Pub Date : 2020-12-23DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.4.p284
Performing vision therapy with a preschooler, especially one with developmental delays, can be very exhausting - especially in the current times of COVID quarantine. Turning therapy into a fun and interactive (yet therapeutic) game is how I have best found to perform therapy with my own such little patient. If done with some imagination, a simple game can be turned into a whole therapy session all on its own.
{"title":"Multitasking a Perceptual Activity","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.4.p284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.4.p284","url":null,"abstract":"Performing vision therapy with a preschooler, especially one with developmental delays, can be very exhausting - especially in the current times of COVID quarantine. Turning\u0000therapy into a fun and interactive (yet therapeutic) game is how I have best found to perform therapy with my own such little patient. If done with some imagination, a simple game can be turned into a whole therapy session all on its own.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88671213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p264
Visual motion sensitivity (VMS) is a common symptom in patients with concussion/mild traumatic brain injury (C/mTBI). It is typically assessed clinically in a qualitative manner by the patient’s case history. We propose a simple, rapid, direct, and quantitative manner for VMS assessment in this population using an OKN drum in four peripheral fields while the patient is centrally fixated.
{"title":"Clinical Quantitative Assessment of Visual Motion Sensitivity in Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p264","url":null,"abstract":"Visual motion sensitivity (VMS) is a common symptom in patients with concussion/mild traumatic brain injury (C/mTBI). It is typically assessed clinically in a qualitative manner by the patient’s case history. We propose a simple, rapid, direct, and quantitative manner for VMS assessment in this population using an OKN drum in four peripheral fields while the patient is centrally fixated.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78725377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p221
Background: Vision deficits are highly prevalent in children with neurodevelopmental disorders including those with motor delays, learning and reading difficulties, and maladaptive behaviors. These deficits can interfere with their participation and performance in everyday life activities and therefore, require a comprehensive approach to therapy. As such, optometrists and occupational therapists are an optimal team to provide interprofessional collaborative care, reported in research as best practice, in the treatment of these children. However, little is known about the long-called-for collaboration between these professions. The purpose of this study was to explore factors and implications associated with a collaborative practice between optometrists and occupational therapists in the co-management of vision deficits in the pediatric population. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive design was employed to explore perceptions of collaborative practice among teams of optometrists and occupational therapists in the remedial care of children with visual deficits. Following IRB approval, co-located optometrists and occupational therapists were recruited for this study. Semistructured interviews served as the primary data collection tool to investigate the factors and implications of collaborative practice. Results: Eleven professionals provided informed consent and took part in this study, including five occupational therapists and six optometrists. Following thematic analysis, four overarching themes emerged including 1) professional boundaries, 2) co-located, integrated practice, 3) professional growth, and 4) improved patient care. Participants indicated that although barriers exist, exercising humility, upholding patient-centered focus, maintaining mutual respect, communicating frequently, and co-location were factors that enable collaboration. Positive outcomes related to both the provider and the patient were further highlighted supporting the interprofessional collaboration between these professionals. Conclusions: The findings of this qualitative study add to the body of evidence underpinning interprofessional collaborative practice. Furthermore, this study supports the coordination of care, through optometry and occupational therapy collaboration, in the treatment of visual deficits in children with special needs.
