The ambiguous results of multiple CD34+ cell-based therapeutic trials for patients with heart disease have halted the large-scale application of stem/progenitor cell treatment. This study aimed to delineate the biological functions of heterogenous CD34+ cell populations and investigate the net effect of CD34+ cell intervention on cardiac remodeling. We confirmed, by combining single-cell RNA sequencing on human and mouse ischemic hearts and an inducible Cd34 lineage-tracing mouse model, that Cd34+ cells mainly contributed to the commitment of mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and monocytes/macrophages during heart remodeling with distinct pathological functions. The Cd34+-lineage-activated mesenchymal cells were responsible for cardiac fibrosis, while CD34+Sca-1high was an active precursor and intercellular player that facilitated Cd34+-lineage angiogenic EC-induced postinjury vessel development. We found through bone marrow transplantation that bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells only accounted for inflammatory response. We confirmed using a Cd34-CreERT2; R26-DTA mouse model that the depletion of Cd34+ cells could alleviate the severity of ventricular fibrosis after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with improved cardiac function. This study provided a transcriptional and cellular landscape of CD34+ cells in normal and ischemic hearts and illustrated that the heterogeneous population of Cd34+ cell-derived cells served as crucial contributors to cardiac remodeling and function after the I/R injury, with their capacity to generate diverse cellular lineages.
{"title":"Multilineage contribution of CD34<sup>+</sup> cells in cardiac remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion injury.","authors":"Jun Xie, Liujun Jiang, Junzhuo Wang, Yong Yin, Ruilin Wang, Luping Du, Ting Chen, Zhichao Ni, Shuaihua Qiao, Hui Gong, Biao Xu, Qingbo Xu","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00981-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00981-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ambiguous results of multiple CD34<sup>+</sup> cell-based therapeutic trials for patients with heart disease have halted the large-scale application of stem/progenitor cell treatment. This study aimed to delineate the biological functions of heterogenous CD34<sup>+</sup> cell populations and investigate the net effect of CD34<sup>+</sup> cell intervention on cardiac remodeling. We confirmed, by combining single-cell RNA sequencing on human and mouse ischemic hearts and an inducible Cd34 lineage-tracing mouse model, that Cd34<sup>+</sup> cells mainly contributed to the commitment of mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and monocytes/macrophages during heart remodeling with distinct pathological functions. The Cd34<sup>+</sup>-lineage-activated mesenchymal cells were responsible for cardiac fibrosis, while CD34<sup>+</sup>Sca-1<sup>high</sup> was an active precursor and intercellular player that facilitated Cd34<sup>+</sup>-lineage angiogenic EC-induced postinjury vessel development. We found through bone marrow transplantation that bone marrow-derived CD34<sup>+</sup> cells only accounted for inflammatory response. We confirmed using a Cd34-CreER<sup>T2</sup>; R26-DTA mouse model that the depletion of Cd34<sup>+</sup> cells could alleviate the severity of ventricular fibrosis after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with improved cardiac function. This study provided a transcriptional and cellular landscape of CD34<sup>+</sup> cells in normal and ischemic hearts and illustrated that the heterogeneous population of Cd34<sup>+</sup> cell-derived cells served as crucial contributors to cardiac remodeling and function after the I/R injury, with their capacity to generate diverse cellular lineages.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10163140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9489474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00986-3
Miron Sopic, Emma L Robinson, Costanza Emanueli, Prashant Srivastava, Claudio Angione, Carlo Gaetano, Gianluigi Condorelli, Fabio Martelli, Thierry Pedrazzini, Yvan Devaux
The number of "omics" approaches is continuously growing. Among others, epigenetics has appeared as an attractive area of investigation by the cardiovascular research community, notably considering its association with disease development. Complex diseases such as cardiovascular diseases have to be tackled using methods integrating different omics levels, so called "multi-omics" approaches. These approaches combine and co-analyze different levels of disease regulation. In this review, we present and discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression and provide an integrated view of how these mechanisms are interlinked and regulate the development of cardiac disease, with a particular attention to heart failure. We focus on DNA, histone, and RNA modifications, and discuss the current methods and tools used for data integration and analysis. Enhancing the knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms may lead to novel therapeutic approaches and biomarkers for precision healthcare and improved clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Integration of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in heart failure.","authors":"Miron Sopic, Emma L Robinson, Costanza Emanueli, Prashant Srivastava, Claudio