Abstract. Sjahriani T, Kurniati M, Arivo D, Syukri DM, Tyasningsih W. 2023. Genetic development of Stx phage. Biodiversitas 24: 4334-4341. Stx phages have been studied and described due to their involvement in shigatoxin. The variety, evolution, dispersion, and molecular mechanisms of STEC and Stx phages have all been widely studied, but the further research is still required. The objective of this study was to investigate the unique sequences of bacteriophage DNA from the NCBI database and to identify the changes in the DNA sequence of both regular and stx-carrying bacteriophages. It was first reported in 2001, but studies have not been carried out. The stx-carrying bacteriophage DNA sequence, similarity of identity, e-value, and gaps were analyzed using PCR and DNA sequencing. The number of bacteriophage that used in this study was eight. The results revealed the similarity of bacteriophage to stx-carrying bacteriophages by 82.67% to 88.5%, and exhibited notable variations in comparison to each phage 1 to 8 (Eco157 phage WASJ/2022) (p<0.001). Moreover, results exhibited an e-value ranging from 7e-85 to 3e-44. In addition, results showed gaps between 1-2% in comparison to other stx-carrying bacteriophages in NCBI with bacteriophage alterations on the bases of Cytosine and Thymine in 184th and 263rd. Therefore, this work provided the potency of bacteriophage as an alternative pharmaceuticals in controlling foodborne diseases.
{"title":"Genetic development of Stx phage","authors":"TESSA SJAHRIANI, MALA KURNIATI, DEBI ARIVO, DWI MARLINA SYUKRI, WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240815","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Sjahriani T, Kurniati M, Arivo D, Syukri DM, Tyasningsih W. 2023. Genetic development of Stx phage. Biodiversitas 24: 4334-4341. Stx phages have been studied and described due to their involvement in shigatoxin. The variety, evolution, dispersion, and molecular mechanisms of STEC and Stx phages have all been widely studied, but the further research is still required. The objective of this study was to investigate the unique sequences of bacteriophage DNA from the NCBI database and to identify the changes in the DNA sequence of both regular and stx-carrying bacteriophages. It was first reported in 2001, but studies have not been carried out. The stx-carrying bacteriophage DNA sequence, similarity of identity, e-value, and gaps were analyzed using PCR and DNA sequencing. The number of bacteriophage that used in this study was eight. The results revealed the similarity of bacteriophage to stx-carrying bacteriophages by 82.67% to 88.5%, and exhibited notable variations in comparison to each phage 1 to 8 (Eco157 phage WASJ/2022) (p<0.001). Moreover, results exhibited an e-value ranging from 7e-85 to 3e-44. In addition, results showed gaps between 1-2% in comparison to other stx-carrying bacteriophages in NCBI with bacteriophage alterations on the bases of Cytosine and Thymine in 184th and 263rd. Therefore, this work provided the potency of bacteriophage as an alternative pharmaceuticals in controlling foodborne diseases.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Azzahra PR, Sumarga E, Sholihah A. 2023. Mangrove ecotourism development at Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4457-4468. Karimunjawa National Park (KJNP) is a marine conservation area with a high potential for developing mangrove ecotourism in Indonesia. Several essential aspects should be adequately understood to support mangrove ecotourism in KJNP, including the potential of tourism attractions, the ecological carrying capacity for tourism, the potential support from stakeholders, and the best strategies based on the latest conditions. This study aimed to (i) identify and analyze the potential of mangrove ecotourism attractions in KJNP, (ii) analyze the carrying capacity for mangrove ecotourism, (iii) analyze the level of influence and interest of stakeholders, and (iv) determine strategies for developing mangrove ecotourism in KJNP. The ecotourism attraction potentials were analyzed using a modified version of the assessment of Natural Tourism Attraction Objects (NTAO) (Objek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam – ODTWA). The carrying capacity was analyzed using the Area Carrying Capacity concept. The influence and interest level of stakeholders were analyzed using the economic characteristics of the community and the stakeholder grids. The strategy for developing mangrove ecotourism was determined using Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT), and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) analyses. The results showed that mangrove ecotourism in KJNP is highly potential and feasible to be developed based on the assessment of 15 criteria of NTAO with a carrying capacity of ca. 104 visitors/day. About 96% of the community agrees to support the development of mangrove ecotourism in KJNP. Karimunjawa National Park Office and the local community were identified as essential players from the eight recognizable stakeholders. Seven main strategies were formulated for developing mangrove ecotourism in KJNP, with the improvement of cooperation among stakeholders in developing facilities and tourist attractions and promoting mangrove ecotourism was perceived as the most urgent strategy to be implemented.
