Pub Date : 2017-08-02DOI: 10.15406/jsrt.2017.03.00096
Minal Thacker, F. Lin
Osteoarthritis (OA) also known as degenerative joint disease or degenerative arthritis is the most common chronic condition of the joints. It mainly damages the articular cartilage which results in pain, swelling and stiffness around the joints. It is the leading cause of disability and pain. Current therapeutic strategies are expensive and they are capable of eradicating only the symptoms of OA instead of reversing the damage caused by it. The aim of this review is to introduce the latest stem cell advances as a novel and effective therapeutics for the treatment of OA. One of the most effective stem cell source is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow as well as from adipose tissues. Other cell sources which have the capability of becoming a novel treatment for OA such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs have also been highlighted in this review.
{"title":"Cell therapy for osteoarthritis","authors":"Minal Thacker, F. Lin","doi":"10.15406/jsrt.2017.03.00096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jsrt.2017.03.00096","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis (OA) also known as degenerative joint disease or degenerative arthritis is the most common chronic condition of the joints. It mainly damages the articular cartilage which results in pain, swelling and stiffness around the joints. It is the leading cause of disability and pain. Current therapeutic strategies are expensive and they are capable of eradicating only the symptoms of OA instead of reversing the damage caused by it. The aim of this review is to introduce the latest stem cell advances as a novel and effective therapeutics for the treatment of OA. One of the most effective stem cell source is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow as well as from adipose tissues. Other cell sources which have the capability of becoming a novel treatment for OA such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs have also been highlighted in this review.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79324380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-31DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00095
Anjum Mahmood, P. Hiteshree, Ya., Rajasekar Seetharaman, D. Patel, An, S. Srivastava
The heart failure is one of leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. More than 5 million patients are suffering from chronic heart failure post myocardial infarction caused due to ischemic heart disease [1]. The disease develops over a period of time due to loss of cardiomyocytes. The condition is further aggravated due to complications related to obesity, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and alcohol consumption. The currently available treatments regime include application of β-blockers, targeting of rennin-angiotension-aldosterone system using ACE (angiotensin converting enzymes) inhibitors, ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) and aldosterone antagonists [2]. In selected patients cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable defibrillators are also recommended [3]. Though, the treatment improves condition of patients symptomatically, no remarkable change in mortality or morbidity is observed. Heart transplant is not feasible option due to unavailability of donors and possible immune rejection. New interventions, based on stem cell driven regeneration appear to be promising in current scenario. The cardiac regeneration can bring endogenous repair through formation of new cardiomyocytes and improved vascularisation.
{"title":"Cardiovascular diseases: recent developments in regenerative medicine","authors":"Anjum Mahmood, P. Hiteshree, Ya., Rajasekar Seetharaman, D. Patel, An, S. Srivastava","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00095","url":null,"abstract":"The heart failure is one of leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. More than 5 million patients are suffering from chronic heart failure post myocardial infarction caused due to ischemic heart disease [1]. The disease develops over a period of time due to loss of cardiomyocytes. The condition is further aggravated due to complications related to obesity, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and alcohol consumption. The currently available treatments regime include application of β-blockers, targeting of rennin-angiotension-aldosterone system using ACE (angiotensin converting enzymes) inhibitors, ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) and aldosterone antagonists [2]. In selected patients cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable defibrillators are also recommended [3]. Though, the treatment improves condition of patients symptomatically, no remarkable change in mortality or morbidity is observed. Heart transplant is not feasible option due to unavailability of donors and possible immune rejection. New interventions, based on stem cell driven regeneration appear to be promising in current scenario. The cardiac regeneration can bring endogenous repair through formation of new cardiomyocytes and improved vascularisation.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78460017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-21DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00093
R. Kittappa, James Kehler, C. Barr
The central serotonergic system is comprised of tryptophan hydroxylase-expressing neurons located in the raphe nuclei of the brain stem. Rostral groups of raphe serotonin neurons project throughout the forebrain, while caudal groups innervate the brain stem and spinal cord [1]. The serotonergic system modulates mood [2], anxiety [3], aggression [4], reward systems [5], and impulsivity [6], and psychosis [7]. Many psychiatric diseases, such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and bulimia nervosa are currently treated by medications targeting the serotonergic system [8,9]. Abnormalities in the serotonergic system have also been implicated in diseases affecting early development such as sudden infant death syndrome [10] and autism [11]. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of serotonin neuron development may underlie behavioral changes. The activity of 5HT1A receptor during postnatal development has been shown to be important for normal anxiety behavior in adult mice [12]. The loss of Pet-1, a transcription factor important for the development of serotonin neurons in the embryo has been shown to cause increased anxiety and aggression in adult mice [13]. A more precise understanding of the development of the serotonergic system may be critical for understanding the relationship between early changes in serotonergic regulation and the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, autism, and sudden infant death syndrome.
