首页 > 最新文献

BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

英文 中文
Effect of host breeds on gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in commercial pigs. 宿主品种对商品猪肠道微生物组和粪便代谢组的影响
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04308-0
Sui Liufu, Kaiming Wang, Bohe Chen, Wenwu Chen, Xiaolin Liu, Sheng Wen, Xintong Li, Dong Xu, Haiming Ma

Background: Gut microbial composition and its metabolites are crucial for livestock production performance. Metabolite profiles from autopsied biospecimens provide vital information on the basic mechanisms that affect the overall health and production traits in livestock animals. However, the role of the host breed in the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome of commercial pigs remains unclear. In this work, differences in microbiota composition among three commercial pig breeds Duroc, Yorkshire, and Landrace were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fecal metabolite compositions of the three pig breeds were detected using untargeted metabolomics.

Results: There were significant differences in the gut microbiomes of the three species, indicating that host breed affects the diversity and structure of gut microbiota. Several breed-associated microorganisms were identified at different taxonomic levels. Notely, most microbial taxa were annotated as Lactobacillacea, Muribaculaceae, and Oscillospiraceae. Several bacteria, including Lactobacillus, Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium, Oscillospira, Oscillospiraceae_UCG-002, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, could be considered as biomarkers for improving the backfat thickness (BF) for commercial pigs. Additionally, KEGG analysis of gut microbiota further revealed that arginine biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis varied greatly among pig breeds. Multiple gut bacterial metabolites (e.g., spermidine, estradiol, and palmitic acid) were identified as breed-associated. Mediation analysis ultimately revealed the cross-talk among gut microbiota, metabolites, and BF thickness, proclaiming that the microbial and metabolic biomarkers identified in this study could be used as biomarkers for improving BF phenotype.

Conclusions: This work provides vital insights into breed effects on gut microbiota and metabolite compositions of commercial pigs and uncovers potential biomarkers that are significant for pig breed improvement.

背景:肠道微生物组成及其代谢物对家畜的生产性能至关重要。尸检生物样本中的代谢物图谱提供了有关影响家畜整体健康和生产性状的基本机制的重要信息。然而,宿主品种在商品猪肠道微生物组和粪便代谢组中的作用仍不清楚。在这项工作中,通过 16S rRNA 基因测序测定了杜洛克、约克夏和兰德瑞斯三个商品猪品种之间微生物群组成的差异。利用非靶向代谢组学检测了这三个猪种的粪便代谢物组成:结果:三种猪的肠道微生物组存在明显差异,表明宿主品种会影响肠道微生物群的多样性和结构。在不同的分类水平上发现了几种与品种相关的微生物。值得注意的是,大多数微生物类群都被注释为乳酸菌科(Lactobacillacea)、栗杆菌科(Muribaculaceae)和鞘翅目(Oscillospiraceae)。一些细菌,包括乳酸杆菌、Subdoligranulum、Faecalibacterium、Oscillospira、Oscillospiraceae_UCG-002 和 Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,可被视为改善商品猪背膘厚度(BF)的生物标志物。此外,对肠道微生物群的 KEGG 分析进一步表明,精氨酸生物合成、丙酮酸代谢和脂肪酸生物合成在不同猪种之间存在很大差异。多种肠道细菌代谢物(如亚精胺、雌二醇和棕榈酸)被确定为与品种相关。中介分析最终揭示了肠道微生物群、代谢物和BF厚度之间的相互关系,这表明本研究中确定的微生物和代谢生物标记物可用作改善BF表型的生物标记物:这项工作为了解猪种对商品猪肠道微生物群和代谢物组成的影响提供了重要依据,并发现了对猪种改良具有重要意义的潜在生物标志物。
{"title":"Effect of host breeds on gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in commercial pigs.","authors":"Sui Liufu, Kaiming Wang, Bohe Chen, Wenwu Chen, Xiaolin Liu, Sheng Wen, Xintong Li, Dong Xu, Haiming Ma","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04308-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04308-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gut microbial composition and its metabolites are crucial for livestock production performance. Metabolite profiles from autopsied biospecimens provide vital information on the basic mechanisms that affect the overall health and production traits in livestock animals. However, the role of the host breed in the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome of commercial pigs remains unclear. In this work, differences in microbiota composition among three commercial pig breeds Duroc, Yorkshire, and Landrace were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fecal metabolite compositions of the three pig breeds were detected using untargeted metabolomics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in the gut microbiomes of the three species, indicating that host breed affects the diversity and structure of gut microbiota. Several breed-associated microorganisms were identified at different taxonomic levels. Notely, most microbial taxa were annotated as Lactobacillacea, Muribaculaceae, and Oscillospiraceae. Several bacteria, including Lactobacillus, Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium, Oscillospira, Oscillospiraceae_UCG-002, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, could be considered as biomarkers for improving the backfat thickness (BF) for commercial pigs. Additionally, KEGG analysis of gut microbiota further revealed that arginine biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis varied greatly among pig breeds. Multiple gut bacterial metabolites (e.g., spermidine, estradiol, and palmitic acid) were identified as breed-associated. Mediation analysis ultimately revealed the cross-talk among gut microbiota, metabolites, and BF thickness, proclaiming that the microbial and metabolic biomarkers identified in this study could be used as biomarkers for improving BF phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work provides vital insights into breed effects on gut microbiota and metabolite compositions of commercial pigs and uncovers potential biomarkers that are significant for pig breed improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
First molecular investigation to detect avian Mycoplasma species in clinical samples from laying-hen farms in Tunisia. 首次从突尼斯蛋鸡养殖场的临床样本中检测禽支原体的分子调查。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04311-5
Soumaya Sabri, Lamia Khannous, Séverine Ferré, Adel Souissi, Radhouane Gdoura, Anne V Gautier-Bouchardon

Background: Avian mycoplasmas are known pathogens, which cause severe economic losses in poultry flocks. PCR is a rapid, sensitive, and less expensive diagnostic tool than culture for the identification of mycoplasmas in poultry farms. The objective of this study was to determine by PCR the presence of Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), and Mycoplasma pullorum (MP) in laying hens located in the Sfax region, in the South of Tunisia.

