Pub Date : 2014-01-06DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.2
E. Baldev, D. MubarakAli, M. Dhivya, M. Kanimozhi, Thajuddin Shakena-Fathima, N. S. Alharbi, C. Arunachalam, S. Alharbi, N. Thajuddin
The structural features of microalgal cell make it too difficult to extract the total lipid content of the cell as such. Thus, the cell disruption before lipid extraction becomes mandatory and has to be cost-effective. In the present study various methods and combination of few methods were adopted for effective extraction in order to choose the most effective cell disruption method for the complete extraction of lipids from a selected indigenous freshwater isolate, Scenedesmus sp. NTEB03. Interestingly, we found that grinding and bead-beating method showed two fold increased lipid productivity (23.2%) than the other methods tested. Biomass and lipid productivity of Scenedesmus sp., was found to be 0.0418 g L -1 d -1 and 4.3 mg L -1 d -1 respectively. Fatty acid profiles revealed that oleic (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) content being higher in the lipids, which are most appropriate for the biodiesel production. A novel strategy for most effective, simple method for cell disruption in Scenedesmus sp., was grinding/bead-beating, which is the most suitable method for complete extraction of biofuel grade lipids.
微藻细胞的结构特点使其总脂质含量的提取过于困难。因此，在脂质提取之前的细胞破坏成为强制性的，并且必须具有成本效益。本研究采用多种方法或几种方法的组合进行有效的提取，以选择最有效的细胞破坏方法来完全提取本地淡水分离物Scenedesmus sp. NTEB03的脂质。有趣的是，我们发现研磨和打珠方法比其他测试方法的脂质生产率提高了两倍(23.2%)。结果表明，油葵的生物量为0.0418 g L -1 d -1，脂质产量为4.3 mg L -1 d -1。脂肪酸谱显示油酸(C18:1)和亚油酸(C18:2)含量较高，最适合生产生物柴油。一种新的最有效、最简单的方法是粉碎/打珠，这是最适合完全提取生物燃料级脂质的方法。
{"title":"Facile and novel strategy for methods of extraction of biofuel grade lipids from microalgae - an experimental report.","authors":"E. Baldev, D. MubarakAli, M. Dhivya, M. Kanimozhi, Thajuddin Shakena-Fathima, N. S. Alharbi, C. Arunachalam, S. Alharbi, N. Thajuddin","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.2","url":null,"abstract":"The structural features of microalgal cell make it too difficult to extract the total lipid content of the cell as such. Thus, the cell disruption before lipid extraction becomes mandatory and has to be cost-effective. In the present study various methods and combination of few methods were adopted for effective extraction in order to choose the most effective cell disruption method for the complete extraction of lipids from a selected indigenous freshwater isolate, Scenedesmus sp. NTEB03. Interestingly, we found that grinding and bead-beating method showed two fold increased lipid productivity (23.2%) than the other methods tested. Biomass and lipid productivity of Scenedesmus sp., was found to be 0.0418 g L -1 d -1 and 4.3 mg L -1 d -1 respectively. Fatty acid profiles revealed that oleic (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) content being higher in the lipids, which are most appropriate for the biodiesel production. A novel strategy for most effective, simple method for cell disruption in Scenedesmus sp., was grinding/bead-beating, which is the most suitable method for complete extraction of biofuel grade lipids.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"121-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-31DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.5
Miklós Somai
The extraordinary events of the last couple of years – like the surge and the topsy-turvy movement in oil, raw material and food prices, or the development of a so far unprecedented global financial and economic crisis – have been heavily testing the endurance of those earning their living from agriculture and related activities. All these troubles have not been beneficial to the ongoing trade liberalization process within the framework of WTO. Answers to the challenges at national level and the continuing proliferation of inter- and intraregional free trade agreements make the early global liberalization even less probable. The situation is further complicated by those really divergent changes of agricultural policy that are about to develop on the opposite sides of the Atlantic. In this paper, we describe the recent development of world’s agricultural production and trade; offer an insight into the evaluation problems of worldwide food insecurity; and briefly compare the upcoming agricultural policy reforms in Europe and the US.
