Pub Date : 2016-10-17DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00034
Tamilmahan Paramasivam, S. K. Maiti, Sangeetha Palakara, Rashmi, Priya Singh, Naveen Kumar, Manjunthaachar, C. Plank
Bone marrow derived stem cells could offer significant multipotent differentiation capacity and plasticity in other species. However, in rat marrow there are few reports. This study described, simple and easy method for isolation of rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSC) based on their density and plastic adherence properties and along with their trilineage differentiation potential. Rat bone marrow stem cells were isolated by density gradient and plastic adherence method. After isolation of stem cell they were characterized by phase contrast microscopy and flow cytometry. Moreover, differentiation into osteoblast, adipocytes and chondrocytes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on different induction medium was analyzed using RT-PCR and their respective staining methodology. The attached nucleated cells showed their spindle shaped fibroblastic like morphology. Flow cytometry results revealed that they were negative for haematopoietic markers such as CD 31 and CD 45 and positive for mesenchymal markers CD 90 and CD 29. On the other hand, they were differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic and this was confirmed by alizarin red, Oil red O and Alcian blue stain respectively. Further RT-PCR results indicated that rBMSC expressed Runx2; Ppar-γ and Aggrecan genes which showed that these cells can easily differentiate into many different lineages and this can be applicable for cell based regenerative disorders.
{"title":"Culture, characterization and differentiation potential of rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Tamilmahan Paramasivam, S. K. Maiti, Sangeetha Palakara, Rashmi, Priya Singh, Naveen Kumar, Manjunthaachar, C. Plank","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00034","url":null,"abstract":"Bone marrow derived stem cells could offer significant multipotent differentiation capacity and plasticity in other species. However, in rat marrow there are few reports. This study described, simple and easy method for isolation of rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSC) based on their density and plastic adherence properties and along with their trilineage differentiation potential. Rat bone marrow stem cells were isolated by density gradient and plastic adherence method. After isolation of stem cell they were characterized by phase contrast microscopy and flow cytometry. Moreover, differentiation into osteoblast, adipocytes and chondrocytes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on different induction medium was analyzed using RT-PCR and their respective staining methodology. The attached nucleated cells showed their spindle shaped fibroblastic like morphology. Flow cytometry results revealed that they were negative for haematopoietic markers such as CD 31 and CD 45 and positive for mesenchymal markers CD 90 and CD 29. On the other hand, they were differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic and this was confirmed by alizarin red, Oil red O and Alcian blue stain respectively. Further RT-PCR results indicated that rBMSC expressed Runx2; Ppar-γ and Aggrecan genes which showed that these cells can easily differentiate into many different lineages and this can be applicable for cell based regenerative disorders.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84809438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-14DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00033
eep kaur, S. Gupte, Tanveer Kaur
Administration of stem cells is a new therapy for the treatment of many diseases that are not curable by current therapies. Stem cells are formed at different places in the body and from the stem cells there are many other cells with specialized functions are generated. These include two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells, which are found in various tissues. Stem cells are used for repairing the damaged tissues of the body. Recent research suggests that stem cells especially mesenchymal stem cells have immuno-modulatory characteristics. Stem cells have the properties of self renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, due to these properties transplantation of stem cells has a very promising way for treatment of many diseases.
