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Mechanochemical synthesis of cerium chlorapatite from a mixture of cerium chloride heptahydrate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, and calcium hydroxide for biomedical application. 从七水氯化铈、二水磷酸二钙和氢氧化钙的混合物中机械化学合成用于生物医学的氯磷灰石铈。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230073
Yuta Otsuka, Hiroshi Kono, Masafumi Kikuchi

Background: Cerium ions promote osteoclastogenesis and activate bone metabolism, while cerium oxide nanoparticles exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties, making them promising for biomedical applications.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a synthesis method for sustained-release cerium-ion bioceramics containing apatite. Substituted apatite was found to be an effective biomaterial.

Methods: Cerium-containing chlorapatite was synthesized using a mechanochemical method employing dicalcium phosphate, cerium chloride heptahydrate, and calcium hydroxide as raw materials. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.

Results: Cerium chlorapatite was successfully synthesized in the 10.1% and 20.1% samples. However, at Ce concentrations higher than 30.2%, the samples consisted of three or more phases, indicating the instability of a single phase.

Conclusion: The method used in this study was found to be more efficient and cost-effective than the precipitation method for producing substituted apatite and calcium phosphate-based biomaterials. This research contributes to the development of sustained-release cerium-ion bioceramics with potential applications in the field of biomedicine.

背景:铈离子可促进破骨细胞生成并激活骨代谢,而氧化铈纳米粒子则具有强大的抗炎特性,使其在生物医学领域具有广阔的应用前景:本研究旨在开发和评估一种含有磷灰石的持续释放铈离子生物陶瓷的合成方法。研究发现,替代磷灰石是一种有效的生物材料:方法:以磷酸二钙、七水合氯化铈和氢氧化钙为原料,采用机械化学方法合成了含铈的磷灰石。使用 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜、能量色散 X 射线光谱和拉曼光谱对合成样品进行了表征:在 10.1% 和 20.1% 的样品中成功合成了氯磷灰石铈。然而,当 Ce 浓度高于 30.2%时,样品由三相或多相组成,表明单相不稳定:本研究采用的方法比沉淀法生产替代磷灰石和磷酸钙基生物材料更有效、更经济。这项研究有助于开发在生物医学领域具有潜在应用价值的缓释铈离子生物陶瓷。
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引用次数: 0
Simvastatin-loaded 3D aerogel scaffolds promote bone regeneration. 辛伐他汀负载三维气凝胶支架促进骨再生
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230068
Lai Linfeng, Zhou Xiaowei, Chen Xueqin, Zhu Xianfeng

Background: It is imperative to design a suitable material for bone regeneration that emulates the microstructure and compositional framework of natural bone while mitigating the shortcomings of current repair materials.

Objective: The aim of the study is to synthesize a 3D aerogel scaffold composed of PLCL/gelatin electro-spun nanofiber loaded with Simvastatin and investigate its biocompatibility as well as its performance in cell proliferation and ossification differentiation.

Methods: PLCL/gelatin nanofibers were fabricated in coaxial electrospinning with simvastatin added. Fibers were fragmented, pipetted into molds, frozen, and dried. The morphology of fibers and contact angles in 4 groups of PLCL, PLCL@S, 3D-PLCL, and 3D-PLCL@S was observed and compared. MC3T3-E1 cells were planted at the four materials to observe cell growth status, and ALP and ARS tests were conducted to compare the ossification of cells.

Results: TEM scanning showed the coaxial fiber of the inner PLCL and outer gelatin. The mean diameter of the PLCL/gelatin fibers is 561 ± 95 nm and 631 ± 103 nm after the drug loading. SEM showed the fibers in the 3D-PLCL@S group were more curled and loose with more space interlaced. The contact angle in this group was 27.1°, the smallest one. Drug release test demonstrated that simvastatin concentration in the 3D-PLCL@S could remain at a relatively high level compared to the control group. The cell proliferation test showed that MC3T3-EI cells could embed into the scaffold deeply and exhibit higher viability in the 3D-PLCL@S group than other groups. The ossification tests of ALP and ARS also inferred that the 3D-PLCL@S scaffold could offer a better osteogenic differentiation matrix.