摘要刘建军，刘建军，刘建军，等。印尼Karimunjawa国家公园红树林生态旅游开发。生物多样性，24:4457-4468。Karimunjawa国家公园(KJNP)是印尼红树林生态旅游发展潜力巨大的海洋保护区。要在香港湿地公园内支持红树林生态旅游，必须充分了解几个重要方面，包括旅游景点的潜力、旅游业的生态承载能力、利益相关者的潜在支持，以及根据最新情况制定的最佳策略。本研究旨在(i)识别和分析KJNP红树林生态旅游景点的潜力，(ii)分析红树林生态旅游的承载能力，(iii)分析利益相关者的影响力和利益水平，以及(iv)确定KJNP红树林生态旅游的发展战略。采用修正版的自然旅游吸引力对象评价(Objek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam - ODTWA)对生态旅游吸引力潜力进行了分析。采用面积承载力的概念对其承载力进行了分析。利用社区经济特征和利益相关者网格，分析了利益相关者的影响力和利益水平。采用优势、劣势、机会、威胁(SWOT)和定量战略规划矩阵(QSPM)分析，确定了红树林生态旅游的发展战略。结果表明，通过15项NTAO指标的评价，KJNP红树林生态旅游具有较强的发展潜力和可行性，其承载能力约为104人次/天。约96%的社区居民同意支持KJNP红树林生态旅游的发展。Karimunjawa国家公园办公室和当地社区从八个可识别的利益相关者中被确定为重要的参与者。制定了7项发展红树林生态旅游的主要战略，并在开发设施和旅游景点方面加强利益相关者之间的合作，促进红树林生态旅游被认为是最迫切需要实施的战略。
{"title":"Mangrove ecotourism development at Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia","authors":"PUTERI RAYSA AZZAHRA, ELHAM SUMARGA, ARNI SHOLIHAH","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240827","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Azzahra PR, Sumarga E, Sholihah A. 2023. Mangrove ecotourism development at Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4457-4468. Karimunjawa National Park (KJNP) is a marine conservation area with a high potential for developing mangrove ecotourism in Indonesia. Several essential aspects should be adequately understood to support mangrove ecotourism in KJNP, including the potential of tourism attractions, the ecological carrying capacity for tourism, the potential support from stakeholders, and the best strategies based on the latest conditions. This study aimed to (i) identify and analyze the potential of mangrove ecotourism attractions in KJNP, (ii) analyze the carrying capacity for mangrove ecotourism, (iii) analyze the level of influence and interest of stakeholders, and (iv) determine strategies for developing mangrove ecotourism in KJNP. The ecotourism attraction potentials were analyzed using a modified version of the assessment of Natural Tourism Attraction Objects (NTAO) (Objek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam – ODTWA). The carrying capacity was analyzed using the Area Carrying Capacity concept. The influence and interest level of stakeholders were analyzed using the economic characteristics of the community and the stakeholder grids. The strategy for developing mangrove ecotourism was determined using Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT), and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) analyses. The results showed that mangrove ecotourism in KJNP is highly potential and feasible to be developed based on the assessment of 15 criteria of NTAO with a carrying capacity of ca. 104 visitors/day. About 96% of the community agrees to support the development of mangrove ecotourism in KJNP. Karimunjawa National Park Office and the local community were identified as essential players from the eight recognizable stakeholders. Seven main strategies were formulated for developing mangrove ecotourism in KJNP, with the improvement of cooperation among stakeholders in developing facilities and tourist attractions and promoting mangrove ecotourism was perceived as the most urgent strategy to be implemented.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MOHAMMAD AFDHAL ADIDHARMA, SUPRIATNA SUPRIATNA, NOVERITA DIAN TAKARINA
Abstract. Adidharma MA, Supriatna, Takarina ND. 2023. The impact of nickel mining on vegetation index in Molawe Sub-district, North Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4581-4588. Nickel mining activities in Molawe Sub-district, North Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia have modified the land cover structure over time due to increased mining exploitation zones. This study intends to assess changes in land cover in the Molawe Sub-district, particularly around mining regions. The NDVI index was applied to Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery data in 2001 to identify land cover conditions before mining activities, then to Landsat 8 OLI imagery data in 2015 and 2020 to identify land cover after mining activities. These data are then used to compute annual changes in the extent of each land cover. The NDVI classification produces four land cover types: non-vegetation, open soil, sparse vegetation, and moderate vegetation. The study shows that non-vegetation and open ground cover types experienced a significant increase in area from 2001 to 2015 and from 2015 to 2020. Meanwhile, sparse vegetation forest cover experienced a reduction in area from 2001 to 2015 and 2015 to 2020. In contrast to sparse vegetation, the moderate vegetation cover is experiencing a minor increase in area. Based on these results, relevant policymakers need to formulate policies to mitigate environmental impacts that may arise in the future.