{"title":"Stem Cell Technology in Diseases","authors":"eep kaur, S. Gupte, Tanveer Kaur","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00033","url":null,"abstract":"Administration of stem cells is a new therapy for the treatment of many diseases that are not curable by current therapies. Stem cells are formed at different places in the body and from the stem cells there are many other cells with specialized functions are generated. These include two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells, which are found in various tissues. Stem cells are used for repairing the damaged tissues of the body. Recent research suggests that stem cells especially mesenchymal stem cells have immuno-modulatory characteristics. Stem cells have the properties of self renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, due to these properties transplantation of stem cells has a very promising way for treatment of many diseases.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83344446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-03DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00032
B. Arora, S. Suriyanarayanan, A. ey
{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in knee osteoarthritis: the way forward","authors":"B. Arora, S. Suriyanarayanan, A. ey","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79580951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-28DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00031
Shakir Ali
The cell line cross contamination and co-culture is a major issue in animal cell culture that invalidates the research results, compromises the comparison of results in different laboratories and diminishes the use of animal cell culture for medical purpose and as a viable alternative and an effective tool in understanding the fundamental cell processes. It reduces the quality of the research and may lead to unusable therapeutic products. In stem cell therapy, the engraftment of undifferentiated or incorrectly differentiated cells has been reported to cause substantial tumorigenic or immunogenic risks to the recipient. However, the problem of the undesired or accidental co-culture can be resolved by increasing awareness and following standard procedures, including inspecting regularly the quality of cell lines used in cell culture laboratories. This review provides an insight into accidental co-culture as a result of cross contamination with a brief account of common cross contaminating cell lines and appropriate measures to diminish the chances of cross contamination and accidental co-culture.
{"title":"Cell Line Cross-Contamination and Accidental Co-Culture","authors":"Shakir Ali","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00031","url":null,"abstract":"The cell line cross contamination and co-culture is a major issue in animal cell culture that invalidates the research results, compromises the comparison of results in different laboratories and diminishes the use of animal cell culture for medical purpose and as a viable alternative and an effective tool in understanding the fundamental cell processes. It reduces the quality of the research and may lead to unusable therapeutic products. In stem cell therapy, the engraftment of undifferentiated or incorrectly differentiated cells has been reported to cause substantial tumorigenic or immunogenic risks to the recipient. However, the problem of the undesired or accidental co-culture can be resolved by increasing awareness and following standard procedures, including inspecting regularly the quality of cell lines used in cell culture laboratories. This review provides an insight into accidental co-culture as a result of cross contamination with a brief account of common cross contaminating cell lines and appropriate measures to diminish the chances of cross contamination and accidental co-culture.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78908136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-27DOI: 10.15406/jsrt.2016.01.00030
Sanjana Kareti, A. Kapadia, S. Dravida
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic neuromuscular disorder, has a pernicious influence on skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue and results in a significant decline in the life span of those affected. The destruction is mainly attributed to perpetuating inflammation and fibrosis. This review explores the potential of a comprehensive therapeutic approach with an objective to minimize ongoing damage and reconstitute normal tissue.
{"title":"Integrated treatment regime for duchenne muscular dystrophy","authors":"Sanjana Kareti, A. Kapadia, S. Dravida","doi":"10.15406/jsrt.2016.01.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jsrt.2016.01.00030","url":null,"abstract":"Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic neuromuscular disorder, has a pernicious influence on skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue and results in a significant decline in the life span of those affected. The destruction is mainly attributed to perpetuating inflammation and fibrosis. This review explores the potential of a comprehensive therapeutic approach with an objective to minimize ongoing damage and reconstitute normal tissue.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87133451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-20DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00029
Hassan Dana, Ghanbar Mahmoodi, Vahid Marmari, A. Mazraeh, M. Ebrahimi
Stem cells are determined as cells with the capability to perpetuate themselves through self- renewal and to produce mature cells of a special tissue through differentiation. Due to the tremendous clinical and biological significance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), research related to these cells is rapidly evolving. Although a series of hypotheses have been proposed about the origin of CSCs, their origin is yet to be discovered. CSCs play a critical role in cancer creation, evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. The existence of CSCs is deeply applied in cancer therapy, since they have a collection of markers for detection and determination. This article reviews the characteristics of CSCs in terms of their origin, their application in CSCs and cancer therapy, and their isolation techniques.