{"title":"A Worthwhile Collaboration: Integrating Optometry and Occupational Therapy in the Treatment of Children","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p221","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vision deficits are highly prevalent in children with neurodevelopmental disorders including those with motor delays, learning and reading difficulties, and maladaptive behaviors. These deficits can interfere with their participation and performance in everyday life activities and therefore, require a comprehensive approach\u0000to therapy. As such, optometrists and occupational therapists are an optimal team to\u0000provide interprofessional collaborative care, reported in research as best practice, in the treatment of these children. However, little is known about the long-called-for collaboration between these professions. The purpose of this study was to explore factors and implications associated with a collaborative practice between optometrists and occupational therapists in the co-management of vision deficits in the pediatric population.\u0000Methods: A qualitative, descriptive design was employed to explore perceptions of collaborative practice among teams of optometrists and occupational therapists in the remedial care of children with visual deficits. Following IRB approval, co-located optometrists and occupational therapists were recruited for this study. Semistructured\u0000interviews served as the primary data collection tool to investigate the factors and implications of collaborative practice.\u0000Results: Eleven professionals provided informed consent and took part in this study, including five occupational therapists and six optometrists. Following thematic analysis, four overarching themes emerged including 1) professional boundaries, 2) co-located, integrated practice, 3) professional growth, and 4) improved patient care. Participants indicated that although barriers exist, exercising humility, upholding patient-centered focus, maintaining mutual respect, communicating frequently, and co-location were factors that enable collaboration. Positive outcomes related to both the provider and the patient were further highlighted supporting the interprofessional collaboration between these professionals.\u0000Conclusions: The findings of this qualitative study add to the body of evidence underpinning interprofessional collaborative practice. Furthermore, this study supports the coordination of care, through optometry and occupational therapy collaboration, in the treatment of visual deficits in children with special needs.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78716135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p208
Purpose: To compare visual acuity, refractive error, and spectacle adaptation in children with autism to typically developing (TD) peers; to report visual acuity and spectacle wear in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by parent reported level of verbal communication. Methods: In a prospective pilot study, 61 children and adolescents (34 with ASD and 27 who were TD) aged 9 to 17 years completed an eye examination protocol including tests of visual acuity and refraction. Children who required new refractive correction were given a spectacle prescription. Parents provided information for ASD patients regarding their level of verbal communication. Results: ASD subjects had significantly poorer distance and near, binocular and monocular visual acuity. Though there were no differences in spherical equivalent refractive error between the groups, ASD children were less likely to be wearing appropriate refractive correction. Both TD and ASD children successfully adapted to spectacle wear; Adaptation time was faster for TD subjects (1 week) than ASD subjects (16 weeks). ASD children were more likely to complain about wearing spectacles and require more parental prompting to wear glasses than TD children. ASD children who, were reported to be less verbal wore their glasses fewer hours than ASD children who were reported to be more verbal. Conclusion: When visual acuity is measured during a comprehensive eye examination, ASD children show a small, but significant decrease over multiple measures. Spherical equivalent refractive error does not differ from TD children. ASD children adapt to spectacle wear, but require more time, and experience more symptoms and require more parental support.
{"title":"Visual Acuity, Refractive Error, and Adaptation to Spectacle Wear in Children with Autism and in Typical Peers","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p208","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare visual acuity, refractive error, and spectacle adaptation in children with autism to typically developing (TD) peers; to report visual acuity and spectacle wear in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by parent reported level of verbal communication. Methods: In a prospective pilot study, 61 children and adolescents (34 with ASD and 27 who were TD) aged 9 to 17 years completed an eye examination protocol including tests of visual acuity and refraction. Children who required new refractive correction were given a spectacle prescription. Parents provided information for ASD patients regarding their level of verbal communication. Results: ASD subjects had significantly poorer distance and near, binocular and monocular visual acuity. Though there were no differences in spherical equivalent refractive error between the groups, ASD children were less likely to be wearing appropriate refractive correction. Both TD and ASD children successfully adapted to spectacle wear; Adaptation time was faster for TD subjects (1 week) than ASD subjects (16 weeks). ASD children were more likely to complain about wearing spectacles and require more parental prompting to wear glasses than TD children. ASD children who, were reported to be less verbal wore their glasses fewer hours than ASD children who were reported to be more verbal. Conclusion: When visual acuity is measured during a comprehensive eye examination, ASD children show a small, but significant decrease over multiple measures. Spherical equivalent refractive error does not differ from TD children. ASD children adapt to spectacle wear, but require more time, and experience more symptoms and require more parental support.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87588119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p237
Background: Stargardt’s macular dystrophy is an autosomal recessive inherited retinal dystrophy associated with mutation in the ABCA4 gene. Although there are no current FDA approved treatments or cures for patients with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy, current research avenues include nutritional supplementation, drug therapies, and gene therapy. Case Report: A 58 year old African American female presents with suspected Stargardt’s with visual reports for comprehensive rehabilitation, including magnification assessment and genetic counseling of a patient with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy. Conclusion: Genetic testing provides insight to the phenotype and magnification determination provides significant rehabilitation to these individuals.
