Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.18
Elena Coyago-Cruz, Gabriela Méndez, Daniel Acurio
The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible health risks associated with the content of heavy metals and microorganisms in the consumption of watercress, lettuce, lemon balm and taraxaco. The products were purchased in several markets in the city of Quito. In this study, the products marketed in the north and center of the town showed better size characteristics, while the soluble solids, pH and ash showed no definite behavior. In addition, due to the volcanic origin of the Ecuadorian soils in which the samples under study were grown, it could influence the lead content that varied between 0.02 ppm (taraxacum, lemon balm and lettuce) up to 2.60 ppm (watercress). This value exceeded the maximum limit allowed by the CODEX, becoming a health risk. In addition, the microbial quality of the different species under study showed high contamination with mesophilic aerobic microorganisms and parasites. These results provide valuable information that could finance food safety decisions by the government to protect health and improve the quality of life of the people of Quito. Keywords: food safety, mesophilic aerobic, parasites, lead, Cadmium
{"title":"Assessment of the microbiological quality and heavy metal risk in vegetable species marketed in outdoor fairs","authors":"Elena Coyago-Cruz, Gabriela Méndez, Daniel Acurio","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.18","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible health risks associated with the content of heavy metals and microorganisms in the consumption of watercress, lettuce, lemon balm and taraxaco. The products were purchased in several markets in the city of Quito. In this study, the products marketed in the north and center of the town showed better size characteristics, while the soluble solids, pH and ash showed no definite behavior. In addition, due to the volcanic origin of the Ecuadorian soils in which the samples under study were grown, it could influence the lead content that varied between 0.02 ppm (taraxacum, lemon balm and lettuce) up to 2.60 ppm (watercress). This value exceeded the maximum limit allowed by the CODEX, becoming a health risk. In addition, the microbial quality of the different species under study showed high contamination with mesophilic aerobic microorganisms and parasites. These results provide valuable information that could finance food safety decisions by the government to protect health and improve the quality of life of the people of Quito.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: food safety, mesophilic aerobic, parasites, lead, Cadmium","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.52
Yaaroub Faleh Khalef Al Fatlawy, Faiza Kadhim, Beadaa Abdalqader Mahdii
Due to the significance of hospital drinking water, a study was done to assess the water in three hospitals in Baghdad (Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Ibn Sina Hospital, and Ibn-Al-Nafis Hospital) for its nature and quality, compare it to other hospitals in terms of its physical, chemical, and bacterial specifications, and compare it to international standards. According to Iraqi standards from 2009 and WHO standards from 2011, Chemical factors were measured, which included pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Calcium Ion (Ca+2). Reported readings are all within acceptable ranges for drinking water. In contrast, turbidity, total hardness (T.H.), chlorides (Cl-), magnesium (Mg+2), the number of aerobic plates (APC), total coliform (T.C.), fecal coliform (F.C.), and fecal streptococcus (F.S.) which maximum values were (8.7 NTU, 690 mg-1, 510 mg-1, 231.1 mg/l, 38 cfu/ml, 20 cfu /100ml, 16 cfu /100ml, and 16 cfu /100ml) respectively. These values were higher than the permissible level recommended by the Iraqi standard (2009) and WHO standard (2011) for drinking water for all months and some months. Keywords: Drinking/ Water/ Hospitals/ Baghdad.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Drinking water in some Hospitals in Baghdad","authors":"Yaaroub Faleh Khalef Al Fatlawy, Faiza Kadhim, Beadaa Abdalqader Mahdii","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.52","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the significance of hospital drinking water, a study was done to assess the water in three hospitals in Baghdad (Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Ibn Sina Hospital, and Ibn-Al-Nafis Hospital) for its nature and quality, compare it to other hospitals in terms of its physical, chemical, and bacterial specifications, and compare it to international standards. According to Iraqi standards from 2009 and WHO standards from 2011, Chemical factors were measured, which included pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Calcium Ion (Ca+2). Reported readings are all within acceptable ranges for drinking water. In contrast, turbidity, total hardness (T.H.), chlorides (Cl-), magnesium (Mg+2), the number of aerobic plates (APC), total coliform (T.C.), fecal coliform (F.C.), and fecal streptococcus (F.S.) which maximum values were (8.7 NTU, 690 mg-1, 510 mg-1, 231.1 mg/l, 38 cfu/ml, 20 cfu /100ml, 16 cfu /100ml, and 16 cfu /100ml) respectively. These values were higher than the permissible level recommended by the Iraqi standard (2009) and WHO standard (2011) for drinking water for all months and some months.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Drinking/ Water/ Hospitals/ Baghdad.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.70
