BACKGROUND:The adsorption of activated charcoal is currently a major clinical treatment for acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP). However, the adsorption duration and efficiency of this method is unstable. OBJECTIVE:In this study, a hydrogel embedding activated charcoal was prepared and its alleviating effects on AOPP were investigated. METHODS:A composite hydrogel using sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (SA-PVA) hydrogel was prepared in this study. The structural properties of the SA-PVA hydrogel were characterized via multiple analysis including FTIR, TGA, XRD, SEM, tensile strength and expansion rate. Based on these, activated charcoal (AC) was embedded within the SA-PVA hydrogel (SA-PVA-AC) and it was used for the treatment of AOPP. RESULTS:Structural characterization indicated SA-PVA hydrogel possesses excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The in vivo study demonstrated that SA-PVA-AC significantly alleviated the inflammation and oxidative damage in the liver, as evidenced by reduced levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and, IL-1β, SOD, and MDA. Furthermore, SA-PVA-AC treatment effectively re-regulated the activities of serum AST and ALT, exhibiting an improved effect on liver function. CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that activated charcoal embedded within SA-PVA hydrogel has significant potential as a therapeutic agent in treating AOPP, and offering a novel approach to managing pesticide-induced toxicity.
{"title":"Enhanced treatment of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning using activated charcoal-embedded sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel","authors":"Li Yan, Ying Peng","doi":"10.3233/bme-240007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-240007","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The adsorption of activated charcoal is currently a major clinical treatment for acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP). However, the adsorption duration and efficiency of this method is unstable. OBJECTIVE:In this study, a hydrogel embedding activated charcoal was prepared and its alleviating effects on AOPP were investigated. METHODS:A composite hydrogel using sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (SA-PVA) hydrogel was prepared in this study. The structural properties of the SA-PVA hydrogel were characterized via multiple analysis including FTIR, TGA, XRD, SEM, tensile strength and expansion rate. Based on these, activated charcoal (AC) was embedded within the SA-PVA hydrogel (SA-PVA-AC) and it was used for the treatment of AOPP. RESULTS:Structural characterization indicated SA-PVA hydrogel possesses excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The in vivo study demonstrated that SA-PVA-AC significantly alleviated the inflammation and oxidative damage in the liver, as evidenced by reduced levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and, IL-1β, SOD, and MDA. Furthermore, SA-PVA-AC treatment effectively re-regulated the activities of serum AST and ALT, exhibiting an improved effect on liver function. CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that activated charcoal embedded within SA-PVA hydrogel has significant potential as a therapeutic agent in treating AOPP, and offering a novel approach to managing pesticide-induced toxicity.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140589165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blaire V. Slavin, Nicholas A. Mirsky, Zachary M. Stauber, Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak, James E. Smay, Cristobal F. Rivera, Dindo Q. Mijares, Paulo G. Coelho, Bruce N. Cronstein, Nick Tovar, Lukasz Witek
BACKGROUND:β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) has been successfully utilized as a 3D printed ceramic scaffold in the repair of non-healing bone defects; however, it requires the addition of growth factors to augment its regenerative capacity. Synthetic bone mineral (SBM) is a novel and extrudable carbonate hydroxyapatite with ionic substitutions known to facilitate bone healing. However, its efficacy as a 3D printed scaffold for hard tissue defect repair has not been explored. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the biocompatibility and cell viability of human osteoprecursor (hOP) cells seeded on 3D printed SBM scaffolds via in vitro analysis. METHODS:SBM and β-TCP scaffolds were fabricated via 3D printing and sintered at various temperatures. Scaffolds were then subject to qualitative cytotoxicity testing and cell proliferation experiments utilizing (hOP) cells. RESULTS:SBM scaffolds sintered at lower temperatures (600 °C and 700 °C) induced greater levels of acute cellular stress. At higher sintering temperatures (1100 °C), SBM scaffolds showed inferior cellular viability relative to β-TCP scaffolds sintered to the same temperature (1100 °C). However, qualitative analysis suggested that β-TCP presented no evidence of morphological change, while SBM 1100 °C showed few instances of acute cellular stress. CONCLUSION:Results demonstrate SBM may be a promising alternative to β-TCP for potential applications in bone tissue engineering.
