The case is a female 73 years old, with a history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy ten years ago, and is diagnosed with de novo choledocholithiasis. The medical staff conducted two Endoscopic Retrograde CholangioPancreatographies (ERCP). The results of the first one were unresolved choledocholithiasis, endoscopic sphincterotomy, intra and extrahepatic bile duct dilation, and plastic biliary prosthesis placement. In the second one, the results showed an ampulla of Vater with endoprosthesis in situ, which was removed easily. Besides, it was tried to trap the stone with a basket, without success due to dimensions (>45 mm). A Tannenbaum-type biliary stent was placed to ensure biliary drainage. After, the patient was scheduled for a laparoscopic bile duct exploration, and dissection was performed during the surgical procedure until locating a dilated common bile duct of approximately 3 cm. The stone was removed with laparoscopic forceps. Choledochorrhaphy was performed, and a drain was placed.
{"title":"Large Element de novo Choledocholithiasis: A case report","authors":"Adrián Cano- Padilla, Jesús Estrada- Hernández, Gilberto Flores- Vargas, Nicolás Padilla- Raygoza","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2766","url":null,"abstract":"The case is a female 73 years old, with a history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy ten years ago, and is diagnosed with de novo choledocholithiasis. The medical staff conducted two Endoscopic Retrograde CholangioPancreatographies (ERCP). The results of the first one were unresolved choledocholithiasis, endoscopic sphincterotomy, intra and extrahepatic bile duct dilation, and plastic biliary prosthesis placement. In the second one, the results showed an ampulla of Vater with endoprosthesis in situ, which was removed easily. Besides, it was tried to trap the stone with a basket, without success due to dimensions (>45 mm). A Tannenbaum-type biliary stent was placed to ensure biliary drainage. After, the patient was scheduled for a laparoscopic bile duct exploration, and dissection was performed during the surgical procedure until locating a dilated common bile duct of approximately 3 cm. The stone was removed with laparoscopic forceps. Choledochorrhaphy was performed, and a drain was placed.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rohadi Muhammad Rosyidi, Bambang Priyanto, Januarman J, Zakiuddin Abd. Azam, Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has significantly increased both mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) is an option when conventional treatments fail to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) when brain edema occurs in TBI. This study aims to determine the relationship between DC and patients with TBI in West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Hospital whose outcome was assessed with Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). A total of 41 TBI patients who underwent DC were included in the study. Univariate analysis revealed that men made up the majority of the subjects, with 26 people (63.4%) compared to 15 women (36.3%). Traffic accidents (82.9%), falling (12.2%), and being crushed (4.9%) accounted for the majority of the causes of TBI. Bivariate analysis showed that pupillary reflex, length of stay, and Glasgow Coma Scale at discharge from the hospital were associated with outcome (p=0.002; p=0.000; p=0.000 respectively), GOSE (p=0.001; p=0.000; p=0.000 respectively), and mRS (p=0.001; p=0.000; p=0.000 respectively). Other factors such as gender, age, trauma mechanism, GCS admission, and operation time, however, did not significantly affect the outcome, GOSE, or mRS.
{"title":"Relationship between Decompressive Craniectomy and Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes: A Single-Center Study","authors":"Rohadi Muhammad Rosyidi, Bambang Priyanto, Januarman J, Zakiuddin Abd. Azam, Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2725","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has significantly increased both mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) is an option when conventional treatments fail to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) when brain edema occurs in TBI. This study aims to determine the relationship between DC and patients with TBI in West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Hospital whose outcome was assessed with Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). A total of 41 TBI patients who underwent DC were included in the study. Univariate analysis revealed that men made up the majority of the subjects, with 26 people (63.4%) compared to 15 women (36.3%). Traffic accidents (82.9%), falling (12.2%), and being crushed (4.9%) accounted for the majority of the causes of TBI. Bivariate analysis showed that pupillary reflex, length of stay, and Glasgow Coma Scale at discharge from the hospital were associated with outcome (p=0.002; p=0.000; p=0.000 respectively), GOSE (p=0.001; p=0.000; p=0.000 respectively), and mRS (p=0.001; p=0.000; p=0.000 respectively). Other factors such as gender, age, trauma mechanism, GCS admission, and operation time, however, did not significantly affect the outcome, GOSE, or mRS.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive procedure that demands a safe and fast-tracking anesthesia plan. A faster and smoother recovery of patients from anesthesia after a surgical procedure is critical for early discharge. Dexmedetomidine is a short-acting α2 agonist with analgesic, sedative, and anxiolytic properties. However, it is associated with prolonged sedation when administered through an intravenous route, thereby prolonging the recovery time from anesthesia. We conducted this study to compare the time to extubation after anesthesia when dexmedetomidine was administered through the conventional intravenous route and an interfascial transversus abdominus plane (TAP) block and rectus sheath (RS) block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries under general anesthesia. In addition, we also studied postoperative pain using the Visual analog scale (VAS). This study is a double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 54 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were allocated to two groups. Group C received 50 micrograms of dexmedetomidine intravenously. Patients in group T received 50 micrograms of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to the 0.3% ropivacaine administered through the TAP block and RS block. The mean time for extubation in group C was 10.87 ± 1.71 minutes, and in group T was 4.37 ± 0.25 minutes, which was significant (p < 0.05, 95% CI - 5.83 to 7.17). In addition, the median postoperative VAS in group T was significantly lower at six hours, 12 hours, and 18 hours postoperatively. Hence, we conclude that dexmedetomidine, administered in the interfascial plane for laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery, provides a better recovery profile from general anesthesia and good postoperative pain relief.
