Los ecosistemas costeros reciben impactos negativos por actividades industriales, explotación de especies costeras, actividades turísticas y recreativas, lo que hace necesario evaluar su calidad ambiental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la variabilidad de las actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa en suelos arenosos de playas del municipio Puerto Cabello, estado Carabobo para su uso como indicadores de calidad ambiental. Las playas estudiadas fueron El Palito (EP), Waikiki (W) y Playa Blanca (PB). Se establecieron cuatro unidades de muestreo: zona lejana (L), zona cercana (C), zona seca (S), zona húmeda (H), tomando muestras superficiales (s) y sub-superficiales (ss) en época lluviosa y seca. Se determinaron parámetros fisicoquímicos y las actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa. La actividad de catalasa, muestra variabilidad asociada a las zonas evaluadas, pero no se evidencian variaciones estacionales. La actividad de ureasa, refleja una variabilidad con respecto a las zonas de la playa y la fuente contaminante; mientras que la actividad proteasa no muestra variación estacional, pero si respecto a las zonas de la playa y la fuente contaminante. Se evidenció una correlación negativa significativa entre la actividad catalasa y el contenido de arena, retención de humedad, materia orgánica y una correlación positiva entre la actividad de la ureasa y el contenido de materia orgánica. Finalmente, se concluye que las actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa son sensibles ante impactos antropogénicos, por lo que pueden ser usadas como indicadores de calidad en los suelos arenosos evaluados. Palabras clave: Catalasa; indicadores de calidad de suelo; proteasa; suelos arenosos; ureasa.
沿海生态系统受到工业活动、沿海物种开发、旅游和娱乐活动的负面影响，因此有必要对其环境质量进行评估。这项工作的目的是研究卡拉沃沃州卡韦略港市内海滩沙土中过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蛋白酶活性的变化，以作为环境质量的指标。研究的海滩为 El Palito (EP)、Waikiki (W) 和 Playa Blanca (PB)。在雨季和旱季期间，分别建立了四个采样单元：远区（L）、近区（C）、干区（S）、湿区（H），采集地表（s）和地下（ss）样本。测定了理化参数以及过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蛋白酶的酶活性。过氧化氢酶活性随评估区域而变化，但没有明显的季节性变化。尿素酶活性随海滩地区和污染源而变化，蛋白酶活性则没有季节性变化，但随海滩地区和污染源而变化。研究发现，过氧化氢酶活性与含沙量、保湿度和有机物之间存在明显的负相关，而脲酶活性与有机物含量之间存在正相关。最后得出结论：过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蛋白酶的活性对人为影响很敏感，因此它们可用作所评价的沙质土壤的质量指标。关键词：过氧化氢酶；土壤质量指标；蛋白酶；沙质土壤；脲酶。
{"title":"Variabilidad de actividades enzimáticas en suelos arenosos de playas del Municipio Puerto Cabello, Estado Carabobo, Venezuela","authors":"Joselyn Albujar, Arnaldo Armado, Jorge Briceño, D. Avalos, Sonia Salazar, Marcelo Rojas","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.7","url":null,"abstract":"Los ecosistemas costeros reciben impactos negativos por actividades industriales, explotación de especies costeras, actividades turísticas y recreativas, lo que hace necesario evaluar su calidad ambiental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la variabilidad de las actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa en suelos arenosos de playas del municipio Puerto Cabello, estado Carabobo para su uso como indicadores de calidad ambiental. Las playas estudiadas fueron El Palito (EP), Waikiki (W) y Playa Blanca (PB). Se establecieron cuatro unidades de muestreo: zona lejana (L), zona cercana (C), zona seca (S), zona húmeda (H), tomando muestras superficiales (s) y sub-superficiales (ss) en época lluviosa y seca. Se determinaron parámetros fisicoquímicos y las actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa. La actividad de catalasa, muestra variabilidad asociada a las zonas evaluadas, pero no se evidencian variaciones estacionales. La actividad de ureasa, refleja una variabilidad con respecto a las zonas de la playa y la fuente contaminante; mientras que la actividad proteasa no muestra variación estacional, pero si respecto a las zonas de la playa y la fuente contaminante. Se evidenció una correlación negativa significativa entre la actividad catalasa y el contenido de arena, retención de humedad, materia orgánica y una correlación positiva entre la actividad de la ureasa y el contenido de materia orgánica. Finalmente, se concluye que las actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa son sensibles ante impactos antropogénicos, por lo que pueden ser usadas como indicadores de calidad en los suelos arenosos evaluados.\u0000 \u0000Palabras clave: Catalasa; indicadores de calidad de suelo; proteasa; suelos arenosos; ureasa.