Pub Date : 2019-04-28DOI: 10.1142/S0217751X20410146
Zhiyang Yuan, H. Qi, Haiyun Wang, Ling Liu, Yuan-bo Chen, Q. Ouyang, J. Cai, Yulan Li State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection, Electronics, I. Physics, D. Physics, Tsinghua University
The discovery of a SM Higgs boson at the LHC brought about great opportunity to investigate the feasibility of a Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) operating at center-of-mass energy of $sim 240$ GeV, as a Higgs factory, with designed luminosity of about $2times 10^{34}cm^{-2}s^{-1}$. The CEPC provides a much cleaner collision environment than the LHC, it is ideally suited for studying the properties of Higgs boson with greater precision. Another advantage of the CEPC over the LHC is that the Higgs boson can be detected through the recoil mass method by only reconstructing Z boson decay without examining the Higgs decays. In Concept Design Report(CDR), the circumference of CEPC is 100km, with two interaction points available for exploring different detector design scenarios and technologies. The baseline design of CEPC detector is an ILD-like concept, with a superconducting solenoid of 3.0 Tesla surrounding the inner silicon detector, TPC tracker detector and the calorimetry system. Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) have been extensively studied and used in many fields, especially in particle physics experiments, including STAR and ALICE. The TPC detector will operate in continuous mode on the circular machine. To fulfill the physics goals of the future circular collider and meet Higgs/$Z$ run, a TPC with excellent performance is required. We have proposed and investigated the ions controlling performance of a novel configuration detector module. The aim of this study is to suppress ion backflow ($IBF$) continually. In this paper, some update results of the feasibility and limitation on TPC detector technology R$&$D will be given using the hybrid gaseous detector module.
{"title":"Feasibility study of TPC tracker detector for the circular collider","authors":"Zhiyang Yuan, H. Qi, Haiyun Wang, Ling Liu, Yuan-bo Chen, Q. Ouyang, J. Cai, Yulan Li State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection, Electronics, I. Physics, D. Physics, Tsinghua University","doi":"10.1142/S0217751X20410146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X20410146","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of a SM Higgs boson at the LHC brought about great opportunity to investigate the feasibility of a Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) operating at center-of-mass energy of $sim 240$ GeV, as a Higgs factory, with designed luminosity of about $2times 10^{34}cm^{-2}s^{-1}$. The CEPC provides a much cleaner collision environment than the LHC, it is ideally suited for studying the properties of Higgs boson with greater precision. Another advantage of the CEPC over the LHC is that the Higgs boson can be detected through the recoil mass method by only reconstructing Z boson decay without examining the Higgs decays. In Concept Design Report(CDR), the circumference of CEPC is 100km, with two interaction points available for exploring different detector design scenarios and technologies. The baseline design of CEPC detector is an ILD-like concept, with a superconducting solenoid of 3.0 Tesla surrounding the inner silicon detector, TPC tracker detector and the calorimetry system. Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) have been extensively studied and used in many fields, especially in particle physics experiments, including STAR and ALICE. The TPC detector will operate in continuous mode on the circular machine. To fulfill the physics goals of the future circular collider and meet Higgs/$Z$ run, a TPC with excellent performance is required. We have proposed and investigated the ions controlling performance of a novel configuration detector module. The aim of this study is to suppress ion backflow ($IBF$) continually. In this paper, some update results of the feasibility and limitation on TPC detector technology R$&$D will be given using the hybrid gaseous detector module.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86123387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-05DOI: 10.1393/ncc/i2019-19070-5
G. Schepers, A. Ali, A. Belias, R. Dzhygadlo, A. Gerhardt, M. Krebs, D. Lehmann, K. Peters, C. Schwarz, J. Schwiening, M. Traxler, L. Schmitt, M. Bohm, A. Lehmann, M. Pfaffinger, S. Stelter, F. Uhlig, M. Duren, E. Etzelmuller, K. Fohl, A. Hayrapetyan, K. Kreutzfeld, J. Rieke, M. Schmidt, T. Wasem, P. Achenbach, M. Cardinali, M. Hoek, W. Lauth, S. Schlimme, C. Sfienti, M. Thiel
The Barrel DIRC of the PANDA experiment at FAIR will cleanly separate pions from kaons for the physics program of PANDA. Innovative solutions for key components of the detector sitting in the strong magnetic field of the compact PANDA target spectrometer as well as two reconstruction methods were developed in an extensive prototype program. The technical design and present results from the test beam campaigns at the CERN PS in 2017 and 2018 are discussed.