{"title":"A Comparison of the Recovery Profile of Dexmedetomidine When Administered by Different Routes in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy – A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Gayathri. B, Gunaseelan Mirunalini, Sundaram. LN, Nivedita RK","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2733","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive procedure that demands a safe and fast-tracking anesthesia plan. A faster and smoother recovery of patients from anesthesia after a surgical procedure is critical for early discharge. Dexmedetomidine is a short-acting α2 agonist with analgesic, sedative, and anxiolytic properties. However, it is associated with prolonged sedation when administered through an intravenous route, thereby prolonging the recovery time from anesthesia. We conducted this study to compare the time to extubation after anesthesia when dexmedetomidine was administered through the conventional intravenous route and an interfascial transversus abdominus plane (TAP) block and rectus sheath (RS) block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries under general anesthesia. In addition, we also studied postoperative pain using the Visual analog scale (VAS). This study is a double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 54 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were allocated to two groups. Group C received 50 micrograms of dexmedetomidine intravenously. Patients in group T received 50 micrograms of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to the 0.3% ropivacaine administered through the TAP block and RS block. The mean time for extubation in group C was 10.87 ± 1.71 minutes, and in group T was 4.37 ± 0.25 minutes, which was significant (p < 0.05, 95% CI - 5.83 to 7.17). In addition, the median postoperative VAS in group T was significantly lower at six hours, 12 hours, and 18 hours postoperatively. Hence, we conclude that dexmedetomidine, administered in the interfascial plane for laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery, provides a better recovery profile from general anesthesia and good postoperative pain relief.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Eric Balayssac, Lenoir Thierry Ayoman Djadji, Brou N’Guessan Aimé, Awa Nounaferi Gnieneferetien Silue, Eric Gbongue Tia, Serge Paul Eholié
Introduction: Most pharmacotherapeutic problems in hospitals are caused by anti-infectives. Audit of prescriptions by a clinical pharmacist is a control and prevention element for iatrogenic risks. Objective: The main aim of our study was to assess the use of antibiotics according to risk criteria in patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases Unit of the Treichville Teaching Hospital (Abidjan, Ivory Coast). Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from August to December 2022 in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases department of the Treichville University Hospital aimed to analyze the use of antibiotics in patients with risk criteria. The tools for detecting pharmacotherapeutic problems allowed us to evaluate the frequency and nature of pharmaceutical interventions, highlighting the role of the pharmacist in patient management. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software (IBM, USA). Results: A total of 88 patients were included in the study, with a majority of singles (54.5%) and a predominance of subjects under 45 years of age (87.6%) and HIV-positive (93.2%). Antibiotics were the most frequent treatment (75.1%), followed by beta-lactams (36.7%). The main drug interactions were precautions for use (53.6%) and contraindicated associations (45.6%), especially the combination of Ofloxacin with bivalent cations or didanosine. The main pharmaceutical interventions proposed were monitoring of biological parameters in at-risk patients (68.8%) and drug substitution (14.8%). All proposed pharmaceutical interventions were accepted by prescribers. Risk criteria associated with the use of antibiotics were significantly associated with the nature of proposed pharmaceutical interventions. Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of antibiotics in patients with risk criteria is common in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases department of the Treichville University Hospital. The results emphasize the importance of prescription audit by a clinical pharmacist in detecting pharmacotherapeutic problems and preventing iatrogenic risks. The proposed pharmaceutical interventions were accepted by prescribers and were tailored to the risk criteria associated with the use of antibiotics.