Conclusion: The PLCL/gelatin aerogel scaffold, when loaded with Simvastatin, demonstrates a more pronounced potential in enhancing osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. We hypothesize that this scaffold could serve as a promising material for addressing bone defects.

背景:当务之急是设计一种合适的骨再生材料,它既能模拟天然骨的微观结构和组成框架,又能减轻现有修复材料的缺点:本研究旨在合成一种由添加辛伐他汀的PLCL/明胶电纺纳米纤维组成的三维气凝胶支架,并研究其生物相容性及其在细胞增殖和骨化分化方面的性能:方法:采用同轴电纺丝法制备添加辛伐他汀的PLCL/明胶纳米纤维。将纤维切碎,移液到模具中,冷冻并干燥。观察并比较了 PLCL、PLCL@S、3D-PLCL 和 3D-PLCL@S 4 组纤维的形态和接触角。在四种材料上种植 MC3T3-E1 细胞以观察细胞生长状况,并进行 ALP 和 ARS 测试以比较细胞的骨化情况:TEM扫描显示内层PLCL和外层明胶为同轴纤维。载药后,PLCL/明胶纤维的平均直径分别为 561 ± 95 nm 和 631 ± 103 nm。扫描电子显微镜显示,3D-PLCL@S 组的纤维更加卷曲和松散,交错的空间更大。该组的接触角为 27.1°,是最小的一组。药物释放测试表明,与对照组相比,3D-PLCL@S 组的辛伐他汀浓度可保持在较高水平。细胞增殖测试表明,3D-PLCL@S 组的 MC3T3-EI 细胞能深度嵌入支架,且活力高于其他组。ALP和ARS的骨化测试也表明,3D-PLCL@S支架能提供更好的成骨分化基质:结论:添加辛伐他汀的 PLCL/明胶气凝胶支架在促进成骨细胞增殖和成骨分化方面具有更明显的潜力。我们推测,这种支架可以作为一种很有前景的材料,用于解决骨缺损问题。
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引用次数: 0
Fabrication of injectable alginate hydrogels with sustained release of 4-octyl itaconate for articular anti-inflammatory. 制造可注射的藻酸盐水凝胶,持续释放用于关节消炎的伊他康酸 4-辛酯。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-240103
Ronghua Bao, Yifan Mao, Yuliang Zhang, Junlei Chai, Yuanbin Zhang, Cheng Luo, Kailong Zhang, Guohua Jiang, Xiaodan He

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and degenerative joint disease that remains a great challenge in treatment due to the lack of effective therapies. 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) is a novel and potent modulator of inflammation for the treatment of inflammatory disease. However, the clinical usage of 4-OI is limited due to its poor solubility and low bioavailability. As a promising drug delivery strategy, injectable hydrogels offers an effective approach to address these limitations of 4-OI.

Objective: The aim of the study was to verify that the composite 4-OI/SA hydrogels could achieve a controlled release of 4-OI and reduce damage to articular cartilage in the group of osteoarthritic rats treated with the system.

Methods: In this study, an injectable composite hydrogel containing sodium alginate (SA) and 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) has been developed for continuous intra-articular administration in the treatment of OA.

Results: After intra-articular injection in arthritic rats, the as-prepared 4-OI/SA hydrogel containing of 62.5 μM 4-OI effectively significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP3 in the ankle fluid. Most importantly, the as-prepared 4-OI/SA hydrogel system restored the morphological parameters of the ankle joints close to normal.

Conclusion: 4-OI/SA hydrogel shows a good anti-inflammatory activity and reverse cartilage disruption, which provide a new strategy for the clinical treatment of OA.