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"110 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dentro de las sustancias valoradas como contaminantes se encuentran los metales pesados, considerados elementos potencialmente tóxicos. Estas sustancias son motivo de preocupación, ya que son persistentes en los suelos y alteran diversos procesos ecosistémicos que incluyen las interacciones multitróficas. En tal sentido, en esta investigación se plantearon como objetivos evaluar el contenido de metales disponibles y analizar su relación con los parámetros fisicoquímicos y biológicos de suelos arenosos de playas del municipio Puerto Cabello, estado Carabobo. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos determinados fueron: textura, pH, conductividad, retención de humedad, materia orgánica, carbono orgánico total y capacidad de intercambio catiónico Los parámetros biológicos fueron: actividad microbiológica, carbono de biomasa microbiana, actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa. La extracción de los metales se realizó utilizando una mezcla de EDTA, CaCl2.2H2O y Trietanolamina y la determinación se llevó a cabo por Espectrofotometría de absorción atómica a la llama. Los metales evaluados fueron: Cu, Cr, Ni y Pb. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se tiene que sólo se detectó en su forma disponible el plomo y éste se correlacionó de forma positiva con el pH y de manera negativa con la respiración edáfica. Finalmente, se concluye que las concentraciones de Plomo disponible en los suelos arenosos evaluados, no superan los límites máximos permitidos en diversas normativas ambientales en el mundo; sin embargo, superan el valor establecido en el Decreto N° 2635 de Venezuela para lixiviados (5 mg/l) permitiendo inferir que estos suelos están impactados por este metal. Palabras clave: Suelo arenoso, metales biodisponibles, contaminación.
{"title":"Evaluación del contenido de metales biodisponibles en suelos arenosos de playas del Municipio Puerto Cabello, Estado Carabobo, Venezuela","authors":"Joselyn Albujar, Arnaldo Armado, Jorge Briceño, D. Avalos, Sonia Salazar, Marcelo Rojas","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.16","url":null,"abstract":"Dentro de las sustancias valoradas como contaminantes se encuentran los metales pesados, considerados elementos potencialmente tóxicos. Estas sustancias son motivo de preocupación, ya que son persistentes en los suelos y alteran diversos procesos ecosistémicos que incluyen las interacciones multitróficas. En tal sentido, en esta investigación se plantearon como objetivos evaluar el contenido de metales disponibles y analizar su relación con los parámetros fisicoquímicos y biológicos de suelos arenosos de playas del municipio Puerto Cabello, estado Carabobo. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos determinados fueron: textura, pH, conductividad, retención de humedad, materia orgánica, carbono orgánico total y capacidad de intercambio catiónico Los parámetros biológicos fueron: actividad microbiológica, carbono de biomasa microbiana, actividades enzimáticas de catalasa, ureasa y proteasa. La extracción de los metales se realizó utilizando una mezcla de EDTA, CaCl2.2H2O y Trietanolamina y la determinación se llevó a cabo por Espectrofotometría de absorción atómica a la llama. Los metales evaluados fueron: Cu, Cr, Ni y Pb. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se tiene que sólo se detectó en su forma disponible el plomo y éste se correlacionó de forma positiva con el pH y de manera negativa con la respiración edáfica. Finalmente, se concluye que las concentraciones de Plomo disponible en los suelos arenosos evaluados, no superan los límites máximos permitidos en diversas normativas ambientales en el mundo; sin embargo, superan el valor establecido en el Decreto N° 2635 de Venezuela para lixiviados (5 mg/l) permitiendo inferir que estos suelos están impactados por este metal.\u0000Palabras clave: Suelo arenoso, metales biodisponibles, contaminación.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"37 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.20
Haitham M. Mokhimar, H. Elsawah, Mohamed M. Kandiel, Faten E. Elsaid, A. El-Mahmoudy