Angione, Carlo Gaetano, Gianluigi Condorelli, Fabio Martelli, Thierry Pedrazzini, Yvan Devaux","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00986-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00986-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of \"omics\" approaches is continuously growing. Among others, epigenetics has appeared as an attractive area of investigation by the cardiovascular research community, notably considering its association with disease development. Complex diseases such as cardiovascular diseases have to be tackled using methods integrating different omics levels, so called \"multi-omics\" approaches. These approaches combine and co-analyze different levels of disease regulation. In this review, we present and discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression and provide an integrated view of how these mechanisms are interlinked and regulate the development of cardiac disease, with a particular attention to heart failure. We focus on DNA, histone, and RNA modifications, and discuss the current methods and tools used for data integration and analysis. Enhancing the knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms may lead to novel therapeutic approaches and biomarkers for precision healthcare and improved clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10158703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10006166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00988-1
Richard T Clements, Radmila Terentyeva, Shanna Hamilton, Paul M L Janssen, Karim Roder, Benjamin Y Martin, Fruzsina Perger, Timothy Schneider, Zuzana Nichtova, Anindhya S Das, Roland Veress, Beth S Lee, Do-Gyoon Kim, Gideon Koren, Matthew S Stratton, Gyorgy Csordas, Federica Accornero, Andriy E Belevych, Sandor Gyorke, Dmitry Terentyev
Calcium transfer into the mitochondrial matrix during sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release is essential to boost energy production in ventricular cardiomyocytes (VCMs) and match increased metabolic demand. Mitochondria from female hearts exhibit lower mito-[Ca2+] and produce less reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to males, without change in respiration capacity. We hypothesized that in female VCMs, more efficient electron transport chain (ETC) organization into supercomplexes offsets the deficit in mito-Ca2+ accumulation, thereby reducing ROS production and stress-induced intracellular Ca2+ mishandling. Experiments using mitochondria-targeted biosensors confirmed lower mito-ROS and mito-[Ca2+] in female rat VCMs challenged with β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol compared to males. Biochemical studies revealed decreased mitochondria Ca2+ uniporter expression and increased supercomplex assembly in rat and human female ventricular tissues vs male. Importantly, western blot analysis showed higher expression levels of COX7RP, an estrogen-dependent supercomplex assembly factor in female heart tissues vs males. Furthermore, COX7RP was decreased in hearts from aged and ovariectomized female rats. COX7RP overexpression in male VCMs increased mitochondrial supercomplexes, reduced mito-ROS and spontaneous SR Ca2+ release in response to ISO. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of COX7RP in female VCMs reduced supercomplexes and increased mito-ROS, promoting intracellular Ca2+ mishandling. Compared to males, mitochondria in female VCMs exhibit higher ETC subunit incorporation into supercomplexes, supporting more efficient electron transport. Such organization coupled to lower levels of mito-[Ca2+] limits mito-ROS under stress conditions and lowers propensity to pro-arrhythmic spontaneous SR Ca2+ release. We conclude that sexual dimorphism in mito-Ca2+ handling and ETC organization may contribute to cardioprotection in healthy premenopausal females.
{"title":"Sexual dimorphism in bidirectional SR-mitochondria crosstalk in ventricular cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Richard T Clements, Radmila Terentyeva, Shanna Hamilton, Paul M L Janssen, Karim Roder, Benjamin Y Martin, Fruzsina Perger, Timothy Schneider, Zuzana Nichtova, Anindhya S Das, Roland Veress, Beth S Lee, Do-Gyoon Kim, Gideon Koren, Matthew S Stratton, Gyorgy Csordas, Federica Accornero, Andriy E Belevych, Sandor Gyorke, Dmitry Terentyev","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00988-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00988-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium transfer into the mitochondrial matrix during sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca<sup>2+</sup> release is essential to boost energy production in ventricular cardiomyocytes (VCMs) and match increased metabolic demand. Mitochondria from female hearts exhibit lower mito-[Ca<sup>2+</sup>] and produce less reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to males, without change in respiration capacity. We hypothesized that in female VCMs, more efficient electron transport chain (ETC) organization into supercomplexes offsets the deficit in mito-Ca<sup>2+</sup> accumulation, thereby reducing ROS production and stress-induced intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> mishandling. Experiments using mitochondria-targeted biosensors confirmed lower mito-ROS and mito-[Ca<sup>2+</sup>] in female rat VCMs challenged with β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol compared to males. Biochemical studies revealed decreased mitochondria Ca<sup>2+</sup> uniporter expression and increased supercomplex assembly in rat and human female ventricular tissues vs male. Importantly, western blot analysis showed higher expression levels of COX7RP, an estrogen-dependent supercomplex assembly factor in female heart tissues vs males. Furthermore, COX7RP was decreased in hearts from aged and ovariectomized female rats. COX7RP overexpression in male VCMs increased mitochondrial supercomplexes, reduced mito-ROS and spontaneous SR Ca<sup>2+</sup> release in response to ISO. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of COX7RP in female VCMs reduced supercomplexes and increased mito-ROS, promoting intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> mishandling. Compared to males, mitochondria in female VCMs exhibit higher ETC subunit incorporation into supercomplexes, supporting more efficient electron transport. Such organization coupled to lower levels of mito-[Ca<sup>2+</sup>] limits mito-ROS under stress conditions and lowers propensity to pro-arrhythmic spontaneous SR Ca<sup>2+</sup> release. We conclude that sexual dimorphism in mito-Ca<sup>2+</sup> handling and ETC organization may contribute to cardioprotection in healthy premenopausal females.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10156626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9595719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00973-0
Fitzwilliam Seibertz, Henry Sutanto, Rebekka Dülk, Julius Ryan D Pronto, Robin Springer, Markus Rapedius, Aiste Liutkute, Melanie Ritter, Philipp Jung, Lea Stelzer, Luisa M Hüsgen, Marie Klopp, Tony Rubio, Funsho E Fakuade, Fleur E Mason, Nico Hartmann, Steffen Pabel, Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke, Lukas Cyganek, Samuel Sossalla, Jordi Heijman, Niels Voigt
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are increasingly used for personalised medicine and preclinical cardiotoxicity testing. Reports on hiPSC-CM commonly describe heterogenous functional readouts and underdeveloped or immature phenotypical properties. Cost-effective, fully defined monolayer culture is approaching mainstream adoption; however, the optimal age at which to utilise hiPSC-CM is unknown. In this study, we identify, track and model the dynamic developmental behaviour of key ionic currents and Ca2+-handling properties in hiPSC-CM over long-term culture (30-80 days). hiPSC-CMs > 50 days post differentiation show significantly larger ICa,L density along with an increased ICa,L-triggered Ca2+-transient. INa and IK1 densities significantly increase in late-stage cells, contributing to increased upstroke velocity and reduced action potential duration, respectively. Importantly, our in silico model of hiPSC-CM electrophysiological age dependence confirmed IK1 as the key ionic determinant of action potential shortening in older cells. We have made this model available through an open source software interface that easily allows users to simulate hiPSC-CM electrophysiology and Ca2+-handling and select the appropriate age range for their parameter of interest. This tool, together with the insights from our comprehensive experimental characterisation, could be useful in future optimisation of the culture-to-characterisation pipeline in the field of hiPSC-CM research.
{"title":"Electrophysiological and calcium-handling development during long-term culture of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Fitzwilliam Seibertz, Henry Sutanto, Rebekka Dülk, Julius Ryan D Pronto, Robin Springer, Markus Rapedius, Aiste Liutkute, Melanie Ritter, Philipp Jung, Lea Stelzer, Luisa M Hüsgen, Marie Klopp, Tony Rubio, Funsho E Fakuade, Fleur E Mason, Nico Hartmann, Steffen Pabel, Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke, Lukas Cyganek, Samuel Sossalla, Jordi Heijman, Niels Voigt","doi":"10.1007/s00395-022-00973-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-022-00973-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are increasingly used for personalised medicine and preclinical cardiotoxicity testing. Reports on hiPSC-CM commonly describe heterogenous functional readouts and underdeveloped or immature phenotypical properties. Cost-effective, fully defined monolayer culture is approaching mainstream adoption; however, the optimal age at which to utilise hiPSC-CM is unknown. In this study, we identify, track and model the dynamic developmental behaviour of key ionic currents and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-handling properties in hiPSC-CM over long-term culture (30-80 days). hiPSC-CMs > 50 days post differentiation show significantly larger I<sub>Ca,L</sub> density along with an increased I<sub>Ca,L</sub>-triggered Ca<sup>2+</sup>-transient. I<sub>Na</sub> and I<sub>K1</sub> densities significantly increase in late-stage cells, contributing to increased upstroke velocity and reduced action potential duration, respectively. Importantly, our in silico model of hiPSC-CM electrophysiological age dependence confirmed I<sub>K1</sub> as the key ionic determinant of action potential shortening in older cells. We have made this model available through an open source software interface that easily allows users to simulate hiPSC-CM electrophysiology and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-handling and select the appropriate age range for their parameter of interest. This tool, together with the insights from our comprehensive experimental characterisation, could be useful in future optimisation of the culture-to-characterisation pipeline in the field of hiPSC-CM research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10076390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9341050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00985-4
