Pub Date : 2017-03-23DOI: 10.15406/moji.2017.05.00159
Meisam Barati, M. Yousefi, H. Mohammdi, M. Ebrahimi-Mameghani
ORZ (amino acid sequence: Gly-Tyr-Pro-Met-Tyr-Pro-LeuPro-Arg) is a digestion resistant peptide elicited from brown rice (molecular weight= 1093.3). The brown rice bio-active peptide illustrate various functions such as Polymorphonuclear cells stimulation, activation of C3a (one of the complement system components) receptor (C3aR) and the ileum contraction [1-2]. ORZ activates C3aR and imitates C3a function. The ORZ modification was firstly performed to produce a digestion resistant peptide with enhanced affinity to C3aR. Oral administration of modified ORZ, through the digestive system, induces a number of relatively important functions such as anti-amnesic, anorexigenic and antianalgesic ones [3,4].
{"title":"The Immune Response Against Oryzatensin Increase VEGF and MMP-9 Experssion in HEP-G2 Cell Line","authors":"Meisam Barati, M. Yousefi, H. Mohammdi, M. Ebrahimi-Mameghani","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00159","url":null,"abstract":"ORZ (amino acid sequence: Gly-Tyr-Pro-Met-Tyr-Pro-LeuPro-Arg) is a digestion resistant peptide elicited from brown rice (molecular weight= 1093.3). The brown rice bio-active peptide illustrate various functions such as Polymorphonuclear cells stimulation, activation of C3a (one of the complement system components) receptor (C3aR) and the ileum contraction [1-2]. ORZ activates C3aR and imitates C3a function. The ORZ modification was firstly performed to produce a digestion resistant peptide with enhanced affinity to C3aR. Oral administration of modified ORZ, through the digestive system, induces a number of relatively important functions such as anti-amnesic, anorexigenic and antianalgesic ones [3,4].","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41265899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00157
B. Asanov
{"title":"Organism Cleansing and Human Life Prolongation","authors":"B. Asanov","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00158
Español Marta, M. Berta, Llobell Arturo, C. María, Boronat Anna
MOJ Immunol 2017, 5(3): 00158 vector). After collecting T-cells, usually from patient’s blood (leukoapheresis), they are ex-vivo modified by introducing CAR and by inducing its expression on the T-cell surface. After expanding these CAR+ T-cells, these cells are infused in the bloodstream of the patient to generate a specific immune response against tumour. CART cells become able to recognize cancerous cells through the specificity of a scFv (single-chain variable fragment) to detect an antigen on the surface of the tumour cells, and after that to kill them [2,3]. The affinity and the avidity of the interaction between a CAR and its ligand are higher than the interaction between T cell receptor (TCR) and its peptide-MHC ligand; however, a CAR (instead of TCRs) is unable to recognize intracellular molecules [4]. CAR consists of the combination of a scFv sequence, a transmembrane region and (usually at least two) domains activating for T-cells, such as signalling domains of CD3, CD28 and/or CD137 [5]. Although most of clinical trials are focused on refractory B cell lymphoprolipherative disorders, the CAR strategy is also being relied upon solid tumours. In any case the employment of CARs is not restricted to cancer therapy. A variety of CARs have been used to treat different pathologies such as viral or fungal infections [6] and autoimmune diseases, the main aspect reviewed in this article.
{"title":"Future of Chimeric Antigen Receptors (Cars): Could it Drive Solutions Beyond Cancer? Examples in Autoimmune Diseases","authors":"Español Marta, M. Berta, Llobell Arturo, C. María, Boronat Anna","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00158","url":null,"abstract":"MOJ Immunol 2017, 5(3): 00158 vector). After collecting T-cells, usually from patient’s blood (leukoapheresis), they are ex-vivo modified by introducing CAR and by inducing its expression on the T-cell surface. After expanding these CAR+ T-cells, these cells are infused in the bloodstream of the patient to generate a specific immune response against tumour. CART cells become able to recognize cancerous cells through the specificity of a scFv (single-chain variable fragment) to detect an antigen on the surface of the tumour cells, and after that to kill them [2,3]. The affinity and the avidity of the interaction between a CAR and its ligand are higher than the interaction between T cell receptor (TCR) and its peptide-MHC ligand; however, a CAR (instead of TCRs) is unable to recognize intracellular molecules [4]. CAR consists of the combination of a scFv sequence, a transmembrane region and (usually at least two) domains activating for T-cells, such as signalling domains of CD3, CD28 and/or CD137 [5]. Although most of clinical trials are focused on refractory B cell lymphoprolipherative disorders, the CAR strategy is also being relied upon solid tumours. In any case the employment of CARs is not restricted to cancer therapy. A variety of CARs have been used to treat different pathologies such as viral or fungal infections [6] and autoimmune diseases, the main aspect reviewed in this article.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42712682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-15DOI: 10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00156
Joseph F. Murphy
Advances in cellular and molecular immunology have provided enormous insights into the nature and consequences of interactions between tumors and immune cells. This knowledge continues to lead to strategies that marshal the immune system to treat established malignancies. The most heralded class of immuno-oncology drugs are the immune checkpoint inhibitors, which work by blocking the molecules that switch off immune cells, thus increasing tumor immunogenicity. While monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and vaccines have shown promise individually, it is likely that the best strategy to combat cancer will be to utilize a combinatorial approach. Varying combination strategies demonstrate benefit in different patient populations. One such strategy that has received little attention is the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in combination with immunotherapy. This editorial briefly discusses the potential for such a strategy.
