Bioinformation最新文献

Gastric ulcer is a major gastrointestinal disorder with high global prevalence. Madhulai Manappagu, a Siddha herbal syrup preparation, is traditionally prescribed for gastric ailments, is of interest to evaluate the gastroprotective and hematological effects of Madhulai Manappagu in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar albino rats. Hematological parameters including hemoglobin, red blood cells, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, platelet count and serum iron were determined using standard protocols and for anti-ulcer evaluation, Madhulai Manappagu was given orally at 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Treatment with Madhulai Manappagu significantly (p < 0.00001) and dose-dependently improved hematological indices and serum iron levels in ulcerated rats compared to positive control. Madhulai Manappagu demonstrates significant gastroprotective and hematological benefits in indomethacin-induced ulcerated rats hence show its potential as a safe plant-based therapeutic option for gastric ulcer, particularly in bleeding-associated conditions.

Urban noise pollution is an emerging public health concern linked to sleep disturbances and neurological dysfunction. This cross- sectional study evaluated the association between environmental noise exposure and the prevalence of sleep and neurological symptoms among 125 urban residents aged 20-55. Noise levels, sleep quality and neurological complaints were assessed using sound meters, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and clinical interviews. Higher noise exposure correlated with poorer sleep quality and increased reports of headaches, dizziness and irritability. Individuals exposed to noise levels above 65 dB consistently exhibited greater symptom burden, high lighting the neurophysiological impact of chronic urban noise.

Minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN) has become a preferred method over open partial nephrectomy (OPN) for treating localized renal tumors. This multi-center retrospective study examines the long-term oncological and renal functional outcomes of MIPN compared to OPN. Data from five tertiary centres were reviewed over a decade. Data indicates that while oncological control is similar for both methods, MIPN provides superior renal preservation and fewer complications. Thus, we show MIPN as a safe and effective long-term alternative to OPN.

Edentulous patients wearing complete dentures often face poor denture hygiene and mucosal inflammation. Incorporating antimicrobial agents such as chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) into dentures may improve the oral environment. In this study, salivary pH, uric acid and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between conventional dentures and CNP-incorporated dentures in edentulous patients. After one month of use, CNP dentures significantly increased salivary pH and uric acid while showing a non-significant decrease in CRP. Thus, we show that CNP incorporation enhances oral health by improving salivary parameters and reducing inflammatory responses.

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy linked to endothelial dysfunction and electrolyte imbalance. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate serum calcium and magnesium levels in 100 preeclamptic and 100 normotensive pregnant women beyond 28 weeks gestation at a tertiary hospital in Central India. Spectrophotometric analysis showed significantly lower calcium (7.84 ±0.74 mg/dL vs. 9.68 ±0.97 mg/dL; p<0.001) and magnesium levels (1.74 ±0.54 mg/dL vs. 1.88 ±0.76 mg/dL; p=0.040) in preeclamptic women. Adverse outcomes such as preterm birth, cesarean delivery, and NICU admissions were more frequent in the preeclampsia group. These findings suggest the utility of calcium and magnesium screening in antenatal care for early risk stratification and potential prevention of complications.

Accurate implant positioning is critical for the long-term success of dental rehabilitation, yet variations among computer-guided surgery software systems can affect precision. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the accuracy of two implant planning software systems, Exocad and Blueskybio, in guided implant placement. A total of 104 implants were placed in 52 patients using fully guided templates, and postoperative CBCTs were analyzed for angular, depth, and horizontal deviations from preoperative plans. Software System A demonstrated significantly lower angular and linear deviations than Software System B, indicating superior positional accuracy. Thus, we show the importance of selecting precise planning software to ensure optimal implant placement and improved clinical outcomes.

Photobiomodulation (PBM), formerly known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), utilizes red and near-infrared light to activate mitochondrial chromophores, thereby enhancing cellular activity, modulating inflammation and promoting tissue repair. Therefore, it is of interest to the mechanistic pathways of PBM, including mitochondrial stimulation, cytokine regulation and growth factor induction. Clinical evidence supports its efficacy in managing oral mucositis, temporomandibular disorders, periodontitis, postoperative endodontic pain, implant stability and orthodontic treatment outcomes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been linked to higher cardiovascular morbidity and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). The potential influence of the severity of cardiac dysfunction T2DM patients may depend on diabetes control measures and HbA1c concentration levels. Therefore, it is of interest to determine the relationship between HbA1c and LVDD in patients with type 2 DM by measurement echocardiographic parameters, along diastolic dysfunction and poor glycemic control as indications of the presence of an association. Early cardiac screening interventions may lead to lower long-term cardiovascular morbidity in population studies of poorly controlled diabetic patients.

The supporting bone structure must be maintained for dental implants to last a long time. Therefore, it is of interest to identify whether post-operative low-level laser therapy (LLLT) of the implant site had any effect on pain alleviation and crestal bone loss surrounding dental implants. Ten individuals in this research who had bilateral tooth loss in the mandibular posterior area received twenty implants, along with LLLT on the test side. Level of crestal bone was assessed radiographically at three and six months and visual analogue scale (VAS) scoring was used to characterise post-operative pain from the start to 6 days. LLLT surrounding the dental implants appreciably decreased post-operative discomfort and loss of crestal bone.

It is essential to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in an early and precise manner. However, there are challenges given that the usual TRUS-guided biopsy may leave tumors undiagnosed, or only detect indolent disease. In this prospective cohort study of 200 patients, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with TRUS-guided biopsy. The study found better sensitivity (91% vs 68%) and specificity (76% vs 60%) than TRUS biopsy, and identified 22% more clinically significant cancers than TRUS biopsies. In addition, mpMRI showed better positive predictive value and negative predictive value than TRUS-guided biopsy; this suggests general advantage in diagnostic accuracy and performance for mpMRI. Data shows, there is support for mpMRI having improved efficacy as a method of detecting clinically significant prostate cancer early compared to TRUS-guided biopsy.