{"title":"“ There is No Cure for Stargardt’s”: The Prognosis and Rehabilitation of a Patient with Genetically Confirmed Abca 4 Mutations","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p237","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stargardt’s macular dystrophy is an autosomal recessive inherited retinal\u0000dystrophy associated with mutation in the ABCA4 gene. Although there are no current\u0000FDA approved treatments or cures for patients with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy, current research avenues include nutritional supplementation, drug therapies, and gene therapy.\u0000Case Report: A 58 year old African American female presents with suspected Stargardt’s with visual reports for comprehensive rehabilitation, including magnification assessment and genetic counseling of a patient with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy.\u0000Conclusion: Genetic testing provides insight to the phenotype and magnification determination provides significant rehabilitation to these individuals.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"353 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82606920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p243
Background: Binocular vision assessment is an integral part of an eye and vision care practice. With the need for a user friendly, simplified, and comprehensive tool especially in this digital era, we propose a new indigenous cloudbased software, Bynocs.® This manuscript describes the technical details, the functioning of this indigenous software, and a case series demonstrating the application and efficacy of Bynocs® as a tele-health vision therapy tool. All the three cases were handled remotely through the Bynocs tele-health vision therapy platform. Case Reports: Case 1: This is a case of symptomatic convergence insufficiency who had prior compliance issues with a conventional vision therapy approach. With 10 sessions of Bynocs vision therapy focused on improving convergence amplitudes, the patient showed significant improvements in both subjective and objective parameters. Case 2: This case is of a 12 year old child with residual anisometropic amblyopia who had excellent compliance with patching therapy for 3 years but visual acuity had plateaued over the last 6 months. After 20 sessions of Dichoptic amblyopia therapy, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved by 3 log MAR lines, with improvements in stereoacuity to 100 sec of arc. Case 3: This case of a 10 year old child with residual exophoria after strabismus surgery was referred for managing the residual deviation and associated visual complaints. The child had 20/20 visual acuity in both eyes and 10 prism diopters of residual exophoria at distance and near. After 30 sessions of vision therapy, improvements in fusional vergence amplitudes was achieved along with the deviation restoring to orthophoria at both distance and near, with further improvements in stereoacuity from 400 sec of arc to 120 sec of arc. Conclusions: As tele-health is finding favor across the globe, Bynocs® can be a valuable tele-health vision therapy tool for in the management of binocular vision anomalies and amblyopia with the functionality for remote diagnosis and therapy.
{"title":"BYNOCS®1 – A Cloud-Based Indigenous Tele-Health Vision Therapy Software for the Assessment and Management of Binocular Vision Disorders","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p243","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Binocular vision assessment is an integral part of an eye and vision care practice. With the need for a user friendly, simplified, and comprehensive tool especially in this digital era, we propose a new indigenous cloudbased software, Bynocs.® This manuscript describes the technical details, the functioning of this indigenous software, and a case series demonstrating the application and efficacy of Bynocs® as a tele-health vision therapy tool. All the three cases were handled remotely through the Bynocs tele-health vision therapy platform. \u0000Case Reports:\u0000Case 1: This is a case of symptomatic convergence insufficiency who had prior compliance issues with a conventional vision therapy approach. With 10 sessions of Bynocs vision therapy focused on improving convergence amplitudes, the patient showed significant improvements in both subjective and objective parameters.\u0000Case 2: This case is of a 12 year old child with residual anisometropic amblyopia who had excellent compliance with patching therapy for 3 years but visual acuity had plateaued over the last 6 months. After 20 sessions of Dichoptic amblyopia therapy, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved by 3 log MAR lines, with improvements in stereoacuity to 100 sec of arc.\u0000Case 3: This case of a 10 year old child with residual exophoria after strabismus surgery was referred for managing the residual deviation and associated visual complaints. The child had 20/20 visual acuity in both eyes and 10 prism diopters of residual exophoria at distance and near. After 30 sessions of vision therapy, improvements in fusional vergence amplitudes was achieved along with the deviation restoring to orthophoria at both distance and near, with further improvements in stereoacuity from 400 sec of arc to 120 sec of arc.\u0000Conclusions: As tele-health is finding favor across the globe, Bynocs® can be a valuable tele-health vision therapy tool for in the management of binocular vision anomalies and amblyopia with the functionality for remote diagnosis and therapy.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83051051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Proximal vergence is defined as a vergence eye movement subtype driven by an "awareness of nearness". The purpose of this experiment was to compare values of proximal vergence calculated with and without measures of accommodation to assess the clinical utility of each measurement method.
