Stefano Mastrangelo, Giorgio Attina, Antonio Ruggiero
Some multithyrosine kinase inhibitors have been reported to cause changes in thyroid function. For the management of sunitinib-induced hypothyroidism, an evaluation of thyroid hormone and antibody profile is recommended before starting treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Patients with pre-existing thyroid dysfunction should undergo dose adjustment of L-thyroxine during treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thyroid dysfunction is not a reason to discontinue or reduce the dosage of sunitinib. Their occurrence appears to correlate with increased antitumour efficacy of the inhibitor. There are currently no guidelines for monitoring thyroid activity during treatment with TKIs, and the time interval at which TSH should be periodically measured has not yet been determined. A reasonable approach is to monitor thyroid function, both before and during 2-4 weeks after the end of therapy. A comprehensive analysis of adverse events associated with the use of these inhibitors could help clinical monitoring of patients along with the adoption of appropriate management approaches.
{"title":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Thyroid Toxicity","authors":"Stefano Mastrangelo, Giorgio Attina, Antonio Ruggiero","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2713","url":null,"abstract":"Some multithyrosine kinase inhibitors have been reported to cause changes in thyroid function. For the management of sunitinib-induced hypothyroidism, an evaluation of thyroid hormone and antibody profile is recommended before starting treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Patients with pre-existing thyroid dysfunction should undergo dose adjustment of L-thyroxine during treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thyroid dysfunction is not a reason to discontinue or reduce the dosage of sunitinib. Their occurrence appears to correlate with increased antitumour efficacy of the inhibitor. There are currently no guidelines for monitoring thyroid activity during treatment with TKIs, and the time interval at which TSH should be periodically measured has not yet been determined. A reasonable approach is to monitor thyroid function, both before and during 2-4 weeks after the end of therapy. A comprehensive analysis of adverse events associated with the use of these inhibitors could help clinical monitoring of patients along with the adoption of appropriate management approaches.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anwar M. M. Ezz, Omar N. ALheeti, Ahmed F. Hasan, Somaia Zaki, Ghada A. Tabl
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a far reaching ongoing metabolic problem portrayed by hyperglycemia and related with a few intricacies like hyperlipidemia. The current study aimed to study the anti-diabetic efficacy of pomegranate peel extract and L-carnitine on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. A total of 70 male rats were divided into 7 groups (normal rats treated with the pomegranate peel extract and L-carnitine; rats given a high-fat diet to cause hyperlipidemia, this rats given low-dose intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections to cause type II diabetes; diabetic rats given PPE and L-carnitine orally every day for 12 weeks. Measurements of body mass, blood sugar, lipid profile and antioxidant enzyme activity were made.Results: The treatment group that received PPE + L-carnitine showed a significant decrease in weight, blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein were significantly reduced, while high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly increased. Superoxide dismutase levels were increased, catalase and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-derived 2 (Nfe2) in diabetic rats treated with PPE and L-carnitine, while Malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly. According to the results of the study, PPE and L-carnitine had significant anti-hyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant benefits after 12 weeks of treatment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
{"title":"Anti-Diabetic Effects of Pomegranate Peel Extract and L-Carnitine on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes In Rats","authors":"Anwar M. M. Ezz, Omar N. ALheeti, Ahmed F. Hasan, Somaia Zaki, Ghada A. Tabl","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2762","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a far reaching ongoing metabolic problem portrayed by hyperglycemia and related with a few intricacies like hyperlipidemia. The current study aimed to study the anti-diabetic efficacy of pomegranate peel extract and L-carnitine on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. A total of 70 male rats were divided into 7 groups (normal rats treated with the pomegranate peel extract and L-carnitine; rats given a high-fat diet to cause hyperlipidemia, this rats given low-dose intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections to cause type II diabetes; diabetic rats given PPE and L-carnitine orally every day for 12 weeks. Measurements of body mass, blood sugar, lipid profile and antioxidant enzyme activity were made.Results: The treatment group that received PPE + L-carnitine showed a significant decrease in weight, blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein were significantly reduced, while high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly increased. Superoxide dismutase levels were increased, catalase and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-derived 2 (Nfe2) in diabetic rats treated with PPE and L-carnitine, while Malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly. According to the results of the study, PPE and L-carnitine had significant anti-hyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant benefits after 12 weeks of treatment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akhter Ahmed Ahmed, Pakhshan Abdulla Hassan, Abdulilah Saleh Ismaeil, Shahnaz Burhan Ali