{"title":"The impact of nickel mining on vegetation index in Molawe Sub-district, North Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"MOHAMMAD AFDHAL ADIDHARMA, SUPRIATNA SUPRIATNA, NOVERITA DIAN TAKARINA","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240840","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Adidharma MA, Supriatna, Takarina ND. 2023. The impact of nickel mining on vegetation index in Molawe Sub-district, North Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4581-4588. Nickel mining activities in Molawe Sub-district, North Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia have modified the land cover structure over time due to increased mining exploitation zones. This study intends to assess changes in land cover in the Molawe Sub-district, particularly around mining regions. The NDVI index was applied to Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery data in 2001 to identify land cover conditions before mining activities, then to Landsat 8 OLI imagery data in 2015 and 2020 to identify land cover after mining activities. These data are then used to compute annual changes in the extent of each land cover. The NDVI classification produces four land cover types: non-vegetation, open soil, sparse vegetation, and moderate vegetation. The study shows that non-vegetation and open ground cover types experienced a significant increase in area from 2001 to 2015 and from 2015 to 2020. Meanwhile, sparse vegetation forest cover experienced a reduction in area from 2001 to 2015 and 2015 to 2020. In contrast to sparse vegetation, the moderate vegetation cover is experiencing a minor increase in area. Based on these results, relevant policymakers need to formulate policies to mitigate environmental impacts that may arise in the future.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ALUH NIKMATULLAH, IHLANA NAIRFANA, SUPRAYANTI MARTIA DEWI, MUHAMMAD SARJAN
Abstract. Nikmatullah A, Nairfana I, Dewi SM, Sarjan M. 2023. Morphological diversity of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) in Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4597-4608. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Indian jujube or Bidara) is an evergreen shrub or small tree tolerant to drought, salinity, and high-temperature stress with various ethnobotanical and ecological values. However, minimal information is available on its diversity in Indonesia. The current study aims to assess the morphological diversity of Z. mauritiana accessions collected from 18 locations in Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. The plant's qualitative and quantitative morphological attributes were collected, including size, L/W ratio and color of leaf and fruit, length, and occurrence of spine and stem surface. The results revealed significant differences in some observed characters among the accessions. Petiole length varied from 0.6 to 1.4 cm, leaf length ranged from 2.9 to 5.0 cm, leaf width ranged from 2.6 to 4.2 cm, and leaf L/W ratio was 1.07 to 1.46. All samples of Z. mauritiana in Sumbawa Island had a spine that occurred evenly in every node, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 cm. Most accessions had single spinal per node except two accessions, which had double horn-shaped spines in each node. The quantitative characters for fruits also varied, either orbicular or oblong. The fruit length ranged from 1.2 to 1.9 cm, the fruit width varied between 1.1 to 1.8 cm, and the fruit L/W ratio was between 1.0 and 1.2. There were also morphological differences in leaf color, fruit color, shape, and taste (sweet, sour, or bitter). The finding suggests some degree of morphological diversity of Z. mauritiana in Sumbawa, as shown by quantitative and qualitative attributes of the leaf, thorn, and fruit.