Methods: Thirteen participants between the ages of 22 and 37 (mean = 28.5 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled. The distance and near heterophoria were measured using the Modified Thorington technique. The near heterophoria was measured under three randomized viewing conditions (no lenses, +1.00D lenses, +2.50D lenses). Refractive error was measured with an autorefractor. Proximal vergence was calculated as the difference in calculated (far-near) and gradient (+1.00) stimulus AC/A ratios (stimulus AC/A differencing method), the difference in calculated and gradient response AC/A ratios (response AC/A differencing method), and the change in vergence from distance to near with the +2.50D lenses (uncorrected +2.50D method). This latter value was also corrected for any active accommodation with +2.50D lenses (corrected +2.50D method).
Results: The mean proximal vergence values (Δ) were 7.82 ± 5.98 (stimulus AC/A differencing method), 8.29 ± 3.30 (response AC/A differencing method), 6.23 ± 3.52 (uncorrected +2.50D method), and 5.13 ± 2.98 (corrected +2.50D method). The only comparison that showed both a significant correlation (p<0.05) and a non-significant difference from the paired t-test (p>0.05) was that between the stimulus AC/A differencing method and the uncorrected +2.50D method.
Conclusions: When response accommodation was accounted for, differences occurred in the mean proximal values obtained with the various methods. The means of the methods most likely to be used clinically (stimulus AC/A differencing method and uncorrected +2.50D method) were similar, although some individuals demonstrated significant differences between these methods.
{"title":"Comparisons of proximal vergence measures.","authors":"Nick Fogt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proximal vergence is defined as a vergence eye movement subtype driven by an \"awareness of nearness\". The purpose of this experiment was to compare values of proximal vergence calculated with and without measures of accommodation to assess the clinical utility of each measurement method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen participants between the ages of 22 and 37 (mean = 28.5 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled. The distance and near heterophoria were measured using the Modified Thorington technique. The near heterophoria was measured under three randomized viewing conditions (no lenses, +1.00D lenses, +2.50D lenses). Refractive error was measured with an autorefractor. Proximal vergence was calculated as the difference in calculated (far-near) and gradient (+1.00) stimulus AC/A ratios (stimulus AC/A differencing method), the difference in calculated and gradient response AC/A ratios (response AC/A differencing method), and the change in vergence from distance to near with the +2.50D lenses (uncorrected +2.50D method). This latter value was also corrected for any active accommodation with +2.50D lenses (corrected +2.50D method).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean proximal vergence values (Δ) were 7.82 ± 5.98 (stimulus AC/A differencing method), 8.29 ± 3.30 (response AC/A differencing method), 6.23 ± 3.52 (uncorrected +2.50D method), and 5.13 ± 2.98 (corrected +2.50D method). The only comparison that showed both a significant correlation (p<0.05) and a non-significant difference from the paired t-test (p>0.05) was that between the stimulus AC/A differencing method and the uncorrected +2.50D method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When response accommodation was accounted for, differences occurred in the mean proximal values obtained with the various methods. The means of the methods most likely to be used clinically (stimulus AC/A differencing method and uncorrected +2.50D method) were similar, although some individuals demonstrated significant differences between these methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"6 3","pages":"252-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7717499/pdf/nihms-1613098.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38683783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p252
N. Fogt
Background Proximal vergence is defined as a vergence eye movement subtype driven by an "awareness of nearness". The purpose of this experiment was to compare values of proximal vergence calculated with and without measures of accommodation to assess the clinical utility of each measurement method. Methods Thirteen participants between the ages of 22 and 37 (mean = 28.5 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled. The distance and near heterophoria were measured using the Modified Thorington technique. The near heterophoria was measured under three randomized viewing conditions (no lenses, +1.00D lenses, +2.50D lenses). Refractive error was measured with an autorefractor. Proximal vergence was calculated as the difference in calculated (far-near) and gradient (+1.00) stimulus AC/A ratios (stimulus AC/A differencing method), the difference in calculated and gradient response AC/A ratios (response AC/A differencing method), and the change in vergence from distance to near with the +2.50D lenses (uncorrected +2.50D method). This latter value was also corrected for any active accommodation with +2.50D lenses (corrected +2.50D method). Results The mean proximal vergence values (Δ) were 7.82 ± 5.98 (stimulus AC/A differencing method), 8.29 ± 3.30 (response AC/A differencing method), 6.23 ± 3.52 (uncorrected +2.50D method), and 5.13 ± 2.98 (corrected +2.50D method). The only comparison that showed both a significant correlation (p<0.05) and a non-significant difference from the paired t-test (p>0.05) was that between the stimulus AC/A differencing method and the uncorrected +2.50D method. Conclusions When response accommodation was accounted for, differences occurred in the mean proximal values obtained with the various methods. The means of the methods most likely to be used clinically (stimulus AC/A differencing method and uncorrected +2.50D method) were similar, although some individuals demonstrated significant differences between these methods.