Ciprofloxacin is the first-choice member of the fluoroquinolone antibacterials for treating testicular infections, but it may harm testicular tissue because of oxidative stress. Many mechanisms are involved, like decreasing antioxidant enzymes and suppressing gene expression. This study intends to investigate the possible protective role of ginseng against ciprofloxacin-induced testicular oxidative stress and its mechanism, if any. For this purpose, 50 adult male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups, ten rats in each group. Rats in group 1 received only ciprofloxacin at a daily dose of 156.46 mg/kg. Rats in groups 2, 3 and 4 received ciprofloxacin in a daily dose of 156.46 mg/kg, ginseng in two doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, and vitamin E as a standard in a daily dose of 100 mg/kg, respectively. Group 5 served as control and received carboxymethylcellulose in normal saline. All these treatments were applied orally during 14 14-day experimental courses. Half the animals in each group were euthanized on day 15 from the start of the treatment, while the second half was euthanized on day 60. Both testes were dissected, immediately frozen, and evaluated for oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression antioxidant enzymes. We found that ciprofloxacin significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased MDA and decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) compared to the control group. Also, the drug downregulated gene expression of SOD and CAT. Compared to all groups, the co-administration of ginseng or vitamin E with ciprofloxacin almost normalized antioxidant enzymes and upregulated the tested gene expressions. It could be concluded that ginseng ameliorates the testicular adverse effect of ciprofloxacin. So, it is highly recommended to be used as an adjunct remedy during ciprofloxacin administration for its antioxidant properties. Keywords: Ciprofloxacin, Gene expression, Ginseng, Infertility, ROS, Testicular oxidative stress, Vitamin-E.
{"title":"Study of the protective effect of ginseng against testicular oxidative stress biomarkers and its gene expression induced by ciprofloxacin","authors":"Haitham M. Mokhimar, H. Elsawah, Mohamed M. Kandiel, Faten E. Elsaid, A. El-Mahmoudy","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.20","url":null,"abstract":"Ciprofloxacin is the first-choice member of the fluoroquinolone antibacterials for treating testicular infections, but it may harm testicular tissue because of oxidative stress. Many mechanisms are involved, like decreasing antioxidant enzymes and suppressing gene expression. This study intends to investigate the possible protective role of ginseng against ciprofloxacin-induced testicular oxidative stress and its mechanism, if any. For this purpose, 50 adult male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups, ten rats in each group. Rats in group 1 received only ciprofloxacin at a daily dose of 156.46 mg/kg. Rats in groups 2, 3 and 4 received ciprofloxacin in a daily dose of 156.46 mg/kg, ginseng in two doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, and vitamin E as a standard in a daily dose of 100 mg/kg, respectively. Group 5 served as control and received carboxymethylcellulose in normal saline. All these treatments were applied orally during 14 14-day experimental courses. Half the animals in each group were euthanized on day 15 from the start of the treatment, while the second half was euthanized on day 60. Both testes were dissected, immediately frozen, and evaluated for oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression antioxidant enzymes. We found that ciprofloxacin significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased MDA and decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) compared to the control group. Also, the drug downregulated gene expression of SOD and CAT. Compared to all groups, the co-administration of ginseng or vitamin E with ciprofloxacin almost normalized antioxidant enzymes and upregulated the tested gene expressions. It could be concluded that ginseng ameliorates the testicular adverse effect of ciprofloxacin. So, it is highly recommended to be used as an adjunct remedy during ciprofloxacin administration for its antioxidant properties.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Ciprofloxacin, Gene expression, Ginseng, Infertility, ROS, Testicular oxidative stress, Vitamin-E.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"268 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.85
Tariq S. Almrsomi, A. Hammod, A. Areaaer