Objective(s): Salmonella typhi, is a serious global health threat because it causes typhoid fever, a severe systemic infection. According to the World Health Organization, millions of cases of typhoid are recorded annually, and thousands of people die from it. To combat this pathogen, new medications are required. The current study aims to study the ability of medicinal plants (thyme and cinnamon) to modulate the properties of Salmonella typhi isolates instead of killing them. Materials and Methods: The plants were extracted with the help of solvents (ethanol and ethyl acetate) and to find out the minimum inhibitory concentration, the different concentrations were used. The biofilm and expression of genes (invA & fliC) of the bacterium were studied when exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of the plant extracts. Results: MIC values ranging between 20-25 mg/ml and 10-15 mg/ml for ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Thyme respectively. While the MIC values of cinnamon were 18-25 and 10-15 mg/ml for both ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts respectively. The examinations revealed a significant decrease in the composition of biofilms by isolates when treated with SICs from plant extracts. The transcription expression profile of invasion (invA) and flagellar (fliC) genes were downregulated when treated with the plant extracts. Conclusion: The findings indicate that both thyme and cinnamon extracts may have promising activity against the biofilm and virulence of S. typhi. Thus, they could be used as potential as an antibacterial drug.
{"title":"Weakening of Virulence Factors and Biofilm in Salmonella Typhi by Medicinal Plants Extracts","authors":"Akhter Ahmed Ahmed, Pakhshan Abdulla Hassan, Abdulilah Saleh Ismaeil, Shahnaz Burhan Ali","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2740","url":null,"abstract":"Objective(s): Salmonella typhi, is a serious global health threat because it causes typhoid fever, a severe systemic infection. According to the World Health Organization, millions of cases of typhoid are recorded annually, and thousands of people die from it. To combat this pathogen, new medications are required. The current study aims to study the ability of medicinal plants (thyme and cinnamon) to modulate the properties of Salmonella typhi isolates instead of killing them. Materials and Methods: The plants were extracted with the help of solvents (ethanol and ethyl acetate) and to find out the minimum inhibitory concentration, the different concentrations were used. The biofilm and expression of genes (invA & fliC) of the bacterium were studied when exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of the plant extracts. Results: MIC values ranging between 20-25 mg/ml and 10-15 mg/ml for ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Thyme respectively. While the MIC values of cinnamon were 18-25 and 10-15 mg/ml for both ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts respectively. The examinations revealed a significant decrease in the composition of biofilms by isolates when treated with SICs from plant extracts. The transcription expression profile of invasion (invA) and flagellar (fliC) genes were downregulated when treated with the plant extracts. Conclusion: The findings indicate that both thyme and cinnamon extracts may have promising activity against the biofilm and virulence of S. typhi. Thus, they could be used as potential as an antibacterial drug.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnica F Lal, Pushpraj S Gupta, Pramod Kumar Yadav
Immunocompromised patients get Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. P. aeruginosa's harmful effect is linked to quorum sensing (QS), which causes bacterial biofilm. Targeting QS is a promising novel method to treat P. aeruginosa infections, which are antibiotic-resistant. The Las system has garnered great interest due to LasR, the expedited gene during QS that regulates other virulence-associated genes. We used high-throughput virtual screening (VS) of Phenol Explorer to uncover a new category of LasR inhibitors that might be used as antagonists. Molecular docking-based VS against LasR (PDB: 2UV0) resulted in six best-scored compounds: Chrysin, Galangin, Coumestrol, 3',4',7- Trihydroxyisoflavanone, Dihydrodaidzein, Dihydroformononetin with docking score of -11.0 kcal/mol and a suitable ADMET profile. Six compounds were chosen for their lack of carcinogenicity in mice and rats, low molecular weight of 270 Da, and moderate to total solubility. Our current work shows that these six chemicals could block P. aeruginosa quorum sensing. Molecular dynamics investigations of a prospective therapeutic candidate (Chrysin) using Gromacs version 2022.2 demonstrated system stability; nonetheless, the antibiofilm assay showed a positive reaction against our in silico finding, suggesting a disturbance in quorum sensing regulating pathogenicity, i.e., biofilm formation. This study is the first to describe chrysin as a disruptor of quorum sensing signaling by inhibiting biofilm formation.