{"title":"Comparisons of proximal vergence measures.","authors":"N. Fogt","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p252","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000Proximal vergence is defined as a vergence eye movement subtype driven by an \"awareness of nearness\". The purpose of this experiment was to compare values of proximal vergence calculated with and without measures of accommodation to assess the clinical utility of each measurement method.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Thirteen participants between the ages of 22 and 37 (mean = 28.5 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled. The distance and near heterophoria were measured using the Modified Thorington technique. The near heterophoria was measured under three randomized viewing conditions (no lenses, +1.00D lenses, +2.50D lenses). Refractive error was measured with an autorefractor. Proximal vergence was calculated as the difference in calculated (far-near) and gradient (+1.00) stimulus AC/A ratios (stimulus AC/A differencing method), the difference in calculated and gradient response AC/A ratios (response AC/A differencing method), and the change in vergence from distance to near with the +2.50D lenses (uncorrected +2.50D method). This latter value was also corrected for any active accommodation with +2.50D lenses (corrected +2.50D method).\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000The mean proximal vergence values (Δ) were 7.82 ± 5.98 (stimulus AC/A differencing method), 8.29 ± 3.30 (response AC/A differencing method), 6.23 ± 3.52 (uncorrected +2.50D method), and 5.13 ± 2.98 (corrected +2.50D method). The only comparison that showed both a significant correlation (p<0.05) and a non-significant difference from the paired t-test (p>0.05) was that between the stimulus AC/A differencing method and the uncorrected +2.50D method.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions\u0000When response accommodation was accounted for, differences occurred in the mean proximal values obtained with the various methods. The means of the methods most likely to be used clinically (stimulus AC/A differencing method and uncorrected +2.50D method) were similar, although some individuals demonstrated significant differences between these methods.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"6 3 1","pages":"252-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45465900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-22DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.2.p127
Our practice, Alderwood Vision Therapy Center (AVTC) focuses on optometric vision therapy. We are located in Washington state. This holds great significance in this era of COVID-19 as the first documented case of the novel coronavirus in the United States was confirmed in Washington State on January 21, 2020. The individual who holds this ominous distinction, a gentleman in his 30s, had travelled to Wuhan, China where the pandemic originated. Initially there was optimism that our practice could continue in-office operations at our two locations. We sent out a notice to our patients that we were making continual changes to our normal practices in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. These changes included having only those individuals essential to the patient’s visit attend the appointment as to limit exposure in the reception area. Patients were advised that if they had fever within the past two weeks or had exposure to anyone confirmed as having the virus, their appointment would be rescheduled. We indicated that we were looking at the option of Remote Vision Therapy sessions and that, while insurance did not as yet pay for this, it was a vital option. It seemed as if every day the landscape was changing and it became apparent, fairly rapidly, that in-office therapy would be difficult to continue. As we investigated the alternative of Remote Vision Therapy more seriously, we ultimately made the heart wrenching decision to close in-office operations on March 18, 2020, five days in advance of Governor Jay Inslee’s Stay Home Order that closed nonessential businesses in the state.
