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Dental implants, made from inert materials, integrate into bone to replace missing teeth. Recent years have seen scrutiny in modifying the traditional approach with early and immediate loading of implants in various clinical contexts. This study emphasizes in evaluating the parallelism between immediately and conventionally loaded dental implants following implant placement using peri- implant bone loss in anterior region. A randomized control trial was done on 30 patients having missing anterior teeth. Patient in group A were treated with immediate loading protocol and patient in group B were treated with conventional loading protocol. Patients were assessed postoperatively at 6 and 12 months for peri-implant bone level changes, plaque score, gingival score, calculus score, and papilla preservation score. Intergroup comparisons of marginal bone loss on the mesial side between group A and B at 6 months 0.17 and 0.21 and 12 months 0.30 and 0.34 were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Similarly, marginal bone loss on the distal side at 6-months is 0.20 and 0.32 and 12-months are 0.44 and 0.34 showed no statistical significance (p > 0.05). Intergroup comparisons of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), calculus index (CI), and papilla preservation index (PPI) also indicated no significant differences across different time intervals. Therefore, data concludes that both immediate loading and conventional loading showed no significant difference proving immediate loading protocol is as effective as conventional loading and thus it can be effectively applied in case where patients' aesthetics are a main concern.

The clinical and radiographic outcomes of direct pulp capping using visible light cure calcium hydroxide, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Platelet-Rich Fibrin, with and without pre-treatment with a low-level diode laser is of interest to dentist. One hundred and twenty patients (18-48 years) with accidental minimal pulp exposures less than 1 mm2 were randomized into two primary groups: laser pre-treatment and no laser pre-treatment, each further divided into three sub-groups based on the capping material. Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted at 7^th day, 1^st, 6^th and 12^th months. The combination of low-level diode laser and mineral trioxide aggregate with platelet-rich fibrin demonstrated superior clinical outcomes compared to other groups. Radiographic analysis showed significant differences in dentin bridge thickness among groups. While all tested materials exhibited promising results, further research is necessary to optimize treatment protocols and ensure long-term clinical success with a specific focus on dentin bridge formation and the potential influence of laser pre-treatment.

The proximal femur is an important area of interest as it is involved in the articulation of the hip joint and it contributes to the mechanics of locomotion and the weight bearing capacity of the femur. Pathologies like osteoporosis and fractures are common in this site, and surgical interventions like hip arthroplasty and internal fixtures with implants rely on knowledge about the anatomy of the proximal femur to ensure effective treatment. Hence, a greater understanding of these variations will be helpful in constructing better fitted prosthesis. In this study, six morphometric parameters of the proximal femur were studied and measured in 100 dry adult femur bones - head diameter, transverse diameter of fovea, longitudinal diameter of fovea, diameter of neck, intertrochanteric line length, neck shaft angle and correlations were noted. The data obtained is specific for the southern Indian population and hopes to aid in production of better fitted hip prostheses for patients.

Orthodontic clear aligners are utilised in order to correct mal-positioned teeth. The comparative effectiveness of transparent aligners and fixed appliance therapy using finite analysis has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the superiority of clear aligners over fixed orthodontic therapy in anterior tooth retraction using finite element analysis (FEA). A maxillary dentition lacking 1stpremolars and with periodontal ligaments was represented by 3D digital models. A transparent aligner, brackets and archwire were produced in a 3D printed lingual retractor. Five distinct models of clear aligners for maxillary anterior internal retraction were designed and created as part of the study: Model M0-Control, Model M1-Posterior Micro-implant, Model M2-Anterior Micro-implant, Model M3-Palatal Plate, Model M4-Enhanced structure and Model A0- Fixed Appliance. The study result has shown that the crown-root of the central incisor's sagittal displacement varied least in the improved clear aligner Model M 3. Nonetheless, noticeable differences in the patterns of tooth movement were noted between the fixed appliance model and the clear aligner models. The teeth's movement pattern stayed the same in the clear aligner models. Compared to transparent aligner types, the fixed appliance shown greater anterior torque control and improved safety for the posterior anchorage teeth. It has been demonstrated that clear aligners are non-invasive, aesthetically acceptable and effective treatment modality.

Eliminating residual calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] intracanal medicament from the walls of a root canal presents a persistent obstacle that can impede the establishment of a proper fluid-tight seal during obturation. The effective removal of these medicaments from the canal walls has consistently posed a significant challenge. Consequently, several systems have been developed and assessed in order to address this issue. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the efficacy of Finisher Gentlefile Brush, XP-endo Finisher and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI) on the removal of an oil-based Ca(OH)₂ paste. 60 human mandibular extracted premolars were selected and underwent preparation with Pro Taper Gold rotary file system till size F5. The canals were dried and filled with Metapex and stored for a week. Further, the specimens were divided into 3 groups depending upon the Metapex removal protocols, namely, Finisher Gentlefile Brush, XP-endo Finisher, and PUI. Afterward, the specimens were sectioned buccolingually. Evaluation of remnants was done with a scoring system under a dental microscope at 25x magnification. The data was analyzed using the Chi-square test (p<.05). With the exception of PUI, all the methods demonstrated significantly better performance, with Finisher Gentlefile Brush being the most effective across all canal thirds (p<.05). While none of the methods achieved complete cleanliness, Finisher Gentlefile Brush exhibited exceptional results compared to the other two systems employed.