Naeem A. Mutlag, Adawiya S. M. Al-Rawi, Mohammed D.Y. El-Jubouri, S. Cheyed
During the spring season of 2021, a field experiment was conducted at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad (Abi Ghraib location). To investigate the impact of nano iron concentrations and their application dates on the yield and its components of maize. A factorial experiment was carried out in a split-plot arrangement. The main plots occupied the spraying dates (beginning of the male flowering stage, 50% female flowering and completion of female flowering) and symbolized in sequence. At the same time, the iron concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg. L-1) occupied sub-plots according to RCBD with three replicates. The results revealed that the dates of spraying nano iron substantially influenced most of the features tested. The early date (beginning of the male flowering stage) gave the highest average length of the ear (16.374 cm), the number of rows per ear (16.3 row ear-1), and the number of grains per ear (563.4 grain ear-1) and the total grain yield of 6.096 tons ha.-1. The results also showed that the concentrations of nano iron 300 mg L-1were superior in all the characteristics of the yield components and the grain yield, as it produced the most significant average for ear length, number of rows, number of grains per row, number of grains in the ear, weight of 500 grains, and total grain yield. It is concluded from this study that spraying at the beginning of the flowering stage is the most responsive to spraying the nano iron element, especially at the concentration of 300 mg L-1. Keywords: Nano iron; flowering stage; ear length; grain yield
{"title":"Response of maize grain yield and components to foliar iron nanoparticle application","authors":"Naeem A. Mutlag, Adawiya S. M. Al-Rawi, Mohammed D.Y. El-Jubouri, S. Cheyed","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.70","url":null,"abstract":"During the spring season of 2021, a field experiment was conducted at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad (Abi Ghraib location). To investigate the impact of nano iron concentrations and their application dates on the yield and its components of maize. A factorial experiment was carried out in a split-plot arrangement. The main plots occupied the spraying dates (beginning of the male flowering stage, 50% female flowering and completion of female flowering) and symbolized in sequence. At the same time, the iron concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg. L-1) occupied sub-plots according to RCBD with three replicates. The results revealed that the dates of spraying nano iron substantially influenced most of the features tested. The early date (beginning of the male flowering stage) gave the highest average length of the ear (16.374 cm), the number of rows per ear (16.3 row ear-1), and the number of grains per ear (563.4 grain ear-1) and the total grain yield of 6.096 tons ha.-1. The results also showed that the concentrations of nano iron 300 mg L-1were superior in all the characteristics of the yield components and the grain yield, as it produced the most significant average for ear length, number of rows, number of grains per row, number of grains in the ear, weight of 500 grains, and total grain yield. It is concluded from this study that spraying at the beginning of the flowering stage is the most responsive to spraying the nano iron element, especially at the concentration of 300 mg L-1.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Nano iron; flowering stage; ear length; grain yield","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.40
Huda Adnan, Aboothar Ha. Al-Edhari
Five species of Eryngium L. (Apiaceae) native to Iraq-Eryngium glomeratumLam, Eryngium creticum Lam, Eryngium thyrosoideum Boiss, Eryngium billardieri Lam., and L. Eryngium campestre—are the focus of this comparative chemical taxonomy. Chemical analysis revealed that the five species within the genus could be distinguished by their unique chemical signatures thanks to applying the GC Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) technique to their secondary metabolic components. Species shared specific molecules but had distinct chemical make-ups in others. The chemical properties of the species in the genus were used to calculate Euclidean genetic distance values; the highest value was found to be 5.1962 between E.creticum and E.billardieri, and the pair with the smallest value of Euclidean distance (3.70) was E. campestre and E. billardieri. The clustering analysis was displayed in the phylogenetic tree. The species can be classified into three broad categories along a single Euclidean axis, as indicated by chemical evidence that corroborated the result of Principal Component Analysis (4.9). (PCA). The studies also demonstrated the ability to differentiate and identify evolutionary links across species by showing the independence of species in specific isolated chemicals. Keywords: Eryngium; genus; Chemical taxonomic; Lam Eryngium, (GC-MS) technique.