背景:骨关节炎(OA)是一种慢性退行性关节疾病,由于缺乏有效的治疗方法,其治疗仍面临巨大挑战。衣康酸 4-辛酯(4-OI)是一种新型的强效炎症调节剂,可用于治疗炎症性疾病。然而,由于其溶解性差、生物利用度低,4-OI 的临床应用受到了限制。作为一种前景广阔的给药策略,可注射水凝胶为解决 4-OI 的这些局限性提供了一种有效方法:本研究旨在验证 4-OI/SA 复合水凝胶能否实现 4-OI 的控释,并减少用该系统治疗的骨关节炎大鼠对关节软骨的损伤:本研究开发了一种含有海藻酸钠(SA)和伊塔康酸 4-辛酯(4-OI)的可注射复合水凝胶,用于关节内连续给药治疗 OA:结果:关节炎大鼠关节内注射含有 62.5 μM 4-OI 的 4-OI/SA 水凝胶后,能有效降低踝关节液中 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 和 MMP3 的表达。最重要的是,制备的 4-OI/SA 水凝胶系统使踝关节的形态参数恢复接近正常:结论:4-OI/SA 水凝胶具有良好的抗炎活性,能逆转软骨破坏,为临床治疗 OA 提供了一种新策略。
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引用次数: 0
In vitro evaluation of BMSCs early proliferation on minocycline-loaded electrospun nanofibers membrane. 体外评估米诺环素电纺纳米纤维膜上 BMSCs 的早期增殖。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230002
Quan Liu, Xiao Ma, Yanchen Pei, Wendan Cheng, Zhengwei Wu

Background: Electrospun nanofibers could simulate the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of the host bone, while minocycline (MINO) is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic which has been found to have multiple non-antibiotics biological effects that promotes osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo.

Objective: The present study aims at constructing a polylactic acid (PLA) electrospun nanofiber membrane loaded with MINO to enhance Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) adhesion and proliferation for early clinical treatment.

Methods: The MINO-PLA membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and in vitro drug release study. The antibacterial ability was also investigated. In addition, in vitro cellular proliferation experiment was performed to verify whether the PLA electrospun nanofibers membrane loaded with MINO enhance BMSCs adhesion and proliferation.

Results: Analyzing the drug release and cell growth results, it was found that only the effective concentration of MINO-PLA could help the growth of BMSCs in the short term. This is related to the drug release rate of MINO-PLA and the initial concentration of MINO.

Conclusion: This study shows that by controlling the concentration and release rate of MINO with electrospinning PLA, BMSCs could proliferate on it, and a new bone repair material had been made in this study.

背景:电纺纳米纤维可模拟宿主骨的天然细胞外基质(ECM),而米诺环素(MINO)是一种广谱四环素类抗生素,具有多种非抗生素生物效应,可促进体外和体内成骨:本研究旨在构建一种负载MINO的聚乳酸(PLA)电纺纳米纤维膜,以增强骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)的粘附和增殖,用于早期临床治疗:通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和体外药物释放研究对 MINO-PLA 膜进行了表征。同时还研究了其抗菌能力。此外,还进行了体外细胞增殖实验,以验证负载 MINO 的聚乳酸电纺纳米纤维膜是否能增强 BMSCs 的粘附和增殖:分析药物释放和细胞生长结果发现,只有有效浓度的MINO-PLA才能在短期内促进BMSCs的生长。这与 MINO-PLA 的药物释放率和 MINO 的初始浓度有关:本研究表明,通过控制电纺聚乳酸中 MINO 的浓度和释放率,BMSCs 可以在其上增殖,本研究制成了一种新的骨修复材料。
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引用次数: 0
Design and simulation of scaffolds with lattice microstructures for bioprinting bone tissue. 设计和模拟用于生物打印骨组织的具有晶格微结构的支架。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230049
Esmeralda Zuñiga-Aguilar, Odin Ramírez-Fernández, Adeodato Botello-Arredondo

Background: Tissue engineering seeks to improve, maintain, or replace the biological functions of damaged organs or tissues with biological substitutes such as the development of scaffolds. In the case of bone tissue, they must have excellent mechanical properties like native bone.

Objective: In this work, three geometric models were designed for scaffolds with different structure lattices and porosity that could be biomechanically suitable and support cell growth for trabecular bone replacement applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to the proximal femur area.

Methods: Geometries were designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software and evaluated using finite element analysis in compression tests. Three loads were considered according to the daily activity: 1177 N for slow walking, 2060 N for fast walking, and 245.25 N for a person in a bipedal position. All these loads for an adult weight of 75 kg. For each of them, three biomaterials were assigned: two polymers (poly-glycolic acid (PGA) and poly-lactic acid (PLA)) and one mineral (hydroxyapatite (HA)). 54 tests were performed: 27 for each of the tests.

Results: The results showed Young's modulus (E) between 1 and 4 GPa.

