Milica Maksimovic, M. Jovanovic, B. Nikolić, Nina Tomić, D. Tenji, T. Stevic, D. Mitić-Ćulafić
Persicaria amphibia (subfam. Polygonoideae), an aquatic macrophyte rich in dietary polyphenolics, is used as a traditional remedy and culinary herb. Nevertheless, P. amphibia from the Balkan region has been insufficiently studied and underutilized. Here, the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties of the previously chemically characterised ethanol extract of P. amphibia aerial parts were tested. The following methods were carried out: the MTT assay, qRT-PCR, microdilution assay, Chromobacterium violaceum screening assay (monitoring of quorum sensing, QS) and the agar plating method (antifungal activity). The study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effects of P. amphibia against lung cancer cells (A549) and its combination with cytostatic doxorubicin (Dox). A dose-dependent decrease in cell viability (up to 82% reduction) and additive interactions of the tested agents were noted. Both alone and combined with Dox, P. amphibia reduced the expression of Nrf2 (p < 0.05). In terms of antimicrobial effects, P. amphibia exhibited an antipathogenic effect since it disrupted QS communication, which was evident through the inhibition of violacein production of C. violaceum CV025. The antifungal screening revealed that P. amphibia induced significant growth inhibition of Aspergillus spp. (28.23%). Based on the obtained results, further examination of the potential use of P. amphibia in modern phytotherapy and diet-derived cancer chemoprevention is encouraged.
{"title":"Persicaria amphibia, an old traditional remedy and wild edible herb: In vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties","authors":"Milica Maksimovic, M. Jovanovic, B. Nikolić, Nina Tomić, D. Tenji, T. Stevic, D. Mitić-Ćulafić","doi":"10.2298/botserb2301001m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2301001m","url":null,"abstract":"Persicaria amphibia (subfam. Polygonoideae), an aquatic macrophyte rich in dietary polyphenolics, is used as a traditional remedy and culinary herb. Nevertheless, P. amphibia from the Balkan region has been insufficiently studied and underutilized. Here, the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties of the previously chemically characterised ethanol extract of P. amphibia aerial parts were tested. The following methods were carried out: the MTT assay, qRT-PCR, microdilution assay, Chromobacterium violaceum screening assay (monitoring of quorum sensing, QS) and the agar plating method (antifungal activity). The study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effects of P. amphibia against lung cancer cells (A549) and its combination with cytostatic doxorubicin (Dox). A dose-dependent decrease in cell viability (up to 82% reduction) and additive interactions of the tested agents were noted. Both alone and combined with Dox, P. amphibia reduced the expression of Nrf2 (p < 0.05). In terms of antimicrobial effects, P. amphibia exhibited an antipathogenic effect since it disrupted QS communication, which was evident through the inhibition of violacein production of C. violaceum CV025. The antifungal screening revealed that P. amphibia induced significant growth inhibition of Aspergillus spp. (28.23%). Based on the obtained results, further examination of the potential use of P. amphibia in modern phytotherapy and diet-derived cancer chemoprevention is encouraged.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87596593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marko Sabovljevic, Gordana Tomovic, Hatıra Taşkın, Boris Assyov, Sinisa Skondric, Ranko Peric, Aneta Sabovljevic, Snezana Dragicevic, Aleksandra Markovic, Jelena Knezevic, Cimerman Lobnik, Simona Strgulc-Krajsek, Vladan Djordjevic, Svetlana Krdzic, Ivilin Ilchev, Dimitar Stoykov, Pablo Alvarado, Sanja Djurovic, Uros Buzurovic, Mihajlo Stankovic, Gordana Kasom, Beata Papp, Jovana Pantovic, Sorin Ştefănuţ, Miruna-Maria Ştefănuţ, Ivana Trbojevic, Roman Romanov0, David Schmidt, Marton Korda
This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: saprotrophic fungus Geastrum morganii, Guignardia istriaca and Hypoxylon howeanum, mycorrhizal fungus Amanita friabilis and Suillus americanus, xanthophyte Vaucheria frigida, stonewort Chara hispida, liverwort Calypogeia integristipula and Ricciocarpus natans, moss Campylopus introflexus, Dicranum transsylvanicum, Tortella pseudofragilis and Trematodon ambiguus, fern Ophioglossum vulgatum subsp. vulgatum, monocots Epipactis exilis, Epipactis purpurata and Epipogium aphyllum and dicots Callitriche cophocarpa, Cornus sanguinea subsp. hungarica and Viscum album subsp. austriacum are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions.