{"title":"Comparative Chemical Study For Species of The Eryngium genus","authors":"Huda Adnan, Aboothar Ha. Al-Edhari","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.40","url":null,"abstract":"Five species of Eryngium L. (Apiaceae) native to Iraq-Eryngium glomeratumLam, Eryngium creticum Lam, Eryngium thyrosoideum Boiss, Eryngium billardieri Lam., and L. Eryngium campestre—are the focus of this comparative chemical taxonomy. Chemical analysis revealed that the five species within the genus could be distinguished by their unique chemical signatures thanks to applying the GC Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) technique to their secondary metabolic components. Species shared specific molecules but had distinct chemical make-ups in others. The chemical properties of the species in the genus were used to calculate Euclidean genetic distance values; the highest value was found to be 5.1962 between E.creticum and E.billardieri, and the pair with the smallest value of Euclidean distance (3.70) was E. campestre and E. billardieri. The clustering analysis was displayed in the phylogenetic tree. The species can be classified into three broad categories along a single Euclidean axis, as indicated by chemical evidence that corroborated the result of Principal Component Analysis (4.9). (PCA). The studies also demonstrated the ability to differentiate and identify evolutionary links across species by showing the independence of species in specific isolated chemicals.\u0000Keywords: Eryngium; genus; Chemical taxonomic; Lam Eryngium, (GC-MS) technique.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.26
Andrea Tamara García-Vásquez, Sandy Ruth Vidal-Chávez, Miriam Anccasi-Zevallos, Gina Adaliz Franco-Quispe, Donald Ramos-Perfecto, M. A. Mattos-Vela
La periodontitis es una enfermedad crónica que genera un deterioro progresivo de la salud periodontal y se caracteriza por inflamación de la encía, sangrado, bolsa periodontal, movilidad dental, así como la presencia de bacterias periodontopatógenas, como la Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, entre otras, agravan el estado cognitivo de estos pacientes y según varios estudios apuntarían a una potencial relación con la enfermedad de Alzheimer; enfermedad neurodegenerativa que se identifica por ocasionar demencia, pérdida de la memoria y disfunción cognitiva; asociada a múltiples factores de riesgo. Se confirmó la relación entre la enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad de Alzheimer, donde la presencia de bacterias periodontopatógenas agrava el estado cognitivo de los pacientes con este tipo de demencia. Conclusión: existe una relación importante entre la enfermedad periodontal y el Alzheimer, sustentado en estudios observacionales. Palabras clave: Enfermedades periodontales, Enfermedad de Alzheimer, Inflamación, Demencia.
{"title":"Asociación entre enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad de Alzheimer","authors":"Andrea Tamara García-Vásquez, Sandy Ruth Vidal-Chávez, Miriam Anccasi-Zevallos, Gina Adaliz Franco-Quispe, Donald Ramos-Perfecto, M. A. Mattos-Vela","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.26","url":null,"abstract":"La periodontitis es una enfermedad crónica que genera un deterioro progresivo de la salud periodontal y se caracteriza por inflamación de la encía, sangrado, bolsa periodontal, movilidad dental, así como la presencia de bacterias periodontopatógenas, como la Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, entre otras, agravan el estado cognitivo de estos pacientes y según varios estudios apuntarían a una potencial relación con la enfermedad de Alzheimer; enfermedad neurodegenerativa que se identifica por ocasionar demencia, pérdida de la memoria y disfunción cognitiva; asociada a múltiples factores de riesgo. Se confirmó la relación entre la enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad de Alzheimer, donde la presencia de bacterias periodontopatógenas agrava el estado cognitivo de los pacientes con este tipo de demencia. Conclusión: existe una relación importante entre la enfermedad periodontal y el Alzheimer, sustentado en estudios observacionales.\u0000Palabras clave: Enfermedades periodontales, Enfermedad de Alzheimer, Inflamación, Demencia.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El propóleo ha sido utilizado desde la antigüedad con fines medicinales, en la actualidad investigaciones han demostrado que el propóleo posee propiedades terapéuticas, antiinflamatorias, analgésicas y antisépticas, en tal sentido el objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana del propóleo y su aplicación en la Agroindustria; Para lo cual, se determinó la actividad antioxidante a los propóleos procedentes de La Magdalena, San Miguel y La Chima, donde se identificó que el propóleo de La Chima posee mayor concentración de antioxidante a diluciones de 20 y 60 mg/mL, de igual manera, se determinó la actividad antimicrobiana frente a dos bacterias Gram positivas (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus) y dos bacterias Gram negativas (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp), donde el propóleo de La Chima resultó ser más efectivo frente a Escherichia coli con halos de inhibición de 11,33 mm de diámetro. En conclusión, el propóleo de La Chima por ser el mejor tratamiento puede ser utilizado en la industria alimentaria como conservante natural. Palabras clave: Propóleo; antioxidantes; antimicrobiano; colmena; bacterias; queso.