Results: A total of 781 tracheal swabs were collected from 13 laying-hen farms without clinical signs at the date of sampling. MP was detected by a newly described specific PCR assay. The prevalence calculated from PCR results at the flock level was 100% for Mycoplasma spp., 0% for MG, 84.6% for MS and 61.5% for MP. The overall prevalence at the animal level was 38.7% for Mycoplasma spp., 0% for MG, 25% for MS and 6.4% for MP. The overall prevalence of 100% of avian mycoplasmas in laying-hen farms (38.7% prevalence at the animal level) shows an alarming situation.

Conclusions: These results underline the importance of monitoring the emergence and spread of Mycoplasma strains in farms in order to decrease economic losses due to mycoplasmoses.

背景:禽支原体是已知的病原体,会给禽群造成严重的经济损失。与培养法相比,PCR 是一种快速、灵敏且成本较低的诊断工具,可用于鉴定家禽养殖场中的支原体。本研究的目的是通过 PCR 确定突尼斯南部斯法克斯地区蛋鸡中是否存在支原体属、胆囊支原体(MG)、滑液囊支原体(MS)和拉氏支原体(MP):从 13 个蛋鸡养殖场共采集了 781 份气管拭子,采样时未发现临床症状。采用一种新的特异性 PCR 方法检测 MP。根据 PCR 结果计算出的鸡群流行率为:支原体 100%、MG 0%、MS 84.6%、MP 61.5%。在动物层面,支原体的总体流行率为 38.7%,MG 为 0%,MS 为 25%,MP 为 6.4%。蛋鸡养殖场禽支原体的总体流行率为 100%(动物水平的流行率为 38.7%),情况令人担忧:这些结果凸显了监测养殖场支原体菌株的出现和传播以减少支原体病造成的经济损失的重要性。
{"title":"First molecular investigation to detect avian Mycoplasma species in clinical samples from laying-hen farms in Tunisia.","authors":"Soumaya Sabri, Lamia Khannous, Séverine Ferré, Adel Souissi, Radhouane Gdoura, Anne V Gautier-Bouchardon","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04311-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04311-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Avian mycoplasmas are known pathogens, which cause severe economic losses in poultry flocks. PCR is a rapid, sensitive, and less expensive diagnostic tool than culture for the identification of mycoplasmas in poultry farms. The objective of this study was to determine by PCR the presence of Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), and Mycoplasma pullorum (MP) in laying hens located in the Sfax region, in the South of Tunisia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 781 tracheal swabs were collected from 13 laying-hen farms without clinical signs at the date of sampling. MP was detected by a newly described specific PCR assay. The prevalence calculated from PCR results at the flock level was 100% for Mycoplasma spp., 0% for MG, 84.6% for MS and 61.5% for MP. The overall prevalence at the animal level was 38.7% for Mycoplasma spp., 0% for MG, 25% for MS and 6.4% for MP. The overall prevalence of 100% of avian mycoplasmas in laying-hen farms (38.7% prevalence at the animal level) shows an alarming situation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results underline the importance of monitoring the emergence and spread of Mycoplasma strains in farms in order to decrease economic losses due to mycoplasmoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The comparative morphology of the oral cavity glands in captive South African painted dogs (Lycaon pictus pictus) and captive fennec foxes (Vulpes zerda) (Carnivora: Canidae). 人工饲养的南非画眉狗(Lycaon pictus pictus)和人工饲养的芬尼克狐(Vulpes zerda)(食肉目:犬科)口腔腺体的比较形态。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04305-3
Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot, Krzysztof Stegmann, Arkadiusz Dziech, Gabriela Jędrszczyk, Igor Jucenco, Karolina Barszcz, Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk

Background: The African painted dog is classified as a relic canid lineage, inhabiting areas south of the Sahara. The fennec fox is the smallest member of the Canidae family, found in the Arabian Peninsula and northern Sahara.

Methods: The gross anatomy and light microscopic examination of the oral cavity glands were studied in five adult captive South African painted dogs and five adult captive fennec foxes from the Wroclaw Zoological Garden, Poland. In this research, the zygomatic gland, monostomatic sublingual gland, polystomatic sublingual gland, mandibular gland, and parotid gland were examined for their topography, morphometry, histology, and histochemistry using hematoxylin and eosin, azan trichrome, mucicarmine, PAS, AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5, AB pH 2.5 PAS, and HID.

Results: We found that the parotid glands were consistently the largest, followed by the mandibular and sublingual glands (both monostomatic and polystomatic). The zygomatic gland was the smallest in both South African painted dogs and fennec foxes. Interestingly, there were noticeable differences in the size, shape, and even composition of the secretory products between the two species. The zygomatic and polystomatic sublingual glands in the South African painted dog and the fennec fox were complex branched tubular. In the South African painted dog, the monostomatic gland was a branched tubular compound gland, while in the fennec fox, it was a branched tubuloalveolar compound gland. The mandibular gland in hunting dogs was a branched tubular compound gland, while in the fennec fox a branched tubuloalveolar compound gland. The parotid gland in the fennec fox was a branched acinar compound gland, whereas in the painted dog was a branched tubuloacinar.