{"title":"An overview of cancer stem cell","authors":"Hassan Dana, Ghanbar Mahmoodi, Vahid Marmari, A. Mazraeh, M. Ebrahimi","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00029","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cells are determined as cells with the capability to perpetuate themselves through self- renewal and to produce mature cells of a special tissue through differentiation. Due to the tremendous clinical and biological significance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), research related to these cells is rapidly evolving. Although a series of hypotheses have been proposed about the origin of CSCs, their origin is yet to be discovered. CSCs play a critical role in cancer creation, evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. The existence of CSCs is deeply applied in cancer therapy, since they have a collection of markers for detection and determination. This article reviews the characteristics of CSCs in terms of their origin, their application in CSCs and cancer therapy, and their isolation techniques.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-19DOI: 10.15406/jsrt.2016.01.00028
M. Kooblall, D. Nash, L. O'Connell, P. Branagan
Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant protein synthesized in the liver. Upon activation, protein C inactivates coagulation factors Va and VIIIa, which are necessary for thrombin generation and factor X activation. Most patients with inherited protein C deficiency are heterozygous for a genetic defect that reduces protein C levels, activity, or both (ie, transmission is autosomal dominant). A number of acquired conditions also can reduce protein C levels, including acute thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), liver disease, vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulants, meningococcal infection, and others [1]. The following case illustrates a life threatening condition that Protein C deficiency can cause.
{"title":"The devastating effect of protein c deficiency","authors":"M. Kooblall, D. Nash, L. O'Connell, P. Branagan","doi":"10.15406/jsrt.2016.01.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jsrt.2016.01.00028","url":null,"abstract":"Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant protein synthesized in the liver. Upon activation, protein C inactivates coagulation factors Va and VIIIa, which are necessary for thrombin generation and factor X activation. Most patients with inherited protein C deficiency are heterozygous for a genetic defect that reduces protein C levels, activity, or both (ie, transmission is autosomal dominant). A number of acquired conditions also can reduce protein C levels, including acute thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), liver disease, vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulants, meningococcal infection, and others [1]. The following case illustrates a life threatening condition that Protein C deficiency can cause.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83284546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-16DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.1.00027
G. Shyam
Firearm injury is a serious public health problem in the United States (US) costing more than $70-75 billion annually [1,2]. Nonfatal gunshot injuries in the US have increased from 20.5 per 100,000 Americans in 2002 to 23.7 per 100,000 by 2011, mainly due to increased assaults [3]. Despite increasing incidence, timely neurosurgical intervention aided with improved neuro imaging and advances in acute trauma management have lowered the firearm fatality rate [4-6]. Thus, among the estimated 5.3 million people living in the US with traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related disability, the proportion of gun-shot wound survivors has been rising steadily [3,7-11]. Among head injuries, penetrating injuries (PTBI) are associated with the worst outcomes [12,13], and no effective restorative treatment beyond physical therapy is currently available to mitigate post-TBI disability [12-14]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore additional treatment options to address long term TBI related disabilities. Studies with preclinical models have demonstrated that failure of injuryinduced regenerative neurogenesis; chronic inflammation and atrophy underlie poor outcomes [15-17]. Loss of neurons and consequent brain atrophy is a consistent neuro pathological finding in TBI survivors and may underlie long-term functional deficits, resulting in reduced executive and integrative capability [18-20]. Human PTBI neuro pathological findings support neuronal and axonal loss with significant brain atrophy [21]. The milestones in neural stem cell (NSC) research were outlined in a review by Gage and Temple, pioneers of the field [22]. NSCs afford the plasticity to generate, repair, and change nervous system function thus are of great interest to basic scientists as well as clinicians. NSCs have not blossomed into a therapeutic as yet and in this article some the issues that underlies the dormancy are discussed. The cell therapy field needed to address four main issues before clinical trials can be started. Firstly, production of the cell therapy candidate under good manufacturing conditions (GMP), second discovery of efficient immunosuppression, third demonstration of therapeutic benefit under controlled conditions. Three decades of basic science has managed to address first two issues.
