Pub Date : 2017-04-28DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555590
J. Pani
The present industrial sector related to textile industry, medicine product industry, house hold industry have enormously spread the use of Silver nanoparticle in higher concentration in their respective consumer products which literally responsible for arouse of various teratogenic and toxic effects on offspring’s. The vivid use of AgNps in higher concentration and higher dose in industries including textile, house hold, mining, medicine and other fields in existing life is responsible for a major role in bubbling teratogenic and malformation issues of various body systems of human being which is an alara. Varieties of teratogenic effects are executed due to silver nanoparticle among which one of the important is skeletal dysmorphology. The current research enlights the present world about effect of silver nanoparticle on skeletal system which was till today only hypothesized.
{"title":"Silver Nanoparticles Teratogenicity on Developing Skeletal System of Fetuses","authors":"J. Pani","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555590","url":null,"abstract":"The present industrial sector related to textile industry, medicine product industry, house hold industry have enormously spread the use of Silver nanoparticle in higher concentration in their respective consumer products which literally responsible for arouse of various teratogenic and toxic effects on offspring’s. The vivid use of AgNps in higher concentration and higher dose in industries including textile, house hold, mining, medicine and other fields in existing life is responsible for a major role in bubbling teratogenic and malformation issues of various body systems of human being which is an alara. Varieties of teratogenic effects are executed due to silver nanoparticle among which one of the important is skeletal dysmorphology. The current research enlights the present world about effect of silver nanoparticle on skeletal system which was till today only hypothesized.","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78036375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-24DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555589
M. Omar
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main cause of death worldwide [1]. It is the acute condition of necrosis of the myocardium that occurs due to an imbalance between myocardial demands coronary blood supplies [2]. The accumulations of free radicals have been implicated in the pathophysiology of AMI [2]. Ischemia occurring during AMI is a potential cause of increased free radicals [3]. Myocardial injury in rat was induced using Isoproterenol (ISO), a synthetic β-adrenergic agonist, as a result of causing disturbance in the balance between production of free radicals and antioxidative defense system [4]. Honey, a natural liquid produced by honey bees, has received a considerable attention recently because it contains different substances that are believed to have a therapeutic role in cardiovascular diseases [5]. Materials and Methods Materials
{"title":"Possible Effect of Natural Honey on Isoproterenol Induced Acute Myocardial Infarction in Adult Male Albino Rats","authors":"M. Omar","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555589","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main cause of death worldwide [1]. It is the acute condition of necrosis of the myocardium that occurs due to an imbalance between myocardial demands coronary blood supplies [2]. The accumulations of free radicals have been implicated in the pathophysiology of AMI [2]. Ischemia occurring during AMI is a potential cause of increased free radicals [3]. Myocardial injury in rat was induced using Isoproterenol (ISO), a synthetic β-adrenergic agonist, as a result of causing disturbance in the balance between production of free radicals and antioxidative defense system [4]. Honey, a natural liquid produced by honey bees, has received a considerable attention recently because it contains different substances that are believed to have a therapeutic role in cardiovascular diseases [5]. Materials and Methods Materials","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80514280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-24DOI: 10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555587
T. Merghani
Measurement of the energy expenditure in man is a key step in the calculation of the energy requirements that are needed for clinical nutritional assessment and body weight management. Obese diabetic patients suffer from variable metabolic abnormalities that are associated with insulin resistance. The respiratory quotient (RQ) is an important metabolic indicator. It is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed at the cellular level; however, when it is calculated from expired gasses, it is referred to as the respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Under steady conditions, the RER provides a precise estimate of the RQ. On a mixed diet, part of the total CO2 produced and O2 consumed by the cells comes from metabolism of carbohydrates (RQ= 1.0), and proteins (RQ= 0.82) in addition to fats (RQ= 0.71). In general, the RQ varies between 0.7 to 1.1 depending on the proportion of substrates being metabolized and the rate of ventilation [1]. When the value of the RER is high, oxygen consumption is lesser than required, and anaerobic metabolism is taking place, e.g. during high-intensity exercise. It is worth noting that, RER excludes protein metabolism, which during rest is assumed to be very minimal. Many factors affect the value of the RQ and accordingly cause changes in the metabolic rate. Previous studies showed ethnic variation with the Africans having higher RQ and lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) compared to the European subjects [2,3]. The high RQ indicates that the carbohydrate is utilized as the primary source of energy and this is a recognized cause of weight gain.