{"title":"Morphological diversity of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) in Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia","authors":"ALUH NIKMATULLAH, IHLANA NAIRFANA, SUPRAYANTI MARTIA DEWI, MUHAMMAD SARJAN","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240842","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nikmatullah A, Nairfana I, Dewi SM, Sarjan M. 2023. Morphological diversity of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) in Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4597-4608. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Indian jujube or Bidara) is an evergreen shrub or small tree tolerant to drought, salinity, and high-temperature stress with various ethnobotanical and ecological values. However, minimal information is available on its diversity in Indonesia. The current study aims to assess the morphological diversity of Z. mauritiana accessions collected from 18 locations in Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. The plant's qualitative and quantitative morphological attributes were collected, including size, L/W ratio and color of leaf and fruit, length, and occurrence of spine and stem surface. The results revealed significant differences in some observed characters among the accessions. Petiole length varied from 0.6 to 1.4 cm, leaf length ranged from 2.9 to 5.0 cm, leaf width ranged from 2.6 to 4.2 cm, and leaf L/W ratio was 1.07 to 1.46. All samples of Z. mauritiana in Sumbawa Island had a spine that occurred evenly in every node, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 cm. Most accessions had single spinal per node except two accessions, which had double horn-shaped spines in each node. The quantitative characters for fruits also varied, either orbicular or oblong. The fruit length ranged from 1.2 to 1.9 cm, the fruit width varied between 1.1 to 1.8 cm, and the fruit L/W ratio was between 1.0 and 1.2. There were also morphological differences in leaf color, fruit color, shape, and taste (sweet, sour, or bitter). The finding suggests some degree of morphological diversity of Z. mauritiana in Sumbawa, as shown by quantitative and qualitative attributes of the leaf, thorn, and fruit.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Haslianti, Sahidin, Asnani, Fristiohady A. 2023. Growth, biomass, and carotenoids content analysis of Navicula sp. and Chlorella sp. in batch cultures with different salinities. Biodiversitas 24: 4299-4306. The physiological activity of microalgae is strongly influenced by culture conditions. Therefore, the rebound in this microscopic plant blooming phenomenon varies according to the aquatic environmental parameters, especially the salinity of its medium. This study aimed to analyze the cell density, biomass, and carotenoid content of two types of microalgal cultures isolated from the sea of Southeast Sulawesi. This research was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022. The independent variable in this study was salinity (30, 33, and 36‰), and the dependent variables were the parameters of cell density, biomass, and carotenoids content. This study consisted of 135 unit experiments using a completely randomized design (CRD). The same trend in cell density is observed in the two types of microalgae, where exponential growth occurred from day 2 to day 6 and decreased in growth rate on day 7. The biomass content of the two types observed was relatively the same, ranging from 0.0176-0.0181 g, while the carotenoids content ranged from 12.8294-25.5958 g/mL. The highest carotenoids level was found in the type of Chlorella sp. (25.5958 g/mL) while the lowest was in the type of Navicula sp. (12.8294 g/mL). The data indicate that the salinity parameter (>30?36‰) greatly influences and thus spikes growth in cells due to their biomass and high carotenoid content. The environment parameter also contributes significantly to other physiological parameters (one-way ANOVA, p<0.05).