Cooper M Warne, Salman I Essajee, Selina M Tucker, C Alberto Figueroa, Daniel A Beard, Gregory M Dick, Johnathan D Tune
The coronary circulation has an innate ability to maintain constant blood flow over a wide range of perfusion pressures. However, the mechanisms responsible for coronary autoregulation remain a fundamental and highly contested question. This study interrogated the local metabolic hypothesis of autoregulation by testing the hypothesis that hypoxemia-induced exaggeration of the metabolic error signal improves the autoregulatory response. Experiments were performed on open-chest anesthetized swine during stepwise changes in coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) from 140 to 40 mmHg under normoxic (n = 15) and hypoxemic (n = 8) conditions, in the absence and presence of dobutamine-induced increases in myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) (n = 5-7). Hypoxemia (PaO2 < 40 mmHg) decreased coronary venous PO2 (CvPO2) ~ 30% (P < 0.001) and increased coronary blood flow ~ 100% (P < 0.001), sufficient to maintain myocardial oxygen delivery (P = 0.14) over a wide range of CPPs. Autoregulatory responsiveness during hypoxemia-induced reductions in CvPO2 were associated with increases of autoregulatory gain (Gc; P = 0.033) but not slope (P = 0.585) over a CPP range of 120 to 60 mmHg. Preservation of autoregulatory Gc (P = 0.069) and slope (P = 0.264) was observed during dobutamine administration ± hypoxemia. Reductions in coronary resistance in response to decreases in CPP predominantly occurred below CvPO2 values of ~ 25 mmHg, irrespective of underlying vasomotor reserve. These findings support the presence of an autoregulatory threshold under which oxygen-sensing pathway(s) act to preserve sufficient myocardial oxygen delivery as CPP is reduced during increases in MVO2 and/or reductions in arterial oxygen content.
{"title":"Oxygen-sensing pathways below autoregulatory threshold act to sustain myocardial oxygen delivery during reductions in perfusion pressure.","authors":"Cooper M Warne, Salman I Essajee, Selina M Tucker, C Alberto Figueroa, Daniel A Beard, Gregory M Dick, Johnathan D Tune","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00985-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00985-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronary circulation has an innate ability to maintain constant blood flow over a wide range of perfusion pressures. However, the mechanisms responsible for coronary autoregulation remain a fundamental and highly contested question. This study interrogated the local metabolic hypothesis of autoregulation by testing the hypothesis that hypoxemia-induced exaggeration of the metabolic error signal improves the autoregulatory response. Experiments were performed on open-chest anesthetized swine during stepwise changes in coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) from 140 to 40 mmHg under normoxic (n = 15) and hypoxemic (n = 8) conditions, in the absence and presence of dobutamine-induced increases in myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO<sub>2</sub>) (n = 5-7). Hypoxemia (PaO<sub>2</sub> < 40 mmHg) decreased coronary venous PO<sub>2</sub> (CvPO<sub>2</sub>) ~ 30% (P < 0.001) and increased coronary blood flow ~ 100% (P < 0.001), sufficient to maintain myocardial oxygen delivery (P = 0.14) over a wide range of CPPs. Autoregulatory responsiveness during hypoxemia-induced reductions in CvPO<sub>2</sub> were associated with increases of autoregulatory gain (Gc; P = 0.033) but not slope (P = 0.585) over a CPP range of 120 to 60 mmHg. Preservation of autoregulatory Gc (P = 0.069) and slope (P = 0.264) was observed during dobutamine administration ± hypoxemia. Reductions in coronary resistance in response to decreases in CPP predominantly occurred below CvPO<sub>2</sub> values of ~ 25 mmHg, irrespective of underlying vasomotor reserve. These findings support the presence of an autoregulatory threshold under which oxygen-sensing pathway(s) act to preserve sufficient myocardial oxygen delivery as CPP is reduced during increases in MVO<sub>2</sub> and/or reductions in arterial oxygen content.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10797605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9347133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00983-6
Malathi S I Dona, Ian Hsu, Alex I Meuth, Scott M Brown, Chastidy A Bailey, Christian G Aragonez, Jacob J Russell, Crisdion Krstevski, Annayya R Aroor, Bysani Chandrasekar, Luis A Martinez-Lemus, Vincent G DeMarco, Laurel A Grisanti, Iris Z Jaffe, Alexander R Pinto, Shawn B Bender