Conclusion: If the resultant E is in the range of 0.1 to 5 GPa, the biomaterial is considered an appropriate alternative for the trabecular bone which is the main component of the proximal bone. However, for the models applied in this study, the best option is the poly-lactic acid which will allow absorbing the acting loads.

背景:组织工程学旨在通过生物替代品(如支架的开发)来改善、维持或替代受损器官或组织的生物功能。就骨组织而言,它们必须像原生骨一样具有出色的机械性能:在这项工作中,我们设计了三种几何模型,它们具有不同的结构晶格和孔隙率,在生物力学上适合并支持细胞生长,可用于组织工程和再生医学中的股骨近端骨小梁替代应用:使用计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件设计几何形状,并在压缩试验中使用有限元分析进行评估。根据日常活动考虑了三种载荷:慢走为 1177 牛顿,快走为 2060 牛顿,双足站立为 245.25 牛顿。所有这些载荷都是以成人体重 75 千克为基准。为每种负载指定了三种生物材料:两种聚合物(聚羟基乙酸(PGA)和聚乳酸(PLA))和一种矿物质(羟基磷灰石(HA))。共进行了 54 次测试:每次测试 27 次:结果显示杨氏模量(E)在 1 到 4 GPa 之间:结论:如果得出的 E 值在 0.1 到 5 GPa 之间,生物材料被认为是骨小梁的合适替代材料,而骨小梁是近端骨骼的主要组成部分。不过,就本研究中应用的模型而言,最佳选择是聚乳酸,它可以吸收作用载荷。
{"title":"Design and simulation of scaffolds with lattice microstructures for bioprinting bone tissue.","authors":"Esmeralda Zuñiga-Aguilar, Odin Ramírez-Fernández, Adeodato Botello-Arredondo","doi":"10.3233/BME-230049","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BME-230049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tissue engineering seeks to improve, maintain, or replace the biological functions of damaged organs or tissues with biological substitutes such as the development of scaffolds. In the case of bone tissue, they must have excellent mechanical properties like native bone.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this work, three geometric models were designed for scaffolds with different structure lattices and porosity that could be biomechanically suitable and support cell growth for trabecular bone replacement applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to the proximal femur area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Geometries were designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software and evaluated using finite element analysis in compression tests. Three loads were considered according to the daily activity: 1177 N for slow walking, 2060 N for fast walking, and 245.25 N for a person in a bipedal position. All these loads for an adult weight of 75 kg. For each of them, three biomaterials were assigned: two polymers (poly-glycolic acid (PGA) and poly-lactic acid (PLA)) and one mineral (hydroxyapatite (HA)). 54 tests were performed: 27 for each of the tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed Young's modulus (E) between 1 and 4 GPa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>If the resultant E is in the range of 0.1 to 5 GPa, the biomaterial is considered an appropriate alternative for the trabecular bone which is the main component of the proximal bone. However, for the models applied in this study, the best option is the poly-lactic acid which will allow absorbing the acting loads.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141909752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis and antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against multi-drug resistant bacteria. 银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 的合成及其对多重耐药菌的抗菌效果。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-240034
Na Xie

Background: The emergence of the global problem of multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDR) is closely related to the improper use of antibiotics, which gives birth to an urgent need for antimicrobial innovation in the medical and health field. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show significant antibacterial potential because of their unique physical and chemical properties. By accurately regulating the morphology, size and surface properties of AgNPs, the antibacterial properties of AgNPs can be effectively enhanced and become a next generation antibacterial material with great development potential.

Objective: The detection of the inhibitory effect of AgNPs on MDR provides more possibilities for the research and development of new antimicrobial agents.

Methods: Promote the formation of AgNPs by redox reaction; determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNPs to bacteria by broth microdilution method; evaluate the killing efficacy of AgNPs against multi-drug-resistant bacteria by plate counting; evaluate the inhibitory effect of AgNPs on biofilm construction by crystal violet staining; study the drug resistance of bacteria by gradually increasing the concentration of AgNPs; and detect the toxicity of AgNPs to cells by CCK-8 method.