免疫功能低下的患者会感染铜绿假单胞菌。铜绿假单胞菌的有害影响与群体感应(QS)有关，它会导致细菌生物膜。靶向QS是治疗耐药铜绿假单胞菌感染的一种很有前景的新方法。LasR是QS过程中的加速基因，可以调节其他毒力相关基因，因此LasR系统引起了人们的极大兴趣。我们利用苯酚探索者的高通量虚拟筛选(VS)发现了一类可能用作拮抗剂的新型激光受体抑制剂。基于分子对接的LasR VS (PDB: 2UV0)得到6个得分最高的化合物:黄菊花素、高良姜素、库美斯特罗、3′，4′，7-三羟基异黄酮酮、二氢大豆苷元、二氢formononatin，对接得分为-11.0 kcal/mol，符合ADMET谱。选择的6种化合物对小鼠和大鼠没有致癌性，低分子量为270 Da，溶解度中等至全溶解度。我们目前的工作表明，这六种化学物质可以阻断铜绿假单胞菌的群体感应。使用Gromacs version 2022.2对一种前瞻性候选治疗药物(Chrysin)进行分子动力学研究，证明了系统的稳定性;尽管如此，抗生物膜实验显示出对我们的硅发现的阳性反应，这表明群体感应的干扰调节致病性，即生物膜的形成。这项研究是第一个描述菊素作为群体感应信号的干扰物通过抑制生物膜的形成。
{"title":"In silico Study of Phenol Explorer Database as Potential Inhibitors of Quorum-Sensing Regulated Pathogenicity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Arnica F Lal, Pushpraj S Gupta, Pramod Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2736","url":null,"abstract":"Immunocompromised patients get Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. P. aeruginosa's harmful effect is linked to quorum sensing (QS), which causes bacterial biofilm. Targeting QS is a promising novel method to treat P. aeruginosa infections, which are antibiotic-resistant. The Las system has garnered great interest due to LasR, the expedited gene during QS that regulates other virulence-associated genes. We used high-throughput virtual screening (VS) of Phenol Explorer to uncover a new category of LasR inhibitors that might be used as antagonists. Molecular docking-based VS against LasR (PDB: 2UV0) resulted in six best-scored compounds: Chrysin, Galangin, Coumestrol, 3',4',7- Trihydroxyisoflavanone, Dihydrodaidzein, Dihydroformononetin with docking score of -11.0 kcal/mol and a suitable ADMET profile. Six compounds were chosen for their lack of carcinogenicity in mice and rats, low molecular weight of 270 Da, and moderate to total solubility. Our current work shows that these six chemicals could block P. aeruginosa quorum sensing. Molecular dynamics investigations of a prospective therapeutic candidate (Chrysin) using Gromacs version 2022.2 demonstrated system stability; nonetheless, the antibiofilm assay showed a positive reaction against our in silico finding, suggesting a disturbance in quorum sensing regulating pathogenicity, i.e., biofilm formation. This study is the first to describe chrysin as a disruptor of quorum sensing signaling by inhibiting biofilm formation.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pharmaceutical analysis plays a significant role in pharmaceutical formulation quality assurance and control. Due to the pharmaceutical industries' rapid expansion and the production of pharmaceuticals all over the world, there is a greater need for novel analytical procedures in this sector. Establishing the identification, purity, physical properties, and potency of medications as well as the medication's bioavailability and stability is the goal of analytical method development. A few new drug applications were recently given regulatory flexibility by the Food and Drug Administration for an analytical method based on quality by design. With Quality by design, product design and development are performed methodically. Analytical methodologies have similar opportunities for implementing Quality by design as production procedures do. It consequently enhances formulation design, development efficiency, and capacity. The underpinnings of the QbD approach have been explored in this article due to their use in the creation and validation of analytical procedures. Additionally, a summary of experimental studies reporting the application of the QbD methodology to method development is included.