{"title":"World's agricultural production and trade - food security at stake?","authors":"Miklós Somai","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.5","url":null,"abstract":"The extraordinary events of the last couple of years – like the surge and the topsy-turvy movement in oil, raw material and food prices, or the development of a so far unprecedented global financial and economic crisis – have been heavily testing the endurance of those earning their living from agriculture and related activities. All these troubles have not been beneficial to the ongoing trade liberalization process within the framework of WTO. Answers to the challenges at national level and the continuing proliferation of inter- and intraregional free trade agreements make the early global liberalization even less probable. The situation is further complicated by those really divergent changes of agricultural policy that are about to develop on the opposite sides of the Atlantic. In this paper, we describe the recent development of world’s agricultural production and trade; offer an insight into the evaluation problems of worldwide food insecurity; and briefly compare the upcoming agricultural policy reforms in Europe and the US.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"182-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-31DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.1
Qing-Song Xue
The current study was focused on the extraction of essential oil from Houttuyniacordata thunb (HCT) by using different solvents (ethyl acetate, ethanol, and n- hexane) using cryogenic grinding techniques (CGT). The influence of the storage time of the HCT extract on the volatile components was investigated. This paper also discussed and interpreted the mass spectral fragmentation patterns for the three new compounds (undenoyl acetaldehyde, dodenoyl acetaldehyde, and decyl-imine acetaldehyde). The results showed that the extractability of essential oil obtained by CGT using ethyl acetate as an extractant was as high as 1.14% and the content of decanoyl acetaldehyde in the essential oil was as much as 55.96%, much higher than the previously reported values. It was suggested that the oxidation and decomposition of those unstable components were effectively reduced when the essential oil was extracted by CGT. The content of decanoyl acetaldehyde in the HCT extractant remained constantly when using ethyl acetate as a solvent in the process of storage, while using ethanol as a solvent, the content of decanoyl acetaldehyde decreased rapidly as the storage time increased. The author proposed that the ethanol reacted with decanoyl acetic acid and formed decanoyl acetic ether, which accelerated the decomposition of the decanoyl acetaldehyde.
{"title":"Highly Efficient Extraction of Aromatic Compounds from Houttuyniacordata thumb by Cryogenic Grinding Techniques","authors":"Qing-Song Xue","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.1","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was focused on the extraction of essential oil from Houttuyniacordata thunb (HCT) by using different solvents (ethyl acetate, ethanol, and n- hexane) using cryogenic grinding techniques (CGT). The influence of the storage time of the HCT extract on the volatile components was investigated. This paper also discussed and interpreted the mass spectral fragmentation patterns for the three new compounds (undenoyl acetaldehyde, dodenoyl acetaldehyde, and decyl-imine acetaldehyde). The results showed that the extractability of essential oil obtained by CGT using ethyl acetate as an extractant was as high as 1.14% and the content of decanoyl acetaldehyde in the essential oil was as much as 55.96%, much higher than the previously reported values. It was suggested that the oxidation and decomposition of those unstable components were effectively reduced when the essential oil was extracted by CGT. The content of decanoyl acetaldehyde in the HCT extractant remained constantly when using ethyl acetate as a solvent in the process of storage, while using ethanol as a solvent, the content of decanoyl acetaldehyde decreased rapidly as the storage time increased. The author proposed that the ethanol reacted with decanoyl acetic acid and formed decanoyl acetic ether, which accelerated the decomposition of the decanoyl acetaldehyde.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71249136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-31DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.4
M. Alsaid, I. Al-Mofleh, Mohammad Raish, Mohammed Al-Sobaihani, M. Al-yahya, S. Rafatullah
This paper evaluated anti-gastric ulcer and anti-secretory effects of a popular spice Piper cubeba L, (Family: Piperaceae) in rats. The gastric ulcer protective potential of an aqueous suspension of Piper cubeba (PCS) was evaluated against different acute gastric ulcer models in rats induced by pyloric ligation (Shay), hypothermic restraint stress, indomethacin and by necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 M NaOH and 25% NaCl) induced gastric mucosal injury. Piper cubeba aqueous suspension (PCS) at the doses 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight administered orally (intraperitoneally in Shay rat model) showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effects in all the above models. Besides, the PCS offered protection against ethanol-induced depletion of gastric wall mucus (GWM); replenished the reduced non-protein sulfhydryls (NP‑SH) concentration and significantly replenished malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the gastric tissue. Ethanol induced histopathological lesions of the stomach wall characterized by mucosal hemorrhages and edema was reversed by Piper cubeba aqueous suspension treatment. Pretreatment of rats with Piper cubeba provided significant protection of gastric mucosa through its antioxidant capacity and/or by attenuating the offensive and by enhancing the defensive factor.