蜂胶自古以来就有药用价值，现在的研究表明，蜂胶具有治疗、消炎、镇痛和杀菌的作用，因此，本研究的目的是研究蜂胶的抗氧化和抗菌活性及其在农用工业中的应用；为此，测定了 La Magdalena、San Miguel 和 La Chima 蜂胶的抗氧化活性，发现 La Chima 蜂胶在稀释到 20 和 60 毫克/毫升时具有更高的抗氧化剂浓度、对两种革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌、芽孢杆菌）和两种革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌）的抗菌活性进行了测定，发现拉其马蜂胶对大肠杆菌的抑制作用更强，抑制光晕直径达 11.33 毫米。总之，拉其马蜂胶作为最佳处理剂，可作为天然防腐剂用于食品工业。关键词： 蜂胶；抗氧化剂；抗菌剂；蜂巢；细菌；奶酪。
{"title":"Analisis de la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana del propóleo en la provincia Bolivar, Ecuador","authors":"Alicia Verdezoto Bósquez, Favian Bayas-Morejón, Danilo Monter, Yajaira Cuenca García, Paul Lema Osorio","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.8","url":null,"abstract":"El propóleo ha sido utilizado desde la antigüedad con fines medicinales, en la actualidad investigaciones han demostrado que el propóleo posee propiedades terapéuticas, antiinflamatorias, analgésicas y antisépticas, en tal sentido el objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana del propóleo y su aplicación en la Agroindustria; Para lo cual, se determinó la actividad antioxidante a los propóleos procedentes de La Magdalena, San Miguel y La Chima, donde se identificó que el propóleo de La Chima posee mayor concentración de antioxidante a diluciones de 20 y 60 mg/mL, de igual manera, se determinó la actividad antimicrobiana frente a dos bacterias Gram positivas (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus) y dos bacterias Gram negativas (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp), donde el propóleo de La Chima resultó ser más efectivo frente a Escherichia coli con halos de inhibición de 11,33 mm de diámetro. En conclusión, el propóleo de La Chima por ser el mejor tratamiento puede ser utilizado en la industria alimentaria como conservante natural.\u0000 \u0000Palabras clave: Propóleo; antioxidantes; antimicrobiano; colmena; bacterias; queso.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.77
Manar Al-Murshidi, Walaa Salih Hassan, Wurood Hamza Muttaleb
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a broadly used substance in our environment. The current study was established to investigate the potentially toxic effects of BPA in the histology of adult male albino rabbits' reproductive organs. 45 adult male rabbits were subdivided into three groups. Group 1 orally received standard saline solution daily (proposed as a negative control); Group 2 received (0.5 ml/day) of olive oil orally daily (offered as a positive control); and the third Group, 3 rabbits, were treated orally with a dose of 25mgKg BW of the BP-A which dissolved in olive oil for 30 days. Tissue specimens from epididymis, testis, seminal vesicles and prostate were collected for histological examination. Blood samples were collected for serum hormone level evaluation. Results showed that BPA caused a significant decrease in testosterone, Luteinizing hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, and a significant increase in estradiol and prolactin, along with some histopathological alterations in the epithelial and connective tissues of all the organs of studied animals. In conclusion, BPA induced hormonal disturbances in some hormones of the reproductive pituitary axis and histologic and toxic effects on the histology of all reproductive organs. Keywords: Bis-Phenol A; reproductive hormones; testis; epididymis; accessory sex glands; histology.