Conclusions: The basic structure of their glands is similar to that of other terrestrial carnivores, indicating a shared evolutionary origin and function. However, differences in the composition of their secretory products can reflect adaptations to their specific diets. This research provides valuable insights for veterinary medicine and underscores the importance of further studies. By analyzing wild canid populations and including a broader range of species with diverse diets, we could gain a deeper understanding of how diet influences salivary gland morphology within the Canidae.

背景:非洲彩绘犬被归类为犬科遗种,栖息在撒哈拉以南地区。非洲狐是犬科中体型最小的成员,分布在阿拉伯半岛和撒哈拉沙漠北部:方法:对波兰弗罗茨瓦夫动物园圈养的五只成年南非彩绘犬和五只成年芬内克狐进行了口腔腺体的大体解剖和光学显微镜检查。在这项研究中,使用苏木精和伊红、天山三色、粘液胭脂红、PAS、AB pH 1.0、AB pH 2.5、AB pH 2.5 PAS 和 HID 对颧腺、单颌舌下腺、多颌舌下腺、下颌腺和腮腺的地形、形态、组织学和组织化学进行了检查:我们发现腮腺一直是最大的腺体,其次是下颌腺和舌下腺(包括单侧和多侧)。南非彩绘犬和芬尼克狐的颧腺最小。有趣的是,这两个物种的分泌物在大小、形状甚至成分上都存在明显差异。南非彩绘犬和芬尼克狐的颧腺和多囊舌下腺呈复杂的分枝管状。南非彩绘犬的单口腺是一种支化管状复合腺,而芬纳克狐的单口腺是一种支化管状耳泡复合腺。狩猎犬的下颌腺是一个分枝管状复合腺,而芬纳克狐的下颌腺是一个分枝管状齿槽复合腺。芬尼克狐的腮腺是分枝针状复合腺,而彩绘犬的腮腺是分枝管状针状复合腺:结论:狐狸腺体的基本结构与其他陆生食肉动物相似,这表明它们有着共同的进化起源和功能。然而,其分泌产物成分的差异可能反映了它们对特定饮食的适应性。这项研究为兽医学提供了宝贵的见解,并强调了进一步研究的重要性。通过分析野生犬科动物种群,并纳入更多不同饮食的物种,我们可以更深入地了解饮食如何影响犬科动物的唾液腺形态。
{"title":"The comparative morphology of the oral cavity glands in captive South African painted dogs (Lycaon pictus pictus) and captive fennec foxes (Vulpes zerda) (Carnivora: Canidae).","authors":"Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot, Krzysztof Stegmann, Arkadiusz Dziech, Gabriela Jędrszczyk, Igor Jucenco, Karolina Barszcz, Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04305-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04305-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The African painted dog is classified as a relic canid lineage, inhabiting areas south of the Sahara. The fennec fox is the smallest member of the Canidae family, found in the Arabian Peninsula and northern Sahara.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The gross anatomy and light microscopic examination of the oral cavity glands were studied in five adult captive South African painted dogs and five adult captive fennec foxes from the Wroclaw Zoological Garden, Poland. In this research, the zygomatic gland, monostomatic sublingual gland, polystomatic sublingual gland, mandibular gland, and parotid gland were examined for their topography, morphometry, histology, and histochemistry using hematoxylin and eosin, azan trichrome, mucicarmine, PAS, AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5, AB pH 2.5 PAS, and HID.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the parotid glands were consistently the largest, followed by the mandibular and sublingual glands (both monostomatic and polystomatic). The zygomatic gland was the smallest in both South African painted dogs and fennec foxes. Interestingly, there were noticeable differences in the size, shape, and even composition of the secretory products between the two species. The zygomatic and polystomatic sublingual glands in the South African painted dog and the fennec fox were complex branched tubular. In the South African painted dog, the monostomatic gland was a branched tubular compound gland, while in the fennec fox, it was a branched tubuloalveolar compound gland. The mandibular gland in hunting dogs was a branched tubular compound gland, while in the fennec fox a branched tubuloalveolar compound gland. The parotid gland in the fennec fox was a branched acinar compound gland, whereas in the painted dog was a branched tubuloacinar.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The basic structure of their glands is similar to that of other terrestrial carnivores, indicating a shared evolutionary origin and function. However, differences in the composition of their secretory products can reflect adaptations to their specific diets. This research provides valuable insights for veterinary medicine and underscores the importance of further studies. By analyzing wild canid populations and including a broader range of species with diverse diets, we could gain a deeper understanding of how diet influences salivary gland morphology within the Canidae.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immune modulatory effects of tulathromycin, gamithromycin, and oxytetracycline in cattle. 土拉霉素、加美霉素和土霉素对牛的免疫调节作用
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04254-x
W Wheat, L Chow, K Still-Brooks, R Moore-Foster, J Herman, R Hunter, F Garry, S Dow

Certain classes of antibiotics, including tetracyclines and macrolides, are known to exert immune suppressive effects in other species but the immune modulatory effects of these antibiotics have not been previously studied in cattle. To address this question, we investigated the effects of oxytetracycline, gamithromycin, and tulathromycin on T cell and macrophage responses to activation, using in vitro assays. In addition, we assessed the impact of these antibiotics on T cell responses in vivo following treatment of healthy cattle with currently recommended doses of each of the three antibiotics. We found that all 3 antibiotics markedly suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro at relevant therapeutic drug concentrations and significantly suppressed macrophage activation responses to LPS. In cattle treated with a single dose of each antibiotic, we observed significant suppression of T cell proliferation and cytokine production beginning as early as 6 h after administration, with increasing immune suppression observed at 48 h. Taken together, these results indicate that commonly used antibiotics in cattle exert significant immune modulatory activity, in addition to their antimicrobial activity. These off-target effects should be considered when using antibiotics for prophylaxis or metaphylaxis in high-risk dairy or beef cattle (192 words).