{"title":"The Innovative Design of the PANDA Barrel DIRC","authors":"G. Schepers, A. Ali, A. Belias, R. Dzhygadlo, A. Gerhardt, M. Krebs, D. Lehmann, K. Peters, C. Schwarz, J. Schwiening, M. Traxler, L. Schmitt, M. Bohm, A. Lehmann, M. Pfaffinger, S. Stelter, F. Uhlig, M. Duren, E. Etzelmuller, K. Fohl, A. Hayrapetyan, K. Kreutzfeld, J. Rieke, M. Schmidt, T. Wasem, P. Achenbach, M. Cardinali, M. Hoek, W. Lauth, S. Schlimme, C. Sfienti, M. Thiel","doi":"10.1393/ncc/i2019-19070-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/ncc/i2019-19070-5","url":null,"abstract":"The Barrel DIRC of the PANDA experiment at FAIR will cleanly separate pions from kaons for the physics program of PANDA. Innovative solutions for key components of the detector sitting in the strong magnetic field of the compact PANDA target spectrometer as well as two reconstruction methods were developed in an extensive prototype program. The technical design and present results from the test beam campaigns at the CERN PS in 2017 and 2018 are discussed.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80609654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Blaj, D. Bhogadi, C.-E. Chang, D. Doering, C. Kenney, T. Kroll, M. Kwiatkowski, J. Segal, D. Sokaras, G. Haller
Wavelength-dispersive spectrometers (WDS) are often used in synchrotron and FEL applications where high energy resolution (in the order of eV) is important. Increasing WDS energy resolution requires increasing spatial resolution of the detectors in the dispersion direction. The common approaches with strip detectors or small pixel detectors are not ideal. We present a novel approach, with a sensor using rectangular pixels with a high aspect ratio (between strips and pixels, further called "strixels"), and strixel redistribution to match the square pixel arrays of typical ASICs while avoiding the considerable effort of redesigning ASICs. This results in a sensor area of 17.4 mm x 77 mm, with a fine pitch of 25 $mu$m in the horizontal direction resulting in 3072 columns and 176 rows. The sensors use ePix100 readout ASICs, leveraging their low noise (43 e$^-$, or 180 eV rms). We present results obtained with a Hammerhead ePix100 camera, showing that the small pitch (25 $mu$m) in the dispersion direction maximizes performance for both high and low photon occupancies, resulting in optimal WDS energy resolution. The low noise level at high photon occupancy allows precise photon counting, while at low occupancy, both the energy and the subpixel position can be reconstructed for every photon, allowing an ultrahigh resolution (in the order of 1 $mu$m) in the dispersion direction and rejection of scattered beam and harmonics. Using strixel sensors with redistribution and flip-chip bonding to standard ePix readout ASICs results in ultrahigh position resolution ($sim$1 $mu$m) and low noise in WDS applications, leveraging the advantages of hybrid pixel detectors (high production yield, good availability, relatively inexpensive) while minimizing development complexity through sharing the ASIC, hardware, software and DAQ development with existing versions of ePix cameras.