Results: AgNPs has a significant bactericidal effect on a variety of drug-resistant bacteria. After exposure to AgNPs solution for 12 hours, the number of E. coli decreased sharply, and S. aureus was basically eliminated after 16 hours. In particular, AgNPs showed stronger inhibition against Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, AgNPs can effectively hinder the formation of bacterial biofilm, and its inhibitory effect increases with the increase of AgNPs solution concentration. When AgNPs is used for a long time, the development of bacterial resistance to it is slow. From the point of view of safety, AgNPs has no harmful effects on organisms and has biosafety.

Conclusion: AgNPs can inhibit MDR, and the bacteriostatic ability of Gram-negative bacteria is higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria. It can also inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilm, avoid drug resistance and reduce cytotoxicity.

背景:多重耐药菌(MDR)这一全球性问题的出现与抗生素的不当使用密切相关,因此迫切需要在医疗卫生领域进行抗菌创新。银纳米粒子(AgNPs)因其独特的物理和化学性质而显示出巨大的抗菌潜力。通过精确调节银纳米粒子的形态、尺寸和表面性质,可以有效增强银纳米粒子的抗菌性能,使其成为具有巨大发展潜力的新一代抗菌材料:检测 AgNPs 对 MDR 的抑制作用,为新型抗菌剂的研发提供更多可能:方法:通过氧化还原反应促进AgNPs的形成;肉汤微稀释法测定AgNPs对细菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC);平板计数法评价AgNPs对多重耐药菌的杀灭效果;水晶紫染色法评价AgNPs对生物膜构建的抑制作用;通过逐渐增加AgNPs的浓度研究细菌的耐药性;CCK-8法检测AgNPs对细胞的毒性:结果:AgNPs对多种耐药菌有明显的杀菌作用。接触 AgNPs 溶液 12 小时后,大肠杆菌数量急剧下降,16 小时后金黄色葡萄球菌基本被消灭。特别是,AgNPs 对革兰氏阴性菌的抑制作用更强。此外,AgNPs 还能有效阻止细菌生物膜的形成,其抑制作用随 AgNPs 溶液浓度的增加而增强。长期使用 AgNPs,细菌对其产生耐药性的速度较慢。从安全性角度来看,AgNPs 对生物体无有害影响,具有生物安全性:结论:AgNPs 可抑制 MDR,对革兰氏阴性菌的抑菌能力高于革兰氏阳性菌。结论:AgNPs 可抑制 MDR,对革兰氏阴性菌的抑菌能力高于革兰氏阳性菌,还可抑制细菌生物膜的形成,避免耐药性,降低细胞毒性。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling and analysis of a prosthetic foot: A numerical simulation case study. 义足的建模与分析:数值模拟案例研究。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-240052
Asmaa Muneam Abdullah, Adawiya Ali Hamzah, Noor T Al-Sharify, Fahad Mohanad Kadhim

Background: The prosthetic foot is an essential component of the prosthetic limb used by people who suffer from amputation. The prosthetic foot or limb is expensive in developing countries and cannot be used by most people with special needs.

Objective: In this study, an uncomplicated prosthetic foot is designed that can be manufactured at low costs using 3D printer technology and can be provided to a wide range of amputees. The foot was designed using CAD software and analyzed using ANSES.

Methods: Carbon fiber material was chosen to be suitable for the manufacturing process using 3D printer technology. The selected material was tested in tensile and fatigue tests to determine its mechanical properties. The numerical analysis was carried out assuming the use of an artificial foot by a patient weighing 85 kg.

Results: The results showed that the material proposed for manufacturing has good mechanical properties for this application. The results of the engineering analysis also showed that the model has successfully passed the design process and is reliable for use by amputees.

Conclusion: The success model designed in this study in the numerical analysis process gives reliability to the use of this design to manufacture the prosthetic foot.