{"title":"Growth, biomass, and carotenoids content analysis of Navicula sp. and Chlorella sp. in batch cultures with different salinities","authors":"HASLIANTI HASLIANTI, SAHIDIN SAHIDIN, ASNANI ASNANI, ADRYAN FRISTIOHADY","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240811","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Haslianti, Sahidin, Asnani, Fristiohady A. 2023. Growth, biomass, and carotenoids content analysis of Navicula sp. and Chlorella sp. in batch cultures with different salinities. Biodiversitas 24: 4299-4306. The physiological activity of microalgae is strongly influenced by culture conditions. Therefore, the rebound in this microscopic plant blooming phenomenon varies according to the aquatic environmental parameters, especially the salinity of its medium. This study aimed to analyze the cell density, biomass, and carotenoid content of two types of microalgal cultures isolated from the sea of Southeast Sulawesi. This research was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022. The independent variable in this study was salinity (30, 33, and 36‰), and the dependent variables were the parameters of cell density, biomass, and carotenoids content. This study consisted of 135 unit experiments using a completely randomized design (CRD). The same trend in cell density is observed in the two types of microalgae, where exponential growth occurred from day 2 to day 6 and decreased in growth rate on day 7. The biomass content of the two types observed was relatively the same, ranging from 0.0176-0.0181 g, while the carotenoids content ranged from 12.8294-25.5958 g/mL. The highest carotenoids level was found in the type of Chlorella sp. (25.5958 g/mL) while the lowest was in the type of Navicula sp. (12.8294 g/mL). The data indicate that the salinity parameter (>30?36‰) greatly influences and thus spikes growth in cells due to their biomass and high carotenoid content. The environment parameter also contributes significantly to other physiological parameters (one-way ANOVA, p<0.05).","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135182686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Al-Zaidi MHH, Al-Tamimi WH, Saleh AAA. 2023. Molecular determination of the microbial diversity associated with vaginitis and testing their sensitivity to selected antimicrobials. Biodiversitas 24: 4253-4261. Millions of women suffer from bacterial vaginitis is associated with several serious health problems. The present study aimed to investigate the microbial diversity and their sensitivity to different antimicrobial agents. Bacterial isolates were identified by genotyping using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BLASTn analysis, while conventional mycological methods identified Candida spp. The disc diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The molecular identification showed that Escherichia coli (20.8%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (20.8%) were the most frequent species, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%). At the same time, Macrococcus caseolyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus were the least prevalent bacteria (4.16%)—all Candida sp. against the selected antimicrobial agents. Thus, molecular assays are important in monitoring microorganisms associated with vaginitis. Prospective genotyping studies are needed to determine these microbes' resistant genes and understand their mode of action and response to drug therapy.
{"title":"Molecular determination of the microbial diversity associated with vaginitis and testing their sensitivity to selected antimicrobials","authors":"MASSOOMA HILAL HWAIDI AL-ZAIDI, WIJDAN HUSSAIN AL-TAMIMI, AFRODET ABD-ALRAZAQ SALEH","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240806","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Al-Zaidi MHH, Al-Tamimi WH, Saleh AAA. 2023. Molecular determination of the microbial diversity associated with vaginitis and testing their sensitivity to selected antimicrobials. Biodiversitas 24: 4253-4261. Millions of women suffer from bacterial vaginitis is associated with several serious health problems. The present study aimed to investigate the microbial diversity and their sensitivity to different antimicrobial agents. Bacterial isolates were identified by genotyping using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BLASTn analysis, while conventional mycological methods identified Candida spp. The disc diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The molecular identification showed that Escherichia coli (20.8%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (20.8%) were the most frequent species, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%). At the same time, Macrococcus caseolyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus were the least prevalent bacteria (4.16%)—all Candida sp. against the selected antimicrobial agents. Thus, molecular assays are important in monitoring microorganisms associated with vaginitis. Prospective genotyping studies are needed to determine these microbes' resistant genes and understand their mode of action and response to drug therapy.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ARNAT THAWARORIT, ABIL DERMAIL, KAMOL LERTRAT, SOMPONG CHANKAEW, KHUNDEJ SURIHARN
Abstract. Thawarorit A, Dermail A, Lertrat K, Chankaew S, Suriharn K. 2023. Stratified haploid identification system through the R1-nj kernel and reduced seedling vigor in tropical maize germplasm. Biodiversitas 24: 4262-4268. Haploid identification through the R1-nj marker is commonly applied in in-vivo doubled haploid technology in maize, although misclassification issues often occur. We explored the innate properties of maternal haploids at the seedling stage to verify true haploids and to reduce false positives. There are many questions about whether reduced seedling vigor is effective for haploid verification in tropical maize backgrounds. This study aimed to evaluate the haploid induction rate of Stock6-derived F3 population inducers and to investigate the effectiveness of reduced seedling vigor at the V2/V3stage as an alternative marker to verify putative haploids. Field trials and haploid induction were conducted in the rainy season of 2021 and the dry season of 2021/22 in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Two tropical source germplasm: P789 and S7328, were included as donor females. Haploids were identified through the R1-nj marker and reduced seedling vigor. Significant reduction of haploid frequency up to 2.5% on average between the two identification methods, indicating that a considerable number of false positives could be found using reduced seedling vigor. Inducer population K11 was promising since it performed a stable ability to produce haploids over donors and seasons and had a low misclassification rate. Further breeding strategies and haploid selection schemes are discussed.