Three-dimensional obturation and careful chemo-mechanical preparation of the root canal system are essential for successful endodontic therapy. The marginal adaption and bond strength of root canal sealers to dentin are critical for the effectiveness of various endodontic operations. Hence, bond strength of Thermo-plasticized Gutta-Percha/ AH Plus sealer and ActiV GP root canal obturation system was compared following EDTA, MTAD, CHX, and Distilled Water used as a final irrigation rinse. The sample consisted of forty extracted teeth which were divided into four groups based on the final irrigation rinse (i.e.,) Group A 3% NaOCl followed by saline and 17% EDTA irrigation as a final rinse, Group B - 3% NaOCl solution followed by saline and MTAD irrigation as a final rinse, Group C - 3% NaOCl solution followed by saline and 2% CHX irrigation as a final rinse, Group D - 3% NaOCl solution followed by saline and distilled water irrigation as a final rinse. Each group was further subdivided based on the obturation system as; thermo-plasticized Gutta-Percha and AH Plus sealer (subgroup 1) and ActiV GP obturation system (subgroup 2). Middle and coronal thirds of every root was cut horizontally with two milli-metres thickness. After that, each slice was examined under a stereomicroscope to measure the diameter of each obturation site and snap photos of each slice's was taken at two sides using a digital camera. Later, an Instron Universal Testing Machine was used to analyze the bond strength of each specimen. CHX- Thermo-plasticized Gutta-Percha /AH Plus (3.654 + 0.056MPa) yielded the maximum average bond strength value. The minimal mean bond strength was noted for distilled water/ActiVGP (1.313 + 0.014 MPa). The other subgroups yielded intermediate bond strength values. Statistically considerable variation was found between subgroup A1 EDTA- Thermo-plasticized Gutta-Percha /AH Plus and subgroup B1 MTAD- Thermo-plasticized Gutta-Percha/AH Plus respectively. It can be found that use of 2% CHX as a final rinse considerably increases the bond strength of both Thermo-plasticized Gutta-Percha/AH Plus and ActiV GP obturation systems.

This study was conducted to carry out retrospective analyses of oral peri-implant malignancy (OPIM) focussing on demographic details, risk factors, habit factors, clinicopathological features and implant features in patient with OPIM. Clinical data and demographic data from 1646 individuals with oral cancer undergoing resection procedures were gathered. Clinical, radiological, histopathological assessments and implant characteristics records of these patients were obtained and assessed. 46 (2.79%) cases were found to diagnose with OPIM. 36 (85.76%) cases of OPIM were found to having implant occlusion with opposing prosthesis. Prosthesis/prosthesis occlusion was observed in 18 (50%) cases, prosthesis/inlay occlusion in 4 (11.12%) cases and prosthesis/prosthesis on implants in 14 (38.88%) cases. The surgical placement of implants and the galvanic currents that flow between prostheses can operate as an irritating or inflammatory cofactor that aids in the development of malignancies.

The present systematic review evaluates the shear bond strength of artificial teeth bonded to CAD/CAM PMMA and heat-cure acrylic resins used in complete denture manufacturing. The study aims to determine the superior bonding material, contributing to enhanced denture durability and patient satisfaction. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, DOAJ, Cochrane Library and Scopus was conducted, adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies were assessed for inclusion based on specific criteria, and the data were analyzed using Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3. The findings suggest that while both materials provide adequate bond strength, differences exist that may influence material choice in clinical practice.

Periodontitis being an immuno-inflammatory disease can act as an aggravating factor for various systemic diseases. Therefore, it is of interest to document the prevalence of comorbidities among periodontitis and non-periodontitis Indian patients. 680 patients were enrolled, categorized into non-periodontitis group (Group A) and periodontitis group (Group B). Each group was again sub-grouped into comorbidities and non-co-morbidities. Periodontitis patients were found to have significantly more co-morbidities than non-periodontitis patients. Osteoporosis and obesity showed statistically higher levels in periodontitis patients. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and COVID-19 infection showed higher prevalence in periodontitis group, though the difference was statistically non-significant.

Anatomy is a vital discipline in the realm of Medicine, and its primary means of study is through the use of cadavers. Experts in the medical, legal, and ethical domains have discussed the use of cadavers or their anatomical parts for educational purposes, which are considered a severe drawback. The advantages of using cadavers include their contribution to medical education, research, the investigation of innovative surgical procedures or techniques, the detection of anatomical differences at an individual or population level, the enhancement of surgical skills, and the support of other anatomical investigations. This review highlights the issues like consent, respect for the deceased and cultural beliefs on cadaver procurement practices and also it emphasizes the need for better body donation initiatives and public awareness campaigns to ensure sustainable cadaver procurement practices, ensuring consent, respect for the deceased and cultural beliefs.