{"title":"Anti-Cancer Therapy: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) in Combination with Immunotherapy","authors":"Joseph F. Murphy","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00156","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in cellular and molecular immunology have provided enormous insights into the nature and consequences of interactions between tumors and immune cells. This knowledge continues to lead to strategies that marshal the immune system to treat established malignancies. The most heralded class of immuno-oncology drugs are the immune checkpoint inhibitors, which work by blocking the molecules that switch off immune cells, thus increasing tumor immunogenicity. While monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and vaccines have shown promise individually, it is likely that the best strategy to combat cancer will be to utilize a combinatorial approach. Varying combination strategies demonstrate benefit in different patient populations. One such strategy that has received little attention is the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in combination with immunotherapy. This editorial briefly discusses the potential for such a strategy.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49565637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-10DOI: 10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00155
L. Hold
{"title":"Research Proves the Brain Functions at Higher Levels When We Avoid \"Hidden\" Food Allergies & the Elimination Solution","authors":"L. Hold","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45945961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-10DOI: 10.15406/moji.2017.05.00154
L. Hold
{"title":"Can we Use a Genogram to Identify Potential Life Threatening Food Allergies in a Child","authors":"L. Hold","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43446826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-06DOI: 10.15406/moji.2017.05.00153
G. Rumi
Elegant works such as the paper of Pastor-Vargas and colleagues have shown that some of the most allergenic proteinsincluding also the Pru p3-come into contact with the immune system of the infant well before six months [3]. As well as other proteins that are introduced prematurely, these are at the same time very dangerous. For example, concerning the PR10, we have introduced carrots in the vegetable broth used during the first months of weaning. The carrot PR-10 are less labile to digestion and heat, and this kind of protein would seem to be, together with those contained in soy and celery, the most indicted for systemic reactions. Why do we not reflect more deeply on the most common scenarios in order to raise awareness in different population. We should think about the most common allergens for every population and speculate how to introduce them in the infants weaning. How come that alongside the traditional food there are not integrated amounts of protein subsidiaries, belonging to genres of families as the PR-10 or the calcium binding protein that could improve the outcome of tolerance for different allergens [4]? Why the scientific community does not invest more in such a delicate and complex area of interest? Shall we investigate what are the proteins and not the food to be introduced before the child consumption? Which kind of protein is better to introduce in maternal consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding period? As an allergist and as a father I hereby submit these questions to the attention of the scientific community.
{"title":"Weaning in Italy between Myths and Reality","authors":"G. Rumi","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00153","url":null,"abstract":"Elegant works such as the paper of Pastor-Vargas and colleagues have shown that some of the most allergenic proteinsincluding also the Pru p3-come into contact with the immune system of the infant well before six months [3]. As well as other proteins that are introduced prematurely, these are at the same time very dangerous. For example, concerning the PR10, we have introduced carrots in the vegetable broth used during the first months of weaning. The carrot PR-10 are less labile to digestion and heat, and this kind of protein would seem to be, together with those contained in soy and celery, the most indicted for systemic reactions. Why do we not reflect more deeply on the most common scenarios in order to raise awareness in different population. We should think about the most common allergens for every population and speculate how to introduce them in the infants weaning. How come that alongside the traditional food there are not integrated amounts of protein subsidiaries, belonging to genres of families as the PR-10 or the calcium binding protein that could improve the outcome of tolerance for different allergens [4]? Why the scientific community does not invest more in such a delicate and complex area of interest? Shall we investigate what are the proteins and not the food to be introduced before the child consumption? Which kind of protein is better to introduce in maternal consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding period? As an allergist and as a father I hereby submit these questions to the attention of the scientific community.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42505716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-17DOI: 10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00152
M. Mahdavi, Mahboobeh Cheragh, K. Bagheri, Mohammad Mehdi Adibzadeh, A. Tajik, HamedMemariani, Mohammad Ali Savoji, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Ghahari, D. Shahbazzadeh
Studies show that, royal jelly as a naturally substance could improves immune responses. So, here, royal jelly as adjuvant was used in mixture with a recombinant multi-epitope HIV-1 vaccine model and cellular and humoral immune pattern was analyzed. Mice were immunized three times with recombinant HIV-1 vaccine that formulated in Royal jelly or mixture of Royal jelly/alum with two week interval. Then lymphocyte proliferation assessed with BrdU and IL-4, IFN-γ cytokines, total IgG antibodies and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgM isotypes were assessed with ELISA. Results show Royal jellyas adjuvant increased lymphocyteproliferationand IFN-γ cytokine secretion versus control groups (P<0.05).Also, Royal jelly has increased total antibody and isotypes of antibody such as IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b (P<0.05).Overally, Royal jelly at dose of 10 µg could increase cellular and humoral immune responses alone and shows synergistic effect with alum adjuvant in the improvement of immunologic parameters. It is believed that bioactive molecules in Royal jelly could act as immunopotentiator as a part of mixture adjuvant and promote Th1 immune platform.