研究了常用香料胡椒科(胡椒科)对大鼠的抗胃溃疡和抗分泌作用。研究了胡椒水悬浮液(PCS)对幽门结扎(Shay)、低温约束应激、吲哚美辛和坏死性药物(80%乙醇、0.2 M NaOH和25% NaCl)诱导的大鼠急性胃溃疡模型的保护作用。以250和500 mg/kg体重给药(Shay大鼠模型腹腔注射)的胡椒水悬液(PCS)在上述模型中均显示出剂量依赖性的溃疡保护作用。此外，PCS对乙醇诱导的胃壁粘液耗竭(GWM)有保护作用;补充了减少的非蛋白巯基(NP - SH)浓度，并显著补充了胃组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量。经胡椒水悬浮液处理后，以黏膜出血和水肿为特征的乙醇诱导的胃壁组织病理学病变得到逆转。胡椒预处理对大鼠胃粘膜具有显著的保护作用，其机制可能是其抗氧化能力和/或通过减弱攻击和增强防御因子。
{"title":"Antiulcerogenic, Anti-Secretory and Cytoprotective Effects of Piper Cubeba (L.) on Experimental Ulcer Models in Rat","authors":"M. Alsaid, I. Al-Mofleh, Mohammad Raish, Mohammed Al-Sobaihani, M. Al-yahya, S. Rafatullah","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluated anti-gastric ulcer and anti-secretory effects of a popular spice Piper cubeba L, (Family: Piperaceae) in rats. The gastric ulcer protective potential of an aqueous suspension of Piper cubeba (PCS) was evaluated against different acute gastric ulcer models in rats induced by pyloric ligation (Shay), hypothermic restraint stress, indomethacin and by necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 M NaOH and 25% NaCl) induced gastric mucosal injury. Piper cubeba aqueous suspension (PCS) at the doses 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight administered orally (intraperitoneally in Shay rat model) showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effects in all the above models. Besides, the PCS offered protection against ethanol-induced depletion of gastric wall mucus (GWM); replenished the reduced non-protein sulfhydryls (NP‑SH) concentration and significantly replenished malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the gastric tissue. Ethanol induced histopathological lesions of the stomach wall characterized by mucosal hemorrhages and edema was reversed by Piper cubeba aqueous suspension treatment. Pretreatment of rats with Piper cubeba provided significant protection of gastric mucosa through its antioxidant capacity and/or by attenuating the offensive and by enhancing the defensive factor.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"173-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-31DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.3
H. Rasheed, N. M. Amin, F. Majid
Acanthamoeba Keratitis is an important corneal infection that caused impaired vision. The Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) researcher found new species of Acanthamoeba that was being isolated from eye infection in Hospital Kuala Lumpur, which have the characteristic between Acanthamoeba polyphaga and A. castellanii named as HKL-Acantha. This study was aimed to generate specific monoclonal antibody against HKL-Acantha that eventually could be used in diagnosing eye infection among Malaysian. Two Balb/c mice were immunized with sonicated HKL-Acantha through intraperitoneal injection, and anti HKL-acantha IgG, IgM, IgA were measured using ELISA test. Sera from infected mice showed detectable anti-HKL-acantha IgM. The spleen from animal with high antibody titer around (1:81000) was used as a partner in fusion with SP2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells to produce new hybridoma cells, which were then selected and cloned using the selection medium. Two positive hybridoma clones secreting IgM antibodies were obtained and named as hybridoma UTM-Ha1 and UTM-Ha2. Both clones were secreting monoclonal IgM antibody specific to HKL-Acantha. This study suggests the potential of both hybridomas UTM-Ha1 and UTM-Ha2 to generate specific monoclonal IgM against HKL-acantha. This newly generated monoclonal IgM could be used to diagnose the presence of HKL- acantha in patients with eye infection in future.
