Ayu最新文献

Background: In traditional Indian medicine, several plants have been used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, including gastric ulcers. Pepgard tablet is an Ayurvedic compound formulation widely used in clinical practice as an antacid for treating nonulcer dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux, and drug-induced gastritis.

Aim: Evaluation of acute toxicity of Pepgard tablet and antiulcer activity against gastric ulcer induced by aspirin plus pyloric ligation in albino rats.

Materials and methods: Acute toxicity was studied as per OECD 425 guideline at a limit dose of 2000 mg/kg in female albino rats. Antiulcer activity was assessed by aspirin plus pyloric ligation model at two dose levels (90 and 180 mg/kg, po). Gastric juice parameters, stomach tissue parameters, and histopathological study along with an assessment of ulcer index were assessed.

Results: Pepgard did not produce any toxicity or lethality at a limit dose of 2000 mg/kg and was found safe in female albino rats. Pepgard at both dose levels showed an antiulcer effect as evidenced by an increase in pH value, decreased acidity, and peptic activity of gastric juice along with a decrease in ulcer index and increased antioxidant status of damaged gastric mucosa as revealed by an increase in catalase, glutathione, etc., in stomach homogenate of albino rats.

Conclusion: The present study of Pepgard tablet revealed its safety in acute toxicity studies and can be categorized as substances with low health hazard potential. Pepgard has been shown to be effective as an antacid, anti-ulcer, and to have gastroprotective effects against experimentally-induced ulcerogenesis in albino rats.

Background of the study: As many as 10 million people have died from cancer globally in 2020, making it the top cause of mortality in the globe. Cancer develops as a result of the multi-stage process by which normal cells convert into tumor cells, progressing from a precancerous lesion to a malignant tumor. By avoiding risk factors and applying existing evidence-based preventative techniques, 30%-50% of malignancies may be averted. In order to avoid cancer, it is essential to know the specific causes of the disease. Nidanas, or etiologies, are well-described in Ayurvedic science. Here, the causes of cancer have been outlined so that the knowledge may be used effectively to avoid the disease.

Aims: Identification of cancer etiologies that have been described in classics. Evidence-based understanding of these etiologies and to comprehend the significance of etiologies in cancer prevention.

Materials and methods: A thorough evaluation of literature, including ancient Ayurvedic classics, modern medical texts, and articles published in reputable journals, was conducted to meet the study's goals and objectives.

Results: According to Ayurveda, there are three distinct phases of tumorigenesis: chronic inflammation, precancerous development, Granthi (a benign glandular swelli ng), and Arbuda (a precancerous tumor) (definite malignancy). A growing body of evidence suggests that the tumor microenvironment, which is predominantly controlled by inflammatory cells, is an essential player in the neoplastic process.

Conclusion: Although inflammation is coming into the picture just now in the contemporary world, Ayurveda has described this as a leading cause 5000 years back. It is evident that diet and lifestyle play a crucial role in the etiology of Shoth (inflammation).

Introduction: Gunasankarya implies the combination or admixture of different Guna (properties) in a Dravya (substance). Every Dravya in this world is composed of different Guna varying in their quantity and potency. The final resultant action of the Dravya depends on the combination of Guna and their interaction with each other.

Aim: The present study was aimed to explain the manifestation of Karma (action) of a Dravya through its Guna (properties) and to evaluate the effect of the combination of Sheeta Guna (cool property) with different other Guna on digestion and metabolism in an animal model.

Materials and methods: The test drugs Usheera (Vetiveria zizanioides Linn.) and Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.) were dried and powdered. A total of 18 adult healthy male and female Wistar strain albino rats were grouped randomly into three groups out of which the first was the control group and administered with distilled water. The second and third groups were fed with powder of Usheera and Bala, respectively, in the suspended form in distilled water. Test drugs were administered daily for 12 consecutive days. During the experimental phase, relative food intake, relative water intake, relative urine output, relative stool output, and food conversion ratio were recorded on the 3^rd, 6^th, 9^th, and 12^th day among which the 3^rd day was considered as the initial day for the assessment, whereas body weight was measured from the 1^st day of the study. Throughout the study, the main focus was on how these parameters change in Usheera and Bala-treated rats which are having different combinations of Guna with reference to the control group.