波长色散光谱仪(WDS)通常用于同步加速器和自由电子束流的应用，在这些应用中，高能量分辨率(以eV为数量级)是很重要的。提高WDS能量分辨率需要提高探测器在色散方向上的空间分辨率。常用的条带检测器或小像素检测器的方法并不理想。我们提出了一种新颖的方法，该传感器使用具有高长宽比的矩形像素(在条带和像素之间，进一步称为“strixels”)，并且strixel重新分配以匹配典型asic的方形像素阵列，同时避免了重新设计asic的大量工作。这导致17.4 mm x 77 mm的传感器区域，在水平方向上具有25 $mu$ m的细间距，从而产生3072列和176行。传感器使用ePix100读出asic，利用其低噪声(43 e $^-$，或180 eV rms)。我们展示了用Hammerhead ePix100相机获得的结果，表明在色散方向上的小间距(25 $mu$ m)在高和低光子占用下都能最大化性能，从而获得最佳的WDS能量分辨率。高光子占用时的低噪声水平允许精确的光子计数，而在低占用时，每个光子的能量和亚像素位置都可以重建，从而在色散方向上实现超高分辨率(约为1 $mu$ m)，并抑制散射光束和谐波。将strixel传感器与标准ePix读出ASIC进行再分配和倒排芯片连接，可在WDS应用中实现超高位置分辨率($sim$ 1 $mu$ m)和低噪声，充分利用混合像素检测器的优势(高产量，良好的可用性，相对便宜)，同时通过与现有版本的ePix相机共享ASIC，硬件，软件和DAQ开发来最大限度地降低开发复杂性。
{"title":"Hammerhead, an ultrahigh resolution ePix camera for wavelength-dispersive spectrometers","authors":"G. Blaj, D. Bhogadi, C.-E. Chang, D. Doering, C. Kenney, T. Kroll, M. Kwiatkowski, J. Segal, D. Sokaras, G. Haller","doi":"10.1063/1.5084668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5084668","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelength-dispersive spectrometers (WDS) are often used in synchrotron and FEL applications where high energy resolution (in the order of eV) is important. Increasing WDS energy resolution requires increasing spatial resolution of the detectors in the dispersion direction. The common approaches with strip detectors or small pixel detectors are not ideal. We present a novel approach, with a sensor using rectangular pixels with a high aspect ratio (between strips and pixels, further called \"strixels\"), and strixel redistribution to match the square pixel arrays of typical ASICs while avoiding the considerable effort of redesigning ASICs. This results in a sensor area of 17.4 mm x 77 mm, with a fine pitch of 25 $mu$m in the horizontal direction resulting in 3072 columns and 176 rows. The sensors use ePix100 readout ASICs, leveraging their low noise (43 e$^-$, or 180 eV rms). We present results obtained with a Hammerhead ePix100 camera, showing that the small pitch (25 $mu$m) in the dispersion direction maximizes performance for both high and low photon occupancies, resulting in optimal WDS energy resolution. The low noise level at high photon occupancy allows precise photon counting, while at low occupancy, both the energy and the subpixel position can be reconstructed for every photon, allowing an ultrahigh resolution (in the order of 1 $mu$m) in the dispersion direction and rejection of scattered beam and harmonics. Using strixel sensors with redistribution and flip-chip bonding to standard ePix readout ASICs results in ultrahigh position resolution ($sim$1 $mu$m) and low noise in WDS applications, leveraging the advantages of hybrid pixel detectors (high production yield, good availability, relatively inexpensive) while minimizing development complexity through sharing the ASIC, hardware, software and DAQ development with existing versions of ePix cameras.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86702469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.064075
J. Cang, Xinchao Fang, Z. Zeng, M. Zeng, Yinong Liu, Zhigang Sun, Ziyun Chen
Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is usually achieved using the different fast and slow decay components of inorganic scintillators, such as BaF2, CsI:Tl, etc. However, LaBr3:Ce is considered to not possess different components at room temperature, but has been proved to have the capability of discriminating gamma and alpha events using fast digitizers. The physical mechanism of such PSD capability of single-decay component LaBr3:Ce was still unclear. Ionization density-dependent transport and rate equations are used to quantitatively model the competing processes in a particle track. With one parameter set, the model reproduces the non-proportionality response of electrons or alpha particles, and predicts the measured {alpha}/{gamma} pulse shape difference. In particular, the nonlinear quenching of excited dopant ions, Ce3+, is confirmed herein for the first time to mainly contribute observable ionization {alpha}/{gamma} pulse shape differences. Further study of the luminescence quenching can also help to better understand the fundamental physics of nonlinear quenching and thus improve the crystal engineering. Moreover, based on the mechanism of dopant quenching, the ionization density-dependent pulse shape differences in other fast single-decay-component inorganic scintillators, such as LYSO and CeBr3, are also predicted and verified with experiments.