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Metabolic Indicators in Obese Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study","authors":"T. Merghani","doi":"10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555587","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of the energy expenditure in man is a key step in the calculation of the energy requirements that are needed for clinical nutritional assessment and body weight management. Obese diabetic patients suffer from variable metabolic abnormalities that are associated with insulin resistance. The respiratory quotient (RQ) is an important metabolic indicator. It is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed at the cellular level; however, when it is calculated from expired gasses, it is referred to as the respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Under steady conditions, the RER provides a precise estimate of the RQ. On a mixed diet, part of the total CO2 produced and O2 consumed by the cells comes from metabolism of carbohydrates (RQ= 1.0), and proteins (RQ= 0.82) in addition to fats (RQ= 0.71). In general, the RQ varies between 0.7 to 1.1 depending on the proportion of substrates being metabolized and the rate of ventilation [1]. When the value of the RER is high, oxygen consumption is lesser than required, and anaerobic metabolism is taking place, e.g. during high-intensity exercise. It is worth noting that, RER excludes protein metabolism, which during rest is assumed to be very minimal. Many factors affect the value of the RQ and accordingly cause changes in the metabolic rate. Previous studies showed ethnic variation with the Africans having higher RQ and lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) compared to the European subjects [2,3]. The high RQ indicates that the carbohydrate is utilized as the primary source of energy and this is a recognized cause of weight gain.","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87863461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-24DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555588
A. al-Arabi
{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH) and Norepinephrine (NE) on the Metabolic Rate of Warm-Acclimated Rats","authors":"A. al-Arabi","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555588","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82888145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-20DOI: 10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555586
N. Khan
Depression is more common in women while at the time of menopause the transition may be a certain risk. Declining estrogen levels are associated with hot flashy menopause. Some women feel constant state of PMS (premenstrual syndrome). General symptoms of depression and anxiety with mood disturbance are common during menopause transition. The symptoms are more severe with sleep disturbance, vasomotor and the following surgical menopause. Developing of stressed and depressed mood is up to three times more likely that of women in premenopausal period. There is a greater likelihood for those women who have history of depressive illness. There are different presentations of depression in menopause as it appears unique with low level depressive symptoms, fatigue, anger and increased sleep disturbance. These symptoms are non-specific somatic and makes the diagnosis more difficult particular overshadow the cognitive specific ones. Women are present with depressive symptoms and mood changes but generally not meet the DSM5 criteria of diagnosis [1].
{"title":"Depression among Women in Menopause","authors":"N. Khan","doi":"10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555586","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is more common in women while at the time of menopause the transition may be a certain risk. Declining estrogen levels are associated with hot flashy menopause. Some women feel constant state of PMS (premenstrual syndrome). General symptoms of depression and anxiety with mood disturbance are common during menopause transition. The symptoms are more severe with sleep disturbance, vasomotor and the following surgical menopause. Developing of stressed and depressed mood is up to three times more likely that of women in premenopausal period. There is a greater likelihood for those women who have history of depressive illness. There are different presentations of depression in menopause as it appears unique with low level depressive symptoms, fatigue, anger and increased sleep disturbance. These symptoms are non-specific somatic and makes the diagnosis more difficult particular overshadow the cognitive specific ones. Women are present with depressive symptoms and mood changes but generally not meet the DSM5 criteria of diagnosis [1].","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76404098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-17DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555585
N. Khan
Since beginning of the history, humans had searched for substance that acts on nervous system to produce pleasure sensation. In developing countries recent trends indicates a dramatically increased in the use of psychoactive substance despite of medical advancement in the 21st century [1]. Alcohol is as old as human history and believed to be first known chemical mood modifier [2]. Persistent substance uses without an unrelated medical practices refers to harmful and hazardous illicit drugs lead to dependence syndrome according the World Health Organization. The dependence syndrome develops after repeated substance use is a cognitive and physiological phenomenon increased physical withdrawal state [3].