Results: Both Usheera and Bala groups showed a nonsignificant increase in relative food and water intake, nonsignificant increase in relative urine output, significant decrease in relative stool output, and significant increase in food conversion ratio. Body weight was nonsignificantly increased in Usheera group, whereas it was nonsignificantly decreased in Bala group. This study aimed to show how the Guna are interacting and resulting in Karma either by dominating or suppressing or giving a combined effect of Guna. This study provides initial data regarding the concept of Gunasankarya (combination of properties).

Conclusion: The study concludes that all the Guna in a Dravya interact and exhibit their resultant action, i.e., Karma based on Gunasankarya, with emphasis on example of assessment of the effects of Sheeta Guna Dravya, namely, Usheera and Bala on physiological parameters (digestion and metabolism) ha

Trigger finger (TF) mechanical ailment results from a stenotic A1 pulley that has lost its gliding surface, producing friction and nodular change in the tendon. This results in pain and tenderness at the site of the A1 pulley which further progresses into catching and then locking of the finger. A definite cure of TF in the current mainstream is the surgical release of the A1 pulley. A 71-year-old male patient with a TF presented with pain, swelling, and locking of the left hand's middle finger. The patient was considered as suffering from Snayugata Vata as an Ayurveda diagnosis and treated with Kshaudra Agnikarma (therapeutic burn with honey) on daily basis at the morning for 30 days and Bandhana (bandages) for 2 months along with Dashmoola Kwatha orally 20 mL empty stomach twice a day and Haritaki Churna 5 g at night with lukewarm water orally for 2 months. The patient was clinically assessed and Green's Severity Scores of TF showed remarkable improvement after the completion of treatment. This single case report demonstrates that the case of TF can be successfully managed with Kshaudra Agnikarma - A minimally invasive nonsurgical therapeutic intervention using Ayurveda principles.

Background: The four essential factors of conception are Ritu (optimum period for conception), Kshetra (place of conception), Ambu (nutrition), and Beeja (healthy sperm and ovum). Kshetra denotes body as general and to be very specific, especially about the female reproductive system, it is Garbhashaya or the uterine cavity and function is Garbhadhana or conception. The endometrial factor is an important subset in infertility due to poor implantation.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of Saubhagyanandana Ghrita Yonipichu (vaginal tampoon) and Jeevaniya Churna orally in the management of thin endometrium thickness and to evaluate its efficacy in the associate complains of menstrual abnormalities, i.e., irregularity of menstrual cycle, quantity, duration and pain.

Materials and methods: It was a single-arm open labeled pilot clinical trial, a total of 15 female patients having endometrial thickness <7 mm on transvaginal sonography findings were included in the study. Each patient (n = 15) was given Saubhagyanandana Ghrita Yonipichu (10 mL for 6 days after cessation of menses, for 1 cycle) along with Jeevaniya Churna orally 10 g along with milk twice before meals for 30 days. Assessment of the study was done on Appelbaum's uterine scoring system for the reproduction (USSR) scoring pattern.

Results: Results were analyzed by the paired' t-test for the objective parameters and Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test for the subjective parameters. A statistically highly significant difference (P < 0.001) was seen in endometrium thickness, layering, myometrial echogenicity, uterine Doppler flow, endometrial blood flow in zone 3, and total USSR score. Statistical significant difference (P < 0.05) was found in the menstrual abnormalities and a highly statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was found in ovulation. One of the patients conceived after the treatment.

Conclusion: Saubhagyanandana Ghrita Yonipichu (vaginal tampoon) and Jeevaniya Churna orally are effective in improving the thin endometrium.