{"title":"3D printed β-tricalcium phosphate versus synthetic bone mineral scaffolds: A comparative in vitro study of biocompatibility","authors":"Blaire V. Slavin, Nicholas A. Mirsky, Zachary M. Stauber, Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak, James E. Smay, Cristobal F. Rivera, Dindo Q. Mijares, Paulo G. Coelho, Bruce N. Cronstein, Nick Tovar, Lukasz Witek","doi":"10.3233/bme-230214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230214","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) has been successfully utilized as a 3D printed ceramic scaffold in the repair of non-healing bone defects; however, it requires the addition of growth factors to augment its regenerative capacity. Synthetic bone mineral (SBM) is a novel and extrudable carbonate hydroxyapatite with ionic substitutions known to facilitate bone healing. However, its efficacy as a 3D printed scaffold for hard tissue defect repair has not been explored. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the biocompatibility and cell viability of human osteoprecursor (hOP) cells seeded on 3D printed SBM scaffolds via in vitro analysis. METHODS:SBM and β-TCP scaffolds were fabricated via 3D printing and sintered at various temperatures. Scaffolds were then subject to qualitative cytotoxicity testing and cell proliferation experiments utilizing (hOP) cells. RESULTS:SBM scaffolds sintered at lower temperatures (600 °C and 700 °C) induced greater levels of acute cellular stress. At higher sintering temperatures (1100 °C), SBM scaffolds showed inferior cellular viability relative to β-TCP scaffolds sintered to the same temperature (1100 °C). However, qualitative analysis suggested that β-TCP presented no evidence of morphological change, while SBM 1100 °C showed few instances of acute cellular stress. CONCLUSION:Results demonstrate SBM may be a promising alternative to β-TCP for potential applications in bone tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140589096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND:The incidence of arterial stenosis is increasing year by year. In order to better diagnose and treat arterial stenosis, numerical simulation technology has become a popular method. OBJECTIVE:A novel model is constructed to investigate the influence of microcirculation on the hemodynamicsof artery bypass graft. METHODS:In this paper, a severely narrow artery bypass graft model is considered. The geometric shape includes a narrow artery tube and a bypass graft of the same diameter with a 45° suture angle. The fluid-structure interaction model is considered by finite element numerical calculation, and the flow is simulated with microcirculation as the outlet boundary condition. The changes of blood flow velocity, pressure and wall shear stress are analyzed. RESULTS:The results show that blood almost entirely flows into the graft tube and there is no recirculation area at the anastomosis. CONCLUSION:The artery bypass graft model considering microcirculation function could simulate the physiological characteristics of blood flow more reasonably, and it provide helps for clinicians to diagnose and treat arterial stenosis.