众所周知,某些抗生素(包括四环素类和大环内酯类)在其他物种中具有免疫抑制作用,但这些抗生素的免疫调节作用以前从未在牛身上进行过研究。为了解决这个问题,我们利用体外试验研究了土霉素、加红霉素和妥拉霉素对 T 细胞和巨噬细胞活化反应的影响。此外,我们还评估了这些抗生素对体内 T 细胞反应的影响,即用目前推荐剂量的这三种抗生素分别治疗健康牛。我们发现,在相关治疗药物浓度下,这三种抗生素都能明显抑制体外 T 细胞的增殖,并显著抑制巨噬细胞对 LPS 的活化反应。在单剂量使用每种抗生素治疗的牛中,我们观察到 T 细胞增殖和细胞因子的产生早在用药后 6 小时就开始受到显著抑制,48 小时后免疫抑制作用逐渐增强。在对高风险奶牛或肉牛使用抗生素进行预防性或变态反应性治疗时,应考虑这些脱靶效应(192 字)。
{"title":"Immune modulatory effects of tulathromycin, gamithromycin, and oxytetracycline in cattle.","authors":"W Wheat, L Chow, K Still-Brooks, R Moore-Foster, J Herman, R Hunter, F Garry, S Dow","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04254-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04254-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain classes of antibiotics, including tetracyclines and macrolides, are known to exert immune suppressive effects in other species but the immune modulatory effects of these antibiotics have not been previously studied in cattle. To address this question, we investigated the effects of oxytetracycline, gamithromycin, and tulathromycin on T cell and macrophage responses to activation, using in vitro assays. In addition, we assessed the impact of these antibiotics on T cell responses in vivo following treatment of healthy cattle with currently recommended doses of each of the three antibiotics. We found that all 3 antibiotics markedly suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro at relevant therapeutic drug concentrations and significantly suppressed macrophage activation responses to LPS. In cattle treated with a single dose of each antibiotic, we observed significant suppression of T cell proliferation and cytokine production beginning as early as 6 h after administration, with increasing immune suppression observed at 48 h. Taken together, these results indicate that commonly used antibiotics in cattle exert significant immune modulatory activity, in addition to their antimicrobial activity. These off-target effects should be considered when using antibiotics for prophylaxis or metaphylaxis in high-risk dairy or beef cattle (192 words).</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nanoremediation of tilapia fish culture using iron oxide nanoparticles biosynthesized by Bacillus subtilis and immobilized in a free-floating macroporous cryogel. 使用由枯草芽孢杆菌生物合成并固定在自由浮动大孔冷冻凝胶中的氧化铁纳米颗粒对罗非鱼养殖进行纳米补救。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04292-5
Basma Sheta, Mohammed El-Zahed, Mona Nawareg, Zeinab Elkhiary, Salahuddin Sadek, Ayman Hyder

Background and aim: Contamination from increased anthropogenic activities poses a threat to human health as well as the ecosystem. To develop a nanotechnological approach to improve aqua fisheries, we synthesized magnetic hematite nanoparticle-based gel and evaluated its efficacy in a cadmium-polluted closed system to decontaminate water and improve tilapia fish health.

Methods: Green iron oxide nanoparticles were biosynthesized by the metabolite of bacillus subtilis and incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol to construct a hydrogel by cryogelation.

Key findings: The cryogel had interconnected macropores with diameters widely ranging between 20 and 200 μm and could be free-floating in water. When applied in cadmium-polluted tilapia culture, this nanogel reduced turbidity and ammonia in the aquarium, adsorbed cadmium from the water with a larger quantity on the gel's outer surface than in its center., and reduced cadmium concentration in tilapia's liver, gills, and muscles. Application of this nano-based cryogel reduced the toxic effects of cadmium on tilapia fish. It maintained hepatic and renal cell nuclear integrity as determined by comet assay. This nano-treatment also reversed the cadmium-induced elevations of plasma lipids, glucose, stress marker cortisol, the hepatic enzymes AST and ALT, and the kidney function marker urea, and improved the lymphocytopenia and other hematological functions in tilapia fish intoxicated by cadmium.