{"title":"Stratified haploid identification system through the R1-nj kernel and reduced seedling vigor in tropical maize germplasm","authors":"ARNAT THAWARORIT, ABIL DERMAIL, KAMOL LERTRAT, SOMPONG CHANKAEW, KHUNDEJ SURIHARN","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240807","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Thawarorit A, Dermail A, Lertrat K, Chankaew S, Suriharn K. 2023. Stratified haploid identification system through the R1-nj kernel and reduced seedling vigor in tropical maize germplasm. Biodiversitas 24: 4262-4268. Haploid identification through the R1-nj marker is commonly applied in in-vivo doubled haploid technology in maize, although misclassification issues often occur. We explored the innate properties of maternal haploids at the seedling stage to verify true haploids and to reduce false positives. There are many questions about whether reduced seedling vigor is effective for haploid verification in tropical maize backgrounds. This study aimed to evaluate the haploid induction rate of Stock6-derived F3 population inducers and to investigate the effectiveness of reduced seedling vigor at the V2/V3stage as an alternative marker to verify putative haploids. Field trials and haploid induction were conducted in the rainy season of 2021 and the dry season of 2021/22 in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Two tropical source germplasm: P789 and S7328, were included as donor females. Haploids were identified through the R1-nj marker and reduced seedling vigor. Significant reduction of haploid frequency up to 2.5% on average between the two identification methods, indicating that a considerable number of false positives could be found using reduced seedling vigor. Inducer population K11 was promising since it performed a stable ability to produce haploids over donors and seasons and had a low misclassification rate. Further breeding strategies and haploid selection schemes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134932645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Rahma H, Martinius, Khairul U, Rahmi F. 2023. The potential of beneficial microbes to suppress the development of bacterial leaf blight in rice plants caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Biodiversitas 24: 4209-4217. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is caused bacterial leaf blight in rice plants. One technique for controlling the bacterial leaf blight that currently being developed is using beneficial microbes. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identified beneficial microbes that can suppress bacterial leaf blight development in rice plants. In the present study fifteen isolates of beneficial microbes were investigated for their potential as an antagonist against Xoo, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of rice plants. Four isolates, namely Act-SK2, Act-Mn2, Act-Hr21, and Act-Pha4, showed the ability to reduce the area under progress curve (AUDPC) values by 51.33, 51.00, 84.00, and 82.33, respectively. The effectiveness of AUDPC suppression ranged between 80%-88%. Two out of four isolates showed potential in reducing the severity of BLB disease by 3.65% (Act-Sk2) and 3.88% (Act-Mn2) as compared to control. The effectiveness of both isolates in reducing disease severity was 86.34% (Act-Sk2) and 85.48% (Act-Mn2). Furthermore, identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that three isolates, namely Act-Sk2, Act-Hr21, and Act-Pha4, belong to Actinobacteria. Each isolate showed 99.68% similarities with Streptomyces sp. strain KS02 (Acc. No. AB373961, 99.84% with Streptomyces sp. strains Al-Dhabi-119 (Acc. No.MK675528), and 99.64% with Streptomyces griseus strain K 2 (Acc. No. MK811436). Isolate Act-Mn2 showed 100% similarity with Penicillium janthinellum strain CMV006C1 (Acc. No. MK450697). The results of this study indicate that the four microorganisms tested have potential to be developed as biological agents.