双酚 A（BPA）是环境中广泛使用的一种物质。本研究旨在调查双酚 A 对成年雄性白化兔生殖器官组织学的潜在毒性影响。45 只成年雄性兔子被分成三组。第一组每天口服标准生理盐水（作为阴性对照）；第二组每天口服（0.5毫升/天）橄榄油（作为阳性对照）；第三组3只兔子连续30天口服25毫克/千克体重的溶解于橄榄油中的双酚A。采集附睾、睾丸、精囊和前列腺组织标本进行组织学检查。采集血液样本用于评估血清激素水平。结果表明，双酚 A 会导致睾酮、促黄体生成素、促卵泡生成素显著降低，雌二醇和催乳素显著升高，同时研究动物所有器官的上皮和结缔组织都发生了一些组织病理学改变。总之，双酚 A 会导致生殖垂体轴的某些激素紊乱，并对所有生殖器官的组织学产生毒性影响。关键词双酚 A；生殖激素；睾丸；附睾；附属性腺；组织学。
{"title":"Some histological effects of Bisphenol-A on some reproductive organs in male adult rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","authors":"Manar Al-Murshidi, Walaa Salih Hassan, Wurood Hamza Muttaleb","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.77","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a broadly used substance in our environment. The current study was established to investigate the potentially toxic effects of BPA in the histology of adult male albino rabbits' reproductive organs. 45 adult male rabbits were subdivided into three groups. Group 1 orally received standard saline solution daily (proposed as a negative control); Group 2 received (0.5 ml/day) of olive oil orally daily (offered as a positive control); and the third Group, 3 rabbits, were treated orally with a dose of 25mgKg BW of the BP-A which dissolved in olive oil for 30 days. Tissue specimens from epididymis, testis, seminal vesicles and prostate were collected for histological examination. Blood samples were collected for serum hormone level evaluation. Results showed that BPA caused a significant decrease in testosterone, Luteinizing hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, and a significant increase in estradiol and prolactin, along with some histopathological alterations in the epithelial and connective tissues of all the organs of studied animals. In conclusion, BPA induced hormonal disturbances in some hormones of the reproductive pituitary axis and histologic and toxic effects on the histology of all reproductive organs.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Bis-Phenol A; reproductive hormones; testis; epididymis; accessory sex glands; histology.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.45
Silvana Ximena López Paredes, Mery Rocío Rea Guamán, Edgar Vinicio Rea Tocta, Gissela Mariuxi Punina Quinabanda
El objetivo central de este estudio fue evaluar y fortalecer el conocimiento y actitudes relacionadas con la salud sexual y reproductiva en estudiantes de la unidad educativa Guaranda. A través de una metodología robusta, basada en el instrumento "Design and validation of a brief questionnaire to assess young's sexual knowledge" propuesto por León & Gómez (2020), se desarrollaron dos evaluaciones fundamentales: un pre-test y un post-test, con el fin de determinar el impacto de las intervenciones educativas diseñadas. Los hallazgos iniciales del pre-test destacaron áreas de mejora, como la comprensión básica sobre sexualidad y el uso adecuado de anticonceptivos. Posterior a las intervenciones educativas, los resultados del post-test evidenciaron avances significativos en el grupo estudiado: un incremento del 15% al 64% en respuestas que indican altos niveles de conocimiento sobre salud sexual, y un aumento del 32% al 73% en el reconocimiento y uso correcto de anticonceptivos. A pesar de estas mejoras, se identificó un grupo del 5% que, por diversas razones, optó por no responder algunas cuestiones en el post-test. Este dato resalta la necesidad de personalizar y adaptar aún más las estrategias educativas, considerando factores socioculturales que puedan influir en la percepción y aceptación de temas relacionados con la salud sexual. Finalmente, este estudio reafirma la importancia de implementar programas educativos sólidos y basados en evidencia en el ámbito escolar. Las intervenciones efectivas, como las llevadas a cabo en este estudio, no solo fomentan un conocimiento adecuado, sino que también promueven actitudes y comportamientos saludables en relación con la sexualidad en los jóvenes. Es imperativo continuar investigando y adaptando estrategias para garantizar una educación sexual integral y efectiva Palabras clave: salud sexual; reproducción; educación sexual