{"title":"Assessment of Substance Use among Students Studying In Islamabad, Pakistan","authors":"N. Khan","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555585","url":null,"abstract":"Since beginning of the history, humans had searched for substance that acts on nervous system to produce pleasure sensation. In developing countries recent trends indicates a dramatically increased in the use of psychoactive substance despite of medical advancement in the 21st century [1]. Alcohol is as old as human history and believed to be first known chemical mood modifier [2]. Persistent substance uses without an unrelated medical practices refers to harmful and hazardous illicit drugs lead to dependence syndrome according the World Health Organization. The dependence syndrome develops after repeated substance use is a cognitive and physiological phenomenon increased physical withdrawal state [3].","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87370498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555584
A. OlayodeAhmed
{"title":"Modulatory Role of Aqueous Leave Extracts of Mangifera indica (Linn) on Liver Function Test in Plasmodium - Infected Albino Mice","authors":"A. OlayodeAhmed","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555584","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74660913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555583
M. Takesh
Since 1975, the non-stres stest (NST) has been applying as a first step to assess fetal well being. Over past decades, antepartum fetal heart rate testing has become an integral part in high-risk pregnancy management. During this time, the contraction stress test has given way to the non-stress test for primary fetal surveillance due to its proven reliability and its low false negative rate [1-4]. The main feature of normality to interprete the testis FHR accelerations, i.e., reactive tracing. Accelerations, which resemble aspike-like or transitory increase above baseline as a result of sympathetic nervous system stimulation, have been shown to be reassuring both antepartum and intrapartum [1,2,5-7], and indicate a non-acidotic fetus [1,8].
{"title":"A Study on Fetal Wellbeing through the Non-Reactive Non-Stress Test in the Patients Referred to Motazedi Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran","authors":"M. Takesh","doi":"10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/apbij.2017.02.555583","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1975, the non-stres stest (NST) has been applying as a first step to assess fetal well being. Over past decades, antepartum fetal heart rate testing has become an integral part in high-risk pregnancy management. During this time, the contraction stress test has given way to the non-stress test for primary fetal surveillance due to its proven reliability and its low false negative rate [1-4]. The main feature of normality to interprete the testis FHR accelerations, i.e., reactive tracing. Accelerations, which resemble aspike-like or transitory increase above baseline as a result of sympathetic nervous system stimulation, have been shown to be reassuring both antepartum and intrapartum [1,2,5-7], and indicate a non-acidotic fetus [1,8].","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91495264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-04DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555581
E. Molina
The synapse is a specialized intercellular junction between neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell (almost always glandular or muscular). It is a process by which the nervous system connects and controls all systems of the body. In these contacts the transmission of the nervous impulse is carried out, which begins with a chemical discharge that causes an electric current in the membrane of the presynaptic cell (emitter cell); Once this nervous impulse reaches the end of the axon (the connection with the other cell), the neuron itself secretes a type of chemical compound or neurotrasmisor that is deposited in the synaptic space (space between this transmitting neuron and the postsynaptic neuron or Recipient). These secreted substances are responsible for exciting or inhibiting the action of the other cell called post-synaptic cell.
{"title":"Neurotransmitters, Their Effects on the Human Organism","authors":"E. Molina","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2017.02.555581","url":null,"abstract":"The synapse is a specialized intercellular junction between neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell (almost always glandular or muscular). It is a process by which the nervous system connects and controls all systems of the body. In these contacts the transmission of the nervous impulse is carried out, which begins with a chemical discharge that causes an electric current in the membrane of the presynaptic cell (emitter cell); Once this nervous impulse reaches the end of the axon (the connection with the other cell), the neuron itself secretes a type of chemical compound or neurotrasmisor that is deposited in the synaptic space (space between this transmitting neuron and the postsynaptic neuron or Recipient). These secreted substances are responsible for exciting or inhibiting the action of the other cell called post-synaptic cell.","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83530187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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