{"title":"Targeted Pharmaceutical Analysis of Antibiotic Use by Risk Criteria in Patients Hospitalized in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department at Treichville Teaching Hospital (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire)","authors":"Joseph Eric Balayssac, Lenoir Thierry Ayoman Djadji, Brou N’Guessan Aimé, Awa Nounaferi Gnieneferetien Silue, Eric Gbongue Tia, Serge Paul Eholié","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2727","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Most pharmacotherapeutic problems in hospitals are caused by anti-infectives. Audit of prescriptions by a clinical pharmacist is a control and prevention element for iatrogenic risks. Objective: The main aim of our study was to assess the use of antibiotics according to risk criteria in patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases Unit of the Treichville Teaching Hospital (Abidjan, Ivory Coast). Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from August to December 2022 in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases department of the Treichville University Hospital aimed to analyze the use of antibiotics in patients with risk criteria. The tools for detecting pharmacotherapeutic problems allowed us to evaluate the frequency and nature of pharmaceutical interventions, highlighting the role of the pharmacist in patient management. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software (IBM, USA). Results: A total of 88 patients were included in the study, with a majority of singles (54.5%) and a predominance of subjects under 45 years of age (87.6%) and HIV-positive (93.2%). Antibiotics were the most frequent treatment (75.1%), followed by beta-lactams (36.7%). The main drug interactions were precautions for use (53.6%) and contraindicated associations (45.6%), especially the combination of Ofloxacin with bivalent cations or didanosine. The main pharmaceutical interventions proposed were monitoring of biological parameters in at-risk patients (68.8%) and drug substitution (14.8%). All proposed pharmaceutical interventions were accepted by prescribers. Risk criteria associated with the use of antibiotics were significantly associated with the nature of proposed pharmaceutical interventions. Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of antibiotics in patients with risk criteria is common in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases department of the Treichville University Hospital. The results emphasize the importance of prescription audit by a clinical pharmacist in detecting pharmacotherapeutic problems and preventing iatrogenic risks. The proposed pharmaceutical interventions were accepted by prescribers and were tailored to the risk criteria associated with the use of antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saktivi Harkitasari, I Wayan Sumardika, Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi, I Komang Hotra Adiputra, Giovanca Verentzia Purnama, Richard Christian Suteja
The Chinese Ministry of Health's Chinese Health Protection Centers reported the appearance of COVID-19, a group of pneumonia, in Wuhan toward the end of 2019. Common symptoms found are sore throat, headache, pain, diarrhea, skin lesions, and eye irritation. The immune regulatory system may become dysfunctional as a result of SARS-COV-2, leading to an uncontrolled inflammatory response. These events will then result in lymphocyte activation and dysfunction, lymphopenia, an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine productions, and abnormalities in granulocytes and monocytes, all of which are symptoms of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). CRS may result in shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure, respiratory failure, and even death in COVID-19 patients. In order to avoid this, activated autologous platelet-rich plasma (aaPRP) therapy was created to treat CRS. aaPRP therapy is replicable in a short time, easy, and at a low cost. The numerous growth factors in aaPRP have anti-inflammatory properties that reduce the production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF. The use of aaPRP treatment may lessen the need for invasive mechanical breathing, avoid alopecia and sepsis, and lessen pulmonary fibrosis. According to the findings of the phase I/II study that were conducted, it shows that aaPRP was given through intravenously and did not cause side effects in COVID-19 patients. To fully comprehend the aaPRP treatment for COVID-19 patients, however, more research is required. This review will go into discuss about the pathophysiology of COVID-19 as well as potential areas for aaPRP therapy.