背景和目的:人类活动增加所造成的污染对人类健康和生态系统构成威胁。为了开发一种改善水产渔业的纳米技术方法,我们合成了基于磁性赤铁矿纳米颗粒的凝胶,并评估了其在镉污染封闭系统中净化水质和改善罗非鱼健康的功效:方法:利用枯草芽孢杆菌的代谢产物生物合成绿色氧化铁纳米粒子,并将其与聚乙烯醇结合,通过冷凝胶法构建水凝胶:该冷凝胶具有相互连接的大孔隙,直径在 20 至 200 μm 之间,可在水中自由浮动。将这种纳米凝胶应用于受镉污染的罗非鱼养殖中,可降低水族箱中的浑浊度和氨氮,凝胶外表面对水中镉的吸附量大于凝胶中心,并可降低罗非鱼肝脏、鳃和肌肉中的镉浓度。使用这种纳米低温凝胶可减少镉对罗非鱼的毒性影响。根据彗星试验的测定,它能保持肝细胞和肾细胞核的完整性。这种纳米处理还能逆转镉引起的血脂、血糖、应激标志物皮质醇、肝酶 AST 和 ALT 以及肾功能标志物尿素的升高,并改善镉中毒罗非鱼的淋巴细胞减少和其他血液学功能。
{"title":"Nanoremediation of tilapia fish culture using iron oxide nanoparticles biosynthesized by Bacillus subtilis and immobilized in a free-floating macroporous cryogel.","authors":"Basma Sheta, Mohammed El-Zahed, Mona Nawareg, Zeinab Elkhiary, Salahuddin Sadek, Ayman Hyder","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04292-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04292-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Contamination from increased anthropogenic activities poses a threat to human health as well as the ecosystem. To develop a nanotechnological approach to improve aqua fisheries, we synthesized magnetic hematite nanoparticle-based gel and evaluated its efficacy in a cadmium-polluted closed system to decontaminate water and improve tilapia fish health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Green iron oxide nanoparticles were biosynthesized by the metabolite of bacillus subtilis and incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol to construct a hydrogel by cryogelation.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>The cryogel had interconnected macropores with diameters widely ranging between 20 and 200 μm and could be free-floating in water. When applied in cadmium-polluted tilapia culture, this nanogel reduced turbidity and ammonia in the aquarium, adsorbed cadmium from the water with a larger quantity on the gel's outer surface than in its center., and reduced cadmium concentration in tilapia's liver, gills, and muscles. Application of this nano-based cryogel reduced the toxic effects of cadmium on tilapia fish. It maintained hepatic and renal cell nuclear integrity as determined by comet assay. This nano-treatment also reversed the cadmium-induced elevations of plasma lipids, glucose, stress marker cortisol, the hepatic enzymes AST and ALT, and the kidney function marker urea, and improved the lymphocytopenia and other hematological functions in tilapia fish intoxicated by cadmium.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Awareness and perceptions of poultry keepers about the prevalence of Fowl typhoid in chickens kept in Dodoma, Tanzania. 坦桑尼亚多多马家禽饲养者对鸡伤寒流行率的认识和看法。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04299-y
Kelvin Ngongolo

Chicken production in Tanzania provides opportunity to local communities in terms of employment, increased income, food security, and manure for cropping. However, diseases like fowl typhoid remain a challenge to livestock keepers. This study was aimed at understanding the attitude and awareness of Poultry keepers about the prevalence of fowl typhoid in chickens kept in Dodoma. A cross-sectional survey using semi-structured interviews was employed to understand farmers' perception of the prevalence of fowl typhoid and associated risk factors amongst poultry farmers in three wards in Dodoma, namely, Nkuhungu, Msalato, and Mnadani. The overall prevalence of fowl typhoid among farmers was 22.30%, with significant differences being noticed in the first quarter (January-March) and the third quarter (July-September) (P < 0.05). Factors such as age and sex, flock size, and management practices influence the prevalence of fowl typhoid significantly (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the farmers had challenges accessing the veterinary services due to their unawareness, the availability of the service, and their distance from the service. The control strategies for fowl typhoid should consider the influencing factors while improving the accessibility and availability of veterinary services to farmers.

坦桑尼亚的养鸡业为当地社区提供了就业、增收、食品安全和种植肥料的机会。然而,鸡伤寒等疾病仍然是家畜饲养者面临的挑战。本研究旨在了解家禽饲养者对多多马地区鸡伤寒流行率的态度和认识。研究采用半结构式访谈法进行横断面调查,以了解多多马三个区(Nkuhungu、Msalato和Mnadani)的家禽饲养者对鸡伤寒流行率及相关风险因素的看法。养殖户中鸡伤寒的总体流行率为 22.30%,第一季度(1 月至 3 月)和第三季度(7 月至 9 月)之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。
{"title":"Awareness and perceptions of poultry keepers about the prevalence of Fowl typhoid in chickens kept in Dodoma, Tanzania.","authors":"Kelvin Ngongolo","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04299-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04299-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chicken production in Tanzania provides opportunity to local communities in terms of employment, increased income, food security, and manure for cropping. However, diseases like fowl typhoid remain a challenge to livestock keepers. This study was aimed at understanding the attitude and awareness of Poultry keepers about the prevalence of fowl typhoid in chickens kept in Dodoma. A cross-sectional survey using semi-structured interviews was employed to understand farmers' perception of the prevalence of fowl typhoid and associated risk factors amongst poultry farmers in three wards in Dodoma, namely, Nkuhungu, Msalato, and Mnadani. The overall prevalence of fowl typhoid among farmers was 22.30%, with significant differences being noticed in the first quarter (January-March) and the third quarter (July-September) (P < 0.05). Factors such as age and sex, flock size, and management practices influence the prevalence of fowl typhoid significantly (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the farmers had challenges accessing the veterinary services due to their unawareness, the availability of the service, and their distance from the service. The control strategies for fowl typhoid should consider the influencing factors while improving the accessibility and availability of veterinary services to farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
pUS6 in pseudorabies virus participates in the process of inhibiting antigen presentation by inhibiting the assembly of peptide loading complex. 伪狂犬病毒中的 pUS6 通过抑制肽装载复合物的组装,参与抑制抗原递呈的过程。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04294-3
Ningning Ma, Yawei Sun, Chenmeng Ding, Yongtao Li, Linyang Yu, Lu Chen