{"title":"Avances en la Comprensión sobre Salud Sexual y Reproductiva: Hallazgos en Estudiantes de Educación Secundaria","authors":"Silvana Ximena López Paredes, Mery Rocío Rea Guamán, Edgar Vinicio Rea Tocta, Gissela Mariuxi Punina Quinabanda","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.45","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo central de este estudio fue evaluar y fortalecer el conocimiento y actitudes relacionadas con la salud sexual y reproductiva en estudiantes de la unidad educativa Guaranda. A través de una metodología robusta, basada en el instrumento \"Design and validation of a brief questionnaire to assess young's sexual knowledge\" propuesto por León & Gómez (2020), se desarrollaron dos evaluaciones fundamentales: un pre-test y un post-test, con el fin de determinar el impacto de las intervenciones educativas diseñadas. Los hallazgos iniciales del pre-test destacaron áreas de mejora, como la comprensión básica sobre sexualidad y el uso adecuado de anticonceptivos. Posterior a las intervenciones educativas, los resultados del post-test evidenciaron avances significativos en el grupo estudiado: un incremento del 15% al 64% en respuestas que indican altos niveles de conocimiento sobre salud sexual, y un aumento del 32% al 73% en el reconocimiento y uso correcto de anticonceptivos. A pesar de estas mejoras, se identificó un grupo del 5% que, por diversas razones, optó por no responder algunas cuestiones en el post-test. Este dato resalta la necesidad de personalizar y adaptar aún más las estrategias educativas, considerando factores socioculturales que puedan influir en la percepción y aceptación de temas relacionados con la salud sexual. Finalmente, este estudio reafirma la importancia de implementar programas educativos sólidos y basados en evidencia en el ámbito escolar. Las intervenciones efectivas, como las llevadas a cabo en este estudio, no solo fomentan un conocimiento adecuado, sino que también promueven actitudes y comportamientos saludables en relación con la sexualidad en los jóvenes. Es imperativo continuar investigando y adaptando estrategias para garantizar una educación sexual integral y efectiva\u0000Palabras clave: salud sexual; reproducción; educación sexual","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.75
Haifa Awahd, Zeinab Al-tememe, Manal Alsirrag
This study was conducted in the Animal Production department of the Agriculture College University of Karbala to compare three types of duck meat bred in the animal fields of the College (Muscovy - Mollar - Pekini). The slaughter was carried out in the fields of the college, and only the breasts were taken for each sample of the three species. They were minced in a home mincing machine and kept in polyethylene bags until physical and sensory tests were performed on duck meat and compared between them. The moisture content of Molar, Muscovy, and Pekin ducks was 74%, 73% and 56%, respectively. Results showed a higher fat content in Pekin meat, 36%, than the other two kinds of duck meat, Muscovy and molar meat, 23% and 24%, respectively, While Pekin meat had a low protein content of 14.8%. Muscovy and mular were 18% and 17% respectively. There was a positive direct correlation between the properties of protein and fat, which indicates that both the content of protein and fat are present at a very close level for Muscovy and molar meat. This indicates the superiority of these two types and the possibility of using them to manufacture meat and meat products. Despite the few differences between the studied samples, the burger manufacturing results of the three models showed the possibility of using these meats in the manufacture of meat and meat products. Keywords: Sensory and chemical composition; Muscovy duck 1; Molar 2; Pekin duck.