{"title":"Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Potential Therapy to Mitigate Severe Covid-19 Manifestations","authors":"Saktivi Harkitasari, I Wayan Sumardika, Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi, I Komang Hotra Adiputra, Giovanca Verentzia Purnama, Richard Christian Suteja","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2744","url":null,"abstract":"The Chinese Ministry of Health's Chinese Health Protection Centers reported the appearance of COVID-19, a group of pneumonia, in Wuhan toward the end of 2019. Common symptoms found are sore throat, headache, pain, diarrhea, skin lesions, and eye irritation. The immune regulatory system may become dysfunctional as a result of SARS-COV-2, leading to an uncontrolled inflammatory response. These events will then result in lymphocyte activation and dysfunction, lymphopenia, an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine productions, and abnormalities in granulocytes and monocytes, all of which are symptoms of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). CRS may result in shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure, respiratory failure, and even death in COVID-19 patients. In order to avoid this, activated autologous platelet-rich plasma (aaPRP) therapy was created to treat CRS. aaPRP therapy is replicable in a short time, easy, and at a low cost. The numerous growth factors in aaPRP have anti-inflammatory properties that reduce the production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF. The use of aaPRP treatment may lessen the need for invasive mechanical breathing, avoid alopecia and sepsis, and lessen pulmonary fibrosis. According to the findings of the phase I/II study that were conducted, it shows that aaPRP was given through intravenously and did not cause side effects in COVID-19 patients. To fully comprehend the aaPRP treatment for COVID-19 patients, however, more research is required. This review will go into discuss about the pathophysiology of COVID-19 as well as potential areas for aaPRP therapy.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pavan K, Vinay B. C., Chethan Subramanya, Shraddha Shetty, Shreyas K, Ananthesh L, Swathi S, S Dhanya Nayak
Background: Sleep is a fundamental factor associated with chronic illness. Lack of quality sleep and the extent of sleep may affect several aspects of physical, emotional, and cognitive health. Aim and objective: The study aims to assess sleep quality and associated factors in subjects diagnosed with diabetes mellitus using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). Materials and methods: An eight-month prospective cross-sectional study involving 356 patients with diabetes mellitus was carried out. The patient data collection form was prepared per the study's needs. Patients' responses to questionnaires about their sleep quality, anxiety, depression possibility, and physical activity were recorded. The data were analysed using a statistical tool for the social sciences (SPSS) version 28.0. Results: Among 356 subjects enrolled, 43 (12%) had poor sleep quality, rest of the 313 (88%) patients had good sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was observed between the age group of 51-70 years. When compared to women, men were generally shown to have poor sleep quality. When compared to patients with mild and moderate anxiety, it was observed that most of the subjects with severe anxiety had poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was reported by the majority of patients who tested positive for depression and inadequate physical activity. Conclusion: The study concluded that diabetes mellitus does not significantly affect sleep quality in most patients. However, patients with low physical activity, severe anxiety and depression had poor sleep.
{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study on the Assessment of Sleep Quality and Associated Factors Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients","authors":"Pavan K, Vinay B. C., Chethan Subramanya, Shraddha Shetty, Shreyas K, Ananthesh L, Swathi S, S Dhanya Nayak","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2747","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep is a fundamental factor associated with chronic illness. Lack of quality sleep and the extent of sleep may affect several aspects of physical, emotional, and cognitive health. Aim and objective: The study aims to assess sleep quality and associated factors in subjects diagnosed with diabetes mellitus using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). Materials and methods: An eight-month prospective cross-sectional study involving 356 patients with diabetes mellitus was carried out. The patient data collection form was prepared per the study's needs. Patients' responses to questionnaires about their sleep quality, anxiety, depression possibility, and physical activity were recorded. The data were analysed using a statistical tool for the social sciences (SPSS) version 28.0. Results: Among 356 subjects enrolled, 43 (12%) had poor sleep quality, rest of the 313 (88%) patients had good sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was observed between the age group of 51-70 years. When compared to women, men were generally shown to have poor sleep quality. When compared to patients with mild and moderate anxiety, it was observed that most of the subjects with severe anxiety had poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was reported by the majority of patients who tested positive for depression and inadequate physical activity. Conclusion: The study concluded that diabetes mellitus does not significantly affect sleep quality in most patients. However, patients with low physical activity, severe anxiety and depression had poor sleep.