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) can establish lifelong latent infection in peripheral nervous ganglion, and persistent infections in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Establishing an infection in the lymphocytes does not only enable the PRV to escape host immune surveillance but pass through the placental barrier, leading to fetal death and abortion. Due to the pathogenicity of the PRV, it poses a huge challenge in its prevention and control. The PRV escapes host immunity through downregulation of swine leukocyte antigen class I (SLA I) molecules on infected cells. However, data on the molecular mechanisms of the SLA I suppression remains scant. Here, in order to verify the effect of candidate proteins PRV pUL44 and pUS6 on PRV immune escape related molecules SLA I and peptide loading complex (PLC), we detected the expression of SLA I and PLC components after expressing PRV pUL44 and pUS6. The effects of pUS6 and pUL44 on SLA I and PLC were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot at mRNA and protein level, respectively. Cells expressing pUS6 or pUL44 genes showed a significantly suppressed expression of surface and total SLA I molecules. In addition, unlike UL44, the US6 gene was shown to downregulate the transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1), TAP2 and Tapasin molecules. The results show that PRV pUS6 may participate in virus immune escape by directly regulating the SLA I, TAP dimer and Tapasin molecules, thus blocking the transportation of TAP-bound peptides to the ER to bind SLA I molecules. We provide a theoretical basis on the mechanism of TAP mediated immune escape by the PRV.

伪狂犬病毒(PRV)可在外周神经节中建立终身潜伏感染,并在外周血淋巴细胞中建立持续感染。在淋巴细胞中建立感染不仅能使 PRV 逃避宿主的免疫监视,还能穿过胎盘屏障,导致胎儿死亡和流产。由于 PRV 的致病性,它给预防和控制工作带来了巨大挑战。PRV 通过下调感染细胞上的猪白细胞抗原 I 类(SLA I)分子来逃避宿主免疫。然而,有关抑制 SLA I 的分子机制的数据仍然很少。在此,为了验证候选蛋白PRV pUL44和pUS6对PRV免疫逃逸相关分子SLA I和肽装载复合体(PLC)的影响,我们检测了表达PRV pUL44和pUS6后SLA I和PLC成分的表达。pUS6 和 pUL44 对 SLA I 和 PLC 的影响分别在 mRNA 和蛋白水平上通过 qRT-PCR 和 Western 印迹进行了分析。表达 pUS6 或 pUL44 基因的细胞明显抑制了表面和总 SLA I 分子的表达。此外,与 UL44 不同的是,US6 基因会下调与抗原处理相关的转运体 1(TAP1)、TAP2 和 Tapasin 分子。研究结果表明,PRV pUS6 可能通过直接调控 SLA I、TAP 二聚体和 Tapasin 分子,从而阻断 TAP 结合肽向 ER 运输以结合 SLA I 分子,参与病毒的免疫逃逸。我们为 PRV 通过 TAP 介导的免疫逃逸机制提供了理论依据。
{"title":"pUS6 in pseudorabies virus participates in the process of inhibiting antigen presentation by inhibiting the assembly of peptide loading complex.","authors":"Ningning Ma, Yawei Sun, Chenmeng Ding, Yongtao Li, Linyang Yu, Lu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04294-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04294-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) can establish lifelong latent infection in peripheral nervous ganglion, and persistent infections in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Establishing an infection in the lymphocytes does not only enable the PRV to escape host immune surveillance but pass through the placental barrier, leading to fetal death and abortion. Due to the pathogenicity of the PRV, it poses a huge challenge in its prevention and control. The PRV escapes host immunity through downregulation of swine leukocyte antigen class I (SLA I) molecules on infected cells. However, data on the molecular mechanisms of the SLA I suppression remains scant. Here, in order to verify the effect of candidate proteins PRV pUL44 and pUS6 on PRV immune escape related molecules SLA I and peptide loading complex (PLC), we detected the expression of SLA I and PLC components after expressing PRV pUL44 and pUS6. The effects of pUS6 and pUL44 on SLA I and PLC were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot at mRNA and protein level, respectively. Cells expressing pUS6 or pUL44 genes showed a significantly suppressed expression of surface and total SLA I molecules. In addition, unlike UL44, the US6 gene was shown to downregulate the transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1), TAP2 and Tapasin molecules. The results show that PRV pUS6 may participate in virus immune escape by directly regulating the SLA I, TAP dimer and Tapasin molecules, thus blocking the transportation of TAP-bound peptides to the ER to bind SLA I molecules. We provide a theoretical basis on the mechanism of TAP mediated immune escape by the PRV.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Muscle biopsy long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions, IMF and FMP in Australian pasture-based Bowen Genetics Forest Pastoral Angus, Hereford, and Wagyu Beef Cattle. 更正:澳大利亚牧场博文基因森林牧业安格斯牛、赫里福德牛和和牛的肌肉活检长链欧米加-3 多不饱和脂肪酸组成、IMF 和 FMP。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04316-0
John Roger Otto, Felista Waithira Mwangi, Shedrach Benjamin Pewan, Oyelola Abdulwasiu Adegboye, Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
{"title":"Correction: Muscle biopsy long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions, IMF and FMP in Australian pasture-based Bowen Genetics Forest Pastoral Angus, Hereford, and Wagyu Beef Cattle.","authors":"John Roger Otto, Felista Waithira Mwangi, Shedrach Benjamin Pewan, Oyelola Abdulwasiu Adegboye, Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04316-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04316-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving nutrient digestibility and health in rabbits: effect of fermented rapeseed meal supplementation on haematological and lipid parameters of blood. 提高家兔的营养消化率和健康水平:补充发酵菜籽粕对血液和血脂参数的影响
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04293-4
Anna Czech, Dorota Kowalska, Łukasz Wlazło, Paweł Bielański, Mateusz Ossowski, Bożena Nowakowicz-Dębek