{"title":"Generation of New Hybridoma UTM-Ha Secreting Monoclonal Antibody Specific to Acanthamoeba species Isolated from Corneal Infection","authors":"H. Rasheed, N. M. Amin, F. Majid","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.3","url":null,"abstract":"Acanthamoeba Keratitis is an important corneal infection that caused impaired vision. The Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) researcher found new species of Acanthamoeba that was being isolated from eye infection in Hospital Kuala Lumpur, which have the characteristic between Acanthamoeba polyphaga and A. castellanii named as HKL-Acantha. This study was aimed to generate specific monoclonal antibody against HKL-Acantha that eventually could be used in diagnosing eye infection among Malaysian. Two Balb/c mice were immunized with sonicated HKL-Acantha through intraperitoneal injection, and anti HKL-acantha IgG, IgM, IgA were measured using ELISA test. Sera from infected mice showed detectable anti-HKL-acantha IgM. The spleen from animal with high antibody titer around (1:81000) was used as a partner in fusion with SP2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells to produce new hybridoma cells, which were then selected and cloned using the selection medium. Two positive hybridoma clones secreting IgM antibodies were obtained and named as hybridoma UTM-Ha1 and UTM-Ha2. Both clones were secreting monoclonal IgM antibody specific to HKL-Acantha. This study suggests the potential of both hybridomas UTM-Ha1 and UTM-Ha2 to generate specific monoclonal IgM against HKL-acantha. This newly generated monoclonal IgM could be used to diagnose the presence of HKL- acantha in patients with eye infection in future.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"164-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-31DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.2
E. A. Elsayed, M. Wadaan
Hydrocyclones have been traditionally applied for long times in many industrial fields, such as in mineral processing and mining, chemical and petrochemical, and food industries. They have many characteristics that favor them as separation system in solid/liquid, gas/liquid and liquid/liquid processes. During the last two decades, they have been evaluated for their possible application in the separation of microbial and mammalian cells. Nowadays, mammalian cells are widely used for the production of a large number of valuable therapeutic proteins, antibodies, hormones and vaccines. This review highlights the potential of the application of hydrocyclones for mammalian cell separation in continuous perfusion biorecators. The discussion will cover the structure of hydrocyclone, mechanism of separation inside hydrocyclones, different theories describing the separation process, as well as the effect of changing different geometrical variables on the efficiency and performance of the separation process. Furthermore, we will focus on the latest developments achieved in the field of separation of living cells in both laboratory and pilot plant cultivation scales.
