Pub Date : 2021-02-25DOI: 10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00316
L. Vásquez, G. Rivera, Y. Miranda, C. Soto, P. Cevallos, I. Rodríguez, R. Couto, D. Crespo
{"title":"Antifungal effect of chitosan of different molecular weight against Colletotrichum alatae under in vitro conditions","authors":"L. Vásquez, G. Rivera, Y. Miranda, C. Soto, P. Cevallos, I. Rodríguez, R. Couto, D. Crespo","doi":"10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":"9 1","pages":"9-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42184894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-25DOI: 10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00317
Itodo Sunday Ewaoche, A. Tolulope, Arikekpar Ibemologi, Ekanem Edmund
Background and objective: Proteus mirabilis is part of the Enterobacteriaceae family, Gram negative bacterium which typically lives in the human gut, which means when it causes illness it can be a serious bloodstream infection, urinary tract infection or disseminated infection. UreC and ZapA virulent genes constitute the major pathogenicity of this organism as well as its resistance to antibiotics. This study was carried out to detect the presence of UreC and ZapA genes in Proteus mirabilis isolates sourced from Federal Medical Centre and Niger Delta University teaching hospital in Bayelsa State. Materials and methods: A total of one hundred and forty (140) clinical samples were collected from Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Yenagoa and Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH) Okolobiri, Bayelsa State. Of the 140 samples collected, 64(45.7%) were from males while 76(54.3%) were from females. The samples were Urine, Sputum, High vaginal swab, Urethral swab, Ear swab and Wound swab. The samples were inoculated in different laboratory media and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique were noted appropriately. Means and corresponding standard deviations were calculated for continuous data while proportions, along with the 95% confidence intervals, were calculated for categorical data. Results: A total of 81 bacterial isolates were obtained from these samples, of which 17(20.9%), 22(27.2%), 8(10.0%), 10(12.3%) and 24(29.6%) were Proteus mirabilis , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Fifteen (15) out of the 17(20.9%) P. mirabilis isolates were subjected to single-plex PCR amplification using specific primers after extraction of bacterial DNA from the samples. Out of the 15 samples, 14(93.3%) were positive for UreC gene while 15(100%) were positive to ZapA gene. Conclusion : The present study revealed that virulent genes-UreC and ZapA are highly present in P. mirabilis isolates obtained from clinical specimens from FMC and NDUTH in Bayelsa state, thus making them more pathogenic and resistant to antibiotics curing effect.
{"title":"UreC and ZapA virulence genes amplification in clinical specimen of Proteus mirabilis in Bayelsa state, Nigeria","authors":"Itodo Sunday Ewaoche, A. Tolulope, Arikekpar Ibemologi, Ekanem Edmund","doi":"10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00317","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Proteus mirabilis is part of the Enterobacteriaceae family, Gram negative bacterium which typically lives in the human gut, which means when it causes illness it can be a serious bloodstream infection, urinary tract infection or disseminated infection. UreC and ZapA virulent genes constitute the major pathogenicity of this organism as well as its resistance to antibiotics. This study was carried out to detect the presence of UreC and ZapA genes in Proteus mirabilis isolates sourced from Federal Medical Centre and Niger Delta University teaching hospital in Bayelsa State. Materials and methods: A total of one hundred and forty (140) clinical samples were collected from Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Yenagoa and Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH) Okolobiri, Bayelsa State. Of the 140 samples collected, 64(45.7%) were from males while 76(54.3%) were from females. The samples were Urine, Sputum, High vaginal swab, Urethral swab, Ear swab and Wound swab. The samples were inoculated in different laboratory media and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique were noted appropriately. Means and corresponding standard deviations were calculated for continuous data while proportions, along with the 95% confidence intervals, were calculated for categorical data. Results: A total of 81 bacterial isolates were obtained from these samples, of which 17(20.9%), 22(27.2%), 8(10.0%), 10(12.3%) and 24(29.6%) were Proteus mirabilis , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Fifteen (15) out of the 17(20.9%) P. mirabilis isolates were subjected to single-plex PCR amplification using specific primers after extraction of bacterial DNA from the samples. Out of the 15 samples, 14(93.3%) were positive for UreC gene while 15(100%) were positive to ZapA gene. Conclusion : The present study revealed that virulent genes-UreC and ZapA are highly present in P. mirabilis isolates obtained from clinical specimens from FMC and NDUTH in Bayelsa state, thus making them more pathogenic and resistant to antibiotics curing effect.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46626548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00315