背景:义足是截肢者使用的假肢的重要组成部分。在发展中国家,义足或义肢价格昂贵,大多数有特殊需要的人无法使用:本研究设计了一种不复杂的义足,可利用 3D 打印机技术以低成本制造,并可提供给各种截肢者。该假肢使用 CAD 软件进行设计,并使用 ANSES 进行分析:方法:选择适合使用 3D 打印机技术制造的碳纤维材料。对所选材料进行了拉伸和疲劳测试,以确定其机械性能。数值分析是以体重 85 公斤的病人使用假足为假设进行的:结果:结果表明,建议制造的材料具有良好的机械性能,适合这种应用。工程分析结果还表明,该模型已成功通过设计流程,可供截肢者可靠使用:结论:本研究中设计的模型在数值分析过程中取得了成功,为使用该设计制造义足提供了可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Biomimetic grafts from ultrafine fibers for collagenous tissues. 利用超细纤维为胶原组织制作仿生移植物。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230193
Fariza Mukasheva, Ainur Zhanbassynova, Cevat Erisken

Background: The ligament is the soft tissue that connects bone to bone and, in case of severe injury or rupture, it cannot heal itself mainly because of its poor vascularity and dynamic nature. Tissue engineering carries the potential to restore the injured tissue functions by utilization of scaffolds mimicking the structure of native ligament. Collagen fibrils in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) have a diameter ranging from 20 to 300 nm, which defines the physical and mechanical properties of the tissue. Also, the ACL tissue exhibited a bimodal distribution of collagen fibrils. Currently, the ability to fabricate scaffolds replicating this structure is a significant challenge.

Objective: This work aims at i) measuring the diameter of collagens of bovine ACL tissue, ii) investigating the fabrication of sub-100 nm fibers, and iii) fabricating aligned scaffolds with bimodal diameter distribution (with two peaks) resembling the healthy ACL structure. It is hypothesized that such scaffolds can be produced by electrospinning polycaprolactone (PCL) solutions.

Methods: To test the hypothesis, various PCL solutions were formulated in acetone and formic acid in combination with pyridine, and electrospun to generate sub-100 nm fibers. Next, this formulation was adjusted to produce nanofibers with a diameter between 100 nm and 200 nm. Finally, these solutions were combined in the co-electrospinning process, i.e., two-spinneret electrospinning, to fabricate biomimetic scaffolds with a bimodal distribution.

Results: Electrospinning of 8% and 15% PCL solutions, respectively, resulted in the production of fibers with diameters below and above 100 nm. The combined scaffold exhibited a bimodal distribution of aligned fibers with peaks around 80 and 180 nm, thus mimicking the collagen fibrils of healthy ACL tissue.

Conclusion: This research is expected to have a society-wide impact because it aims to enhance the health condition and life quality of a wide range of patients.

背景:韧带是连接骨与骨的软组织,在严重损伤或断裂的情况下,韧带无法自我愈合,这主要是因为韧带血管不发达且具有动态性质。组织工程学可利用模仿原生韧带结构的支架来恢复受伤组织的功能。前交叉韧带(ACL)中的胶原纤维直径从 20 纳米到 300 纳米不等,这决定了组织的物理和机械性能。此外,前交叉韧带组织中的胶原纤维呈双峰分布。目前,制造复制这种结构的支架是一项重大挑战:这项工作旨在 i) 测量牛前交叉韧带组织胶原蛋白的直径;ii) 研究 100 纳米以下纤维的制造方法;iii) 制造具有双峰直径分布(两个峰值)的对齐支架,使其与健康的前交叉韧带结构相似。假设可以通过电纺丝聚己内酯(PCL)溶液制造这种支架:为了验证这一假设,我们用丙酮和甲酸以及吡啶配制了各种 PCL 溶液,并通过电纺丝生成了 100 纳米以下的纤维。然后,对配方进行调整,生成直径在 100 纳米到 200 纳米之间的纳米纤维。最后,将这些溶液结合到共电纺工艺(即双喷丝板电纺)中,制造出具有双峰分布的仿生物支架:结果:分别对 8%和 15%的 PCL 溶液进行电纺丝后,产生了直径小于和大于 100 纳米的纤维。组合支架呈现出排列整齐的纤维的双峰分布,峰值在 80 纳米和 180 纳米左右,从而模拟了健康 ACL 组织的胶原纤维:这项研究旨在改善广大患者的健康状况,提高他们的生活质量,因此有望产生广泛的社会影响。
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引用次数: 0
Wear performance of Ti-based alloy coatings on 316L SS fabricated with the sputtering method: Relevance to biomedical implants. 用溅射法在 316L SS 上制造的钛基合金涂层的磨损性能:与生物医学植入物的相关性。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230127
Shunmuga Priyan Murugan, Godwin George, Julyes Jaisingh

Background: This investigation was conducted to encapsulate 316L SS with a Ti-based alloy coating.