Until recently, the central objective of poultry feed formulation was to supply common feedstuff such as corn. Today, the search for sustainable alternatives to traditional feed elements is a primary goal to reduce feed costs. This study was carried out to explore the production performance of the Rice bran in the feeding of broiler Ross 308 chicken. One hundred eighty chicks were fed with Rice bran diets treated with multi-enzyme as a partial replacement (10%) of Yellow Corn. Chicks were distributed into four treatment groups as follows: (L0) control (45% yellow corn), L1, L2 and L3 (10% Rice bran and 35% yellow corn). Rice bran was treated with different amounts of multi-enzymes: 500, 750, and 1000mg of Labazymekg diet, respectively. The results showed a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in the marketing live body weight and total weight gain for broilers fed with 10% Rice bran and 35% yellow corn. The accumulative feed consumption and conversion ratio were unaffected (no significant difference at P≤0.05) when the Rice bran was treated with 1000 mg of Labazymekg diet. This present study concludes that a diet with 10% Rice bran and 35% yellow corn hurts the growth performance of broiler chicken. However, the breeding cost of broiler Ross 308 chicken was reduced when the Rice bran was treated with 1000 mg/kg multi-enzymes (L3 group). There were no effects on the mortality rate of all experimental groups. Keyword: Broiler, Labazyme, Performance, Rice bran, Ross 308.
{"title":"The Effect of Partial Replacement of Yellow Corn by Iraqi Rice Bran Treated with multi-enzymes on the Broiler Performance","authors":"Tariq S. Almrsomi, A. Hammod, A. Areaaer","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.85","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently, the central objective of poultry feed formulation was to supply common feedstuff such as corn. Today, the search for sustainable alternatives to traditional feed elements is a primary goal to reduce feed costs. This study was carried out to explore the production performance of the Rice bran in the feeding of broiler Ross 308 chicken. One hundred eighty chicks were fed with Rice bran diets treated with multi-enzyme as a partial replacement (10%) of Yellow Corn. Chicks were distributed into four treatment groups as follows: (L0) control (45% yellow corn), L1, L2 and L3 (10% Rice bran and 35% yellow corn). Rice bran was treated with different amounts of multi-enzymes: 500, 750, and 1000mg of Labazymekg diet, respectively. The results showed a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in the marketing live body weight and total weight gain for broilers fed with 10% Rice bran and 35% yellow corn. The accumulative feed consumption and conversion ratio were unaffected (no significant difference at P≤0.05) when the Rice bran was treated with 1000 mg of Labazymekg diet. This present study concludes that a diet with 10% Rice bran and 35% yellow corn hurts the growth performance of broiler chicken. However, the breeding cost of broiler Ross 308 chicken was reduced when the Rice bran was treated with 1000 mg/kg multi-enzymes (L3 group). There were no effects on the mortality rate of all experimental groups.\u0000Keyword: Broiler, Labazyme, Performance, Rice bran, Ross 308.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"280 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.58
Haidar H. Al-Kallabe, A. Mohammed, A. A. Kareem
The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, is a significant insect pest worldwide. The potential for using Linum usitatissimum flax seed oil to control insects has been reported. However, no study has been conducted on the efficacy of flax seed oil against M. persicae. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of Linum usitatissimum flax seed oil at four concentrations (1.00, 3.00, 5.00, and 10.0 ml / 100 ml water). The highest mortality of adults (100%) was caused 4 days post-treatment with all tested concentrations. Similarly, the results demonstrate that foliar application of flax seed oil against all nymphal stages caused 100% mortality rates at all concentrations after 4 days of treatment. The rate of nymph production of aphids significantly decreased and reached 0.0 nymph per adult after 4 days. The results suggest that flax seed oil has the potential as a biological control agent of M. persicae. Keywords: botanicals, essential oil, insects, biological control