{"title":"One step at a time, stem cell therapy for traumatic brain injury needs two more breakthroughs","authors":"G. Shyam","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.1.00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.1.00027","url":null,"abstract":"Firearm injury is a serious public health problem in the United States (US) costing more than $70-75 billion annually [1,2]. Nonfatal gunshot injuries in the US have increased from 20.5 per 100,000 Americans in 2002 to 23.7 per 100,000 by 2011, mainly due to increased assaults [3]. Despite increasing incidence, timely neurosurgical intervention aided with improved neuro imaging and advances in acute trauma management have lowered the firearm fatality rate [4-6]. Thus, among the estimated 5.3 million people living in the US with traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related disability, the proportion of gun-shot wound survivors has been rising steadily [3,7-11]. Among head injuries, penetrating injuries (PTBI) are associated with the worst outcomes [12,13], and no effective restorative treatment beyond physical therapy is currently available to mitigate post-TBI disability [12-14]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore additional treatment options to address long term TBI related disabilities. Studies with preclinical models have demonstrated that failure of injuryinduced regenerative neurogenesis; chronic inflammation and atrophy underlie poor outcomes [15-17]. Loss of neurons and consequent brain atrophy is a consistent neuro pathological finding in TBI survivors and may underlie long-term functional deficits, resulting in reduced executive and integrative capability [18-20]. Human PTBI neuro pathological findings support neuronal and axonal loss with significant brain atrophy [21]. The milestones in neural stem cell (NSC) research were outlined in a review by Gage and Temple, pioneers of the field [22]. NSCs afford the plasticity to generate, repair, and change nervous system function thus are of great interest to basic scientists as well as clinicians. NSCs have not blossomed into a therapeutic as yet and in this article some the issues that underlies the dormancy are discussed. The cell therapy field needed to address four main issues before clinical trials can be started. Firstly, production of the cell therapy candidate under good manufacturing conditions (GMP), second discovery of efficient immunosuppression, third demonstration of therapeutic benefit under controlled conditions. Three decades of basic science has managed to address first two issues.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"148 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88097489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-07DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00026
F. Zahran, A. Nabil, Amr El Karef, A. Lotfy, K. Mahmoud, W. Hozayen, M. Sobh
1.1.Background:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated a great deal of excitement and promise as a potential source of all types of cells for cell-based therapeutic strategies. The reparative role of MSCs may be multifunctional and include the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines like TGFβ1 to limit apoptosis and dampen the inflammatory response. There are reports suggesting that antioxidants such as N N'-diphenyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine (DPPD) inhibit interstitial fibrosis induced by cisplatin. It inhibits lipid peroxidation and nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin, where antioxidants make trapping for free radicals. 1.2.Aim:We aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of either stem cells or DPPD on renal fibrosis in cisplatin induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis rat model. 1.3.Materials and methods:This study was carried on 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 170 - 220 g). Rats were divided into 4 groups as follow: Control group, received intravenous saline. Cisplatin group, received cisplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p). DPPD group, received cisplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p) at the start of experiments and three days after cisplatin administration, rats were given DPPD (0.5 g/kg, i.p) every two days. MSCs group, received cisplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p) at the start of experiments and three days after cisplatin administration, rats were given MSCs (1 ×106, i.v) single dose. 14 days after cisplatin (or saline) administration, blood samples were obtained and kidneys were removed for biochemical, histopathology and immunohistochemical markers investigations. 1.4.Results:In addition to the significant rise in urea and creatinine, cisplatin group showed atrophied glomeruli with tubular cells vacuolization and increased collagen deposition. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast proliferation marker Ki-67 were found to be increased in renal tissue. Lipid peroxidation and collagen formation markers showed significant elevation. Both MSCs and antioxidant ameliorated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity to a great extent and showed marvelous anti-fibrotic effect as evidenced by histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical assessments. 1.5.Conclusion:Both MSCs and antioxidant (DPPD) were found to have potent potentials to inhibit tubulointerstitial fibrosis in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity rat model.