{"title":"A hemodynamic model of artery bypass graft considering microcirculation function","authors":"Fan He, Minru Li, Lu Hua, Tingting Guo","doi":"10.3233/bme-230145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230145","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The incidence of arterial stenosis is increasing year by year. In order to better diagnose and treat arterial stenosis, numerical simulation technology has become a popular method. OBJECTIVE:A novel model is constructed to investigate the influence of microcirculation on the hemodynamicsof artery bypass graft. METHODS:In this paper, a severely narrow artery bypass graft model is considered. The geometric shape includes a narrow artery tube and a bypass graft of the same diameter with a 45° suture angle. The fluid-structure interaction model is considered by finite element numerical calculation, and the flow is simulated with microcirculation as the outlet boundary condition. The changes of blood flow velocity, pressure and wall shear stress are analyzed. RESULTS:The results show that blood almost entirely flows into the graft tube and there is no recirculation area at the anastomosis. CONCLUSION:The artery bypass graft model considering microcirculation function could simulate the physiological characteristics of blood flow more reasonably, and it provide helps for clinicians to diagnose and treat arterial stenosis.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140075869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaojiang Liu, Zongfeng Guo, Jun Li, Demo Wu, Zhongping Liu, Cheng Guan, Yixiang Guan, Xiaomin Lu
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis. Although Resveratrol (Rsv) is known to have therapeutic effects on glioma, the effects of gold-conjugated resveratrol nanoparticles (Rsv-AuNPs) on glioma cells are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to investigate theeffects of Rsv-AuNPs on glioma cells and its underlying mechanism. METHOD:Human glioma cell line U87 was treated with different concentrations of Rsv-AuNPs. CCK-8, transwell, and wound healing assay were performed to measure the effects of Rsv-AuNPs on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration ability, respectively. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect the effects of Rsv-AuNPs on apoptosis. Changes of protein expressions related to proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were measured by Western blot assay. In addition, the inhibitory role of Rsv-AuNPs in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was verified by using PI3K inhibitor LY294002. RESULTS:Rsv-AuNPs treatment significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells (all P < 0.05) and increased the apoptosis rate (P < 0.05). The changes of proteins related to proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were consistent (all P < 0.05). Moreover, Rsv-AuNPs treatment significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR proteins in U87 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The present study found that Rsv-AuNPs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells and induced apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In the future, Rsv-AuNPs might be applied to the clinical treatment of glioma through more in-depth animal and clinical research.
{"title":"Effect of gold-conjugated resveratrol nanoparticles on glioma cells and its underlying mechanism","authors":"Xiaojiang Liu, Zongfeng Guo, Jun Li, Demo Wu, Zhongping Liu, Cheng Guan, Yixiang Guan, Xiaomin Lu","doi":"10.3233/bme-230171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230171","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis. Although Resveratrol (Rsv) is known to have therapeutic effects on glioma, the effects of gold-conjugated resveratrol nanoparticles (Rsv-AuNPs) on glioma cells are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to investigate theeffects of Rsv-AuNPs on glioma cells and its underlying mechanism. METHOD:Human glioma cell line U87 was treated with different concentrations of Rsv-AuNPs. CCK-8, transwell, and wound healing assay were performed to measure the effects of Rsv-AuNPs on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration ability, respectively. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect the effects of Rsv-AuNPs on apoptosis. Changes of protein expressions related to proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were measured by Western blot assay. In addition, the inhibitory role of Rsv-AuNPs in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was verified by using PI3K inhibitor LY294002. RESULTS:Rsv-AuNPs treatment significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells (all P < 0.05) and increased the apoptosis rate (P < 0.05). The changes of proteins related to proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were consistent (all P < 0.05). Moreover, Rsv-AuNPs treatment significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR proteins in U87 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The present study found that Rsv-AuNPs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells and induced apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In the future, Rsv-AuNPs might be applied to the clinical treatment of glioma through more in-depth animal and clinical research.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140075491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND:The clinical outcomes of bipolar radiofrequency (RF) lipolysis, a prevalent non-invasive fat reduction procedure, hinge on the delicate balance between effective lipolysis and patient safety, with skin overheating and subsequent tissue damage as primary concerns. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate a novel bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis technique, safeguarding the skin through an innovative PID temperature control algorithm. METHODS:Utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, a two-dimensional fat and skin tissue model was established, simulating various PID temperature control schemes. The crux of the simulation involved a comparative analysis of different PID temperatures at 45 °C, 50 °C, and 55 °C and constant power strategies, assessing their implications on skin temperature. Concurrently, a custom bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis device was developed, with ex vivo experiments conducted using porcine tissue for empirical validation. RESULTS:The findings indicated that with PID settings of Kp = 7, Ki = 2, and Kd = 0, and skin temperature control at 45 °C or 50 °C, the innovative PID-based epidermal temperature control strategy successfully maintained the epidermal temperature within a safe range. This maintenance was achieved without compromising the effectiveness of RF lipolysis, significantly reducing the risk of thermal damage to the skin layers. CONCLUSION:Our research confirms the substantial practical utility of this advanced PID-based bipolar RF lipolysis technique in clinical aesthetic procedures, enhancing patient safety during adipose tissue ablation therapies.