{"title":"Efficacy of different concentrations of flax plant oil Linum usitatissimum in controlling green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"Haidar H. Al-Kallabe, A. Mohammed, A. A. Kareem","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.58","url":null,"abstract":"The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, is a significant insect pest worldwide. The potential for using Linum usitatissimum flax seed oil to control insects has been reported. However, no study has been conducted on the efficacy of flax seed oil against M. persicae. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of Linum usitatissimum flax seed oil at four concentrations (1.00, 3.00, 5.00, and 10.0 ml / 100 ml water). The highest mortality of adults (100%) was caused 4 days post-treatment with all tested concentrations.\u0000Similarly, the results demonstrate that foliar application of flax seed oil against all nymphal stages caused 100% mortality rates at all concentrations after 4 days of treatment. The rate of nymph production of aphids significantly decreased and reached 0.0 nymph per adult after 4 days. The results suggest that flax seed oil has the potential as a biological control agent of M. persicae.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: botanicals, essential oil, insects, biological control","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"90 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.57
Mohammed M. Alderawii, Aqeel Alyousuf
A field study evaluated the efficiency and economic feasibility of using three Neonicotinoids to control Flat-headed borers infesting Jujube orchards in Basra Province during 2020 and 2021. The insecticides tested were Acetamiprid, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam, with recommended field application rates. This study showed that Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid provided the best protection to jujube trees, reflected in the high average efficiency (88.70% and 93.40%, respectively). Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam enhanced the production, with an average of 60.10 and 60.00 kg/tree, respectively, compared to 39.50 kg of the check trees. Thus, the study showed the highest economic return from controlling the flat-headed borers using Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam (5714900 and 5676500 dinars/ dunum, respectively). In contrast, the economic returns of Imidacloprid were 5082900 Iraqi dinars/ dunum. These results confirmed that the high economic feasibility was related to the efficacy of the low-cost insecticides in reducing the fruit infestation rate and increasing the yield. Keywords: Buprestidae; Insecticides; flat-headed borers; Economic visibility; Neonicotinoids.
{"title":"Efficiency and economic feasibility of using Neonicotinoids against Flat-headed borer Chrysobothris affinis (Fabricius, 1794) (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) infesting Jujube orchards in Basra Province, Iraq","authors":"Mohammed M. Alderawii, Aqeel Alyousuf","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.57","url":null,"abstract":"A field study evaluated the efficiency and economic feasibility of using three Neonicotinoids to control Flat-headed borers infesting Jujube orchards in Basra Province during 2020 and 2021. The insecticides tested were Acetamiprid, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam, with recommended field application rates. This study showed that Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid provided the best protection to jujube trees, reflected in the high average efficiency (88.70% and 93.40%, respectively). Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam enhanced the production, with an average of 60.10 and 60.00 kg/tree, respectively, compared to 39.50 kg of the check trees. Thus, the study showed the highest economic return from controlling the flat-headed borers using Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam (5714900 and 5676500 dinars/ dunum, respectively). In contrast, the economic returns of Imidacloprid were 5082900 Iraqi dinars/ dunum. These results confirmed that the high economic feasibility was related to the efficacy of the low-cost insecticides in reducing the fruit infestation rate and increasing the yield.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Buprestidae; Insecticides; flat-headed borers; Economic visibility; Neonicotinoids.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.54
Muntadher Al-Mousawi, H. Al-Tamimi
This research was conducted to determine the impact of spraying the increased regulator melatonin on the tolerance of some citrus roots to salt stress. The results showed that the Sour Orange root was significantly superior to the rest of the citrus rootstocks and recorded the highest increase in the rate (Height, diameter, quantity, and area of leaves for the plant), while the root Volkamer lemon was significantly the best by recording the highest rate of arid mass of the root system and plant life. Furthermore, irrigation with electrical connection water (1.7 sec.m-1) led to obtaining the highest values for vegetative plant girth growth characteristics (plant girth, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative and root system and root