我们的实践，奥尔德伍德视力治疗中心(AVTC)专注于验光视力治疗。我们位于华盛顿州。这在2019冠状病毒病时代具有重要意义，因为2020年1月21日，美国华盛顿州确诊了第一例新型冠状病毒病例。拥有这一不祥荣誉的人是一位30多岁的绅士，他曾去过大流行的发源地中国武汉。最初，我们乐观地认为，我们的做法可以继续在我们的两个地点的办公室运作。我们向患者发出通知，我们正在不断改变我们的正常做法，以应对COVID-19的爆发。这些改变包括只有那些对病人就诊至关重要的人参加预约，以限制在接待区接触。患者被告知，如果他们在过去两周内发烧或接触过被确诊感染病毒的人，他们的预约将重新安排。我们表示，我们正在考虑远程视力治疗课程的选择，虽然保险公司还没有为此支付费用，但这是一个至关重要的选择。似乎每天的情况都在变化，很明显，很快，办公室治疗将很难继续下去。随着我们更认真地调查远程视力治疗的替代方案，我们最终做出了令人心痛的决定，即在2020年3月18日关闭办公室业务，比州长杰伊·英斯利(Jay Inslee)的居家令(Stay Home Order)提前五天，该命令关闭了该州的非必要企业。
{"title":"A Team Approach to Remote Vision Therapy and the Transformation to Virtual Vision Therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.2.p127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.2.p127","url":null,"abstract":"Our practice, Alderwood Vision Therapy Center (AVTC) focuses on optometric vision therapy. We are located in Washington state. This holds great significance in this era of COVID-19 as the first documented case of the novel coronavirus in the United States was confirmed in Washington State on January 21, 2020. The individual who holds this ominous distinction, a gentleman in his 30s, had travelled to Wuhan, China where the pandemic originated.\u0000\u0000Initially there was optimism that our practice could continue in-office operations at our two locations. We sent out a notice to our patients that we were making continual changes to our normal practices in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. These changes included having only those individuals essential to the patient’s visit attend the appointment as to limit exposure in the reception area. Patients were advised that if they had fever within the past two weeks or had exposure to anyone confirmed as having the virus, their appointment would be rescheduled. We indicated that we were looking at the option of Remote Vision Therapy sessions and that, while insurance did not as yet pay for this, it was a vital option. \u0000\u0000It seemed as if every day the landscape was changing and it became apparent, fairly rapidly, that in-office therapy would be difficult to continue. As we investigated the alternative of Remote Vision Therapy more seriously, we ultimately made the heart wrenching decision to close in-office operations on March 18, 2020, five days in advance of Governor Jay Inslee’s Stay Home Order that closed nonessential businesses in the state.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87306173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-22DOI: 10.31707/vdr2020.6.2.p173
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Midwestern University Eye Institute located in Glendale, Arizona rescheduled all nonessential eyecare, including the Vision Therapy services. Postponing weekly vision therapy sessions posed two primary problems for both the patients of the Eye Institute and the third- and fourth-year optometry students. First, it would disrupt the treatment plan for patients, many of whom were in the middle of their therapy program. Second, this would severely limit third- and fourth-year optometry student exposure to the field and reduce their overall patient encounter numbers. Therefore, the Arizona College of Optometry (AZCOPT) Pediatric and Binocular Vision faculty and staff developed a contingency plan to implement Telehealth Vision Therapy for approved patients with the goals of continuing weekly vision therapy sessions and increasing patient encounters for optometry students. This implementation proved to be successful, with patients continuing therapy at home with self-reported improvement in symptoms. The department’s implementation became a model for the Eye Institute’s overall rollout of telemedicine services.
{"title":"Implementation of Telehealth for Vision Therapy in an Academic Setting","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2020.6.2.p173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2020.6.2.p173","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Midwestern University Eye Institute located in Glendale, Arizona rescheduled all nonessential eyecare, including the Vision Therapy services. Postponing weekly vision therapy sessions posed two primary problems for both the patients of the Eye Institute and the third- and fourth-year optometry students. First, it would disrupt the treatment plan for patients, many of whom were in the middle of their therapy program. Second, this would severely limit third- and fourth-year optometry student exposure to the field and reduce their overall patient encounter numbers. Therefore, the Arizona College of Optometry (AZCOPT) Pediatric and Binocular Vision faculty and staff developed a contingency plan to implement Telehealth Vision Therapy for approved patients with the goals of continuing weekly vision therapy sessions and increasing patient encounters for optometry students. This implementation proved to be successful, with patients continuing therapy at home with self-reported improvement in symptoms. The department’s implementation became a model for the Eye Institute’s overall rollout of telemedicine services.","PeriodicalId":91423,"journal":{"name":"Vision development and rehabilitation","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88409104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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