{"title":"Simulation-guided development of advanced PID control algorithm for skin cooling in radiofrequency lipolysis","authors":"Binyu Wang, Lianru Zang, Yingxi Lu, Mengying Zhan, Tingting Sun, Yu Zhou, Chengli Song","doi":"10.3233/bme-230185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230185","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The clinical outcomes of bipolar radiofrequency (RF) lipolysis, a prevalent non-invasive fat reduction procedure, hinge on the delicate balance between effective lipolysis and patient safety, with skin overheating and subsequent tissue damage as primary concerns. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate a novel bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis technique, safeguarding the skin through an innovative PID temperature control algorithm. METHODS:Utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, a two-dimensional fat and skin tissue model was established, simulating various PID temperature control schemes. The crux of the simulation involved a comparative analysis of different PID temperatures at 45 °C, 50 °C, and 55 °C and constant power strategies, assessing their implications on skin temperature. Concurrently, a custom bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis device was developed, with ex vivo experiments conducted using porcine tissue for empirical validation. RESULTS:The findings indicated that with PID settings of Kp = 7, Ki = 2, and Kd = 0, and skin temperature control at 45 °C or 50 °C, the innovative PID-based epidermal temperature control strategy successfully maintained the epidermal temperature within a safe range. This maintenance was achieved without compromising the effectiveness of RF lipolysis, significantly reducing the risk of thermal damage to the skin layers. CONCLUSION:Our research confirms the substantial practical utility of this advanced PID-based bipolar RF lipolysis technique in clinical aesthetic procedures, enhancing patient safety during adipose tissue ablation therapies.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND:The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component of artificial joints is one of the most important factors affecting the clinical outcomes of joint arthroplasty. Although the possibility of in vivo UHMWPE degradation caused by absorbed lipids has been reported, a quantitative evaluation of this phenomenon has not yet been performed. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to establish the lipid index (LI) as a quantitative indicator of the amount of absorbed lipids and the first step to quantify their effects on UHMWPE. METHODS:The LI was defined using the infrared spectrum obtained with a Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer and verified using the retrieved UHMWPE components. RESULTS:The LI was consistent with the amount of extract recovered in reflux extraction with hexane. In addition, the LI could replace lipid extraction for calculating the oxidation index (OI) because the value obtained by subtracting the LI from the OI showed good agreement with the OI obtained after lipid extraction. CONCLUSION:The LI represents the amount of lipids absorbed by UHMWPE and is useful for quantitatively evaluating the effects of lipids on UHMWPE. In addition, the LI enables OI measurements that are unaffected by absorbed lipids without requiring troublesome lipid-extraction procedures.