{"title":"The potential of beneficial microbes to suppress the development of bacterial leaf blight in rice plants caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae","authors":"HALIATUR RAHMA, MARTINIUS MARTINIUS, UJANG KHAIRUL, FADHILA RAHMI","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240801","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Rahma H, Martinius, Khairul U, Rahmi F. 2023. The potential of beneficial microbes to suppress the development of bacterial leaf blight in rice plants caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Biodiversitas 24: 4209-4217. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is caused bacterial leaf blight in rice plants. One technique for controlling the bacterial leaf blight that currently being developed is using beneficial microbes. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identified beneficial microbes that can suppress bacterial leaf blight development in rice plants. In the present study fifteen isolates of beneficial microbes were investigated for their potential as an antagonist against Xoo, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of rice plants. Four isolates, namely Act-SK2, Act-Mn2, Act-Hr21, and Act-Pha4, showed the ability to reduce the area under progress curve (AUDPC) values by 51.33, 51.00, 84.00, and 82.33, respectively. The effectiveness of AUDPC suppression ranged between 80%-88%. Two out of four isolates showed potential in reducing the severity of BLB disease by 3.65% (Act-Sk2) and 3.88% (Act-Mn2) as compared to control. The effectiveness of both isolates in reducing disease severity was 86.34% (Act-Sk2) and 85.48% (Act-Mn2). Furthermore, identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that three isolates, namely Act-Sk2, Act-Hr21, and Act-Pha4, belong to Actinobacteria. Each isolate showed 99.68% similarities with Streptomyces sp. strain KS02 (Acc. No. AB373961, 99.84% with Streptomyces sp. strains Al-Dhabi-119 (Acc. No.MK675528), and 99.64% with Streptomyces griseus strain K 2 (Acc. No. MK811436). Isolate Act-Mn2 showed 100% similarity with Penicillium janthinellum strain CMV006C1 (Acc. No. MK450697). The results of this study indicate that the four microorganisms tested have potential to be developed as biological agents.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134932640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SHAHRIZAL M. ABDILLAH, MUHAMAD SYUKUR, WILLY B. SUWARNO, ARYA W. RITONGA, ANUNG WAHYUDI
Abstract. Abdillah SM, Syukur M, Suwarno WB, Ritonga AW, Wahyudi A. 2023. Genotype sensitivity and adaptability for fruit yield in red and green okra on environmental change. Biodiversitas 24: 4289-4298. Okra is vegetable plant consumed in immature and beneficial plants of various health. For breeders, this crop had a big chance to develop a high-yield genotype in various conditions. To develop a new variety must be known adaptability and stability in environment tests. This research aimed to evaluate the fruit yield response, sensitivity, and adaptability of okra genotypes in four environment trials. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used in each environment, with ten okra genotypes as the treatment. The AMMI-1, AMMI-2 and GGE biplot was used to illustrate genotype stability and their adaptability. Genotype by environment interaction significantly affected fruit yield, with the environment having a large contribution, with SWR01 being the highest yield. The rate of rainfall and PC1 were explained as 36.98% and 70.17% to the GEI sum of squares, respectively. ‘ZAHIRA’ and ‘GSO03’ showed sensitivities to the rate of rainfall. Genotypes ‘SWR01’ and ‘GSO03’ were the most favorable genotype according to ASV and yield performance across environments The AMMI-1, AMMI-2 and GGE biplot confirmed that both were the most suitable genotype for developing a recent variety of okra in a wide environment.