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ade Rifka Junita, Firdaus Hamid, Budu Budu, Rosdiana Natzir, Yusmina Hala, Gemini Alam, Rosana Agus, Burhanuddin Bahar, Ahmad Syukri, Muhammad Reza Primaguna, Ressy Dwiyanti, Andini Febriant, Azhar Azhar, Mochammad Hatta
Background: Miana, also known as Coleus scutellariodes, is a supplement agent frequently used to treat infectious disorders. Its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not well understood. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), which acts as a major regulator in these infectious processes, strongly induces proinflammatory cytokines via I-kB through its connection with the NF-kB receptor, which affects cytokine production, and angiogenesis via the role of VEGF and HIF-1. VEGF is an angiogenic factor that can trigger cellular responses on the surface of endothelial cells via the NF-kB pathway. HIF-1 has a critical role in the cellular response to systemic oxygen levels of cells. This article's objective is to provide a thorough analysis of molecular mechanisms of NF-kB in relation to infectious diseases treated by Miana. Methods: To obtain the data for this study, relevant reference lists were manually searched in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases using the keywords "Miana", "Coleus scutellariodes", "NF-kB", "antibacterial", "anti-inflammation" and "Infectious diseases." as significant reference lists. This review article included and narratively covered each appropriate article from the database above. Results: It was found in several articles that NF-kB and molecular mechanisms of Miana in infectious diseases are strongly related, and that these mechanisms may be used to cure and prevent infectious diseases. The molecular mechanism of Miana containing the active component of flavonoids is broad and complex, in which the induced NF-kB has two main pathways, namely canonical and non-canonical initially from the upstream and downstream of NF-kB activities and there is intricate crosstalk of NF-kB. Conclusions: Miana treats infectious diseases through NF-kB, which functions mainly through a variety of mechanisms. Miana's treatment of infectious diseases with NF-kB leads to the conclusion that NF-kB is a stimulator of several proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Miana can reduce HIF-1 expression, and HIF-1 is also in function of upregulating some angiogenic factors in infectious diseases, therefore Miana may suppress NF-kB activities both in vitro and in vivo. Miana contains an active component of flavonoid, which has broad capabilities in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory processes, thus research is urgently needed that links from upstream to downstream of its molecular mechanisms. Besides that, a more detailed study is needed on the intricate crosstalk in the inflammatory process due to microorganism infection through NF-kB activity in Miana interventions containing flavonoid active substances.
背景:Miana，也被称为Coleus scutellariodes，是一种经常用于治疗感染性疾病的补充剂。其抗菌和抗炎机制尚不清楚。核因子κ B (NF-kB)在这些感染过程中起主要调节作用，通过与NF-kB受体的连接，通过I-kB强烈诱导促炎细胞因子，通过VEGF和HIF-1的作用影响细胞因子的产生和血管生成。VEGF是一种血管生成因子，可通过NF-kB通路触发内皮细胞表面的细胞反应。HIF-1在细胞对全身氧水平的反应中起关键作用。本文的目的是提供一个彻底的分析NF-kB的分子机制，与传染性疾病治疗的Miana。方法:为获取本研究数据，人工在PubMed、EMBASE和Scopus数据库中检索相关文献列表，以关键词“Miana”、“Coleus scutellariodes”、“NF-kB”、“抗菌”、“抗炎”和“感染性疾病”为重要参考文献列表。这篇评论文章包括并叙述了上述数据库中的每一篇适当的文章。结果:多篇文章发现NF-kB与Miana在传染病中的分子机制密切相关，可能用于传染病的治疗和预防。含有黄酮类活性成分的麻麻分子机制广泛而复杂，其中NF-kB的诱导主要有两个途径，即NF-kB活性的上游和下游的典型和非典型途径，NF-kB之间存在复杂的串扰。结论:Miana通过NF-kB治疗传染病，NF-kB主要通过多种机制发挥作用。Miana用NF-kB治疗传染病的研究得出结论，NF-kB是几种促炎细胞因子的刺激物。此外，Miana可以降低HIF-1的表达，HIF-1在感染性疾病中也有上调一些血管生成因子的作用，因此Miana在体内和体外都可能抑制NF-kB的活性。Miana含有黄酮类活性成分，在炎症和非炎症过程中都具有广泛的功能，因此迫切需要研究其分子机制从上游到下游的联系。此外，在含有类黄酮活性物质的Miana干预中，需要通过NF-kB活性更详细地研究微生物感染引起的炎症过程中复杂的串扰。
