BMC Oral Health最新文献

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating different concentrations of nanochitosan (NCH) into Fuji Plus resin-modified glass ionomer luting cement (RMGIC; GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) on shear bond strength, film thickness, solubility, water sorption, and antibacterial activity.

Methods: The liquid component of fuji Plus RMGIC was modified by incorporating NCH at 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 20% (v/v). A total of ten specimens were prepared per group for each test. Shear bond strength (SBS) was assessed using human mid-coronal dentine after thermocycling. Film thickness was measured in accordance with ISO 4049 and ANSI/ADA guidelines. Water sorption and solubility were assessed after 28 days in artificial saliva. Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans was determined via the agar disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05).

Results: NCH incorporation significantly influenced the tested properties of RMGIC. Bond strength remained unaffected at 5% and 10% but significantly decreased at 20% (p ≤ 0.05). Film thickness increased only at 20% (p ≤ 0.05). Water sorption showed a concentration-dependent increase, while solubility significantly decreased with increasing NCH content (p < 0.0001). Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans improved significantly with higher NCH concentrations, as evidenced by larger inhibition zones in all modified groups compared to the control (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Incorporation of NCH into RMGIC enhanced its antibacterial activity and reduced solubility without compromising bond strength or film thickness up to 10%. However, a 20% addition adversely affected the mechanical and handling properties.

Objective: To investigate the condylar joint space, position and morphology in skeletal Class II malocclusion patients with idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR), in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment and efficacy evaluation of ICR.

Materials and methods: Skeletal Class II malocclusion patients with ICR and skeletal Class II malocclusion patients with normal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structure were included in this study. The anterior joint space (AJS), superior joint space (SJS) and posterior joint space (PJS) were measured by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The surface area and volume of condyle were measured through three-dimensional reconstruction using CT scans.

Results: A total of 55 patients were included in both groups. All ICR patients exhibited bilateral anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR), with MRI revealing morphological changes in 90.91% of ICR patients. SJS in ICR group significantly decreased by 15.85% on CT and 14.23% on MRI (P<0.05). The typical SJS-PJS difference in healthy TMJs disappeared in ICR patients, and joint space proportions became irregular, indicating condylar instability. Mild resorption was found in 78.18% of ICR patients, mainly affecting the anterior slope and condylar apex, while 21.82% showed more severe resorption. Condylar ratio in ICR patients showed greater variability, reflecting increased instability. Additionally, condylar volume and surface area were significantly reduced by 29.9% and 21.3%, respectively (P<0.05).

Conclusion: ICR patients show varying levels of condylar resorption and less consistent joint space proportions. These findings may reveal the influence of resorptive morphological changes on the stability of condylar position within the glenoid fossa.

Trial registration: This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100051867) on October 8, 2021.

Background: This study investigated the effects of periodontitis and smoking on salivary interleukin (IL)-39, IL-41, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. IL-39 and IL-41 are recently identified cytokines whose roles in periodontal inflammation remain largely unexplored. Clarifying their salivary profiles may provide new, non-invasive biomarkers for disease activity and tobacco-related modulation of the host immune response.

Methods: 88 participants were classified into four groups based on periodontal and smoking status. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and analyzed for IL-39, IL-41, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels using ELISA. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded, correlations between salivary cytokine levels and clinical parameters were assessed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.

Results: Periodontitis patients exhibited significantly higher salivary IL-39, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels compared with periodontally healthy individuals (p < 0.001), whereas IL-41 showed no significant differences among groups. IL-39 and TNF-α demonstrated the strongest correlations with clinical periodontal parameters. ROC analysis revealed that IL-39 had the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing periodontitis from health in both smokers (AUC = 0.861) and non-smokers (AUC = 0.808), while the diagnostic capacity of IL-1β was impaired in smokers.

Conclusions: Salivary IL-39 and TNF-α emerged as the most reliable biomarkers for distinguishing periodontitis from health, whereas IL-1β showed reduced diagnostic accuracy in smokers and IL-41 provided limited utility. These findings indicate that smoking primarily modulates the diagnostic performance rather than the absolute levels of salivary cytokines.

Trial registration: The current study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06528522) on July 12, 2024.