D. Novoselova, L. Stoyanova
The object of the study were strains of Lactococcus lactis ssp . lactis isolated from microbiota of fermented milk products brought from Buryatia (Russia), Lebanon, Iran, which have high probiotic potential. The purpose of this work was to optimize the storage method of L. lactis ssp . lactis strains to stabilize their probiotic potential. The various storage methods were used - in skim milk with frequent passages and lyophilization. The cultures were lyophilized on a ‘Krist” installation of the “Betta A “(Germany). Lyophilized strains were restored and their physiological and biochemical properties were studied both immediately after recovery and in a number of passages after storage, their physiological activity was evaluated by the rate of clot formation in skim milk and antimicrobial activity using the microbiological method with the test-cultures and standard antibiotic solutions (Nisaplin, Chloramphenicol, Nystatin). The highest survival rate was found during lyophilization with preliminary treatment. When cultures were restored, the survival rate in the first passage was over 70%, the strains had a high level of antimicrobial activity on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi, including pathogens. The results of the study showed that the most effective method of preserving bacteriocin-forming lactococci is lyophilization using a complex protective environment of the composition (g/l): sucrose-100, gelatin-10, monosodium glutamate-10, sodium citrate-5, which ensures long-term crop life. The introduction of lactococci into the intestinal microbiota leads to the replacement of pathogens and is useful for people with lactase deficiency. Strains enrich the dairy product with biologically active substances, which, in addition to the nutritional effects, have a beneficial effect on health. Lyophilization in combination with pre-treatment of cells contributes to the preservation of their probiotic potential.
{"title":"Optimization of the storage method of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis strains to stabilize their probiotic potential","authors":"D. Novoselova, L. Stoyanova","doi":"10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00315","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study were strains of Lactococcus lactis ssp . lactis isolated from microbiota of fermented milk products brought from Buryatia (Russia), Lebanon, Iran, which have high probiotic potential. The purpose of this work was to optimize the storage method of L. lactis ssp . lactis strains to stabilize their probiotic potential. The various storage methods were used - in skim milk with frequent passages and lyophilization. The cultures were lyophilized on a ‘Krist” installation of the “Betta A “(Germany). Lyophilized strains were restored and their physiological and biochemical properties were studied both immediately after recovery and in a number of passages after storage, their physiological activity was evaluated by the rate of clot formation in skim milk and antimicrobial activity using the microbiological method with the test-cultures and standard antibiotic solutions (Nisaplin, Chloramphenicol, Nystatin). The highest survival rate was found during lyophilization with preliminary treatment. When cultures were restored, the survival rate in the first passage was over 70%, the strains had a high level of antimicrobial activity on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi, including pathogens. The results of the study showed that the most effective method of preserving bacteriocin-forming lactococci is lyophilization using a complex protective environment of the composition (g/l): sucrose-100, gelatin-10, monosodium glutamate-10, sodium citrate-5, which ensures long-term crop life. The introduction of lactococci into the intestinal microbiota leads to the replacement of pathogens and is useful for people with lactase deficiency. Strains enrich the dairy product with biologically active substances, which, in addition to the nutritional effects, have a beneficial effect on health. Lyophilization in combination with pre-treatment of cells contributes to the preservation of their probiotic potential.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45483824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-03DOI: 10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00314
D. Sumanto, S. Sayono, Puji Lestari Mudawamah
Genital enterobiasis is caused by migration of adult females or larvae of Enterobius vermicularis (E. vermicularis). Adult female E. vermicularis migrate to the genital organs after laying eggs at perianal area. The eggs in the perianal will hatch into larvae and walk into the anus. In female patients, the chance of larval entry into the genital is greater because it is located adjacent to the anal. A larvae of E. vermicularis was found in direct urine of a 19-year-old female student. There were no other signs and symptoms of enterobiasis in her. This ectopic enterobiasis in genital tract was the first report in Indonesia.