{"title":"Ionization-density-dependent Scintillation Pulse Shape and Mechanism of Luminescence Quenching in LaBr\u00003\u0000:Ce","authors":"J. Cang, Xinchao Fang, Z. Zeng, M. Zeng, Yinong Liu, Zhigang Sun, Ziyun Chen","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.064075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.064075","url":null,"abstract":"Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is usually achieved using the different fast and slow decay components of inorganic scintillators, such as BaF2, CsI:Tl, etc. However, LaBr3:Ce is considered to not possess different components at room temperature, but has been proved to have the capability of discriminating gamma and alpha events using fast digitizers. The physical mechanism of such PSD capability of single-decay component LaBr3:Ce was still unclear. Ionization density-dependent transport and rate equations are used to quantitatively model the competing processes in a particle track. With one parameter set, the model reproduces the non-proportionality response of electrons or alpha particles, and predicts the measured {alpha}/{gamma} pulse shape difference. In particular, the nonlinear quenching of excited dopant ions, Ce3+, is confirmed herein for the first time to mainly contribute observable ionization {alpha}/{gamma} pulse shape differences. Further study of the luminescence quenching can also help to better understand the fundamental physics of nonlinear quenching and thus improve the crystal engineering. Moreover, based on the mechanism of dopant quenching, the ionization density-dependent pulse shape differences in other fast single-decay-component inorganic scintillators, such as LYSO and CeBr3, are also predicted and verified with experiments.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83548414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Blaj, A. Dragone, C. Kenney, F. Abu-Nimeh, P. Caragiulo, D. Doering, M. Kwiatkowski, J. Pines, M. Weaver, S. Boutet, G. Carini, C.-E. Chang, P. Hart, J. Hasi, M. Hayes, R. Herbst, J. Koglin, K. Nakahara, J. Segal, G. Haller
ePix10K is a hybrid pixel detector developed at SLAC for demanding free-electron laser (FEL) applications, providing an ultrahigh dynamic range (245 eV to 88 MeV) through gain auto-ranging. It has three gain modes (high, medium and low) and two auto-ranging modes (high-to-low and medium-to-low). The first ePix10K cameras are built around modules consisting of a sensor flip-chip bonded to 4 ASICs, resulting in 352x384 pixels of 100 $mu$m x 100 $mu$m each. We present results from extensive testing of three ePix10K cameras with FEL beams at LCLS, resulting in a measured noise floor of 245 eV rms, or 67 e$^-$ equivalent noise charge (ENC), and a range of 11000 photons at 8 keV. We demonstrate the linearity of the response in various gain combinations: fixed high, fixed medium, fixed low, auto-ranging high to low, and auto-ranging medium-to-low, while maintaining a low noise (well within the counting statistics), a very low cross-talk, perfect saturation response at fluxes up to 900 times the maximum range, and acquisition rates of up to 480 Hz. Finally, we present examples of high dynamic range x-ray imaging spanning more than 4 orders of magnitude dynamic range (from a single photon to 11000 photons/pixel/pulse at 8 keV). Achieving this high performance with only one auto-ranging switch leads to relatively simple calibration and reconstruction procedures. The low noise levels allow usage with long integration times at non-FEL sources. ePix10K cameras leverage the advantages of hybrid pixel detectors with high production yield and good availability, minimize development complexity through sharing the hardware, software and DAQ development with all other versions of ePix cameras, while providing an upgrade path to 5 kHz, 25 kHz and 100 kHz in three steps over the next few years, matching the LCLS-II requirements.