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is associated with cardiac dysfunction and predictive of cardiac mortality in obesity, especially in females. Clinical data further support that CMD associates with development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism may be more efficacious in obese female, versus male, HFpEF patients. Accordingly, we examined the impact of smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific MR deletion on obesity-associated coronary and cardiac diastolic dysfunction in female mice. Obesity was induced in female mice via western diet (WD) feeding alongside littermates fed standard diet. Global MR blockade with spironolactone prevented coronary and cardiac dysfunction in obese females and specific deletion of SMC-MR was sufficient to prevent obesity-associated coronary and cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Cardiac gene expression profiling suggested reduced cardiac inflammation in WD-fed mice with SMC-MR deletion independent of blood pressure, aortic stiffening, and cardiac hypertrophy. Further mechanistic studies utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing of non-cardiomyocyte cell populations revealed novel impacts of SMC-MR deletion on the cardiac cellulome in obese mice. Specifically, WD feeding induced inflammatory gene signatures in non-myocyte populations including B/T cells, macrophages, and endothelium as well as increased coronary VCAM-1 protein expression, independent of cardiac fibrosis, that was prevented by SMC-MR deletion. Further, SMC-MR deletion induced a basal reduction in cardiac mast cells and prevented WD-induced cardiac pro-inflammatory chemokine expression and leukocyte recruitment. These data reveal a central role for SMC-MR signaling in obesity-associated coronary and cardiac dysfunction, thus supporting the emerging paradigm of a vascular origin of cardiac dysfunction in obesity.
{"title":"Multi-omic analysis of the cardiac cellulome defines a vascular contribution to cardiac diastolic dysfunction in obese female mice.","authors":"Malathi S I Dona, Ian Hsu, Alex I Meuth, Scott M Brown, Chastidy A Bailey, Christian G Aragonez, Jacob J Russell, Crisdion Krstevski, Annayya R Aroor, Bysani Chandrasekar, Luis A Martinez-Lemus, Vincent G DeMarco, Laurel A Grisanti, Iris Z Jaffe, Alexander R Pinto, Shawn B Bender","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00983-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00983-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is associated with cardiac dysfunction and predictive of cardiac mortality in obesity, especially in females. Clinical data further support that CMD associates with development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism may be more efficacious in obese female, versus male, HFpEF patients. Accordingly, we examined the impact of smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific MR deletion on obesity-associated coronary and cardiac diastolic dysfunction in female mice. Obesity was induced in female mice via western diet (WD) feeding alongside littermates fed standard diet. Global MR blockade with spironolactone prevented coronary and cardiac dysfunction in obese females and specific deletion of SMC-MR was sufficient to prevent obesity-associated coronary and cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Cardiac gene expression profiling suggested reduced cardiac inflammation in WD-fed mice with SMC-MR deletion independent of blood pressure, aortic stiffening, and cardiac hypertrophy. Further mechanistic studies utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing of non-cardiomyocyte cell populations revealed novel impacts of SMC-MR deletion on the cardiac cellulome in obese mice. Specifically, WD feeding induced inflammatory gene signatures in non-myocyte populations including B/T cells, macrophages, and endothelium as well as increased coronary VCAM-1 protein expression, independent of cardiac fibrosis, that was prevented by SMC-MR deletion. Further, SMC-MR deletion induced a basal reduction in cardiac mast cells and prevented WD-induced cardiac pro-inflammatory chemokine expression and leukocyte recruitment. These data reveal a central role for SMC-MR signaling in obesity-associated coronary and cardiac dysfunction, thus supporting the emerging paradigm of a vascular origin of cardiac dysfunction in obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10060343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9802172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00984-5
Fatemeh Kermani, Matias Mosqueira, Kyra Peters, Enrico D Lemma, Kleopatra Rapti, Dirk Grimm, Martin Bastmeyer, Magdalena Laugsch, Markus Hecker, Nina D Ullrich
The prospective use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) for cardiac regenerative medicine strongly depends on the electro-mechanical properties of these cells, especially regarding the Ca2+-dependent excitation-contraction (EC) coupling mechanism. Currently, the immature structural and functional features of hiPSC-CM limit the progression towards clinical applications. Here, we show that a specific microarchitecture is essential for functional maturation of hiPSC-CM. Structural remodelling towards a cuboid cell shape and induction of BIN1, a facilitator of membrane invaginations, lead to transverse (t)-tubule-like structures. This transformation brings two Ca2+ channels critical for EC coupling in close proximity, the L-type Ca2+ channel at the sarcolemma and the ryanodine receptor at the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Consequently, the Ca2+-dependent functional interaction of these channels becomes more efficient, leading to improved spatio-temporal synchronisation of Ca2+ transients and higher EC coupling gain. Thus, functional maturation of hiPSC-cardiomyocytes by optimised cell microarchitecture needs to be considered for future cardiac regenerative approaches.