{"title":"Regulation of the serotonin neuron fate in stem cells by foxa2 and shh","authors":"R. Kittappa, James Kehler, C. Barr","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00093","url":null,"abstract":"The central serotonergic system is comprised of tryptophan hydroxylase-expressing neurons located in the raphe nuclei of the brain stem. Rostral groups of raphe serotonin neurons project throughout the forebrain, while caudal groups innervate the brain stem and spinal cord [1]. The serotonergic system modulates mood [2], anxiety [3], aggression [4], reward systems [5], and impulsivity [6], and psychosis [7]. Many psychiatric diseases, such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and bulimia nervosa are currently treated by medications targeting the serotonergic system [8,9]. Abnormalities in the serotonergic system have also been implicated in diseases affecting early development such as sudden infant death syndrome [10] and autism [11]. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of serotonin neuron development may underlie behavioral changes. The activity of 5HT1A receptor during postnatal development has been shown to be important for normal anxiety behavior in adult mice [12]. The loss of Pet-1, a transcription factor important for the development of serotonin neurons in the embryo has been shown to cause increased anxiety and aggression in adult mice [13]. A more precise understanding of the development of the serotonergic system may be critical for understanding the relationship between early changes in serotonergic regulation and the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, autism, and sudden infant death syndrome.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87841439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-21DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00092
Mahesh Mg, Yashodhar Pb
The complex underlying mechanism for repair, proliferation, differentiation and remodeling after injury is a massive phenomenon in acute lung injury and their progression [1]. The recent progress in research shows the evidence that the stem cells may exhibit their trans-differentiation in organs including lung. The well established archetype of lung adult stem cells explored the knowledge about transient amplification of cell progeny [2]. Especially the lung is consisting of persistent tissue incorporated with infrequently proliferating epithelial, interstitial and endothelial cell populations [2]. There is a scarcity of classical stem cell hierarchy for these kinds of essential tissues [2]. It is known that some differentiated mature epithelial cells and denovo epithelial progenitors may also exhibit their role in repair mechanism [2]. The therapeutic target is the biggest problem to cure acute lung injury (ALI) at the molecular level, in this regards the researchers finding some important evidence to bring down the normal mechanism by treating with the stem cell therapeutics. This promising evidence may resemble their effective intervention against the progression of injury in the lung and promoting effect to develop as fibrosis. Our review explains about some important biomarkers role in lung injury and the effective stem cell therapies against the harmful biomarkers.