{"title":"Performance of ePix10K, a high dynamic range, gain auto-ranging pixel detector for FELs","authors":"G. Blaj, A. Dragone, C. Kenney, F. Abu-Nimeh, P. Caragiulo, D. Doering, M. Kwiatkowski, J. Pines, M. Weaver, S. Boutet, G. Carini, C.-E. Chang, P. Hart, J. Hasi, M. Hayes, R. Herbst, J. Koglin, K. Nakahara, J. Segal, G. Haller","doi":"10.1063/1.5084693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5084693","url":null,"abstract":"ePix10K is a hybrid pixel detector developed at SLAC for demanding free-electron laser (FEL) applications, providing an ultrahigh dynamic range (245 eV to 88 MeV) through gain auto-ranging. It has three gain modes (high, medium and low) and two auto-ranging modes (high-to-low and medium-to-low). The first ePix10K cameras are built around modules consisting of a sensor flip-chip bonded to 4 ASICs, resulting in 352x384 pixels of 100 $mu$m x 100 $mu$m each. We present results from extensive testing of three ePix10K cameras with FEL beams at LCLS, resulting in a measured noise floor of 245 eV rms, or 67 e$^-$ equivalent noise charge (ENC), and a range of 11000 photons at 8 keV. We demonstrate the linearity of the response in various gain combinations: fixed high, fixed medium, fixed low, auto-ranging high to low, and auto-ranging medium-to-low, while maintaining a low noise (well within the counting statistics), a very low cross-talk, perfect saturation response at fluxes up to 900 times the maximum range, and acquisition rates of up to 480 Hz. Finally, we present examples of high dynamic range x-ray imaging spanning more than 4 orders of magnitude dynamic range (from a single photon to 11000 photons/pixel/pulse at 8 keV). Achieving this high performance with only one auto-ranging switch leads to relatively simple calibration and reconstruction procedures. The low noise levels allow usage with long integration times at non-FEL sources. ePix10K cameras leverage the advantages of hybrid pixel detectors with high production yield and good availability, minimize development complexity through sharing the hardware, software and DAQ development with all other versions of ePix cameras, while providing an upgrade path to 5 kHz, 25 kHz and 100 kHz in three steps over the next few years, matching the LCLS-II requirements.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"472 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88409859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern photon science performed at high repetition rate free-electron laser (FEL) facilities and beyond relies on 2D pixel detectors operating at increasing frequencies (towards 100 kHz at LCLS-II) and producing rapidly increasing amounts of data (towards TB/s). This data must be rapidly stored for offline analysis and summarized in real time. While at LCLS all raw data has been stored, at LCLS-II this would lead to a prohibitive cost; instead, enabling real time processing of pixel detector raw data allows reducing the size and cost of online processing, offline processing and storage by orders of magnitude while preserving full photon information, by taking advantage of the compressibility of sparse data typical for LCLS-II applications. We investigated if recent developments in machine learning are useful in data processing for high speed pixel detectors and found that typical deep learning models and autoencoder architectures failed to yield useful noise reduction while preserving full photon information, presumably because of the very different statistics and feature sets between computer vision and radiation imaging. However, we redesigned in Tensorflow mathematically equivalent versions of the state-of-the-art, "classical" algorithms used at LCLS. The novel Tensorflow models resulted in elegant, compact and hardware agnostic code, gaining 1 to 2 orders of magnitude faster processing on an inexpensive consumer GPU, reducing by 3 orders of magnitude the projected cost of online analysis at LCLS-II. Computer vision a decade ago was dominated by hand-crafted filters; their structure inspired the deep learning revolution resulting in modern deep convolutional networks; similarly, our novel Tensorflow filters provide inspiration for designing future deep learning architectures for ultrafast and efficient processing and classification of pixel detector images at FEL facilities.