{"title":"Membrane remodelling triggers maturation of excitation-contraction coupling in 3D-shaped human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Fatemeh Kermani, Matias Mosqueira, Kyra Peters, Enrico D Lemma, Kleopatra Rapti, Dirk Grimm, Martin Bastmeyer, Magdalena Laugsch, Markus Hecker, Nina D Ullrich","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00984-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00984-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prospective use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) for cardiac regenerative medicine strongly depends on the electro-mechanical properties of these cells, especially regarding the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent excitation-contraction (EC) coupling mechanism. Currently, the immature structural and functional features of hiPSC-CM limit the progression towards clinical applications. Here, we show that a specific microarchitecture is essential for functional maturation of hiPSC-CM. Structural remodelling towards a cuboid cell shape and induction of BIN1, a facilitator of membrane invaginations, lead to transverse (t)-tubule-like structures. This transformation brings two Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels critical for EC coupling in close proximity, the L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel at the sarcolemma and the ryanodine receptor at the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Consequently, the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent functional interaction of these channels becomes more efficient, leading to improved spatio-temporal synchronisation of Ca<sup>2+</sup> transients and higher EC coupling gain. Thus, functional maturation of hiPSC-cardiomyocytes by optimised cell microarchitecture needs to be considered for future cardiac regenerative approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10060306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9347134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00954-3
Christian U Oeing, Mark E Pepin, Kerstin B Saul, Ayça Seyhan Agircan, Yassen Assenov, Tobias S Merkel, Farbod Sedaghat-Hamedani, Tanja Weis, Benjamin Meder, Kaomei Guan, Christoph Plass, Dieter Weichenhan, Dominik Siede, Johannes Backs
Precision-based molecular phenotyping of heart failure must overcome limited access to cardiac tissue. Although epigenetic alterations have been found to underlie pathological cardiac gene dysregulation, the clinical utility of myocardial epigenomics remains narrow owing to limited clinical access to tissue. Therefore, the current study determined whether patient plasma confers indirect phenotypic, transcriptional, and/or epigenetic alterations to ex vivo cardiomyocytes to mirror the failing human myocardium. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) and single-origin human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and were treated with blood plasma samples from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and donor subjects lacking history of cardiovascular disease. Following plasma treatments, NRVMs and hiPSC-CMs underwent significant hypertrophy relative to non-failing controls, as determined via automated high-content screening. Array-based DNA methylation analysis of plasma-treated hiPSC-CMs and cardiac biopsies uncovered robust, and conserved, alterations in cardiac DNA methylation, from which 100 sites were validated using an independent cohort. Among the CpG sites identified, hypo-methylation of the ATG promoter was identified as a diagnostic marker of HF, wherein cg03800765 methylation (AUC = 0.986, P < 0.0001) was found to out-perform circulating NT-proBNP levels in differentiating heart failure. Taken together, these findings support a novel approach of indirect epigenetic testing in human HF.