{"title":"Enterobius vermicularis larvae in urine sample of female student: The first case report in Indonesia","authors":"D. Sumanto, S. Sayono, Puji Lestari Mudawamah","doi":"10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JMEN.2021.09.00314","url":null,"abstract":"Genital enterobiasis is caused by migration of adult females or larvae of Enterobius vermicularis (E. vermicularis). Adult female E. vermicularis migrate to the genital organs after laying eggs at perianal area. The eggs in the perianal will hatch into larvae and walk into the anus. In female patients, the chance of larval entry into the genital is greater because it is located adjacent to the anal. A larvae of E. vermicularis was found in direct urine of a 19-year-old female student. There were no other signs and symptoms of enterobiasis in her. This ectopic enterobiasis in genital tract was the first report in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43431226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2021.09.00321
Martinez Ni, Gonzalez Arra MC, D. D, S. P, Caccavari Mv, Ansola Cp, Vargas Sf, Vera Me, B. S
Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, poses a public health problem in our country.1 Lack of appropriate diagnostic methods makes it a medical challenge. In this way, the serological diagnosis, according to current regulations in Argentina,2 must be performed by at least two tests based on different antigens in different formats, simultaneously, on the same serum sample. The most commonly used combination is Indirect HaemagglutinationEnzyme Immunoassay (HAI-EIA). If the result of these initial tests are conflicting (one test positive and the other negative), indirect immunofluorescence test (IIF) can be used.6 These tests are extensively used in the Laboratorio de Referencia de Enfermedades Transmisibles (LRET) (Reference Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases) Centro Coni, located in Mendoza, Argentina) since it is the provincial reference laboratory on diagnosis of this infection. The mentioned methods require specialized equipment, not always available in small laboratories or when conducting studies in field condition. The lateral flow immunochromatographic (IC) technique, used in the rapid diagnostics test design for various infectious diseases, could provide a practical and simple solution to these diagnostic needs, and has been recommended by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), as a single test, for field surveys. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a rapid diagnostic test for infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, in pre-characterized samples.
{"title":"Evaluation of a rapid test for serological diagnosis of Chagas disease, in Mendoza, Argentina","authors":"Martinez Ni, Gonzalez Arra MC, D. D, S. P, Caccavari Mv, Ansola Cp, Vargas Sf, Vera Me, B. S","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2021.09.00321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2021.09.00321","url":null,"abstract":"Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, poses a public health problem in our country.1 Lack of appropriate diagnostic methods makes it a medical challenge. In this way, the serological diagnosis, according to current regulations in Argentina,2 must be performed by at least two tests based on different antigens in different formats, simultaneously, on the same serum sample. The most commonly used combination is Indirect HaemagglutinationEnzyme Immunoassay (HAI-EIA). If the result of these initial tests are conflicting (one test positive and the other negative), indirect immunofluorescence test (IIF) can be used.6 These tests are extensively used in the Laboratorio de Referencia de Enfermedades Transmisibles (LRET) (Reference Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases) Centro Coni, located in Mendoza, Argentina) since it is the provincial reference laboratory on diagnosis of this infection. The mentioned methods require specialized equipment, not always available in small laboratories or when conducting studies in field condition. The lateral flow immunochromatographic (IC) technique, used in the rapid diagnostics test design for various infectious diseases, could provide a practical and simple solution to these diagnostic needs, and has been recommended by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), as a single test, for field surveys. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a rapid diagnostic test for infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, in pre-characterized samples.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67077350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00312
A. Sarmis, Omer Gokhan Akarsu, H. Akdemir, T. Ozekinci
Chryseobacterium gleum has been reported as human pathogen rarely from different clinical specimens. Here we report first case as a meningitis pathogen on a patient with ventricular catheter who had head trauma prior to disease. This case report indicates the