背景：人工关节的超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）组件是影响关节置换术临床效果的最重要因素之一。虽然有报道称吸收的脂质可能导致体内超高分子量聚乙烯降解，但尚未对这一现象进行定量评估。目的：本研究旨在确定脂质指数（LI），作为吸收脂质量的定量指标和量化脂质对超高分子量聚乙烯影响的第一步。方法：使用傅立叶变换红外分光光度计获得的红外光谱来定义脂质指数，并使用回收的超高分子量聚乙烯成分进行验证。结果：LI 与正己烷回流提取中回收的提取物量一致。此外，LI 可以代替脂质萃取来计算氧化指数（OI），因为从 OI 中减去 LI 后得到的值与脂质萃取后得到的 OI 非常一致。结论：LI 表示超高分子量聚乙烯吸收的脂质量，有助于定量评估脂质对超高分子量聚乙烯的影响。此外，LI 还能测量不受吸收脂质影响的 OI，而无需麻烦的脂质提取程序。
{"title":"Lipid index to quantify the absorbed lipids in retrieved UHMWPE components of joint arthroplasty","authors":"Hideyuki Sakoda, Yusuke Tsuboko, Yoshihiro Okamoto, Eiichi Yamamoto, Takashi Imagama, Takashi Sakai, Hidetoshi Hamada, Nobuhiko Sugano","doi":"10.3233/bme-230183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230183","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component of artificial joints is one of the most important factors affecting the clinical outcomes of joint arthroplasty. Although the possibility of in vivo UHMWPE degradation caused by absorbed lipids has been reported, a quantitative evaluation of this phenomenon has not yet been performed. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to establish the lipid index (LI) as a quantitative indicator of the amount of absorbed lipids and the first step to quantify their effects on UHMWPE. METHODS:The LI was defined using the infrared spectrum obtained with a Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer and verified using the retrieved UHMWPE components. RESULTS:The LI was consistent with the amount of extract recovered in reflux extraction with hexane. In addition, the LI could replace lipid extraction for calculating the oxidation index (OI) because the value obtained by subtracting the LI from the OI showed good agreement with the OI obtained after lipid extraction. CONCLUSION:The LI represents the amount of lipids absorbed by UHMWPE and is useful for quantitatively evaluating the effects of lipids on UHMWPE. In addition, the LI enables OI measurements that are unaffected by absorbed lipids without requiring troublesome lipid-extraction procedures.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139551715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haibin Tang, Dimeng Wu, Zheng Liu, Xi Liu, Heng Yuan, Xiaosong Jin, Shuai Gao, Gang Chen
BACKGROUND:Ureteral stents are commonly used in urology. However, complications such as encrustation and infection on the surface of the stent, and injury to the ureteral mucosa can occur after implantation, causing discomfort for patients. OBJECTIVE:We intend to confirm the biosafety of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hydrophilic coating and its lubrication properties for surface modification of ureteral stents to reduce friction and improve patient comfort. METHODS:Based on our previous studies, we have developed a PVP hydrophilic coating for surface modification of ureteral stents. We firstly investigated the cytotoxicity, intradermal irritation, delayed type hypersensitivity, and acute systemic reactions of stent coating extracts. We further characterized the break strength, retention strength, and dynamic friction of the stent. RESULTS:The cell survival rate of all experimental groups was greater than 70%. No hypersensitivity reaction, systemic toxicity reaction, or obvious intradermal reaction were observed. The above results indicate that the test results of the modified stent meet the requirements of ISO 10993-5: 2009 (Cytotoxicity); ISO 10993-10:2021 (Sensitization and Irritation); ISO 10993-11:2017 (Acute Systemic Toxicity). After soaking in artificial urine for an extended period, there was no obvious change in its super-slip performance. CONCLUSION:Our results confirm the safety and lubrication characteristics of PVP hydrophilic coating for ureteral stent surface modification. The performance of this coating has the potential to reduce complications after stent implantation, thereby improving patient comfort, reducing medical burden, and has a good clinical application prospect.