{"title":"Miana (Coleus scutellariodes) Inhibits Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-kB) Activity and its Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Benefits in Infectious Diseases: Review Article","authors":"Ade Rifka Junita, Firdaus Hamid, Budu Budu, Rosdiana Natzir, Yusmina Hala, Gemini Alam, Rosana Agus, Burhanuddin Bahar, Ahmad Syukri, Muhammad Reza Primaguna, Ressy Dwiyanti, Andini Febriant, Azhar Azhar, Mochammad Hatta","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2710","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Miana, also known as Coleus scutellariodes, is a supplement agent frequently used to treat infectious disorders. Its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not well understood. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), which acts as a major regulator in these infectious processes, strongly induces proinflammatory cytokines via I-kB through its connection with the NF-kB receptor, which affects cytokine production, and angiogenesis via the role of VEGF and HIF-1. VEGF is an angiogenic factor that can trigger cellular responses on the surface of endothelial cells via the NF-kB pathway. HIF-1 has a critical role in the cellular response to systemic oxygen levels of cells. This article's objective is to provide a thorough analysis of molecular mechanisms of NF-kB in relation to infectious diseases treated by Miana. Methods: To obtain the data for this study, relevant reference lists were manually searched in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases using the keywords \"Miana\", \"Coleus scutellariodes\", \"NF-kB\", \"antibacterial\", \"anti-inflammation\" and \"Infectious diseases.\" as significant reference lists. This review article included and narratively covered each appropriate article from the database above. Results: It was found in several articles that NF-kB and molecular mechanisms of Miana in infectious diseases are strongly related, and that these mechanisms may be used to cure and prevent infectious diseases. The molecular mechanism of Miana containing the active component of flavonoids is broad and complex, in which the induced NF-kB has two main pathways, namely canonical and non-canonical initially from the upstream and downstream of NF-kB activities and there is intricate crosstalk of NF-kB. Conclusions: Miana treats infectious diseases through NF-kB, which functions mainly through a variety of mechanisms. Miana's treatment of infectious diseases with NF-kB leads to the conclusion that NF-kB is a stimulator of several proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Miana can reduce HIF-1 expression, and HIF-1 is also in function of upregulating some angiogenic factors in infectious diseases, therefore Miana may suppress NF-kB activities both in vitro and in vivo. Miana contains an active component of flavonoid, which has broad capabilities in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory processes, thus research is urgently needed that links from upstream to downstream of its molecular mechanisms. Besides that, a more detailed study is needed on the intricate crosstalk in the inflammatory process due to microorganism infection through NF-kB activity in Miana interventions containing flavonoid active substances.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamrun Nahar, Fatema-Tuz- Zohora, Rayhana Begum, Maruf Hasan, Abdul Aziz, Yasmin Jui, Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur, Md. Rafi Anwar
The current study was undertaken to provide scientific validation for the traditional medicinal applications of Ceriops decandra leaves in treating gastrointestinal disorders and inflammation. Additionally, the study aimed to isolate a pure component from the extracted leaves for further analysis. Lupeol was extracted from the crude methanolic extract of Ceriops decandra leaves by column chromatography as part of a phytochemical inquiry. Its structure was determined using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In order to assess the cytotoxicity, the unrefined methanolic extract was divided into two fractions: a petroleum fraction and an aqueous fraction, employing the modified Kupchan method. The brine shrimp lethality test revealed that both the aqueous and petroleum ether fractions had significant cytotoxic activity, with LC50 values of 1.93 µg/l and 2.04 µg/l, respectively. These values were compared to the LC50 value of the standard Vincristine Sulphate, which was found to be 0.02 µg/l. The results of the anti-inflammatory trial demonstrated that the administration of the extract at doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg resulted in protection rates of 62.5% and 87.5%, respectively, as compared to the carrageenan control group after 3 hours post-injection. It is worth noting that Ibuprofen exhibited a higher level of protection, with a rate of 91.7%. In the context of ethanol-induced stomach ulcer, the administration of extracts at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg resulted in 45.5% and 59.1% protection against gastric ulcer, respectively. These findings were compared to the protective effect of Omeprazole, which demonstrated 63.6% protection and served as the standard reference. The findings suggest that the methanolic leaf extract of Ceriops decandra possesses robust cytotoxic and potent anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties. These results provide support for the traditional application of this extract in the management of gastrointestinal diseases, inflammation, and cancer.