{"title":"Ultrafast processing of pixel detector data with machine learning frameworks","authors":"G. Blaj, Chu-En Chang, C. Kenney","doi":"10.1063/1.5084708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5084708","url":null,"abstract":"Modern photon science performed at high repetition rate free-electron laser (FEL) facilities and beyond relies on 2D pixel detectors operating at increasing frequencies (towards 100 kHz at LCLS-II) and producing rapidly increasing amounts of data (towards TB/s). This data must be rapidly stored for offline analysis and summarized in real time. While at LCLS all raw data has been stored, at LCLS-II this would lead to a prohibitive cost; instead, enabling real time processing of pixel detector raw data allows reducing the size and cost of online processing, offline processing and storage by orders of magnitude while preserving full photon information, by taking advantage of the compressibility of sparse data typical for LCLS-II applications. We investigated if recent developments in machine learning are useful in data processing for high speed pixel detectors and found that typical deep learning models and autoencoder architectures failed to yield useful noise reduction while preserving full photon information, presumably because of the very different statistics and feature sets between computer vision and radiation imaging. However, we redesigned in Tensorflow mathematically equivalent versions of the state-of-the-art, \"classical\" algorithms used at LCLS. The novel Tensorflow models resulted in elegant, compact and hardware agnostic code, gaining 1 to 2 orders of magnitude faster processing on an inexpensive consumer GPU, reducing by 3 orders of magnitude the projected cost of online analysis at LCLS-II. Computer vision a decade ago was dominated by hand-crafted filters; their structure inspired the deep learning revolution resulting in modern deep convolutional networks; similarly, our novel Tensorflow filters provide inspiration for designing future deep learning architectures for ultrafast and efficient processing and classification of pixel detector images at FEL facilities.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81689878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Manthos, I. Maniatis, I. Maznas, M. Tsopoulou, P. Paschalias, T. Koutsosimos, S. Kompogiannis, C. Petridou, S. Tzamarias, K. Kordas, C. Lampoudis, I. Tsiafis, D. Sampsonidis
The MicroMegas technology was selected by the ATLAS experiment at CERN to be adopted for the Small Wheel upgrade of the Muon Spectrometer, dedicated to precision tracking, in order to meet the requirements of the upcoming luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. A large surface of the forward regions of the Muon Spectrometer will be equipped with 8 layers of MicroMegas modules forming a total active area of $1200,m^{2}$. The New Small Wheel is scheduled to be installed in the forward region of $1.3
{"title":"The micromegas project for the ATLAS new small wheel","authors":"I. Manthos, I. Maniatis, I. Maznas, M. Tsopoulou, P. Paschalias, T. Koutsosimos, S. Kompogiannis, C. Petridou, S. Tzamarias, K. Kordas, C. Lampoudis, I. Tsiafis, D. Sampsonidis","doi":"10.1063/1.5091211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5091211","url":null,"abstract":"The MicroMegas technology was selected by the ATLAS experiment at CERN to be adopted for the Small Wheel upgrade of the Muon Spectrometer, dedicated to precision tracking, in order to meet the requirements of the upcoming luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. A large surface of the forward regions of the Muon Spectrometer will be equipped with 8 layers of MicroMegas modules forming a total active area of $1200,m^{2}$. The New Small Wheel is scheduled to be installed in the forward region of $1.3<vert eta vert <2.7$ of the ATLAS detector during the second long shutdown of the Large Hadron Collider. The New Small Wheel will have to operate in a high background radiation environment, while reconstructing muon tracks as well as furnishing information for the Level-1 trigger. The project requires fully efficient MicroMegas chambers with spatial resolution down to $100,{mu}m$, a rate capability up to about $15,kHz/cm^{2}$ and operation in a moderate (highly inhomogeneous) magnetic field up to $B=0.3,T$. The required tracking is linked to the intrinsic spatial resolution in combination with the demanding mechanical accuracy. An overview of the design, construction and assembly procedures of the MicroMegas modules will be reported.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"21 1","pages":"080010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75033161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Abramishvili, G. Adamov, R. Akhmetshin, A. Allin, J. Ang'elique, V. Anishchik, M. Aoki, D. Aznabayev, I. Bagaturia, G. Ban, Y. Ban, D. Bauer, D. Baygarashev, A. Bondar, C. Cârloganu, B. Carniol, T. T. Chau, J. Chen, S. Chen, Y. Cheung, W. Silva, P. Dauncey, C. Densham, G. Devidze, P. Dornan, A. Drutskoy, V. Duginov, Y. Eguchi, L. Epshteyn, P. Evtoukhovich, S. Fayer, G. Fedotovich, M. Finger, Y. Fujii, Y. Fukao, J. Gabriel, E. Gillies, D. Grigoriev, K. Gritsay, V. H. Hải, E. Hamada, I. H. Hashim, S. Hashimoto, O. Hayashi, T. Hayashi, T. Hiasa, Z. A. Ibrahim, Y. Igarashi, F. Ignatov, M. Iio, K. Ishibashi, A. Issadykov, T. Itahashi, A. Jansen, X. Jiang, P. Jonsson, T. Kachelhoffer, V. Kalinnikov, E. Kaneva, F. Kapusta, H. Katayama, K. Kawagoe, Rei Kawashima, N. Kazak, V. Kazanin, O. Kemularia, A. Khvedelidze, M. Koike, T. Kormoll, G. Kozlov, A. Kozyrev, M. Kravchenko, B. Krikler, G. Kumsiashvili, Y. Kuno, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Kurochkin, A. Kurup, B. Lagrange, Jingliu Lai, M. Lee, H. Li, R. P. Litchfield, Wenzh