{"title":"Comparison of chemical and Sensory Characteristics of meat betties produced from three types of ducks: Muscovy, Pekin and Molar","authors":"Haifa Awahd, Zeinab Al-tememe, Manal Alsirrag","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.75","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in the Animal Production department of the Agriculture College University of Karbala to compare three types of duck meat bred in the animal fields of the College (Muscovy - Mollar - Pekini). The slaughter was carried out in the fields of the college, and only the breasts were taken for each sample of the three species. They were minced in a home mincing machine and kept in polyethylene bags until physical and sensory tests were performed on duck meat and compared between them. The moisture content of Molar, Muscovy, and Pekin ducks was 74%, 73% and 56%, respectively. Results showed a higher fat content in Pekin meat, 36%, than the other two kinds of duck meat, Muscovy and molar meat, 23% and 24%, respectively, While Pekin meat had a low protein content of 14.8%. Muscovy and mular were 18% and 17% respectively. There was a positive direct correlation between the properties of protein and fat, which indicates that both the content of protein and fat are present at a very close level for Muscovy and molar meat. This indicates the superiority of these two types and the possibility of using them to manufacture meat and meat products. Despite the few differences between the studied samples, the burger manufacturing results of the three models showed the possibility of using these meats in the manufacture of meat and meat products.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Sensory and chemical composition; Muscovy duck 1; Molar 2; Pekin duck.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.6
M. García, Rommel Aaron Pazmiño Vallejo, Dayana Belén Troya Carrera, Juan Gaibor Chávez
La investigación se enfocó en valorar la influencia de fermentadores en cajones de madera: Guayacán (Tabebuia Chrysantha), Laurel (Laurus nobilis), y Caña (Guadua angustifolia) sobre la calidad fisicoquímicas de las almendras de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Se aplicó un diseño AXB con arreglo factorial (2x3) y se determinó el porcentaje de fermentación en los tres tipos de cajas visualizando el 60 % mínimo de almendras bien fermentadas, granos violetas 21 %, granos pizarrosos superó el 12 %, lograr las mejores características organolépticas en el grano de cacao resultante, implica un adecuado tratamiento, mejores prácticas aplicadas y la incorporación de un tipo de fermentador que garantice el éxito del proceso. Cabe señalar que el primer proceso se ve afectado por varios factores tales como: tipo de madera a utilizar para la construcción de los cajones, dimensiones de estos, el tamaño de los orificios que permiten la evacuación del mucilago y las remociones que se le dé a la masa durante el proceso. El proceso fermentativo se convierte en el principal proceso del beneficio pues los cambios que se originan son fundamentales para que aparezcan los agentes precursores del aroma y sabor típicos del cacao de calidad. Es por eso por lo que se ha utilizado un modelo matemático para poder determinar datos importantes en la fermentación alcohólica que se realiza en las cajas. Dicho de esta manera se aplica una modelación matemática para la fermentación de Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), para la cinética correspondiente, el comportamiento de la biomasa con el consumo de sustrato y el comportamiento del sustrato y Crecimiento microbiano por medio de los modelos matemáticos de Monod y de Andrews y Levenspiel. Palabras clave: Crecimiento Microbiano, Fermentación Alcohólica, Mucilago, Madera, Matemáticas Modelos.
{"title":"Estudio de cinética de fermentación alcohólica de cacao en cajón tipo madera","authors":"M. García, Rommel Aaron Pazmiño Vallejo, Dayana Belén Troya Carrera, Juan Gaibor Chávez","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.6","url":null,"abstract":"La investigación se enfocó en valorar la influencia de fermentadores en cajones de madera: Guayacán (Tabebuia Chrysantha), Laurel (Laurus nobilis), y Caña (Guadua angustifolia) sobre la calidad fisicoquímicas de las almendras de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Se aplicó un diseño AXB con arreglo factorial (2x3) y se determinó el porcentaje de fermentación en los tres tipos de cajas visualizando el 60 % mínimo de almendras bien fermentadas, granos violetas 21 %, granos pizarrosos superó el 12 %, lograr las mejores características organolépticas en el grano de cacao resultante, implica un adecuado tratamiento, mejores prácticas aplicadas y la incorporación de un tipo de fermentador que garantice el éxito del proceso.\u0000 \u0000Cabe señalar que el primer proceso se ve afectado por varios factores tales como: tipo de madera a utilizar para la construcción de los cajones, dimensiones de estos, el tamaño de los orificios que permiten la evacuación del mucilago y las remociones que se le dé a la masa durante el proceso. El proceso fermentativo se convierte en el principal proceso del beneficio pues los cambios que se originan son fundamentales para que aparezcan los agentes precursores del aroma y sabor típicos del cacao de calidad. Es por eso por lo que se ha utilizado un modelo matemático para poder determinar datos importantes en la fermentación alcohólica que se realiza en las cajas. Dicho de esta manera se aplica una modelación matemática para la fermentación de Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), para la cinética correspondiente, el comportamiento de la biomasa con el consumo de sustrato y el comportamiento del sustrato y Crecimiento microbiano por medio de los modelos matemáticos de Monod y de Andrews y Levenspiel.\u0000 \u0000Palabras clave: Crecimiento Microbiano, Fermentación Alcohólica, Mucilago, Madera, Matemáticas Modelos.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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