{"title":"Isolation and Evaluation of Cytotoxic, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Ulcer Activity of Methanolic Extract of Ceriops decandra leaves","authors":"Kamrun Nahar, Fatema-Tuz- Zohora, Rayhana Begum, Maruf Hasan, Abdul Aziz, Yasmin Jui, Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur, Md. Rafi Anwar","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2746","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was undertaken to provide scientific validation for the traditional medicinal applications of Ceriops decandra leaves in treating gastrointestinal disorders and inflammation. Additionally, the study aimed to isolate a pure component from the extracted leaves for further analysis. Lupeol was extracted from the crude methanolic extract of Ceriops decandra leaves by column chromatography as part of a phytochemical inquiry. Its structure was determined using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In order to assess the cytotoxicity, the unrefined methanolic extract was divided into two fractions: a petroleum fraction and an aqueous fraction, employing the modified Kupchan method. The brine shrimp lethality test revealed that both the aqueous and petroleum ether fractions had significant cytotoxic activity, with LC50 values of 1.93 µg/l and 2.04 µg/l, respectively. These values were compared to the LC50 value of the standard Vincristine Sulphate, which was found to be 0.02 µg/l. The results of the anti-inflammatory trial demonstrated that the administration of the extract at doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg resulted in protection rates of 62.5% and 87.5%, respectively, as compared to the carrageenan control group after 3 hours post-injection. It is worth noting that Ibuprofen exhibited a higher level of protection, with a rate of 91.7%. In the context of ethanol-induced stomach ulcer, the administration of extracts at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg resulted in 45.5% and 59.1% protection against gastric ulcer, respectively. These findings were compared to the protective effect of Omeprazole, which demonstrated 63.6% protection and served as the standard reference. The findings suggest that the methanolic leaf extract of Ceriops decandra possesses robust cytotoxic and potent anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties. These results provide support for the traditional application of this extract in the management of gastrointestinal diseases, inflammation, and cancer.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amiodarone (AMR) is a very powerful and efficient anti-arrhythmic agent since it outperforms other treatments in preventing and treating ventricular and supraventricular dysrhythmias. Melatonin is produced by a variety of organs, including the pineal gland. It has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin provides a variety of different health benefits and has been demonstrated to have considerable antioxidant action. The purpose of this study was to look into and evaluate the preventive benefits of melatonin and curcumin against AMR-induced lung damage.60 adult male albino rats were utilized in this study divided equally into 5 main groups: (control with no drugs, sham divided into 2 subgroups sham1 receiving 500Ug/kg body weight (BW) of melatonin and sham2 receiving 200 mg/kg BW of curcumin, AMR treated group receiving 40 mg/kg BW of AMR orally, AMR with melatonin group receiving500Ug/kg body weight (BW) of melatonin and40 mg/kg BW of AMR, and AMR with curcumin group receiving 200 mg/kg BW of curcumin and 40 mg/kg BW of AMR). this study was continued for 6 weeks. The lung tissue was processed for histopathological and biochemical evaluation at the end of the experiment and revealed significant elevations in inflammatory cytokine (il6) and oxidative parameters, lung alterations with fibrosis and marked cellular infiltration in the AMR-treated group. Yet treatment with melatonin and curcumin improved fibrosis detected by decreased area of positive TGF-β1 staining and lower number of stained macrophages by CD68 along with improving the antioxidant status of the tissue. Thus melatonin and curcumin had a protective effect over AMR-induced fibrosis.
胺碘酮(AMR)是一种非常有效的抗心律失常药物，在预防和治疗室性和室上性心律失常方面优于其他治疗方法。褪黑素由多种器官产生，包括松果体。它具有抗氧化和抗炎的特性。姜黄素提供多种不同的健康益处，并已被证明具有相当大的抗氧化作用。本研究的目的是探讨和评估褪黑素和姜黄素对amr引起的肺损伤的预防作用。60成年男性白化病老鼠用于这项研究同样分为5组:主要(控制没有药物,虚假的分成两个子组sham1接收500 ug / kg体重(BW)褪黑素和姜黄素sham2接受200毫克/公斤体重,AMR治疗组接受40毫克/公斤BW的AMR口头,AMR与褪黑素组receiving500Ug /公斤体重(BW)褪黑激素and40毫克/公斤BW AMR, AMR和姜黄素组接受200毫克/公斤体重的AMR的姜黄素和40毫克/公斤体重)。研究持续6周。实验结束时对肺组织进行组织病理学和生化评价，结果显示amr处理组炎症细胞因子(il6)和氧化参数显著升高，肺纤维化改变，细胞浸润明显。然而，褪黑素和姜黄素治疗改善了纤维化，通过减少TGF-β1阳性染色面积和CD68染色的巨噬细胞数量检测到，同时改善了组织的抗氧化状态。因此，褪黑素和姜黄素对amr诱导的纤维化具有保护作用。