背景：输尿管支架常用于泌尿外科。然而，植入后可能会出现支架表面结壳和感染、输尿管粘膜损伤等并发症，给患者带来不适。目的：我们打算证实聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）亲水涂层的生物安全性及其润滑特性，用于输尿管支架的表面改性，以减少摩擦，提高患者的舒适度。方法：在以往研究的基础上，我们开发了一种用于输尿管支架表面改性的 PVP 亲水涂层。我们首先研究了支架涂层提取物的细胞毒性、皮内刺激性、迟发型超敏反应和急性全身反应。我们还进一步测定了支架的断裂强度、保持强度和动态摩擦力。结果：所有实验组的细胞存活率均大于 70%。未观察到超敏反应、全身毒性反应或明显的皮内反应。上述结果表明，改良支架的测试结果符合 ISO 10993-5:2009（细胞毒性）、ISO 10993-10:2021（致敏性和刺激性）、ISO 10993-11:2017（急性全身毒性）的要求。在人工尿液中长时间浸泡后，超滑性能没有明显变化。结论：我们的研究结果证实了用于输尿管支架表面改性的 PVP 亲水涂层的安全性和润滑特性。该涂层的性能有望减少支架植入后的并发症，从而提高患者的舒适度，减轻医疗负担，具有良好的临床应用前景。
{"title":"Polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogel coating for ureteral stent: Safety and performance evaluation","authors":"Haibin Tang, Dimeng Wu, Zheng Liu, Xi Liu, Heng Yuan, Xiaosong Jin, Shuai Gao, Gang Chen","doi":"10.3233/bme-230179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230179","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Ureteral stents are commonly used in urology. However, complications such as encrustation and infection on the surface of the stent, and injury to the ureteral mucosa can occur after implantation, causing discomfort for patients. OBJECTIVE:We intend to confirm the biosafety of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hydrophilic coating and its lubrication properties for surface modification of ureteral stents to reduce friction and improve patient comfort. METHODS:Based on our previous studies, we have developed a PVP hydrophilic coating for surface modification of ureteral stents. We firstly investigated the cytotoxicity, intradermal irritation, delayed type hypersensitivity, and acute systemic reactions of stent coating extracts. We further characterized the break strength, retention strength, and dynamic friction of the stent. RESULTS:The cell survival rate of all experimental groups was greater than 70%. No hypersensitivity reaction, systemic toxicity reaction, or obvious intradermal reaction were observed. The above results indicate that the test results of the modified stent meet the requirements of ISO 10993-5: 2009 (Cytotoxicity); ISO 10993-10:2021 (Sensitization and Irritation); ISO 10993-11:2017 (Acute Systemic Toxicity). After soaking in artificial urine for an extended period, there was no obvious change in its super-slip performance. CONCLUSION:Our results confirm the safety and lubrication characteristics of PVP hydrophilic coating for ureteral stent surface modification. The performance of this coating has the potential to reduce complications after stent implantation, thereby improving patient comfort, reducing medical burden, and has a good clinical application prospect.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yutao Zhang, Shu Du, Wurikaixi Aiyiti, Yong Teng, Ru Jia, Houfeng Jiang
BACKGROUND:Intervertebral cages used in clinical applications were often general products with standard specifications, which were challenging to match with the cervical vertebra and prone to cause stress shielding and subsidence. OBJECTIVE:To design and fabricate customized tantalum (Ta) intervertebral fusion cages that meets the biomechanical requirements of the cervical segment. METHODS:The lattice intervertebral cages were customized designed and fabricated by the selective laser melting. The joint and muscle forces of the cervical segment under different movements were analyzed using reverse dynamics method. The stress characteristics of cage, plate, screws and vertebral endplate were analyzed by finite element analysis. The fluid flow behaviors and permeability of three lattice structures were simulated by computational fluid dynamics. Compression tests were executed to investigate the biomechanical properties of the cages. RESULTS:Compared with the solid cages, the lattice-filled structures significantly reduced the stress of cages and anterior fixation system. In comparison to the octahedroid and quaddiametral lattice-filled cages, the bitriangle lattice-filled cage had a lower stress shielding rate, higher permeability, and superior subsidence resistance ability. CONCLUSION:The inverse dynamics simulation combined with finite element analysis is an effective method to investigate the biomechanical properties of the cervical vertebra during movements.