{"title":"Stem cells and lung injury","authors":"Mahesh Mg, Yashodhar Pb","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00092","url":null,"abstract":"The complex underlying mechanism for repair, proliferation, differentiation and remodeling after injury is a massive phenomenon in acute lung injury and their progression [1]. The recent progress in research shows the evidence that the stem cells may exhibit their trans-differentiation in organs including lung. The well established archetype of lung adult stem cells explored the knowledge about transient amplification of cell progeny [2]. Especially the lung is consisting of persistent tissue incorporated with infrequently proliferating epithelial, interstitial and endothelial cell populations [2]. There is a scarcity of classical stem cell hierarchy for these kinds of essential tissues [2]. It is known that some differentiated mature epithelial cells and denovo epithelial progenitors may also exhibit their role in repair mechanism [2]. The therapeutic target is the biggest problem to cure acute lung injury (ALI) at the molecular level, in this regards the researchers finding some important evidence to bring down the normal mechanism by treating with the stem cell therapeutics. This promising evidence may resemble their effective intervention against the progression of injury in the lung and promoting effect to develop as fibrosis. Our review explains about some important biomarkers role in lung injury and the effective stem cell therapies against the harmful biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79609146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-17DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00090
Dr. Amarendranath Choudhury, Neeraj Kumar, S. Kumar, eep, P. Deepak, Ey
Biotechnology deals with developing strategies using biological systems, living organisms or derivatives aimed to make or modify products or processes for specific use and address a broad range of issues in the fields of agriculture, industry, environment and medicine. Though the term ‘Biotechnology’ is not more than a century old until a Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky coined it in 1919, the concept of biotechnology had its first footstep right since the discovery of fermentation around 7000 BC.1 The subject has a bygone soul with a dynamic nature and promising outlook towards future. Biochemistry, cell biology, pharmacology, immunology, genomics, proteomics, structural biology etc. are relentlessly contributing into biotechnology. Cell-based approaches of biotechnology, particularly focussing on mammalian or human cells, came up in the late 20th century with the advent of procedures for artificial insemination and reproductive cloning.2 In this context, the isolation of inner cell mass from human blastocyst and their characterization as stem cells by the scientists of University of Wisconsin in 1998 set the cornerstone of stem-cell research.3 Table 1 summarizes the chronological progresses in stem cell-research. In this age of Biology, scientists throughout the globe are looking for alternative therapeutic measures using the inherent potential of the stem cells, holding great promise for the treatment of debilitating diseases. Stem cells of different origin and level of potency are being investigated for tissue regeneration, treatment of bone defect, drug testing, gene therapy and cell based therapy for muscle damage, spinal cord injury, cancer therapy etc.4 This review concentrates on types of stem cells and their multidisciplinary applications, mainly as a tool for biotechnological advances in modern therapeutics.
{"title":"Biotechnological potential of stem cells","authors":"Dr. Amarendranath Choudhury, Neeraj Kumar, S. Kumar, eep, P. Deepak, Ey","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00090","url":null,"abstract":"Biotechnology deals with developing strategies using biological systems, living organisms or derivatives aimed to make or modify products or processes for specific use and address a broad range of issues in the fields of agriculture, industry, environment and medicine. Though the term ‘Biotechnology’ is not more than a century old until a Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky coined it in 1919, the concept of biotechnology had its first footstep right since the discovery of fermentation around 7000 BC.1 The subject has a bygone soul with a dynamic nature and promising outlook towards future. Biochemistry, cell biology, pharmacology, immunology, genomics, proteomics, structural biology etc. are relentlessly contributing into biotechnology. Cell-based approaches of biotechnology, particularly focussing on mammalian or human cells, came up in the late 20th century with the advent of procedures for artificial insemination and reproductive cloning.2 In this context, the isolation of inner cell mass from human blastocyst and their characterization as stem cells by the scientists of University of Wisconsin in 1998 set the cornerstone of stem-cell research.3 Table 1 summarizes the chronological progresses in stem cell-research. In this age of Biology, scientists throughout the globe are looking for alternative therapeutic measures using the inherent potential of the stem cells, holding great promise for the treatment of debilitating diseases. Stem cells of different origin and level of potency are being investigated for tissue regeneration, treatment of bone defect, drug testing, gene therapy and cell based therapy for muscle damage, spinal cord injury, cancer therapy etc.4 This review concentrates on types of stem cells and their multidisciplinary applications, mainly as a tool for biotechnological advances in modern therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82784136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-17DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00091
Jinlin Jiang, Xuyang Song
Microvesicles (MVs) or microparticles are one type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) which can be produced by all types of cells under physiological or pathological conditions. The diameter of MVs ranges from 100 nm to 1000 nm. MVs are different from exosomes which are smaller (20 nm 100 nm) and originate from multivescular bodies [1]. MV biogenesis is always associated with cell growth, activation or apoptosis. The process involves direct budding of plasma membrane and a wide range of external signals can stimulate cells to produce MVs. The stimulator can be physical stress (such as, shear, hypoxia and oxidative stress), physiological agonists (such as, thrombin and TNFα) or non-physiological activators (such as, phorbol myristate acetate and calcium ionophore). MV generation process is complex and multiples mechanisms have been employed by cells, including caspase activation, lipid rafts, cytoskeletal reorganization and so on [2]. MVs are heterogeneous with respect to their surface marker expression, membrane phospholipid composition, and internal protein and RNA repertoires even when they are produced by the same parent cells but with different stimulations [2].