Objective: The aim was to fabricate a coating using TiN, TiO2, and TiCoCr powders on 316L SS through the physical vapor deposition (PVD) sputtering process.

Methods: The powders were consecutively coated on 316L SS through the PVD sputtering process with coating durations of 30, 60, and 90 min. Further microhardness, surface roughness, microabrasion, and adhesion strength tests were also carried out.

Results: A 60% improvement in abrasion resistance was observed in TiCoCr-coated samples compared to the uncoated substrate. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the optimal formation of Ti alloy coatings with corresponding orientation over the SS substrates. Moreover, TiCoCr with a 90 min coating duration had much better surface characteristics than TiO2 and TiN.

Conclusion: The 90 min coating duration should be optimal for coating in steel for bio-implants.

背景:本研究旨在用 Ti 基合金涂层封装 316L SS:目的是通过物理气相沉积(PVD)溅射工艺在 316L SS 上使用 TiN、TiO2 和 TiCoCr 粉末制造涂层:方法:通过 PVD 溅射工艺在 316L SS 上连续涂覆 TiN、TiO2 和 TiCoCr 粉末,涂覆时间分别为 30、60 和 90 分钟。此外,还进行了微硬度、表面粗糙度、微磨损和附着强度测试:结果:与未涂层的基底相比,TiCoCr 涂层样品的耐磨性提高了 60%。X 射线衍射结果证实,在 SS 基材上形成了具有相应取向的最佳 Ti 合金涂层。此外,涂层持续时间为 90 分钟的 TiCoCr 比 TiO2 和 TiN 具有更好的表面特性:结论:90 分钟的涂层持续时间应该是生物植入物钢涂层的最佳时间。
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引用次数: 0
Quantification of mechanical behavior of rat tail under compression. 对大鼠尾部受压时的机械行为进行量化。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230170
Kevin D Moore, John Z Wu, Kristine Krajnak, Christopher Warren, Renguang G Dong

Backgorund: The development of vibration-induced finger disorders is likely associated with combined static and dynamic responses of the fingers to vibration exposure. To study the mechanism of the disorders, a new rat-tail model has been established to mimic the finger vibration and pressure exposures. However, the mechanical behavior of the tail during compression needs to be better understood to improve the model and its applications.

Objective: To investigate the static and time-dependent force responses of the rat tail during compression.

Methods: Compression tests were conducted on Sprague-Dawley cadaver rat tails using a micromechanical system at three deformation velocities and three deformation magnitudes. Contact-width and the time-histories of force and deformation were measured. Additionally, force-relaxation tests were conducted and a Prony series was used to model the force-relaxation behavior of the tail.

Results: The rat tails' force-deformation and stiffness-deformation relationships were strongly nonlinear and time-dependent. Force/stiffness increased with an increase in deformation and deformation velocity. The time-dependent force-relaxation characteristics of the tails can be well described using a Prony series.

Conculsions: We successfully quantified the static and time-dependent force responses of rat tails under compression. The identified mechanical behavior of the tail can help improve the rat-tail model and its applications.

背景:振动引起的手指病变可能与手指对振动暴露的静态和动态综合反应有关。为了研究手指失调的机理,我们建立了一个新的大鼠尾部模型来模拟手指振动和压力暴露。然而,要改进该模型及其应用,还需要更好地了解尾部在压缩过程中的机械行为:研究大鼠尾部在压缩过程中的静态和随时间变化的力响应:方法:使用微机械系统在三种变形速度和三种变形幅度下对 Sprague-Dawley 尸体大鼠尾部进行压缩试验。测量了接触宽度以及力和变形的时间历程。此外,还进行了力松弛试验,并使用 Prony 系列来模拟尾部的力松弛行为:结果:大鼠尾部的力-变形和刚度-变形关系具有很强的非线性和时间依赖性。力/刚度随着变形和变形速度的增加而增加。大鼠尾部随时间变化的力-松弛特性可以用普罗尼数列很好地描述:我们成功地量化了大鼠尾部在压缩下的静态和随时间变化的力响应。确定的鼠尾力学行为有助于改进鼠尾模型及其应用。
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Bio-medical materials and engineering
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