{"title":"The Potential of Hydrocyclone Application for Mammalian Cell Separation in Perfusion Cultivation Bioreactors","authors":"E. A. Elsayed, M. Wadaan","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.04.2","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocyclones have been traditionally applied for long times in many industrial fields, such as in mineral processing and mining, chemical and petrochemical, and food industries. They have many characteristics that favor them as separation system in solid/liquid, gas/liquid and liquid/liquid processes. During the last two decades, they have been evaluated for their possible application in the separation of microbial and mammalian cells. Nowadays, mammalian cells are widely used for the production of a large number of valuable therapeutic proteins, antibodies, hormones and vaccines. This review highlights the potential of the application of hydrocyclones for mammalian cell separation in continuous perfusion biorecators. The discussion will cover the structure of hydrocyclone, mechanism of separation inside hydrocyclones, different theories describing the separation process, as well as the effect of changing different geometrical variables on the efficiency and performance of the separation process. Furthermore, we will focus on the latest developments achieved in the field of separation of living cells in both laboratory and pilot plant cultivation scales.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"153-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71249156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-30DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.4
S. Yap
Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in Malaysia and up to 80% of its patients seek complementary therapies. Globally, up to 95% of cancer patient use adjunct therapies to reduce chemotherapy-induced side-effects. Morgan et al . (2004) had showed that conventional treatment for colon cancer produced minimal results. The vast majority of cancer survivors admitted to using dietary supplements and herbs after their cancer diagnosis. Current treatment seems to pay more attention to cancer as a disease rather than meeting the physiological needs of the patient. Nutritional therapy should be individually tailored since dietary deficiency is multifactorial and the tumor burden for each patient is different. Cancer is a metabolic disorder and colon cancer is strongly associated with advancing age, dietary and lifestyle habits. Up to 90% of all cancers might be prevented with proper nutrition since one-third of overall cancer deaths are linked to malnutrition. This case study shows how a late stage colon adenocarcinoma might be completely reversed by evidence-based phyto-nutritional therapy combined with some lifestyle modifications. The cancer apoptotic properties of this natural protocol warrant further investigation involving a higher number of patients with similar conditions
{"title":"Colon Cancer Reversed by Phyto-Nutritional Therapy: A Case Study","authors":"S. Yap","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.4","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in Malaysia and up to 80% of its patients seek complementary therapies. Globally, up to 95% of cancer patient use adjunct therapies to reduce chemotherapy-induced side-effects. Morgan et al . (2004) had showed that conventional treatment for colon cancer produced minimal results. The vast majority of cancer survivors admitted to using dietary supplements and herbs after their cancer diagnosis. Current treatment seems to pay more attention to cancer as a disease rather than meeting the physiological needs of the patient. Nutritional therapy should be individually tailored since dietary deficiency is multifactorial and the tumor burden for each patient is different. Cancer is a metabolic disorder and colon cancer is strongly associated with advancing age, dietary and lifestyle habits. Up to 90% of all cancers might be prevented with proper nutrition since one-third of overall cancer deaths are linked to malnutrition. This case study shows how a late stage colon adenocarcinoma might be completely reversed by evidence-based phyto-nutritional therapy combined with some lifestyle modifications. The cancer apoptotic properties of this natural protocol warrant further investigation involving a higher number of patients with similar conditions","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"132-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-30DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.1
E. Nagayoshi, Y. Mizuta, Y. Takii
A clinical method for effective genetic screening of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene was developed, using the fingernail as a source of DNA material. A highly effective protease that could solubilize fingernail keratin and inactivate any DNase co-existing in the tissue was obtained by cloning and sequencing the gene for alkaline protease from Bacillus alcalophilus , followed by expression of the gene in Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid sequence of MIB029 protease contained common regions found in four other subtilisin-like proteases. In the fingernails of 113 female university students (average age 20.8 ± 0.7 years; body mass index, 20.4 ±1.6), ALDH2 frequency was 0.66 for the typical Glu homozygote, 0.32 for the heterozygote (Glu487Lys), and 0.020 for the atypical Lys homozygote. Through a questionnaire, it was found that the subjects had not previously received information regarding the relationship between their genetic background and consumption of alcoholic beverages. We found that the genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) background to alcoholism can be easily detected by collecting fingernails, which is convenient for subjects or patients.