Introduction: Ayurveda has a unique way of understanding the body, health, and diseases. Various determinants, including biological, ecological, medical, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, and metaphysical factors, which depend on each other, have their role in determining health in Ayurveda. Currently, no validated health assessment scale, based on the principles of Ayurveda is available. This article, for the first time, reports the development, validation, and reliability testing of the Swasthya assessment scale - a health assessment tool developed in Ayurveda.

Materials and methods: A thorough literature search and expert consultations were done to draft the items encompassing the concept of health in Ayurveda. A group of experts assessed the content validity of the drafted items. Cognitive de-briefing and pretesting were performed to modify the language and the content again. Reliability testing was done with an inter-observer agreement in a sample of 183 individuals.

Results: The content validity index for items and the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) were calculated. S-CVI for scale was excellent, with 85% agreement. The S-CVI/universal agreement was 0.45, and S-CVI/Average was 0.95. In inter-rater reliability, the percentage agreement was 73.7%. Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.808 showing a strong correlation.

Conclusion: Following appropriate validation, the scale can be widely used in clinical practice to assess the patient's health status, guide the treatment plans, and monitor the progress of the health. It can also be used as a sensitive tool in the research of Ayurveda to assess the changes in patients brought about by Ayurveda interventions.

Background: Byttneria herbacea Roxb., family Sterculiaceae, commonly called as 'Samarakhai' in local Odia language, is one of the reputed folklore medicinal herb. Its roots, leaves, and whole plant parts are reported for traditional use in the management of dysentery, sores, cuts, wounds, cholera, leucorrhoea, fractures, and sprains.

Aim: The aim of the present work was to assess the total tannin content, total alkaloid content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) in root, leaf, and whole plant of B. herbacea.

Materials and methods: The amount of total tannins was analyzed using titrimetric method and total alkaloids by gravimetrical method. TPC was measured using Folin-Ciocalteu's method and calculated as gallic acid equivalents and the amount of total flavonoids by aluminum chloride colorimetric method and calculated as chrysin equivalents.

Results: Tannin content was found maximum in the leaf (8.148% w/w) followed by whole plant (3.886% w/w) and root (1.553% w/w); similarly, TAC in the leaf (2.306% w/w) was more than those in root (0.814% w/w) and whole plant (1.319% w/w). The TPC of the methanolic extract of root (372.33 ± 14.29 mg/g) was more than whole plant (267.33 ± 7.63 mg/g); The TFC of the methanolic extract of leaf (620 ± 50 mg/g) was found maximum followed by root (553.33 ± 28.86 mg/g) and whole plant (536.66 ± 28.86 mg/g).

Conclusion: The result of study emphasized presence of tannin, alkaloid, phenol, and flavonoid contents in the root, leaf, and whole plant of B. herbacea where the leaf was found to be richest source.

Background: Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet (Malvaceae), generally called as "Atibala" is a plant of high medicinal importance. The plant possesses several beneficial effects such as cooling, laxative, digestive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, expectorant, antihelmintic, aphrodisiac, and demulcent which is widely used in the Ayurveda system of medicine.

Aim: The current study is aimed to establish the macroscopy, powder microscopy and physicochemical analysis of A. indicum fruits.

Materials and methods: The Pharmacognostical studies on A. indicum fruits, including parameters such as morphological evaluation, powder microscopy, ash values, foreign organic matter, extractive value, phytochemical, fluorescence studies, and high-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprint profile, are established in the current study.

Results: Fruit powder microscopy has shown diagnostic characteristics such as stellate hairs of different sizes, testa, lignified endocarp, and palisade cells. The loss on drying value of fruit powder was 7.7% w/w. The total ash values of the drug were found to be 10.5% and acid insoluble ash 2.4% w/w with respect to the air-dried crude drug. Water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extractives were found to be 9.64% w/w and 9.04% w/w, respectively.

Conclusion: Phytochemical characterization of aqueous, alcoholic extracts of A. indicum fruit revealed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. The powder microscopical and phytochemical studies observed in this study can serve as a valuable resource for the authentication of A. indicum fruits.