫切需要了解目前的观察结果并预测未来的发展。对于植物来说，植物标本室提供了对过去的独特一瞥。植物标本的评估可以确定广泛的属性，如物种身份，形态和物候特征，甚至生物相互作用的迹象。标本的标签传递诸如物种身份（和鉴定历史）、采集日期和地点以及周围的生物和非生物环境等数据。当前传感器技术和计算机视觉方法的发展日益使我们能够以高通量和自动化的方式提取这些信息。同样，数据科学的巨大发展使我们能够整合来自其他来源的数据，进行比以前更全面的分析。随着数以百万计的标本已经数字化，以及许多机构正在实施的数字化计划，我们将越来越有能力确定物种的特征，并通过分布记录将它们与大规模气候变化情景联系起来。这使我们能够更好地预测物种的威胁程度，并就生物多样性变化对生态系统功能的影响制定情景。本文回顾了近年来的植物标本馆研究，并描述了博物馆组学和扩展标本学的潜在途径，提出了集体组学作为揭示、理解和应对人类世生物多样性变化的新框架。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of land-use intensity on the species-area relationship of plants within temperate grasslands 温带草原土地利用强度对植物种-面积关系的影响

IF 3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.06.002

Ralph Bolliger , Lena Neuenkamp , Daniel Prati , Markus Fischer

It is well-known that land-use intensity directly affects plant-species richness in temperate grasslands. However, the effect of land-use intensity on plant distribution at small spatial scales, as indicated by the slope of the species-area relationship, is rarely investigated. We tested whether the species-area relationship is directly affected by land-use intensity or indirectly via plant species richness. We studied the species-area relationship by measuring the rate of species richness increase between different plot sizes. We used nested quadrats of 0.2 by 0.2 m and 1 m by 1 m within each of 147 4 × 4 m plots of managed grasslands in three German regions in 2017 or 2018. With linear models, we found that the different components of land use (mowing, grazing and fertilization) had various direct effects on the species-area relationship. Mowing reduced the slope of the species-area relationship, indicating a more even distribution of plant species within plots at higher land-use intensity. Fertilisation did not significantly affect the slope of the species-area relationship, while grazing increased it. As a result of these different component effects, overall land-use intensity did not affect the species-area relationship directly. In addition, we used structural equation modelling to assess the direct and indirect effect of land-use intensity on the species-area relationship. We found that land-use intensity had only a negative indirect effect on the species-area relationship through a negative effect on species richness. An additional analysis with land-use components, mowing and grazing, confirmed the indirect negative effect of land-use on species-area relationship. Our results underline the importance of testing direct and indirect effects of land-use intensity. Furthermore, we show the importance of considering regional environmental differences before being able to generalize land-use effects on plant species heterogeneity.

众所周知，土地利用强度直接影响温带草原植物物种丰富度。然而，在小空间尺度上，很少研究土地利用强度对植物分布的影响，如物种-面积关系的斜率。我们考察了物种-面积关系是直接受到土地利用强度的影响，还是间接受到植物物种丰富度的影响。通过测量不同样地面积间物种丰富度的增加速率，研究了物种-面积关系。2017年或2018年，我们在德国三个地区的147个4 × 4 m的管理草地地块中分别使用了0.2 × 0.2 m和1 m × 1 m的巢式样方。利用线性模型，我们发现不同土地利用成分（刈割、放牧和施肥）对物种-面积关系有不同的直接影响。刈割降低了物种-面积关系的斜率，表明在高土地利用强度的样地内植物物种分布更为均匀。施肥对物种-面积关系的斜率影响不显著，而放牧增加了坡度。由于这些不同的成分效应，总体土地利用强度没有直接影响物种-面积关系。此外，我们利用结构方程模型评估了土地利用强度对物种-面积关系的直接和间接影响。研究发现，土地利用强度通过对物种丰富度的负向影响，对物种-面积关系只有间接负向影响。此外，通过对土地利用成分（刈割和放牧）的分析，证实了土地利用对物种-面积关系的间接负面影响。我们的研究结果强调了测试土地利用强度的直接和间接影响的重要性。此外，我们表明在能够概括土地利用对植物物种异质性的影响之前考虑区域环境差异的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Standing tall together: Peatland vascular plants facilitate Sphagnum moss microtopography 站在一起：泥炭地维管植物有利于泥炭藓微地形

IF 3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2025.06.006

Yvet Telgenkamp , Bjorn J.M. Robroek , Line Rochefort , Harry E.R. Shepherd , Rosa W.C. Boone , Carrie L. Thomas

To preserve the heterogenic and diverse nature of peatland ecosystems, a well-functioning plant community is imperative. In intact peat bogs, such communities consist of a balanced mix of peat mosses and vascular plants across a hydrological gradient. Vascular plants compete with peat mosses – the ecosystem builders in ombrotrophic peatlands – for resources such as nutrients and light, but also provide structure for peat mosses to grow. In contrast, peat mosses create an adverse environment in which only certain plant species can find a niche. In light of the competition–facilitation gradient between peatland plants, the role of vascular plants as facilitators for peatland microhabitat formation is mainly overlooked.