{"title":"Quality by Design Approach: Progress in Pharmaceutical method Development and Validation","authors":"Avinash V. Chavan, R. Gandhimathi","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2745","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical analysis plays a significant role in pharmaceutical formulation quality assurance and control. Due to the pharmaceutical industries' rapid expansion and the production of pharmaceuticals all over the world, there is a greater need for novel analytical procedures in this sector. Establishing the identification, purity, physical properties, and potency of medications as well as the medication's bioavailability and stability is the goal of analytical method development. A few new drug applications were recently given regulatory flexibility by the Food and Drug Administration for an analytical method based on quality by design. With Quality by design, product design and development are performed methodically. Analytical methodologies have similar opportunities for implementing Quality by design as production procedures do. It consequently enhances formulation design, development efficiency, and capacity. The underpinnings of the QbD approach have been explored in this article due to their use in the creation and validation of analytical procedures. Additionally, a summary of experimental studies reporting the application of the QbD methodology to method development is included.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basavaraj Poojar, Ashok Shenoy K, Ashwin Kamath, John Ramapuram, Sathish B. Rao, Sheetal Dinkar Ullal
Overall literacy talents comprise an individual’s capacity to read, write and recognise written information (print literacy), articulate and interpret oral language (oral literacy) and interpret and apply for numbers in everyday activities (numeracy). Health literacy, a subset of overall literacy talents, is relatively correlated with it and has been described as the extent to which people can gain, approach, and understand introductory medical information and services required to take health decisions. Concerning HIV, people with low health literacy have less information on the illness and their medical care needs. Moreover, they show poor drug compliance, potentially leading to treatment failure and lack of achievement of the target viral load reduction. The shortfall of non-conceptual models of health literacy is an issue in the utilization of general proficiency instruments. HIV disease-specific health literacy instruments would be more useful and likely to provide more meaningful results rather than those obtained through the use of general instruments. Further exploration of HIV health literacy is demanded. Prospective studies should involve different geographical areas with different socioeconomic characteristics, societal structures and regional healthcare settings. This narrative review has limitations. The vast majority of the HIV research referenced in this study was conducted among the western and African populations with HIV. The studies generally excluded individuals over 50 years of age, restricting the applicability of the study findings.
{"title":"Health Literacy in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: A Narrative Review","authors":"Basavaraj Poojar, Ashok Shenoy K, Ashwin Kamath, John Ramapuram, Sathish B. Rao, Sheetal Dinkar Ullal","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2726","url":null,"abstract":"Overall literacy talents comprise an individual’s capacity to read, write and recognise written information (print literacy), articulate and interpret oral language (oral literacy) and interpret and apply for numbers in everyday activities (numeracy). Health literacy, a subset of overall literacy talents, is relatively correlated with it and has been described as the extent to which people can gain, approach, and understand introductory medical information and services required to take health decisions. Concerning HIV, people with low health literacy have less information on the illness and their medical care needs. Moreover, they show poor drug compliance, potentially leading to treatment failure and lack of achievement of the target viral load reduction. The shortfall of non-conceptual models of health literacy is an issue in the utilization of general proficiency instruments. HIV disease-specific health literacy instruments would be more useful and likely to provide more meaningful results rather than those obtained through the use of general instruments. Further exploration of HIV health literacy is demanded. Prospective studies should involve different geographical areas with different socioeconomic characteristics, societal structures and regional healthcare settings. This narrative review has limitations. The vast majority of the HIV research referenced in this study was conducted among the western and African populations with HIV. The studies generally excluded individuals over 50 years of age, restricting the applicability of the study findings.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the future of Mahoni seed as an aspirant drug for treating diabetes. Mahogany seeds were washed using n-hexane solvent and followed by ethanol solvent. Extracts were measured using a standard spectrophotometric plate reader with acarbose (Glucobayâ). Glucose tolerance was tested in alloxan-challenged mice. The results indicated that the extract had potency against a-glucosidases inhibited through a non-competitive mechanism. The IC50 value of the extract is 4.7 μg/ml, which was lower than 5.7 μg/ml for acarbose and has less activity on glucose tolerance at doses of 120 and 240 mg/kg. As a conclution, purified mahogany seed extract got the ability to be developed as a new antidiabetic drug candidate.