length). Moreover, treatment with the growth regulator melatonin at a concentration of (100 mg.L-1) showed the most significant percentage in the trait (plant height, diameter of the stem, number of leaves, size of the leaves, and dry weight of the vegetative both root system and root length). As well as the binary and triple interactions between these study factors led to a clear significant superiority in the studied traits compared to the comparison treatment, as the triple interaction treatment (Sour Orange root + melatonin at 100 mg. l-1 as the concentration+ salinity of irrigation water at a concentration of 1.7 decimens.m-1) was the most significant treatment by giving the highest increase in the rate of vegetative characteristics. Finally, the treatment (rootstocks Volkamer lemon + melatonin at 100 mg.l-1 as the concentration + salinity of irrigation water at a concentration of 1.7 dm. m-1) recorded the highest rate of length and weight of the root when it is a dry system. Keywords: melatonin; rootstocks; salinity
{"title":"Evaluation of the growth efficiency of some citrus rootstocks for spraying melatonin growth regulator under salt stress conditions","authors":"Muntadher Al-Mousawi, H. Al-Tamimi","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.54","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to determine the impact of spraying the increased regulator melatonin on the tolerance of some citrus roots to salt stress. The results showed that the Sour Orange root was significantly superior to the rest of the citrus rootstocks and recorded the highest increase in the rate (Height, diameter, quantity, and area of leaves for the plant), while the root Volkamer lemon was significantly the best by recording the highest rate of arid mass of the root system and plant life. Furthermore, irrigation with electrical connection water (1.7 sec.m-1) led to obtaining the highest values for vegetative plant girth growth characteristics (plant girth, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative and root system and root length). Moreover, treatment with the growth regulator melatonin at a concentration of (100 mg.L-1) showed the most significant percentage in the trait (plant height, diameter of the stem, number of leaves, size of the leaves, and dry weight of the vegetative both root system and root length). As well as the binary and triple interactions between these study factors led to a clear significant superiority in the studied traits compared to the comparison treatment, as the triple interaction treatment (Sour Orange root + melatonin at 100 mg. l-1 as the concentration+ salinity of irrigation water at a concentration of 1.7 decimens.m-1) was the most significant treatment by giving the highest increase in the rate of vegetative characteristics. Finally, the treatment (rootstocks Volkamer lemon + melatonin at 100 mg.l-1 as the concentration + salinity of irrigation water at a concentration of 1.7 dm. m-1) recorded the highest rate of length and weight of the root when it is a dry system.\u0000Keywords: melatonin; rootstocks; salinity","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.5
Roxana García-Culqui, Lady Guevara-Narváez, Franz Verdezoto-Mendoza, Juan Gaibor-Chávez
El objetivo fue determinar la cinética de secado del maíz (Zea mays L), variedad Guagal mejorado. Se realizaron con tres muestras de materia prima a temperaturas no controladas entre 60 °C – 80 °C durante 12 horas, seguido por el proceso de cinética de secado en una estufa a 104°C durante 24 horas. Las muestras iniciaron con pesos de 8.09 g; 10.02 g; 11.16 g respectivamente con una humedad inicial de 22.13 % y se obtuvo una humedad final de 0,53 %; 0,7 %; 0,61 %. Las variables medidas incluyeron la humedad en base seca, total y en equilibrio, el flujo de calor, la cantidad y la eficiencia de calor, y la velocidad de secado. Se determinó que la velocidad de secado a mayores temperaturas favorece a la transferencia de masa y energía. Se estableció que el modelo de Henderson y Pabis fue el que mejor se adaptó a los datos experimentales obtenidos en el proceso de cinética de secado a 104°C por 24 horas R2 = 99,798%; mientras que el modelo de Page fue el que mejor se adaptó a los datos obtenidos durante la deshidratación a 60-80°C durante 12 horas R2 = 99,881 %. Esto sugiere que se pueden obtener mejores resultados de secado y deshidratación con la variedad de maíz INIAP 111 Guagal mejorado si se considera el establecimiento de la temperatura adecuada y el tiempo de procesamiento. Palabras clave: Cinética, secado, maíz, modelo matemático, harina de maíz.