{"title":"An extraordinary meningitis pathogen on a patient with ventricular catheter: Chryseobacterium gleum, case report","authors":"A. Sarmis, Omer Gokhan Akarsu, H. Akdemir, T. Ozekinci","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00312","url":null,"abstract":"Chryseobacterium gleum has been reported as human pathogen rarely from different clinical specimens. Here we report first case as a meningitis pathogen on a patient with ventricular catheter who had head trauma prior to disease. This case report indicates the","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44725677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.15406/JMEN.2020.08.00310
A. Castillo, Yaima Armenteros Zardivar
Infestations of the Rhipicephalus microplus tick, in cattle, produce the greatest global problem of ectoparasites in tropical and subtropical regions, causing great economic losses in bovine production. The fight against ticks must also be conducted taking into account aspects related to the presence of non-parasitic stages in the grass. The integral management of ticks as a control method and the appropriate combination of its components can focus on breaking the balance of these populations of larvae, which is mainly found in grazing.1
{"title":"Determination of pasture infestation with tick larvae","authors":"A. Castillo, Yaima Armenteros Zardivar","doi":"10.15406/JMEN.2020.08.00310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JMEN.2020.08.00310","url":null,"abstract":"Infestations of the Rhipicephalus microplus tick, in cattle, produce the greatest global problem of ectoparasites in tropical and subtropical regions, causing great economic losses in bovine production. The fight against ticks must also be conducted taking into account aspects related to the presence of non-parasitic stages in the grass. The integral management of ticks as a control method and the appropriate combination of its components can focus on breaking the balance of these populations of larvae, which is mainly found in grazing.1","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42490543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00309
Namera Thahaby, A. Akand, A. Bhat, S. Hamdani, Sanobar Rasool, Niha Ayman
India has the highest incidence of human rabies within the world. Increasing awareness of the community regarding the disease ought to be thought for controlling the disease Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of the community on rabies are very important to stop the neglected deadly disease. The present study was carried in Srinagar district. Regarding the attitude of people, the interview schedule was formulated. As per Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC), the city is divided into two divisions; four zones and 34 wards. To exploit the diversity of population response, all the four zones were considered for the present investigation. With regards to all dogs are dangerous just 28.75% agreed. When asked about stray dogs are vicious the majority, 65% agreed. About roaming of stray dogs unless they cause problems in human society few, 8.75% agreed. The majority, 70.62% didn’t agree about the person provoking the dog for an attack. Whilst 95.31% highlighted that stray dogs are a problem in Kashmir. When asked about the population of stray dogs the majority, 96.56% agreed that there are too many dogs in Srinagar. About leashing during an outbreak, the majority 63.75% agreed. The majority 76.87% were not aware of the killing of dogs was considered as a religious taboo. The attitude of the respondents was positive. The bulk of respondents believed that stray dogs are a public health problem in Srinagar. The attitude of respondents not allocating stray dogs to wander liberally, looking for medical attention if bitten by a dog is reflecting grassroots involvement in the control of rabies.
{"title":"Attitude of rabies vis-a-vis dog bite exposure among non-victimized people within Srinagar district of Kashmir Valley, India","authors":"Namera Thahaby, A. Akand, A. Bhat, S. Hamdani, Sanobar Rasool, Niha Ayman","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00309","url":null,"abstract":"India has the highest incidence of human rabies within the world. Increasing awareness of the community regarding the disease ought to be thought for controlling the disease Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of the community on rabies are very important to stop the neglected deadly disease. The present study was carried in Srinagar district. Regarding the attitude of people, the interview schedule was formulated. As per Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC), the city is divided into two divisions; four zones and 34 wards. To exploit the diversity of population response, all the four zones were considered for the present investigation. With regards to all dogs are dangerous just 28.75% agreed. When asked about stray dogs are vicious the majority, 65% agreed. About roaming of stray dogs unless they cause problems in human society few, 8.75% agreed. The majority, 70.62% didn’t agree about the person provoking the dog for an attack. Whilst 95.31% highlighted that stray dogs are a problem in Kashmir. When asked about the population of stray dogs the majority, 96.56% agreed that there are too many dogs in Srinagar. About leashing during an outbreak, the majority 63.75% agreed. The majority 76.87% were not aware of the killing of dogs was considered as a religious taboo. The attitude of the respondents was positive. The bulk of respondents believed that stray dogs are a public health problem in Srinagar. The attitude of respondents not allocating stray dogs to wander liberally, looking for medical attention if bitten by a dog is reflecting grassroots involvement in the control of rabies.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43246967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-30DOI: 10.15406/JMEN.2020.08.00307