{"title":"Adjuvant Effect of Royal Jelly on HIV-1 Multi-Epitope Vaccine Candidate: Induction of Th1 Cytokine Pattern","authors":"M. Mahdavi, Mahboobeh Cheragh, K. Bagheri, Mohammad Mehdi Adibzadeh, A. Tajik, HamedMemariani, Mohammad Ali Savoji, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Ghahari, D. Shahbazzadeh","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00152","url":null,"abstract":"Studies show that, royal jelly as a naturally substance could improves immune responses. So, here, royal jelly as adjuvant was used in mixture with a recombinant multi-epitope HIV-1 vaccine model and cellular and humoral immune pattern was analyzed. Mice were immunized three times with recombinant HIV-1 vaccine that formulated in Royal jelly or mixture of Royal jelly/alum with two week interval. Then lymphocyte proliferation assessed with BrdU and IL-4, IFN-γ cytokines, total IgG antibodies and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgM isotypes were assessed with ELISA. Results show Royal jellyas adjuvant increased lymphocyteproliferationand IFN-γ cytokine secretion versus control groups (P<0.05).Also, Royal jelly has increased total antibody and isotypes of antibody such as IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b (P<0.05).Overally, Royal jelly at dose of 10 µg could increase cellular and humoral immune responses alone and shows synergistic effect with alum adjuvant in the improvement of immunologic parameters. It is believed that bioactive molecules in Royal jelly could act as immunopotentiator as a part of mixture adjuvant and promote Th1 immune platform.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42077843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-16DOI: 10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00150
Braira Wahid, Khansa Wahid, Sohaib Bin Wahid
Breast cancer is the most common cancer that affects millions of people worldwide. Delayed diagnosis of these cancers has increased the morbidity and mortality. However, the vast research on cancer biomarkers during recent years provide a powerful and dynamic approach to understand the wide spectrum of cancers with applications in prognosis, diagnosis, screening, randomized clinical trials, and observational and analytic epidemiology. Cancer biomarkers have tremendously increased the efficacy of treatment and efficacy of detection. We have comprehensively summarized various biomarkers of breast cancer and highlighted recent research.
{"title":"An Update on Breast Cancer Biomarkers","authors":"Braira Wahid, Khansa Wahid, Sohaib Bin Wahid","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00150","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the most common cancer that affects millions of people worldwide. Delayed diagnosis of these cancers has increased the morbidity and mortality. However, the vast research on cancer biomarkers during recent years provide a powerful and dynamic approach to understand the wide spectrum of cancers with applications in prognosis, diagnosis, screening, randomized clinical trials, and observational and analytic epidemiology. Cancer biomarkers have tremendously increased the efficacy of treatment and efficacy of detection. We have comprehensively summarized various biomarkers of breast cancer and highlighted recent research.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44755365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-16DOI: 10.15406/moji.2017.05.00151
H. A. Edinur, Geoffrey Keith Chamber
Information about genetic ancestry has a great value in health studies and other related areas of expertise such as anthropology, forensics and pharmacogenomics. In this review, we highlight several aspects of health that can be significantly improved by better understanding of genetic ancestry. These observations were made possible based on our own medical genetic research in Asia/Pacific populations (i.e. in particular regarding Maori and Orang Asli of New Zealand and Peninsular Malaysia, respectively). The major objectives of this programme of investigations has been to capture and understand genetic diversity in these populations and subsequently to make recommendations in order to maximise the health benefits of this type of population genetic research.
{"title":"Genetic Ancestry and Health","authors":"H. A. Edinur, Geoffrey Keith Chamber","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00151","url":null,"abstract":"Information about genetic ancestry has a great value in health studies and other related areas of expertise such as anthropology, forensics and pharmacogenomics. In this review, we highlight several aspects of health that can be significantly improved by better understanding of genetic ancestry. These observations were made possible based on our own medical genetic research in Asia/Pacific populations (i.e. in particular regarding Maori and Orang Asli of New Zealand and Peninsular Malaysia, respectively). The major objectives of this programme of investigations has been to capture and understand genetic diversity in these populations and subsequently to make recommendations in order to maximise the health benefits of this type of population genetic research.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43963246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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