Background: Many studies conducted on livestock point to fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) as a component that provides adequate quality and quantity of protein. Additionally, it is a very good source of probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and antioxidants. A study was undertaken to assess the impact of a feed supplemented with FRSM fermented with Bacillus subtilis strain 87Y on production parameters, nutrient digestibility, and haematological and lipid indicators of the blood in growing rabbits. Forty New Zealand White rabbits (body weight 816,25 ± 24,98 g) aged 35 days were used in this study. The animals were divided into four groups, a control group (C) was fed a standard diet, while in the diet of three experimental groups, soybean meal (SBM) was replaced with FRSM at 4% (FR4 group), 8% (FR8 group), or 12% (FR12 group).

Results: Detailed analysis revealed that the contribution of FRSM in the rabbit feed, regardless of the amount, had a significant effect on body weight gain (BWG), as well as average daily gain (ADG), compared to the control group (C), (P = 0.017). All groups receiving FRSM had a significantly lower (P = 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group. In rabbits fed a diet containing 8% FRSM, the blood haematological parameters, such as red blood cells (RBC), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (HGB), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), were significantly higher compared to the control group (P = 0.037). In addition, a significant reduction in the plasma levels of the low-density lipoprotein fraction (LDL-chol), the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (CHOL/HDL), (P = 0.001), and triacylglycerols (TG), (P = 0.004) were observed in the experimental groups compared to the control group.

Conclusions: Based on the encouraging outcomes, it is possible to recommend domestically produced FRSM as a viable substitute for genetically-modified (GM) SBM in rabbit feed.

背景:许多关于家畜的研究都指出,发酵菜籽粕(FRSM)是一种能提供充足蛋白质质量和数量的成分。此外,它还是益生菌、益生元、酶和抗氧化剂的良好来源。本研究旨在评估添加了枯草芽孢杆菌 87Y 菌株发酵的 FRSM 的饲料对生长兔的生产参数、营养消化率以及血液和血脂指标的影响。本研究使用了 40 只年龄为 35 天的新西兰白兔(体重为 816.25 ± 24.98 克)。动物被分为四组,对照组(C)饲喂标准日粮,而在三个实验组的日粮中,分别用 4%(FR4 组)、8%(FR8 组)或 12%(FR12 组)的 FRSM 取代豆粕(SBM):详细分析显示,与对照组(C)相比,兔饲料中 FRSM 的添加量对体重增加(BWG)和平均日增重(ADG)有显著影响(P = 0.017)。与对照组相比,所有接受 FRSM 的组的饲料转化率(FCR)都明显较低(P = 0.05)。与对照组相比,饲喂含 8%FRSM饲料的兔子的血液血液学参数,如红细胞(RBC)、血细胞比容(HCT)、血红蛋白(HGB)和平均血球容积(MCV)都明显升高(P = 0.037)。此外,与对照组相比,实验组的低密度脂蛋白部分(LDL-chol)、总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白之比(CHOL/HDL)(P = 0.001)和三酰甘油(TG)(P = 0.004)的血浆水平也明显降低:基于这些令人鼓舞的结果,可以推荐使用国产 FRSM 作为兔饲料中转基因 SBM 的可行替代品。
{"title":"Improving nutrient digestibility and health in rabbits: effect of fermented rapeseed meal supplementation on haematological and lipid parameters of blood.","authors":"Anna Czech, Dorota Kowalska, Łukasz Wlazło, Paweł Bielański, Mateusz Ossowski, Bożena Nowakowicz-Dębek","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04293-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04293-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many studies conducted on livestock point to fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) as a component that provides adequate quality and quantity of protein. Additionally, it is a very good source of probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and antioxidants. A study was undertaken to assess the impact of a feed supplemented with FRSM fermented with Bacillus subtilis strain 87Y on production parameters, nutrient digestibility, and haematological and lipid indicators of the blood in growing rabbits. Forty New Zealand White rabbits (body weight 816,25 ± 24,98 g) aged 35 days were used in this study. The animals were divided into four groups, a control group (C) was fed a standard diet, while in the diet of three experimental groups, soybean meal (SBM) was replaced with FRSM at 4% (FR4 group), 8% (FR8 group), or 12% (FR12 group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Detailed analysis revealed that the contribution of FRSM in the rabbit feed, regardless of the amount, had a significant effect on body weight gain (BWG), as well as average daily gain (ADG), compared to the control group (C), (P = 0.017). All groups receiving FRSM had a significantly lower (P = 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group. In rabbits fed a diet containing 8% FRSM, the blood haematological parameters, such as red blood cells (RBC), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (HGB), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), were significantly higher compared to the control group (P = 0.037). In addition, a significant reduction in the plasma levels of the low-density lipoprotein fraction (LDL-chol), the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (CHOL/HDL), (P = 0.001), and triacylglycerols (TG), (P = 0.004) were observed in the experimental groups compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the encouraging outcomes, it is possible to recommend domestically produced FRSM as a viable substitute for genetically-modified (GM) SBM in rabbit feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in selected districts of Borena zone, Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚博雷纳区部分地区的小反刍兽疫流行病学。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04312-4
Adem Kumbe, Haileleul Negussie, Yitbarek Getachew, Biruk Alemu, Gezahagn Alemayehu, Sisay Girma, Demeke Sibhatu, Kemal Emiyu, Hika Waktole, Samson Leta

Background: Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is a contagious disease caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). The disease poses a significant economic threat to small ruminant production in Ethiopia, particularly to the striving pastoral production system. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of PPR in the small ruminants of the Borena Zone. A total of 384 serum samples were collected randomly from sheep and goats and examined for the presence of PPRV antibodies using competition enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (c-ELISA). Additionally, a retrospective analysis of five years of outbreak data was performed to provide insight into the spatial and temporal distribution of the disease.