{"title":"In Vivo and In Vitro Antidiabetic Assay of Purified Mahoni Seeds Extract (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq)","authors":"Aktsar Roskiana Ahamd, Abd. Malik, Virsa Handayani","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2748","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the future of Mahoni seed as an aspirant drug for treating diabetes. Mahogany seeds were washed using n-hexane solvent and followed by ethanol solvent. Extracts were measured using a standard spectrophotometric plate reader with acarbose (Glucobayâ). Glucose tolerance was tested in alloxan-challenged mice. The results indicated that the extract had potency against a-glucosidases inhibited through a non-competitive mechanism. The IC50 value of the extract is 4.7 μg/ml, which was lower than 5.7 μg/ml for acarbose and has less activity on glucose tolerance at doses of 120 and 240 mg/kg. As a conclution, purified mahogany seed extract got the ability to be developed as a new antidiabetic drug candidate.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widjiati Widjiati, Suryo Kuntjorodjakti, Aditya Tri Ananda, Mey Vanda Pusparina Sajida, Alivia Fairuz Ilmi, Meisa Zalfa Adisti, Dean Chou, Epy Muhammad Luqman
Livestock that has stress releases glucocorticoids in response to it, and it causes inhibition of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) signaling pathway so that it reduces reproductive efficiency. Forest honey can reduce corticosteroid levels as a stress response from physical stress induction which is expected to increase reproductive efficiency including folliculogenesis and the formation of the corpus luteum. This study aims to determine the effect of forest honey on rats (Rattus novergicus) exposed to physical stress on corticosteroid levels, folliculogenesis, and the number of corpus luteum. This study is an experimental laboratory one using 32 rats which were divided into 4 treatment groups; control positive (C) treated with physical stress, treatment 1 (T1) treated with physical stress + honey 2 g/rat/day PO, treatment 2 (T2) treated with physical stress + honey 4 g/rat/day PO and treatment 3 (T3) treated with physical stress + honey 6 g/rat/day PO. All treatments were carried out for 14 days. The results showed that T1 had the lowest corticosteroid level compared to all treatment groups and the corticosteroid level of this group was significantly different (p <0.05) compared to that of C and T3. The folliculogenesis profile showed that the number of primary secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles of group T1 was significantly different (p<0.05) compared to that of C, T2, and T3. In terms of the number of corpus luteum, it showed that T1 had the highest number of corpus luteum, and the number of corpus luteum in this group was significantly different (p<0.05) from that of C, T2, and T3. It can be concluded that the administration of forest honey at a dose of 2g/rat/day could reduce corticosteroid levels, improve the folliculogenesis profile, and increase the number of corpus luteum in rats exposed to physical stress. The use of forest honey could reduce corticosteroid levels as a stress response from physical stress induction which was expected to increase reproductive efficiency.