{"title":"Estudio de la cinética de secado del maíz suave (Zea mays L) variedad Guagal (INIAP 111)","authors":"Roxana García-Culqui, Lady Guevara-Narváez, Franz Verdezoto-Mendoza, Juan Gaibor-Chávez","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.5","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo fue determinar la cinética de secado del maíz (Zea mays L), variedad Guagal mejorado. Se realizaron con tres muestras de materia prima a temperaturas no controladas entre 60 °C – 80 °C durante 12 horas, seguido por el proceso de cinética de secado en una estufa a 104°C durante 24 horas. Las muestras iniciaron con pesos de 8.09 g; 10.02 g; 11.16 g respectivamente con una humedad inicial de 22.13 % y se obtuvo una humedad final de 0,53 %; 0,7 %; 0,61 %. Las variables medidas incluyeron la humedad en base seca, total y en equilibrio, el flujo de calor, la cantidad y la eficiencia de calor, y la velocidad de secado. Se determinó que la velocidad de secado a mayores temperaturas favorece a la transferencia de masa y energía. Se estableció que el modelo de Henderson y Pabis fue el que mejor se adaptó a los datos experimentales obtenidos en el proceso de cinética de secado a 104°C por 24 horas R2 = 99,798%; mientras que el modelo de Page fue el que mejor se adaptó a los datos obtenidos durante la deshidratación a 60-80°C durante 12 horas R2 = 99,881 %. Esto sugiere que se pueden obtener mejores resultados de secado y deshidratación con la variedad de maíz INIAP 111 Guagal mejorado si se considera el establecimiento de la temperatura adecuada y el tiempo de procesamiento.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Palabras clave: Cinética, secado, maíz, modelo matemático, harina de maíz.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El objetivo de esta investigación fue implementar un sistema de gestión para una línea de bombones basado en la normativa ISO 9001:2015 en la "PLANTA DE ELABORADOS DE CACAO" perteneciente a la Asociación de Grupo de Productoras de San Gerardo en Echeandía, El estudio involucró analizar el diagnóstico del estado actual de la asociación mediante el uso de técnicas de análisis como PEST; También se aplicó el análisis FODA, identificando indicadores positivos como oportunidades y fortalezas, así como indicadores negativos como debilidades y amenazas. Los puntos críticos de control se identificaron mediante el Diagrama de Pareto donde se obtuvo que la insuficiente línea de frio es la principal causa de los problemas en el producto, seguido por el temperador pequeño, en la producción de bombones al 60% de cacao se identificó que estas causas se ubican en la etapa de producción y distribución del producto, a su vez usando el árbol de decisiones se obtuvo que los puntos críticos de control que deben ser monitoreados y tratados son en las estepas de almacenado y distribución dado a que después de cada una de estas etapas no existe ningún otro proceso que permita el arreglo del producto final. En conclusión, el análisis revela la existencia de factores que deben ser atendidos. Los problemas significativos identificados están relacionados específicamente con el marketing y la conservación de la cadena de frío, así como los riesgos biológicos dentro de los procesos de almacenamiento y distribución, los cuales pueden mitigarse mediante la corrección de errores. Palabras clave: Gestión de calidad; norma ISO 9001:2015; Chocolate artesanal; planta de elaborados de cacao.
这项研究的目的是在埃切安迪亚圣赫拉尔多生产商集团协会下属的 "可可生产计划 "中实施基于 ISO 9001:2015 的巧克力生产线管理系统。研究涉及通过使用 PEST 等分析技术对协会的现状进行分析诊断；还应用了 SWOT 分析，确定了机会和优势等积极指标以及弱点和威胁等消极指标。使用帕累托图表确定了关键控制点，发现冷藏线不足是产品出现问题的主要原因，其次是温度过低，在生产 60% 可可巧克力的过程中，发现这些原因位于产品的生产和分销阶段、反过来，利用决策树可以发现，应该监控和处理的关键控制点在储存和分销阶段，因为在这两个阶段之后就没有其他工序可以安排最终产品了。总之，分析表明存在一些需要解决的因素。发现的重大问题具体涉及营销和冷链保存，以及储存和分销过程中的生物危害，这些问题可以通过纠正错误来缓解。关键词： 质量管理；ISO 9001:2015；手工巧克力；可可加工厂。
{"title":"Implementacion de un sistema ISO 9001:2015 para la producción de chocolates artesanales en Asociación “Planta de elaborados de cacao”, Echeandía.","authors":"Angélica Tigre León, María Belén Bravo, Arturo Rojas Sánchez, Lourdes Pazmiño Mantilla, Favian Bayas Morejón","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.3","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de esta investigación fue implementar un sistema de gestión para una línea de bombones basado en la normativa ISO 9001:2015 en la \"PLANTA DE ELABORADOS DE CACAO\" perteneciente a la Asociación de Grupo de Productoras de San Gerardo en Echeandía, El estudio involucró analizar el diagnóstico del estado actual de la asociación mediante el uso de técnicas de análisis