Results: The seroprevalence of PPRV antibodies in nonvaccinated, vaccinated, and unknown vaccination status of small ruminants in this study was found to be 32.1%, 68.8%, and 45.5%, respectively. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed a statistically significant association between PPRV seropositivity and several factors, including age, animal origin, flock size, and veterinary services status. A retrospective analysis revealed 53 PPR outbreaks in the Borena Zone from 2018 to 2022, exacerbated by low vaccination coverage relative to the at-risk animal population.

Conclusion: The study revealed significant gaps in current vaccination efforts, with herd immunity levels falling below the FAO-WOAH recommended threshold of 80%. Despite Ethiopia's ambitious goal to eradicate PPR by 2027, the frequent outbreaks and insufficient herd immunity highlight the inadequacy of the existing strategies. To effectively move toward eradication, Ethiopia must align its approach with the global PPR eradication framework, which emphasizes a comprehensive strategy that includes diagnostics, surveillance, prevention, and the establishment of a robust veterinary regulatory system, rather than relying solely on vaccination. Overcoming logistical challenges, improving vaccination coverage, and optimizing the timing of vaccination campaigns, especially in hard-to-reach areas, will be crucial for reducing outbreaks and making progress toward eradication.

背景:小反刍兽疫(PPR)是一种由小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)引起的传染性疾病。该疾病对埃塞俄比亚的小反刍动物生产,尤其是正在努力发展的畜牧生产系统构成了严重的经济威胁。我们开展了一项横断面研究,以估计博雷纳区小型反刍动物中 PPR 的血清流行率和相关风险因素。研究人员从绵羊和山羊身上随机采集了 384 份血清样本,并使用竞争酶联免疫吸附测定法(c-ELISA)检测是否存在 PPRV 抗体。此外,还对五年来的疫情数据进行了回顾性分析,以深入了解该疾病的时空分布情况:结果:在这项研究中,未接种、已接种和接种情况未知的小反刍动物的 PPRV 抗体血清流行率分别为 32.1%、68.8% 和 45.5%。多变量逻辑分析表明,PPRV 血清阳性与多种因素(包括年龄、动物来源、羊群规模和兽医服务状况)之间存在显著的统计学关联。回顾性分析显示,从2018年到2022年,博雷纳区爆发了53起PPR疫情,相对于高危动物群体而言,疫苗接种覆盖率低加剧了疫情的爆发:研究显示,目前的疫苗接种工作存在巨大差距,群体免疫水平低于粮农组织-世界卫生组织建议的 80% 的阈值。尽管埃塞俄比亚的宏伟目标是到 2027 年根除 PPR,但频繁的疫情爆发和群体免疫力不足凸显了现有战略的不足。为了有效地实现根除目标,埃塞俄比亚必须使其方法与全球根除 PPR 框架保持一致,该框架强调综合战略,包括诊断、监测、预防和建立健全的兽医监管体系,而不是仅仅依靠疫苗接种。克服后勤方面的挑战、提高疫苗接种覆盖率、优化疫苗接种活动的时间安排,尤其是在难以到达的地区,对于减少疫情爆发和在根除方面取得进展至关重要。
{"title":"Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in selected districts of Borena zone, Ethiopia.","authors":"Adem Kumbe, Haileleul Negussie, Yitbarek Getachew, Biruk Alemu, Gezahagn Alemayehu, Sisay Girma, Demeke Sibhatu, Kemal Emiyu, Hika Waktole, Samson Leta","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04312-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04312-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is a contagious disease caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). The disease poses a significant economic threat to small ruminant production in Ethiopia, particularly to the striving pastoral production system. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of PPR in the small ruminants of the Borena Zone. A total of 384 serum samples were collected randomly from sheep and goats and examined for the presence of PPRV antibodies using competition enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (c-ELISA). Additionally, a retrospective analysis of five years of outbreak data was performed to provide insight into the spatial and temporal distribution of the disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seroprevalence of PPRV antibodies in nonvaccinated, vaccinated, and unknown vaccination status of small ruminants in this study was found to be 32.1%, 68.8%, and 45.5%, respectively. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed a statistically significant association between PPRV seropositivity and several factors, including age, animal origin, flock size, and veterinary services status. A retrospective analysis revealed 53 PPR outbreaks in the Borena Zone from 2018 to 2022, exacerbated by low vaccination coverage relative to the at-risk animal population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed significant gaps in current vaccination efforts, with herd immunity levels falling below the FAO-WOAH recommended threshold of 80%. Despite Ethiopia's ambitious goal to eradicate PPR by 2027, the frequent outbreaks and insufficient herd immunity highlight the inadequacy of the existing strategies. To effectively move toward eradication, Ethiopia must align its approach with the global PPR eradication framework, which emphasizes a comprehensive strategy that includes diagnostics, surveillance, prevention, and the establishment of a robust veterinary regulatory system, rather than relying solely on vaccination. Overcoming logistical challenges, improving vaccination coverage, and optimizing the timing of vaccination campaigns, especially in hard-to-reach areas, will be crucial for reducing outbreaks and making progress toward eradication.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1