Daokoru-Olukole Cg, Okpokwasili Gsc
The diversity of shipwrecks cyanobacteria in shallow water of New Calabar River, in River State – Nigeria was examined. Bio-concretions from three shipwrecks located at the estuary of New Calabar River were collected and the visual examination of the bio- concretions revealed 3 types of rusticles: Brown rusticles (braided structures attached on the wreck surfaces), Dendritic concretion (layered coatings of different concretions) and Biofilm (slimy coatings). The 16S rRNA gene sequences from the rusticles was performed by Next Generation Sequencing Technique to determine the nucleotide sequence of cyanobacteria present in the rusticle samples using automated Illumina Miseq analyser. The results revealed a diversity of cyanobacteria in the rusticle samples. The cyanobacteria composition showed different species of diazotrophic filamentous genus Trichodesmium ., it dominated the bio-concretion, having in abundance 4 of its species; T. erythraeum (8.75%), T. hildebrandtii (1.08%), T. contortum ( 1.04%) and T. tenue (1.02%). The availability of iron on the bio-concretions could explain the reason for the presence of the Trichodesmium clades present. Phormidiaceae, cyanobacteriacea, we can associate the formation of rusticles by cyanobacteria as one of their eroding characteristics on shipwrecks. This study attempts to validate the role of mat-matrix forming cyanobacteria in aerobic corrosion in shallow water shipwrecks.
{"title":"Diversity of cyanobacteria in shipwrecks in the shallow water of New Calabar River, Nigeria","authors":"Daokoru-Olukole Cg, Okpokwasili Gsc","doi":"10.15406/JMEN.2020.08.00307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JMEN.2020.08.00307","url":null,"abstract":"The diversity of shipwrecks cyanobacteria in shallow water of New Calabar River, in River State – Nigeria was examined. Bio-concretions from three shipwrecks located at the estuary of New Calabar River were collected and the visual examination of the bio- concretions revealed 3 types of rusticles: Brown rusticles (braided structures attached on the wreck surfaces), Dendritic concretion (layered coatings of different concretions) and Biofilm (slimy coatings). The 16S rRNA gene sequences from the rusticles was performed by Next Generation Sequencing Technique to determine the nucleotide sequence of cyanobacteria present in the rusticle samples using automated Illumina Miseq analyser. The results revealed a diversity of cyanobacteria in the rusticle samples. The cyanobacteria composition showed different species of diazotrophic filamentous genus Trichodesmium ., it dominated the bio-concretion, having in abundance 4 of its species; T. erythraeum (8.75%), T. hildebrandtii (1.08%), T. contortum ( 1.04%) and T. tenue (1.02%). The availability of iron on the bio-concretions could explain the reason for the presence of the Trichodesmium clades present. Phormidiaceae, cyanobacteriacea, we can associate the formation of rusticles by cyanobacteria as one of their eroding characteristics on shipwrecks. This study attempts to validate the role of mat-matrix forming cyanobacteria in aerobic corrosion in shallow water shipwrecks.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42591400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-30DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00306
A. Stepanova, V. Kornisheva, K. Raznatovskiy, O. A. Smolina
of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - negative contrasting with phosphoric-tungstic acid (FVA) - was tested to identify microorganisms directly in epidermal scales in order to describe the frequency of their occurrence and their morphology. To carry out transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - negative contrast with the staining of the FVА with a microbiological loop, a part of the epidermal scales collected from the affected and unaffected areas of the patient’s scalp was transferred into sterile plastic tubes for Eppendorf microprobes (1.5ml) containing physiological solution (0.1ml) for 10 minutes. The resulting suspensions were applied with an automatic pipette on electron microscopic copper grids with a diameter of 3mm, covered with a transparent mold-varnished substrate-film. Then, a 1.5% solution of FVA (pH 6.7) was applied to the grids with the material for 10 minutes, which stained the objects negatively in black and allowed TEM to clearly reveal the details of their ultrastructural organization. After staining with FVA, the grids were washed with distilled water, transferred to dry filter paper in a Petri dish, dried for 