{"title":"Development of a High-Throughput Diagnosis Method for Detecting the ALDH2 Gene Using Fingernail DNA","authors":"E. Nagayoshi, Y. Mizuta, Y. Takii","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.1","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical method for effective genetic screening of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene was developed, using the fingernail as a source of DNA material. A highly effective protease that could solubilize fingernail keratin and inactivate any DNase co-existing in the tissue was obtained by cloning and sequencing the gene for alkaline protease from Bacillus alcalophilus , followed by expression of the gene in Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid sequence of MIB029 protease contained common regions found in four other subtilisin-like proteases. In the fingernails of 113 female university students (average age 20.8 ± 0.7 years; body mass index, 20.4 ±1.6), ALDH2 frequency was 0.66 for the typical Glu homozygote, 0.32 for the heterozygote (Glu487Lys), and 0.020 for the atypical Lys homozygote. Through a questionnaire, it was found that the subjects had not previously received information regarding the relationship between their genetic background and consumption of alcoholic beverages. We found that the genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) background to alcoholism can be easily detected by collecting fingernails, which is convenient for subjects or patients.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"91-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-30DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.3
S. Rendon, G. Roldan, R. Voroney
This experiment examined the growth response of Chlorella vulgaris exposed to CO 2 concentrations increasing from ambient to 8.5% and under white, blue, red and red-blue lights after 15 days incubation. Biomass production increased with increasing CO 2 concentrations under all light sources. The highest biomass production, 1.59 g L -1 , was obtained when the algae were supplied with 8.5% CO 2 and exposed to white light. Biomass production under blue, red and red+blue light was 1.53 g L -1 , 0.45 g L -1 and 1.27 g L -1 , respectively. The research suggests that C. vulgaris is not able to adapt production of its photosynthetic pigments to absorb light sources different that it is normally has evolved to.
本试验研究了普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)在co2浓度从环境浓度增加到8.5%、白色、蓝色、红色和红蓝色灯光下培养15 d后的生长响应。在所有光源下，生物量产量随co2浓度的增加而增加。当co2浓度为8.5%，并在白光下照射时，藻类的生物量最高，为1.59 g L -1。蓝光、红光和红+蓝光下的生物量产量分别为1.53 g L -1、0.45 g L -1和1.27 g L -1。这一研究表明，C. vulgaris不能适应其光合色素的生产，以吸收不同于正常进化的光源。
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Pub Date : 2013-09-30DOI: 10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.5
D. Thakur, Jyotsna K. Mishra, K. S. Pitre, Smita Joshi
Fe(III)- Chloroquine complex has been synthesized and screened for its physicochemical, microbial as well as pharmacological activity have been done in solid and aqueous phase. On the basis of elemental analysis, polarographic studies, amperometric titration and IR spectral studies the probable formula for the complex has been determined at 25±1 O C and ionic strength of µ= 1.0[KCl]. Raper’s paper disc method was used for microbial study against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In vivo syudy of Swiss mice [25-30gm] were used for antimalarial activity against Chloroquine and its complex on xyline-Alcoholic activity test Kidney, liver and serum of these rats were also studied. On the basis of observed result it could be concluded that Fe (III)-Chloroquine complex were found to be non-toxic and more potent than pure chloroquine drug.
{"title":"Fe(III)-Chloroquine Complex: A New Potent Compound in Wellness Industries of High Antimicrobial and Antimalarial Activities","authors":"D. Thakur, Jyotsna K. Mishra, K. S. Pitre, Smita Joshi","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2013.02.03.5","url":null,"abstract":"Fe(III)- Chloroquine complex has been synthesized and screened for its physicochemical, microbial as well as pharmacological activity have been done in solid and aqueous phase. On the basis of elemental analysis, polarographic studies, amperometric titration and IR spectral studies the probable formula for the complex has been determined at 25±1 O C and ionic strength of µ= 1.0[KCl]. Raper’s paper disc method was used for microbial study against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In vivo syudy of Swiss mice [25-30gm] were used for antimalarial activity against Chloroquine and its complex on xyline-Alcoholic activity test Kidney, liver and serum of these rats were also studied. On the basis of observed result it could be concluded that Fe (III)-Chloroquine complex were found to be non-toxic and more potent than pure chloroquine drug.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"2 1","pages":"140-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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