Using a long-term vascular plant removal experiment in Store Mosse National Park, Sweden, this study assesses the role of the functional type composition of the vascular plant community as a mechanical structure to support the peat moss (Sphagnum) carpet.

Our data highlights the importance of vascular plant functional type diversity in facilitating the structure of the Sphagnum carpet. Ericoids are crucial for the maintenance of hummocks. Moreover, recolonization of ericoids after removal of vascular plants enabled the recovery of the Sphagnum carpet in this microtopography. Graminoids provide at most ’co-facilitation’ of the structural support to the Sphagnum carpet. These results show that the composition of the vascular plant community determines how strongly they can contribute to structural support and indicate that restoration of the vascular plant community can be used as a tool to restore peat moss microtopographies, leading to a heterogenic and diverse peatland plant community.

为了保持泥炭地生态系统的异质性和多样性，一个功能良好的植物群落是必不可少的。在完整的泥炭沼泽中，这种群落由泥炭苔藓和维管植物在水文梯度上的平衡混合组成。维管植物与泥炭藓竞争营养和光照等资源，但也为泥炭藓的生长提供结构。泥炭藓是营养型泥炭地的生态系统建设者。相比之下，泥炭苔藓创造了一个不利的环境，只有某些植物物种才能在其中找到一个生态位。鉴于泥炭地植物间存在竞争-促进梯度，维管植物在泥炭地微生境形成中的促进作用主要被忽视。通过在瑞典Store Mosse国家公园进行的长期维管植物清除实验，本研究评估了维管植物群落的功能类型组成作为支持泥炭苔藓（Sphagnum）地毯的机械结构的作用。我们的数据强调了维管植物功能类型多样性在促进泥鳅地毯结构中的重要性。蚁群对小丘的维持至关重要。此外，除去维管束植物后，类柱体的重新定殖使得该微地形中的泥藻地毯得以恢复。禾本科植物最多提供了“共同促进”的结构支持，以泥棉地毯。这些结果表明，维管植物群落的组成决定了它们对结构支持的贡献程度，并表明维管植物群落的恢复可以作为恢复泥炭苔藓微地形的工具，从而导致泥炭地植物群落的异质性和多样性。

{"title":"Standing tall together: Peatland vascular plants facilitate Sphagnum moss microtopography","authors":"Yvet Telgenkamp , Bjorn J.M. Robroek , Line Rochefort , Harry E.R. Shepherd , Rosa W.C. Boone , Carrie L. Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To preserve the heterogenic and diverse nature of peatland ecosystems, a well-functioning plant community is imperative. In intact peat bogs, such communities consist of a balanced mix of peat mosses and vascular plants across a hydrological gradient. Vascular plants compete with peat mosses – the ecosystem builders in ombrotrophic peatlands – for resources such as nutrients and light, but also provide structure for peat mosses to grow. In contrast, peat mosses create an adverse environment in which only certain plant species can find a niche. In light of the competition–facilitation gradient between peatland plants, the role of vascular plants as facilitators for peatland microhabitat formation is mainly overlooked.</div><div>Using a long-term vascular plant removal experiment in Store Mosse National Park, Sweden, this study assesses the role of the functional type composition of the vascular plant community as a mechanical structure to support the peat moss (<em>Sphagnum</em>) carpet.</div><div>Our data highlights the importance of vascular plant functional type diversity in facilitating the structure of the <em>Sphagnum</em> carpet. Ericoids are crucial for the maintenance of hummocks. Moreover, recolonization of ericoids after removal of vascular plants enabled the recovery of the Sphagnum carpet in this microtopography. Graminoids provide at most ’co-facilitation’ of the structural support to the <em>Sphagnum</em> carpet. These results show that the composition of the vascular plant community determines how strongly they can contribute to structural support and indicate that restoration of the vascular plant community can be used as a tool to restore peat moss microtopographies, leading to a heterogenic and diverse peatland plant community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 144-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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