The Technical Design for the COMET Phase-I experiment is presented in this paper. COMET is an experiment at J-PARC, Japan, which will search for neutrinoless conversion of muons into electrons in the field of an aluminium nucleus ($mu-e$ conversion, $mu^- N to e^- N$); a lepton flavor violating process. The experimental sensitivity goal for this process in the Phase-I experiment is $3.1times10^{-15}$, or 90 % upper limit of branching ratio of $7times 10^{-15}$, which is a factor of 100 improvement over the existing limit. The expected number of background events is 0.032. To achieve the target sensitivity and background level, the 3.2 kW 8 GeV proton beam from J-PARC will be used. Two types of detectors, CyDet and StrECAL, will be used for detecting the mue conversion events, and for measuring the beam-related background events in view of the Phase-II experiment, respectively. Results from simulation on signal and background estimations are also described.
{"title":"COMET Phase-I technical design report","authors":"R. Abramishvili, G. Adamov, R. Akhmetshin, A. Allin, J. Ang'elique, V. Anishchik, M. Aoki, D. Aznabayev, I. Bagaturia, G. Ban, Y. Ban, D. Bauer, D. Baygarashev, A. Bondar, C. Cârloganu, B. Carniol, T. T. Chau, J. Chen, S. Chen, Y. Cheung, W. Silva, P. Dauncey, C. Densham, G. Devidze, P. Dornan, A. Drutskoy, V. Duginov, Y. Eguchi, L. Epshteyn, P. Evtoukhovich, S. Fayer, G. Fedotovich, M. Finger, Y. Fujii, Y. Fukao, J. Gabriel, E. Gillies, D. Grigoriev, K. Gritsay, V. H. Hải, E. Hamada, I. H. Hashim, S. Hashimoto, O. Hayashi, T. Hayashi, T. Hiasa, Z. A. Ibrahim, Y. Igarashi, F. Ignatov, M. Iio, K. Ishibashi, A. Issadykov, T. Itahashi, A. Jansen, X. Jiang, P. Jonsson, T. Kachelhoffer, V. Kalinnikov, E. Kaneva, F. Kapusta, H. Katayama, K. Kawagoe, Rei Kawashima, N. Kazak, V. Kazanin, O. Kemularia, A. Khvedelidze, M. Koike, T. Kormoll, G. Kozlov, A. Kozyrev, M. Kravchenko, B. Krikler, G. Kumsiashvili, Y. Kuno, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Kurochkin, A. Kurup, B. Lagrange, Jingliu Lai, M. Lee, H. Li, R. P. Litchfield, Wenzh","doi":"10.1093/ptep/ptz125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptz125","url":null,"abstract":"The Technical Design for the COMET Phase-I experiment is presented in this paper. COMET is an experiment at J-PARC, Japan, which will search for neutrinoless conversion of muons into electrons in the field of an aluminium nucleus ($mu-e$ conversion, $mu^- N to e^- N$); a lepton flavor violating process. The experimental sensitivity goal for this process in the Phase-I experiment is $3.1times10^{-15}$, or 90 % upper limit of branching ratio of $7times 10^{-15}$, which is a factor of 100 improvement over the existing limit. The expected number of background events is 0.032. To achieve the target sensitivity and background level, the 3.2 kW 8 GeV proton beam from J-PARC will be used. Two types of detectors, CyDet and StrECAL, will be used for detecting the mue conversion events, and for measuring the beam-related background events in view of the Phase-II experiment, respectively. Results from simulation on signal and background estimations are also described.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79071531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Strait, S. Bending, K. Kephart, P. L. U. O. Minnesota, University College London, F. N. Laboratory
The systematic uncertainty on the correspondence between muon range and energy is developed for the NOvA neutrino experiment. NOvA consists of two detectors, the Near Detector at Fermilab and the Far Detector in northern Minnesota. Total errors are developed for the Near Detector, with its Muon Catcher treated separately, the Far Detector, and all combinations of correlated and uncorrelated errors between these three detectors. The absolute errors for the Near Detector (1.0%), the Far Detector (0.9%), and the fully correlated error shared by them (0.9%) are strongly dominated by Geant4's treatment of the Bethe density effect. At the Near Detector, the next biggest uncertainty is from stray hits caused by neutron capture pile-up. Other contributions are marginally significant, with the biggest, in descending order, being due to external measurements of the mean excitation energies of elements, detector mass accounting, and modification of energy loss by chemical binding. For the Muon Catcher, the absolute error is expressed as an offset instead of a percentage: 21 MeV. The density effect (at higher energies) and neutron capture pile-up (at lower energies) are the strongly dominant errors. The relative error between the Near and Far Detectors is 0.4% and is strongly dominated by neutron capture pile-up at the Near Detector, with a subdominant contribution from detector mass accounting.