对心力衰竭进行精准的分子表型分析必须克服获取心脏组织的限制。虽然表观遗传学改变已被发现是病理心脏基因失调的基础,但由于临床获取组织的途径有限,心肌表观基因组学的临床实用性仍然很窄。因此,目前的研究确定了患者血浆是否会给体外心肌细胞带来间接的表型、转录和/或表观遗传学改变,以反映衰竭的人类心肌。新生大鼠心室肌细胞(NRVMs)和单源人类诱导多能干细胞衍生心肌细胞(hiPSC-CMs)用扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者和无心血管疾病史的捐献者的血浆样本进行处理。经血浆处理后,NRVMs和hiPSC-CMs与非衰竭对照组相比发生了明显的肥大,这是通过自动高内涵筛选确定的。对血浆处理过的 hiPSC-CMs 和心脏活检组织进行的基于阵列的 DNA 甲基化分析发现了心脏 DNA 甲基化的稳健且保守的改变,其中 100 个位点通过独立队列进行了验证。在确定的 CpG 位点中,ATG 启动子的低甲基化被确定为高频的诊断标志,其中 cg03800765 甲基化(AUC = 0.986,P
{"title":"Indirect epigenetic testing identifies a diagnostic signature of cardiomyocyte DNA methylation in heart failure.","authors":"Christian U Oeing, Mark E Pepin, Kerstin B Saul, Ayça Seyhan Agircan, Yassen Assenov, Tobias S Merkel, Farbod Sedaghat-Hamedani, Tanja Weis, Benjamin Meder, Kaomei Guan, Christoph Plass, Dieter Weichenhan, Dominik Siede, Johannes Backs","doi":"10.1007/s00395-022-00954-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-022-00954-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision-based molecular phenotyping of heart failure must overcome limited access to cardiac tissue. Although epigenetic alterations have been found to underlie pathological cardiac gene dysregulation, the clinical utility of myocardial epigenomics remains narrow owing to limited clinical access to tissue. Therefore, the current study determined whether patient plasma confers indirect phenotypic, transcriptional, and/or epigenetic alterations to ex vivo cardiomyocytes to mirror the failing human myocardium. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) and single-origin human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and were treated with blood plasma samples from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and donor subjects lacking history of cardiovascular disease. Following plasma treatments, NRVMs and hiPSC-CMs underwent significant hypertrophy relative to non-failing controls, as determined via automated high-content screening. Array-based DNA methylation analysis of plasma-treated hiPSC-CMs and cardiac biopsies uncovered robust, and conserved, alterations in cardiac DNA methylation, from which 100 sites were validated using an independent cohort. Among the CpG sites identified, hypo-methylation of the ATG promoter was identified as a diagnostic marker of HF, wherein cg03800765 methylation (AUC = 0.986, P < 0.0001) was found to out-perform circulating NT-proBNP levels in differentiating heart failure. Taken together, these findings support a novel approach of indirect epigenetic testing in human HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10027651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9404098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00982-7
Karl-Patrik Kresoja, Matthias Unterhuber, Rolf Wachter, Holger Thiele, Philipp Lurz
A modern-day physician is faced with a vast abundance of clinical and scientific data, by far surpassing the capabilities of the human mind. Until the last decade, advances in data availability have not been accompanied by analytical approaches. The advent of machine learning (ML) algorithms might improve the interpretation of complex data and should help to translate the near endless amount of data into clinical decision-making. ML has become part of our everyday practice and might even further change modern-day medicine. It is important to acknowledge the role of ML in prognosis prediction of cardiovascular disease. The present review aims on preparing the modern physician and researcher for the challenges that ML might bring, explaining basic concepts but also caveats that might arise when using these methods. Further, a brief overview of current established classical and emerging concepts of ML disease prediction in the fields of omics, imaging and basic science is presented.
现代医生面临着大量的临床和科学数据,这些数据远远超出了人类的思维能力。直到最近十年,数据可用性的进步才伴随着分析方法的进步。机器学习(ML)算法的出现可能会改善对复杂数据的解读,并有助于将近乎无穷无尽的数据转化为临床决策。ML 已成为我们日常实践的一部分,甚至可能进一步改变现代医学。承认 ML 在心血管疾病预后预测中的作用非常重要。本综述旨在为现代医生和研究人员应对 ML 可能带来的挑战做好准备,解释基本概念以及使用这些方法时可能出现的注意事项。此外,本文还简要概述了目前在全息、成像和基础科学领域已确立的经典和新兴的 ML 疾病预测概念。
{"title":"A cardiologist's guide to machine learning in cardiovascular disease prognosis prediction.","authors":"Karl-Patrik Kresoja, Matthias Unterhuber, Rolf Wachter, Holger Thiele, Philipp Lurz","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00982-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00982-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A modern-day physician is faced with a vast abundance of clinical and scientific data, by far surpassing the capabilities of the human mind. Until the last decade, advances in data availability have not been accompanied by analytical approaches. The advent of machine learning (ML) algorithms might improve the interpretation of complex data and should help to translate the near endless amount of data into clinical decision-making. ML has become part of our everyday practice and might even further change modern-day medicine. It is important to acknowledge the role of ML in prognosis prediction of cardiovascular disease. The present review aims on preparing the modern physician and researcher for the challenges that ML might bring, explaining basic concepts but also caveats that might arise when using these methods. Further, a brief overview of current established classical and emerging concepts of ML disease prediction in the fields of omics, imaging and basic science is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10027799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9404099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00979-2
Sara Thornby Bak, Eva Bang Harvald, Ditte Gry Ellman, Sabrina Bech Mathiesen, Ting Chen, Shu Fang, Kristian Skriver Andersen, Christina Dühring Fenger, Mark Burton, Mads Thomassen, Ditte Caroline Andersen
Whereas cardiomyocytes (CMs) in the fetal heart divide, postnatal CMs fail to undergo karyokinesis and/or cytokinesis and therefore become polyploid or binucleated, a key process in terminal CM differentiation. This switch from a diploid proliferative CM to a terminally differentiated polyploid CM remains an enigma and seems an obstacle for heart regeneration. Here, we set out to identify the transcriptional landscape of CMs around birth using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to predict transcription factors (TFs) involved in CM proliferation and terminal differentiation. To this end, we established an approach combining fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) with scRNA-seq of fixed CMs from developing (E16.5, P1, and P5) mouse hearts, and generated high-resolution single-cell transcriptomic maps of in vivo diploid and tetraploid CMs, increasing the CM resolution. We identified TF-networks regulating the G2/M phases of developing CMs around birth. ZEB1 (Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1), a hereto unknown TF in CM cell cycling, was found to regulate the highest number of cell cycle genes in cycling CMs at E16.5 but was downregulated around birth. CM ZEB1-knockdown reduced proliferation of E16.5 CMs, while ZEB1 overexpression at P0 after birth resulted in CM endoreplication. These data thus provide a ploidy stratified transcriptomic map of developing CMs and bring new insight to CM proliferation and endoreplication identifying ZEB1 as a key player in these processes.