{"title":"The emerging role of cell-derived microvesicles in stem cell research and therapy.","authors":"Jinlin Jiang, Xuyang Song","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00091","url":null,"abstract":"Microvesicles (MVs) or microparticles are one type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) which can be produced by all types of cells under physiological or pathological conditions. The diameter of MVs ranges from 100 nm to 1000 nm. MVs are different from exosomes which are smaller (20 nm 100 nm) and originate from multivescular bodies [1]. MV biogenesis is always associated with cell growth, activation or apoptosis. The process involves direct budding of plasma membrane and a wide range of external signals can stimulate cells to produce MVs. The stimulator can be physical stress (such as, shear, hypoxia and oxidative stress), physiological agonists (such as, thrombin and TNFα) or non-physiological activators (such as, phorbol myristate acetate and calcium ionophore). MV generation process is complex and multiples mechanisms have been employed by cells, including caspase activation, lipid rafts, cytoskeletal reorganization and so on [2]. MVs are heterogeneous with respect to their surface marker expression, membrane phospholipid composition, and internal protein and RNA repertoires even when they are produced by the same parent cells but with different stimulations [2].","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76830634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-14DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.3.00089
G. Shyam, L. Quesada, Maria E. Lujan, Long Di
Firearm injury is a serious public health problem in the United States (US) costing more than $70-75 billion annually [1,2]. Despite increasing incidence, timely neurosurgical intervention aided with improved neuroimaging and advances in acute trauma management have lowered the firearm fatality rate {Joseph, 2014 #42;Lin, 2012 #164;Young, 2008 #56}. Thus, among the estimated 5.3 million people living in the US with traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related disability, the proportion of gun-shot wound survivors has been rising steadily [3-8]. Among head injuries, penetrating injuries (PTBI) are associated with the worst outcomes [9,10], and no effective restorative treatment beyond physical therapy is currently available to mitigate post-TBI disability [9-11]. There is an urgent need to explore additional treatment options to address long-term TBI related disabilities. Since the demonstration of ability to culture, expand human fetal neural stem in vitro, their genetic modification and engraftment in rodents post transplantation [12-15] multiple insights into how embryonic transplant derived neurons integrate into adult circuits (Gotz 2016) and technical advances studies have supported clinically relevant studies in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed animal [16,17]. Athymic rats with TBI (Haus 2016), or Parkinson disease (Snyder 2016) have been used with neural stem cells derived from induced human pluripotent stem cells to demonstrate the viability of the approach.