{"title":"NOvA Muon Energy Scale Systematic","authors":"M. Strait, S. Bending, K. Kephart, P. L. U. O. Minnesota, University College London, F. N. Laboratory","doi":"10.2172/1524807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1524807","url":null,"abstract":"The systematic uncertainty on the correspondence between muon range and energy is developed for the NOvA neutrino experiment. NOvA consists of two detectors, the Near Detector at Fermilab and the Far Detector in northern Minnesota. Total errors are developed for the Near Detector, with its Muon Catcher treated separately, the Far Detector, and all combinations of correlated and uncorrelated errors between these three detectors. The absolute errors for the Near Detector (1.0%), the Far Detector (0.9%), and the fully correlated error shared by them (0.9%) are strongly dominated by Geant4's treatment of the Bethe density effect. At the Near Detector, the next biggest uncertainty is from stray hits caused by neutron capture pile-up. Other contributions are marginally significant, with the biggest, in descending order, being due to external measurements of the mean excitation energies of elements, detector mass accounting, and modification of energy loss by chemical binding. For the Muon Catcher, the absolute error is expressed as an offset instead of a percentage: 21 MeV. The density effect (at higher energies) and neutron capture pile-up (at lower energies) are the strongly dominant errors. The relative error between the Near and Far Detectors is 0.4% and is strongly dominated by neutron capture pile-up at the Near Detector, with a subdominant contribution from detector mass accounting.","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87391568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-03DOI: 10.3807/COPP.2019.3.2.128
Won-Kyu Lee, S. Park, C. Park, D. Yu, Myoung-Sun Heo, H. Kim
The vibration sensitivities of optical cavities depending on the support-area were investigated both numerically and experimentally. We performed the numerical simulation with two models; one with total constraint over the support area, and the other with only vertical constraint. A support-area-size insensitive optimal support condition could be found by the numerical simulation. The support-area was determined in the experiment by a Viton rubber pad. The vertical, transverse, and longitudinal vibration sensitivities were measured experimentally. The experimental result agreed with the numerical simulation with a sliding model (only vertical constraint).
{"title":"Support-Area Dependence of Vibration-Insensitive Optical Cavities.","authors":"Won-Kyu Lee, S. Park, C. Park, D. Yu, Myoung-Sun Heo, H. Kim","doi":"10.3807/COPP.2019.3.2.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3807/COPP.2019.3.2.128","url":null,"abstract":"The vibration sensitivities of optical cavities depending on the support-area were investigated both numerically and experimentally. We performed the numerical simulation with two models; one with total constraint over the support area, and the other with only vertical constraint. A support-area-size insensitive optimal support condition could be found by the numerical simulation. The support-area was determined in the experiment by a Viton rubber pad. The vertical, transverse, and longitudinal vibration sensitivities were measured experimentally. The experimental result agreed with the numerical simulation with a sliding model (only vertical constraint).","PeriodicalId":8827,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"221 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77446964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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