胎儿心脏中的心肌细胞(CMs)会分裂,而出生后的 CMs 则无法进行核分裂和/或细胞分裂,因此会变成多倍体或双核,这是 CM 终末分化的一个关键过程。这种从二倍体增殖 CM 到终末分化的多倍体 CM 的转变仍是一个谜,似乎是心脏再生的一个障碍。在这里,我们利用单细胞 RNA 测序(scRNA-seq)来确定出生前后 CM 的转录格局,从而预测参与 CM 增殖和终末分化的转录因子(TFs)。为此,我们建立了一种方法,将荧光激活细胞分选(FACS)与来自发育中(E16.5、P1 和 P5)小鼠心脏的固定 CM 的 scRNA-seq 结合起来,生成了体内二倍体和四倍体 CM 的高分辨率单细胞转录组图,提高了 CM 的分辨率。我们发现了调控出生前后发育中CM的G2/M阶段的TF网络。ZEB1(Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1,锌指E-Box结合同源框1)是迄今为止在CM细胞周期中未知的TF,它被发现在E16.5时调控循环CM中数量最多的细胞周期基因,但在出生前后被下调。CM ZEB1-knockdown减少了E16.5 CM的增殖,而ZEB1在出生后P0期的过表达则导致CM的内复制。因此,这些数据提供了发育中CM的倍性分层转录组图谱,并为CM增殖和内再复制带来了新的见解,确定了ZEB1是这些过程中的关键角色。
{"title":"Ploidy-stratified single cardiomyocyte transcriptomics map Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 to underly cardiomyocyte proliferation before birth.","authors":"Sara Thornby Bak, Eva Bang Harvald, Ditte Gry Ellman, Sabrina Bech Mathiesen, Ting Chen, Shu Fang, Kristian Skriver Andersen, Christina Dühring Fenger, Mark Burton, Mads Thomassen, Ditte Caroline Andersen","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-00979-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-00979-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whereas cardiomyocytes (CMs) in the fetal heart divide, postnatal CMs fail to undergo karyokinesis and/or cytokinesis and therefore become polyploid or binucleated, a key process in terminal CM differentiation. This switch from a diploid proliferative CM to a terminally differentiated polyploid CM remains an enigma and seems an obstacle for heart regeneration. Here, we set out to identify the transcriptional landscape of CMs around birth using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to predict transcription factors (TFs) involved in CM proliferation and terminal differentiation. To this end, we established an approach combining fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) with scRNA-seq of fixed CMs from developing (E16.5, P1, and P5) mouse hearts, and generated high-resolution single-cell transcriptomic maps of in vivo diploid and tetraploid CMs, increasing the CM resolution. We identified TF-networks regulating the G2/M phases of developing CMs around birth. ZEB1 (Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1), a hereto unknown TF in CM cell cycling, was found to regulate the highest number of cell cycle genes in cycling CMs at E16.5 but was downregulated around birth. CM ZEB1-knockdown reduced proliferation of E16.5 CMs, while ZEB1 overexpression at P0 after birth resulted in CM endoreplication. These data thus provide a ploidy stratified transcriptomic map of developing CMs and bring new insight to CM proliferation and endoreplication identifying ZEB1 as a key player in these processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9981540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9403422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}