10 minutes, and examined in TEM Jem 100-SX (Jeol, Japan). Abstract Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. When examining punch biopsies of a patient’s scalp with psoriasis, we for the first time used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with the express method of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - negative contrasting with phosphoric tungsten acid (FVA). The study compared biopsies from scalp affected and unaffected by psoriasis. It was shown that psoriatic areas of the scalp are covered with bio films consisting of clusters of coccoid bacteria and yeast cells of fungi, connected by thin chaotically located strands. The number of hairs on the affected skin area with psoriasis was 2 times less than on the unaffected one. and the hair cuticle at the lesions was dystrophic. The use of the TEM method revealed only yeast cells in the scalp scales, which, in terms of size, shape (the presence of a wide scar) and monopolar budding, allowed them to be attributed to the genus Malassezia . Fungi of the genus Malassezia were less common in the scales of the affected skin area, as compared to the unaffected one. This discrepancy in the results can be explained by the fact that the formed bacterial-mycotic biofilms, due to the extracellular matrix, affect the vital activity of fungi and prevent them from freely settling between the scales. Most likely, it is the combination of bacteria and fungi in the form of bacterial-mycotic films on the skin that initiates the appearance of psoriatic eruptions, and in further studies it is advisable to consider bacteria and fungi in combination. It is necessary to find out what factors contribute to the formation of such associations during the formation of biofilms, which will allow finding new methods of therapy.
{"title":"Scalp psoriasis and biofilms: electron microscopy","authors":"A. Stepanova, V. Kornisheva, K. Raznatovskiy, O. A. Smolina","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2020.08.00306","url":null,"abstract":"of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - negative contrasting with phosphoric-tungstic acid (FVA) - was tested to identify microorganisms directly in epidermal scales in order to describe the frequency of their occurrence and their morphology. To carry out transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - negative contrast with the staining of the FVА with a microbiological loop, a part of the epidermal scales collected from the affected and unaffected areas of the patient’s scalp was transferred into sterile plastic tubes for Eppendorf microprobes (1.5ml) containing physiological solution (0.1ml) for 10 minutes. The resulting suspensions were applied with an automatic pipette on electron microscopic copper grids with a diameter of 3mm, covered with a transparent mold-varnished substrate-film. Then, a 1.5% solution of FVA (pH 6.7) was applied to the grids with the material for 10 minutes, which stained the objects negatively in black and allowed TEM to clearly reveal the details of their ultrastructural organization. After staining with FVA, the grids were washed with distilled water, transferred to dry filter paper in a Petri dish, dried for 10 minutes, and examined in TEM Jem 100-SX (Jeol, Japan). Abstract Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. When examining punch biopsies of a patient’s scalp with psoriasis, we for the first time used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with the express method of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - negative contrasting with phosphoric tungsten acid (FVA). The study compared biopsies from scalp affected and unaffected by psoriasis. It was shown that psoriatic areas of the scalp are covered with bio films consisting of clusters of coccoid bacteria and yeast cells of fungi, connected by thin chaotically located strands. The number of hairs on the affected skin area with psoriasis was 2 times less than on the unaffected one. and the hair cuticle at the lesions was dystrophic. The use of the TEM method revealed only yeast cells in the scalp scales, which, in terms of size, shape (the presence of a wide scar) and monopolar budding, allowed them to be attributed to the genus Malassezia . Fungi of the genus Malassezia were less common in the scales of the affected skin area, as compared to the unaffected one. This discrepancy in the results can be explained by the fact that the formed bacterial-mycotic biofilms, due to the extracellular matrix, affect the vital activity of fungi and prevent them from freely settling between the scales. Most likely, it is the combination of bacteria and fungi in the form of bacterial-mycotic films on the skin that initiates the appearance of psoriatic eruptions, and in further studies it is advisable to consider bacteria and fungi in combination. It is necessary to find out what factors contribute to the formation of such associations during the formation of biofilms, which will allow finding new methods of therapy.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48989304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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