{"title":"Genotype sensitivity and adaptability for fruit yield in red and green okra on environmental change","authors":"SHAHRIZAL M. ABDILLAH, MUHAMAD SYUKUR, WILLY B. SUWARNO, ARYA W. RITONGA, ANUNG WAHYUDI","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240810","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Abdillah SM, Syukur M, Suwarno WB, Ritonga AW, Wahyudi A. 2023. Genotype sensitivity and adaptability for fruit yield in red and green okra on environmental change. Biodiversitas 24: 4289-4298. Okra is vegetable plant consumed in immature and beneficial plants of various health. For breeders, this crop had a big chance to develop a high-yield genotype in various conditions. To develop a new variety must be known adaptability and stability in environment tests. This research aimed to evaluate the fruit yield response, sensitivity, and adaptability of okra genotypes in four environment trials. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used in each environment, with ten okra genotypes as the treatment. The AMMI-1, AMMI-2 and GGE biplot was used to illustrate genotype stability and their adaptability. Genotype by environment interaction significantly affected fruit yield, with the environment having a large contribution, with SWR01 being the highest yield. The rate of rainfall and PC1 were explained as 36.98% and 70.17% to the GEI sum of squares, respectively. ‘ZAHIRA’ and ‘GSO03’ showed sensitivities to the rate of rainfall. Genotypes ‘SWR01’ and ‘GSO03’ were the most favorable genotype according to ASV and yield performance across environments The AMMI-1, AMMI-2 and GGE biplot confirmed that both were the most suitable genotype for developing a recent variety of okra in a wide environment.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134932644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ODANG CARMAN, AKHMAD TAUFIQ MUKTI, MUHAMMAD ZAIRIN JR., ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN
Abstract. Carman O, Mukti AT, Zairin JR M, Alimuddin. 2023. Reproductive performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages. Biodiversitas 24: 4235-4242. Triploidization has been known as a chromosome set manipulation strategy to produce sterile fish. This study aimed to examine the reproductive and sterility performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages. The triploidization process using heat shock of 41°C for four minutes at four Minutes After Fertilization (MAF) of the zygote old made the population of triploid tilapia. Two steps of fish rearing were conducted, namely indoor fish rearing and outdoor fish grow-out. Fish were reared in a controlled laboratory (indoor) at the Reproduction and Genetics Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University for four months, and then fish grow-out was performed in a controlled pond for two months. Reproductive performances such as Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), gonadal development, and sterility of triploid and diploid for both male and female tilapias were analyzed. These results showed that triploid tilapia generally indicated late gonadal development and growth compared to diploids before and during maturation. Triploid female tilapia showed a lower HSI than diploid female tilapia (P<0.05). Otherwise, triploid and diploid males showed the same HSI. GSI of triploid males and females were lower than diploid males and females (P<0.05) at every age, namely three-, four-, five- and six-month-old fish. Based on the size and histology of the gonad, triploid male and female tilapias showed sterile characteristics with gametogenesis inhibition.
{"title":"Reproductive performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages","authors":"ODANG CARMAN, AKHMAD TAUFIQ MUKTI, MUHAMMAD ZAIRIN JR., ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240804","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Carman O, Mukti AT, Zairin JR M, Alimuddin. 2023. Reproductive performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages. Biodiversitas 24: 4235-4242. Triploidization has been known as a chromosome set manipulation strategy to produce sterile fish. This study aimed to examine the reproductive and sterility performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages. The triploidization process using heat shock of 41°C for four minutes at four Minutes After Fertilization (MAF) of the zygote old made the population of triploid tilapia. Two steps of fish rearing were conducted, namely indoor fish rearing and outdoor fish grow-out. Fish were reared in a controlled laboratory (indoor) at the Reproduction and Genetics Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University for four months, and then fish grow-out was performed in a controlled pond for two months. Reproductive performances such as Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), gonadal development, and sterility of triploid and diploid for both male and female tilapias were analyzed. These results showed that triploid tilapia generally indicated late gonadal development and growth compared to diploids before and during maturation. Triploid female tilapia showed a lower HSI than diploid female tilapia (P<0.05). Otherwise, triploid and diploid males showed the same HSI. GSI of triploid males and females were lower than diploid males and females (P<0.05) at every age, namely three-, four-, five- and six-month-old fish. Based on the size and histology of the gonad, triploid male and female tilapias showed sterile characteristics with gametogenesis inhibition.","PeriodicalId":8894,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134932802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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