{"title":"The Effect of Administering Forest Honey to Rats Exposed to Physical Stress on Corticosteroid Levels, Folliculogenesis and the Number of Corpus Luteum","authors":"Widjiati Widjiati, Suryo Kuntjorodjakti, Aditya Tri Ananda, Mey Vanda Pusparina Sajida, Alivia Fairuz Ilmi, Meisa Zalfa Adisti, Dean Chou, Epy Muhammad Luqman","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2721","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock that has stress releases glucocorticoids in response to it, and it causes inhibition of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) signaling pathway so that it reduces reproductive efficiency. Forest honey can reduce corticosteroid levels as a stress response from physical stress induction which is expected to increase reproductive efficiency including folliculogenesis and the formation of the corpus luteum. This study aims to determine the effect of forest honey on rats (Rattus novergicus) exposed to physical stress on corticosteroid levels, folliculogenesis, and the number of corpus luteum. This study is an experimental laboratory one using 32 rats which were divided into 4 treatment groups; control positive (C) treated with physical stress, treatment 1 (T1) treated with physical stress + honey 2 g/rat/day PO, treatment 2 (T2) treated with physical stress + honey 4 g/rat/day PO and treatment 3 (T3) treated with physical stress + honey 6 g/rat/day PO. All treatments were carried out for 14 days. The results showed that T1 had the lowest corticosteroid level compared to all treatment groups and the corticosteroid level of this group was significantly different (p <0.05) compared to that of C and T3. The folliculogenesis profile showed that the number of primary secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles of group T1 was significantly different (p<0.05) compared to that of C, T2, and T3. In terms of the number of corpus luteum, it showed that T1 had the highest number of corpus luteum, and the number of corpus luteum in this group was significantly different (p<0.05) from that of C, T2, and T3. It can be concluded that the administration of forest honey at a dose of 2g/rat/day could reduce corticosteroid levels, improve the folliculogenesis profile, and increase the number of corpus luteum in rats exposed to physical stress. The use of forest honey could reduce corticosteroid levels as a stress response from physical stress induction which was expected to increase reproductive efficiency.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitis pedata is a woody climber of the Vitaceae family with a multitude of pharmacological effects like anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, astringent, and hemostatic qualities. The research targets to assess the anti-diabetic efficacy of Vitis pedata aqueous extract nanoformulation in alloxan-induced diabetes rats. Biocompatible polycationic polymer chitosan is used for nanoformulation development. The aqueous extract loaded chitosan nanoparticle formulation displayed a particle size of 186± 5.37 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.226 and zeta potential value of 23 ± 1.93 mV. The nanoformulations were assessed for its anti-diabetic properties in comparison to aqueous extracts for the first time by in- vivo methodologies. Several parameters like body weight, blood glucose level, blood and serum biomarkers, were examined. Changes in tissue histoarchitecture, liver glycogen content, oxidative stress response and antioxidant status were also studied. In diabetic rats, the nano-scale formulation significantly reduced blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, and serum biomarkers, comparable to the oral hypoglycemic medication glibenclamide. The restoration of antioxidant status and pancreatic histoarchitecture through by size assisted delivery may be related to the improved control of diabetes by the nanoformulation than the extract alone. The work marks the first report of Vitis pedata nanoformulation for diabetes management and can serve as a prelude for further preclinical/clinical evaluations.