{"title":"Customized design and biomechanical property analysis of 3D-printed tantalum intervertebral cages","authors":"Yutao Zhang, Shu Du, Wurikaixi Aiyiti, Yong Teng, Ru Jia, Houfeng Jiang","doi":"10.3233/bme-230154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230154","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Intervertebral cages used in clinical applications were often general products with standard specifications, which were challenging to match with the cervical vertebra and prone to cause stress shielding and subsidence. OBJECTIVE:To design and fabricate customized tantalum (Ta) intervertebral fusion cages that meets the biomechanical requirements of the cervical segment. METHODS:The lattice intervertebral cages were customized designed and fabricated by the selective laser melting. The joint and muscle forces of the cervical segment under different movements were analyzed using reverse dynamics method. The stress characteristics of cage, plate, screws and vertebral endplate were analyzed by finite element analysis. The fluid flow behaviors and permeability of three lattice structures were simulated by computational fluid dynamics. Compression tests were executed to investigate the biomechanical properties of the cages. RESULTS:Compared with the solid cages, the lattice-filled structures significantly reduced the stress of cages and anterior fixation system. In comparison to the octahedroid and quaddiametral lattice-filled cages, the bitriangle lattice-filled cage had a lower stress shielding rate, higher permeability, and superior subsidence resistance ability. CONCLUSION:The inverse dynamics simulation combined with finite element analysis is an effective method to investigate the biomechanical properties of the cervical vertebra during movements.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139459721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND:Infections related to joint prosthesis are still a major concern for orthopedic surgeons. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a useful biocompatible material because of its good osteocompatibility. Antibacterial HA coatings have been fabricated with addition of antibacterial agents such as Ag to HA using the plasma spraying method. However, the plasma-sprayed HA coating suffers from fractures at large thicknesses. The sputter-coated HA thin film has a high density, and has been applied clinically for dental implants. However, there are no extensive studies on Ag-containing HA thin films. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to prepare an Ag-containing HA thin film by sputtering, and evaluate its antibacterial effect and cytotoxicity. METHODS:The Ag-containing HA thin films were prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The films were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial activities and cytotoxicities of the films were also evaluated. RESULTS:The Ag/Ca molar ratio of the films increased with the Ag ratio in the target. The SEM observation of the hydrothermally treated films showed surfaces covered with globular particles. All Ag-containing HA films exhibited an antibacterial effect against E. Coli. The number of cells of the films decreased with the Ag ratio. The films subjected to the hydrothermal treatment exhibited a higher number of cells than the as-sputtered films. CONCLUSION:The Ag-containing HA thin film was effective in terms of antibacterial effect, and had a low cytotoxicity in the proliferation of osteoblast cells at a low Ag ratio in the target.
背景：与关节假体有关的感染仍是整形外科医生关注的主要问题。羟基磷灰石（HA）具有良好的骨相容性，是一种有用的生物相容性材料。抗菌 HA 涂层是利用等离子喷涂法在 HA 中添加 Ag 等抗菌剂制成的。然而，等离子喷涂的 HA 涂层在厚度较大时会出现断裂。溅射涂层的 HA 薄膜具有高密度，已被临床应用于牙科植入物。然而，目前还没有关于含银 HA 薄膜的广泛研究。目的：本研究旨在通过溅射法制备含Ag的HA薄膜，并评估其抗菌效果和细胞毒性。方法：采用射频磁控溅射法制备含Ag的HA薄膜。利用 X 射线光电子能谱、X 射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对薄膜进行了表征。此外，还对薄膜的抗菌活性和细胞毒性进行了评估。结果：薄膜的Ag/Ca摩尔比随着靶材中Ag比例的增加而增加。水热处理薄膜的扫描电镜观察结果表明，薄膜表面覆盖着球状颗粒。所有含银的 HA 薄膜都对大肠杆菌有抗菌作用。薄膜上的细胞数量随含银量的增加而减少。经过水热处理的薄膜的细胞数要高于溅射薄膜。结论：含Ag的HA薄膜具有有效的抗菌效果，并且在低Ag比例的靶材中对成骨细胞的增殖具有较低的细胞毒性。
{"title":"Antibacterial effect of Ag-containing hydroxyapatite thin film fabricated by sputtering","authors":"K. Ozeki, Y. Nakajima","doi":"10.3233/bme-230131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230131","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Infections related to joint prosthesis are still a major concern for orthopedic surgeons. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a useful biocompatible material because of its good osteocompatibility. Antibacterial HA coatings have been fabricated with addition of antibacterial agents such as Ag to HA using the plasma spraying method. However, the plasma-sprayed HA coating suffers from fractures at large thicknesses. The sputter-coated HA thin film has a high density, and has been applied clinically for dental implants. However, there are no extensive studies on Ag-containing HA thin films. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to prepare an Ag-containing HA thin film by sputtering, and evaluate its antibacterial effect and cytotoxicity. METHODS:The Ag-containing HA thin films were prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The films were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial activities and cytotoxicities of the films were also evaluated. RESULTS:The Ag/Ca molar ratio of the films increased with the Ag ratio in the target. The SEM observation of the hydrothermally treated films showed surfaces covered with globular particles. All Ag-containing HA films exhibited an antibacterial effect against E. Coli. The number of cells of the films decreased with the Ag ratio. The films subjected to the hydrothermal treatment exhibited a higher number of cells than the as-sputtered films. CONCLUSION:The Ag-containing HA thin film was effective in terms of antibacterial effect, and had a low cytotoxicity in the proliferation of osteoblast cells at a low Ag ratio in the target.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139102041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which artificially creates a portocaval shunt to reduce portal venous pressure, has gradually become the primary treatment for portal hypertension (PH). However, there is no prefect shunting scheme in TIPS to balance the occurrence of postoperative complications and effective haemostasis.
Objective: To construct cirrhotic PH models and compare different shunting schemes in TIPS.
Methods: Three cases of cirrhotic PH with different liver volumes were selected for enhanced computed tomography scanning. The models for different shunting schemes were created using Mimics software, and following FLUENT calculation, all the models were imported into the software computational fluid dynamic-post for processing. In each shunting scheme, the differences in portal vein pressure, hepatic blood perfusion and blood flow from the superior mesenteric vein in the shunt tract were compared. The coefficient G was adapted to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages.
Results: (1) Concerning the precise location of the shunt tract, the wider the diameter of the shunt tract, the lower the pressure of the portal vein and the lesser the hepatic blood perfusion. Meanwhile, the pressure drop objective was not achieved with the 6 mm-diameter shunting scheme. (2) The 8 mm-diameter shunting scheme through the left portal vein (LPV) had the highest coefficient G.
Conclusion: The 8 mm-diameter shunting scheme through the LPV may demonstrate a superior effect and prognosis in TIPS procedures.
{"title":"Analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt by hemodynamic simulation.","authors":"Junjie Cao, Zhichao Yao, Guijun Huo, Zhanao Liu, Yao Tang, Jian Huang, Minxin Chen, Rui Ding, Liming Shen, Dayong Zhou","doi":"10.3233/BME-230020","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BME-230020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which artificially creates a portocaval shunt to reduce portal venous pressure, has gradually become the primary treatment for portal hypertension (PH). However, there is no prefect shunting scheme in TIPS to balance the occurrence of postoperative complications and effective haemostasis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To construct cirrhotic PH models and compare different shunting schemes in TIPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three cases of cirrhotic PH with different liver volumes were selected for enhanced computed tomography scanning. The models for different shunting schemes were created using Mimics software, and following FLUENT calculation, all the models were imported into the software computational fluid dynamic-post for processing. In each shunting scheme, the differences in portal vein pressure, hepatic blood perfusion and blood flow from the superior mesenteric vein in the shunt tract were compared. The coefficient G was adapted to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Concerning the precise location of the shunt tract, the wider the diameter of the shunt tract, the lower the pressure of the portal vein and the lesser the hepatic blood perfusion. Meanwhile, the pressure drop objective was not achieved with the 6 mm-diameter shunting scheme. (2) The 8 mm-diameter shunting scheme through the left portal vein (LPV) had the highest coefficient G.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 8 mm-diameter shunting scheme through the LPV may demonstrate a superior effect and prognosis in TIPS procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":" ","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9912197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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