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Lung-protective Effects of Melatonin Versus Curcumin in Amiodarone Treated Adult Male Albino rats","authors":"Nehal E. Refaay, Noha M. Halloull, Nehal A. Amer","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2737","url":null,"abstract":"Amiodarone (AMR) is a very powerful and efficient anti-arrhythmic agent since it outperforms other treatments in preventing and treating ventricular and supraventricular dysrhythmias. Melatonin is produced by a variety of organs, including the pineal gland. It has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin provides a variety of different health benefits and has been demonstrated to have considerable antioxidant action. The purpose of this study was to look into and evaluate the preventive benefits of melatonin and curcumin against AMR-induced lung damage.60 adult male albino rats were utilized in this study divided equally into 5 main groups: (control with no drugs, sham divided into 2 subgroups sham1 receiving 500Ug/kg body weight (BW) of melatonin and sham2 receiving 200 mg/kg BW of curcumin, AMR treated group receiving 40 mg/kg BW of AMR orally, AMR with melatonin group receiving500Ug/kg body weight (BW) of melatonin and40 mg/kg BW of AMR, and AMR with curcumin group receiving 200 mg/kg BW of curcumin and 40 mg/kg BW of AMR). this study was continued for 6 weeks. The lung tissue was processed for histopathological and biochemical evaluation at the end of the experiment and revealed significant elevations in inflammatory cytokine (il6) and oxidative parameters, lung alterations with fibrosis and marked cellular infiltration in the AMR-treated group. Yet treatment with melatonin and curcumin improved fibrosis detected by decreased area of positive TGF-β1 staining and lower number of stained macrophages by CD68 along with improving the antioxidant status of the tissue. Thus melatonin and curcumin had a protective effect over AMR-induced fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitika C. Panakkal, Rajagopal Kadavigere, Suresh Sukumar, Ravishankar N
Background: Contrast-enhanced examinations of the abdomen region have a greater radiation exposure due to the multiphase abdominal computed tomography (CT) protocols. The use of automatic tube current modulation is known to reduce radiation dose and maintain or improve image quality for abdominal CT. However, using automatic tube current modulation can increase radiation dose for individuals with a larger body habitus. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the influence of body mass index and abdominal circumference on the effective dose for routinely performed contrast-enhanced abdomen and pelvis scans. Methods: A total of 160 subjects referred for routine CT abdomen and pelvis were included in the study and categorised into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI) [underweight: <18.5 kg/m2, normal: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, overweight: 25-29.9 kg/m2 and obese: (≥30 kg/m2]. All the scans were performed on a 128 MDCT scanner by Philips. The effective dose was calculated from the dose length product using region-specific conversion factors. Results: The effective dose was found to be 21.47 ± 2 mSv for the underweight group, 22.75± 2.3 mSv for the normal group, 25.02 ± 2.8 for the overweight group, and 29.7 ± 6.7 mSv for the obese group. Conclusion: The study reported a 32.39 % increase in effective dose for obese patients. The study also reported a significant increase in effective dose as BMI and abdominal circumference increased.
{"title":"Influence of Body Mass Index and Abdominal Circumference on Radiation Dose During Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography","authors":"Nitika C. Panakkal, Rajagopal Kadavigere, Suresh Sukumar, Ravishankar N","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2741","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Contrast-enhanced examinations of the abdomen region have a greater radiation exposure due to the multiphase abdominal computed tomography (CT) protocols. The use of automatic tube current modulation is known to reduce radiation dose and maintain or improve image quality for abdominal CT. However, using automatic tube current modulation can increase radiation dose for individuals with a larger body habitus. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the influence of body mass index and abdominal circumference on the effective dose for routinely performed contrast-enhanced abdomen and pelvis scans. Methods: A total of 160 subjects referred for routine CT abdomen and pelvis were included in the study and categorised into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI) [underweight: <18.5 kg/m2, normal: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, overweight: 25-29.9 kg/m2 and obese: (≥30 kg/m2]. All the scans were performed on a 128 MDCT scanner by Philips. The effective dose was calculated from the dose length product using region-specific conversion factors. Results: The effective dose was found to be 21.47 ± 2 mSv for the underweight group, 22.75± 2.3 mSv for the normal group, 25.02 ± 2.8 for the overweight group, and 29.7 ± 6.7 mSv for the obese group. Conclusion: The study reported a 32.39 % increase in effective dose for obese patients. The study also reported a significant increase in effective dose as BMI and abdominal circumference increased.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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