{"title":"Vitis Pedata Nanoformulation in the Management of Alloxan Induced Experimental Diabetes","authors":"Suvadra Das, Joyeeta Bhattacharya, Srija Sur, Subhasis Chakraborty, Aparna Lakshmi, Tanay Pramanik, Partha Roy","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2715","url":null,"abstract":"Vitis pedata is a woody climber of the Vitaceae family with a multitude of pharmacological effects like anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, astringent, and hemostatic qualities. The research targets to assess the anti-diabetic efficacy of Vitis pedata aqueous extract nanoformulation in alloxan-induced diabetes rats. Biocompatible polycationic polymer chitosan is used for nanoformulation development. The aqueous extract loaded chitosan nanoparticle formulation displayed a particle size of 186± 5.37 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.226 and zeta potential value of 23 ± 1.93 mV. The nanoformulations were assessed for its anti-diabetic properties in comparison to aqueous extracts for the first time by in- vivo methodologies. Several parameters like body weight, blood glucose level, blood and serum biomarkers, were examined. Changes in tissue histoarchitecture, liver glycogen content, oxidative stress response and antioxidant status were also studied. In diabetic rats, the nano-scale formulation significantly reduced blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, and serum biomarkers, comparable to the oral hypoglycemic medication glibenclamide. The restoration of antioxidant status and pancreatic histoarchitecture through by size assisted delivery may be related to the improved control of diabetes by the nanoformulation than the extract alone. The work marks the first report of Vitis pedata nanoformulation for diabetes management and can serve as a prelude for further preclinical/clinical evaluations.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tahani H Ibrahim, Sara Almutiri, Manahil Alharbi, Dana Alotaibi, Mehboob Ali, Waleed Hamza, Mohamed Zaki
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) which known as subcategory of coronary heart disease is considered a major cause of death. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of ACS is 8.2%. Early recognition of risk factors (RFs) associated with ACS is essential to prevent its progression. Therefore, the goals of this study is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular RFs among ACS patients and to appraise its association with the development of ACS. This retrospective multi-center cross-sectional study involved 170 patients admitted to Prince Sultan cardiac center, King Saud Hospital, and Bukayriyah General Hospital in Al Qassim, KSA. The participants categorized into three groups UA, NSTEMI, and STEMI. Patients with stable angina or previous MI were excluded from the study. 73.5% were males and 26.5% were females with a mean age of 58.2 ± 11.9. The distribution of ACS subtypes was 51.2%, 27.6%, and 21.2% for STEMI, NSTEMI and UA, respectively. The most common RFs were diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (66% each), and dyslipidemia (58%). The prevalence of RFs among STEMI group was 65.6% active smokers, 54.5% dyslipidemia, and 52.2% ischemic heart disease (IHD). On the other hand, in NSTEMI group hypertension and DM were nearly the same (32% & 30% respectively), however family history of IHD was 42.9%. UA revealed a strong association with IHD and family history of IHD (30.4%, 28.6%, respectively).To conclude, most of ACS patients presented with STEMI followed by NSTEMI and the least with UA. Among the cardiovascular risk factors, HTN, DM, and dyslipidemia, were presented in more than half of the patients which strongly suggests an association with developing ACS.
{"title":"Relationship between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Development of Acute Coronary Syndrome","authors":"Tahani H Ibrahim, Sara Almutiri, Manahil Alharbi, Dana Alotaibi, Mehboob Ali, Waleed Hamza, Mohamed Zaki","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2756","url":null,"abstract":"Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) which known as subcategory of coronary heart disease is considered a major cause of death. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of ACS is 8.2%. Early recognition of risk factors (RFs) associated with ACS is essential to prevent its progression. Therefore, the goals of this study is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular RFs among ACS patients and to appraise its association with the development of ACS. This retrospective multi-center cross-sectional study involved 170 patients admitted to Prince Sultan cardiac center, King Saud Hospital, and Bukayriyah General Hospital in Al Qassim, KSA. The participants categorized into three groups UA, NSTEMI, and STEMI. Patients with stable angina or previous MI were excluded from the study. 73.5% were males and 26.5% were females with a mean age of 58.2 ± 11.9. The distribution of ACS subtypes was 51.2%, 27.6%, and 21.2% for STEMI, NSTEMI and UA, respectively. The most common RFs were diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (66% each), and dyslipidemia (58%). The prevalence of RFs among STEMI group was 65.6% active smokers, 54.5% dyslipidemia, and 52.2% ischemic heart disease (IHD). On the other hand, in NSTEMI group hypertension and DM were nearly the same (32% & 30% respectively), however family history of IHD was 42.9%. UA revealed a strong association with IHD and family history of IHD (30.4%, 28.6%, respectively).To conclude, most of ACS patients presented with STEMI followed by NSTEMI and the least with UA. Among the cardiovascular risk factors, HTN, DM, and dyslipidemia, were presented in more than half of the patients which strongly suggests an association with developing ACS.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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