como PEST; También se aplicó el análisis FODA, identificando indicadores positivos como oportunidades y fortalezas, así como indicadores negativos como debilidades y amenazas. Los puntos críticos de control se identificaron mediante el Diagrama de Pareto donde se obtuvo que la insuficiente línea de frio es la principal causa de los problemas en el producto, seguido por el temperador pequeño, en la producción de bombones al 60% de cacao se identificó que estas causas se ubican en la etapa de producción y distribución del producto, a su vez usando el árbol de decisiones se obtuvo que los puntos críticos de control que deben ser monitoreados y tratados son en las estepas de almacenado y distribución dado a que después de cada una de estas etapas no existe ningún otro proceso que permita el arreglo del producto final. En conclusión, el análisis revela la existencia de factores que deben ser atendidos. Los problemas significativos identificados están relacionados específicamente con el marketing y la conservación de la cadena de frío, así como los riesgos biológicos dentro de los procesos de almacenamiento y distribución, los cuales pueden mitigarse mediante la corrección de errores.\u0000 \u0000Palabras clave: Gestión de calidad; norma ISO 9001:2015; Chocolate artesanal; planta de elaborados de cacao.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"165 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.76
A. Jebur, Raghda A El-Sayed, F. El-Demerdash
Fenvalerate (FEN) is one of the widely utilized synthetic pyrethroids that may negatively impact male fertility in animals and people, while the potential mechanism is still unknown. This study aimed to assess lycopene’s potential therapeutic value in protecting male rats from testicular damage and oxidative stress caused by FEN. In our investigation, 28 male rats were randomized into four groups at random: lycopene (10 mg/kg BW), FEN (20 mg/kg BW), and lycopene plus FEN. The rats got their doses orally by gavage each day for four weeks. Animals that had consumed FEN showed high levels of hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, phosphatases, and aminotransferases. However, there was a considerable drop in antioxidant enzyme activity, glutathione, and protein content. Significant changes in testosterone, luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, and sperm quality were also found. In addition, the expression of caspases 3 and 8 in rat testes was significantly upregulated. Biochemical, molecular, spermatological, and histological alterations have all been brought back to normal by lycopene. These findings imply that lycopene may have antioxidant and preventive properties against testicular damage brought on by FEN. Keywords: Fenvalerate; Lycopene; Apoptosis; Semen quality; Oxidative stress.
{"title":"Lycopene modulates testicular injury oxidative stress and caspases upregulation induced by fenvalerate in male rats","authors":"A. Jebur, Raghda A El-Sayed, F. El-Demerdash","doi":"10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.04.76","url":null,"abstract":"Fenvalerate (FEN) is one of the widely utilized synthetic pyrethroids that may negatively impact male fertility in animals and people, while the potential mechanism is still unknown. This study aimed to assess lycopene’s potential therapeutic value in protecting male rats from testicular damage and oxidative stress caused by FEN. In our investigation, 28 male rats were randomized into four groups at random: lycopene (10 mg/kg BW), FEN (20 mg/kg BW), and lycopene plus FEN. The rats got their doses orally by gavage each day for four weeks. Animals that had consumed FEN showed high levels of hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, phosphatases, and aminotransferases. However, there was a considerable drop in antioxidant enzyme activity, glutathione, and protein content. Significant changes in testosterone, luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, and sperm quality were also found. In addition, the expression of caspases 3 and 8 in rat testes was significantly upregulated. Biochemical, molecular, spermatological, and histological alterations have all been brought back to normal by lycopene. These findings imply that lycopene may have antioxidant and preventive properties against testicular damage brought on by FEN.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Fenvalerate; Lycopene; Apoptosis; Semen quality; Oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":9036,"journal":{"name":"Bionatura","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：