{"title":"Effect of antioxidants and mesenchymal stem cells on cisplatin induced renal fibrosis in rats","authors":"F. Zahran, A. Nabil, Amr El Karef, A. Lotfy, K. Mahmoud, W. Hozayen, M. Sobh","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00026","url":null,"abstract":"1.1.Background:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated a great deal of excitement and promise as a potential source of all types of cells for cell-based therapeutic strategies. The reparative role of MSCs may be multifunctional and include the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines like TGFβ1 to limit apoptosis and dampen the inflammatory response. There are reports suggesting that antioxidants such as N N'-diphenyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine (DPPD) inhibit interstitial fibrosis induced by cisplatin. It inhibits lipid peroxidation and nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin, where antioxidants make trapping for free radicals. \u0000 \u0000 1.2.Aim:We aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of either stem cells or DPPD on renal fibrosis in cisplatin induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis rat model. \u0000 \u0000 1.3.Materials and methods:This study was carried on 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 170 - 220 g). Rats were divided into 4 groups as follow: Control group, received intravenous saline. Cisplatin group, received cisplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p). DPPD group, received cisplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p) at the start of experiments and three days after cisplatin administration, rats were given DPPD (0.5 g/kg, i.p) every two days. MSCs group, received cisplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p) at the start of experiments and three days after cisplatin administration, rats were given MSCs (1 ×106, i.v) single dose. 14 days after cisplatin (or saline) administration, blood samples were obtained and kidneys were removed for biochemical, histopathology and immunohistochemical markers investigations. \u0000 \u0000 1.4.Results:In addition to the significant rise in urea and creatinine, cisplatin group showed atrophied glomeruli with tubular cells vacuolization and increased collagen deposition. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast proliferation marker Ki-67 were found to be increased in renal tissue. Lipid peroxidation and collagen formation markers showed significant elevation. Both MSCs and antioxidant ameliorated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity to a great extent and showed marvelous anti-fibrotic effect as evidenced by histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical assessments. \u0000 \u0000 1.5.Conclusion:Both MSCs and antioxidant (DPPD) were found to have potent potentials to inhibit tubulointerstitial fibrosis in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity rat model.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77081664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-06DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00025
F. Sieg
During mammalian and especially human ontogenetic brain development, cues of chemoattractive and chemorepulsive character are interacting in a spatial-temporal manner to direct neuroblasts to the dedicated locations in the neocortex. Finally, neuroblasts differentiate to fulfil their respective function in the neural circuit. Most if not all of these important molecules, that direct neuronal migration, display activity profiles in the nanomolar range. In contrast, the novel gene family of Neural Regeneration Peptides (NRPs) has a neuronal survival and chemo attraction profile in the subpicomolar range which makes the NRPs interesting candidates to represent the main constituents for neuronal chemo attraction during ontogenesis as well as injury or disease states of the brain. This review is focusing on early gene expression of the mouse nrp gene within the cortex as well as on the potential for the drug candidate NRP2945 to provide breakthrough treatment options for chronic disease states of the brain in the future.
{"title":"Mini-review of neural regeneration peptides in brain development","authors":"F. Sieg","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2016.01.00025","url":null,"abstract":"During mammalian and especially human ontogenetic brain development, cues of chemoattractive and chemorepulsive character are interacting in a spatial-temporal manner to direct neuroblasts to the dedicated locations in the neocortex. Finally, neuroblasts differentiate to fulfil their respective function in the neural circuit. Most if not all of these important molecules, that direct neuronal migration, display activity profiles in the nanomolar range. In contrast, the novel gene family of Neural Regeneration Peptides (NRPs) has a neuronal survival and chemo attraction profile in the subpicomolar range which makes the NRPs interesting candidates to represent the main constituents for neuronal chemo attraction during ontogenesis as well as injury or disease states of the brain. This review is focusing on early gene expression of the mouse nrp gene within the cortex as well as on the potential for the drug candidate NRP2945 to provide breakthrough treatment options for chronic disease states of the brain in the future.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"GE-22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84614101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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