{"title":"Safety of neural stem cell therapy for traumatic brain injury","authors":"G. Shyam, L. Quesada, Maria E. Lujan, Long Di","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.3.00089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.3.00089","url":null,"abstract":"Firearm injury is a serious public health problem in the United States (US) costing more than $70-75 billion annually [1,2]. Despite increasing incidence, timely neurosurgical intervention aided with improved neuroimaging and advances in acute trauma management have lowered the firearm fatality rate {Joseph, 2014 #42;Lin, 2012 #164;Young, 2008 #56}. Thus, among the estimated 5.3 million people living in the US with traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related disability, the proportion of gun-shot wound survivors has been rising steadily [3-8]. Among head injuries, penetrating injuries (PTBI) are associated with the worst outcomes [9,10], and no effective restorative treatment beyond physical therapy is currently available to mitigate post-TBI disability [9-11]. There is an urgent need to explore additional treatment options to address long-term TBI related disabilities. Since the demonstration of ability to culture, expand human fetal neural stem in vitro, their genetic modification and engraftment in rodents post transplantation [12-15] multiple insights into how embryonic transplant derived neurons integrate into adult circuits (Gotz 2016) and technical advances studies have supported clinically relevant studies in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed animal [16,17]. Athymic rats with TBI (Haus 2016), or Parkinson disease (Snyder 2016) have been used with neural stem cells derived from induced human pluripotent stem cells to demonstrate the viability of the approach.","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"3 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78653954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-10DOI: 10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00088
S. Shams, M. Naseer, Hammad Hassan
Stem cells play an important role in biological research nowadays. It is a vast field holding a great potential in therapeutic approach. The purpose of the stem cell therapy is to treat injured tissues by preventing the dead cells.1 Stem cells are undifferentiated having the ability of self-renewal providing these cells in life throughout.2 Mesenchymal stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that reside in stromal part of bone marrow and hold a vast clinical application. They have the ability of self-renewal and can be differentiated into a variety of cells. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into cardiomyocytes, osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes.3 In cardiac regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells have the capability to distinguish towards cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo.4
{"title":"Combine effect of 5-azacytidine and tgf- β in differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards cardiomyocytes","authors":"S. Shams, M. Naseer, Hammad Hassan","doi":"10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JSRT.2017.03.00088","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cells play an important role in biological research nowadays. It is a vast field holding a great potential in therapeutic approach. The purpose of the stem cell therapy is to treat injured tissues by preventing the dead cells.1 Stem cells are undifferentiated having the ability of self-renewal providing these cells in life throughout.2 Mesenchymal stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that reside in stromal part of bone marrow and hold a vast clinical application. They have the ability of self-renewal and can be differentiated into a variety of cells. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into cardiomyocytes, osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes.3 In cardiac regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells have the capability to distinguish towards cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo.4","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84501139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-26DOI: 10.21767/2575-7725.100006
Arati Adhe-Rojekar, M. Rojekar
Stem cells (SCs) are the new weapon in this era against many diseases and disorders. To start with SCs only from bone marrow were in use. In that era stem cell therapy (SCT) was under development. Later it advanced and now a day’s variety of SCs is available for research and therapy. This includes mesenchymal, neural epidermal, embryonic, limbal, induced pleuripotent and many others [1]. Almost 6000 studies are registered with National Institute of Health, US with maximum are for leukemia and infections [2].
干细胞(SCs)是这个时代对抗许多疾病和失调的新武器。一开始只使用骨髓中的SCs。在那个时代，干细胞疗法(SCT)正在发展中。后来发展到现在，每天都有各种各样的干细胞可用于研究和治疗。这包括间充质细胞、神经表皮细胞、胚胎细胞、边缘细胞、诱导多能细胞和许多其他细胞[1]。美国国立卫生研究院(National Institute of Health)登记了近6000项研究，其中最多的是白血病和感染[2]。
{"title":"Stem Cells: Ray of Hope in Infertility","authors":"Arati Adhe-Rojekar, M. Rojekar","doi":"10.21767/2575-7725.100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2575-7725.100006","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cells (SCs) are the new weapon in this era against many diseases and disorders. To start with SCs only from bone marrow were in use. In that era stem cell therapy (SCT) was under development. Later it advanced and now a day’s variety of SCs is available for research and therapy. This includes mesenchymal, neural epidermal, embryonic, limbal, induced pleuripotent and many others [1]. Almost 6000 studies are registered with National Institute of Health, US with maximum are for leukemia and infections [2].","PeriodicalId":91560,"journal":{"name":"Journal of stem cell research & therapeutics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79902109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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