{"title":"New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 15","authors":"Marko Sabovljevic, Gordana Tomovic, Hatıra Taşkın, Boris Assyov, Sinisa Skondric, Ranko Peric, Aneta Sabovljevic, Snezana Dragicevic, Aleksandra Markovic, Jelena Knezevic, Cimerman Lobnik, Simona Strgulc-Krajsek, Vladan Djordjevic, Svetlana Krdzic, Ivilin Ilchev, Dimitar Stoykov, Pablo Alvarado, Sanja Djurovic, Uros Buzurovic, Mihajlo Stankovic, Gordana Kasom, Beata Papp, Jovana Pantovic, Sorin Ştefănuţ, Miruna-Maria Ştefănuţ, Ivana Trbojevic, Roman Romanov0, David Schmidt, Marton Korda","doi":"10.2298/botserb2302361s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2302361s","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: saprotrophic fungus Geastrum morganii, Guignardia istriaca and Hypoxylon howeanum, mycorrhizal fungus Amanita friabilis and Suillus americanus, xanthophyte Vaucheria frigida, stonewort Chara hispida, liverwort Calypogeia integristipula and Ricciocarpus natans, moss Campylopus introflexus, Dicranum transsylvanicum, Tortella pseudofragilis and Trematodon ambiguus, fern Ophioglossum vulgatum subsp. vulgatum, monocots Epipactis exilis, Epipactis purpurata and Epipogium aphyllum and dicots Callitriche cophocarpa, Cornus sanguinea subsp. hungarica and Viscum album subsp. austriacum are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The family Dermateaceae belongs to the Helotiales order, the class Leotiomycetes, and consists of 14 genera. In this study, we introduce the new genus Pseudoxenochalara gen. nov. to the Dermateaceae family, which is supported by morphological observations and multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Partial sequences of the loci encoding ?-tubulin (BenA), ribosomal polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), 28S rDNA (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer rDNA region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) were analysed. This genus comprises one new species, P. grumantiana, isolated from the soil of the Arctic tundra near the settlement of Barentsburg (the Svalbard archipelago). The asexual morph of P. grumantiana was described. The sequences data, as well as the macroand micromorphological characteristics distinguish P. grumantiana from all known species in the Dermateaceae family.
皮菌科属于皮菌纲，皮菌纲，共有14属。本研究通过形态学观察和多位点系统发育分析，将Pseudoxenochalara gen. nov引入皮科新属。分析了微管蛋白(BenA)、核糖体聚合酶II第二大亚基(RPB2)、28S rDNA (LSU)和内部转录间隔段rDNA区域(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)的部分序列。该属包括一个新种，P. grumantiana，从巴伦支堡(斯瓦尔巴群岛)定居点附近的北极苔原土壤中分离出来。描述了绿豆豆的无性形态。序列数据以及宏观和微观形态特征将P. grumantiana与所有已知的皮科物种区分开来。
{"title":"Pseudoxenochalara gen. nov. (Dermateaceae, Helotiales), with P. grumantiana sp. nov. from the Svalbard archipelago","authors":"V. Iliushin, I. Kirtsideli","doi":"10.2298/botserb2301055i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2301055i","url":null,"abstract":"The family Dermateaceae belongs to the Helotiales order, the class Leotiomycetes, and consists of 14 genera. In this study, we introduce the new genus Pseudoxenochalara gen. nov. to the Dermateaceae family, which is supported by morphological observations and multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Partial sequences of the loci encoding ?-tubulin (BenA), ribosomal polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), 28S rDNA (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer rDNA region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) were analysed. This genus comprises one new species, P. grumantiana, isolated from the soil of the Arctic tundra near the settlement of Barentsburg (the Svalbard archipelago). The asexual morph of P. grumantiana was described. The sequences data, as well as the macroand micromorphological characteristics distinguish P. grumantiana from all known species in the Dermateaceae family.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86959767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tijana Ilić, N. Kuzmanović, S. Vukojičić, D. Lakušić
Alpine scrubs (Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo) and dwarf heaths (Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinietea) are an exceptional assemblage of rich floristic units which contribute significantly to the overall diversity on the Balkan Peninsula. The main edificators of these types of habitats are mostly glacial relicts. Additionally, they are of the arctic, alpine, and boreal distribution types, which further emphasises their importance from the conservation point of view. We investigated their taxonomic richness, endemism, patterns of spatial distribution and diversification in the central Balkans as well as their coenotic composition using a comprehensive dataset (15,609 species occurrence data). The analyses were conducted at three hierarchical levels taking into account the ecological and geographic diversity of the alpine scrubs and dwarf heaths in the study area. The results obtained showed that in the alpine scrubs and dwarf heaths of the central Balkans 902 taxa (829 species and 73 subspecies) had been recorded, and that the proportion of endemics in these habitats is extremely high (ca. 22%). Our results further showed that in 180 randomly selected plots of medium size (? 10 and < 100 m2), the registered regional floristic richness for the unique sample size was 527 species, placing the alpine region of the Balkan Peninsula in second place among the richest alpine regions in the world. Moreover, significant regional differences in species composition were observed within the research area, with floristic richness and diversity increasing from north to south.
{"title":"The alpine scrubs and dwarf heaths of the Balkan Peninsula - an exceptional center of floristic richness and endemism","authors":"Tijana Ilić, N. Kuzmanović, S. Vukojičić, D. Lakušić","doi":"10.2298/botserb2301145i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2301145i","url":null,"abstract":"Alpine scrubs (Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo) and dwarf heaths (Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinietea) are an exceptional assemblage of rich floristic units which contribute significantly to the overall diversity on the Balkan Peninsula. The main edificators of these types of habitats are mostly glacial relicts. Additionally, they are of the arctic, alpine, and boreal distribution types, which further emphasises their importance from the conservation point of view. We investigated their taxonomic richness, endemism, patterns of spatial distribution and diversification in the central Balkans as well as their coenotic composition using a comprehensive dataset (15,609 species occurrence data). The analyses were conducted at three hierarchical levels taking into account the ecological and geographic diversity of the alpine scrubs and dwarf heaths in the study area. The results obtained showed that in the alpine scrubs and dwarf heaths of the central Balkans 902 taxa (829 species and 73 subspecies) had been recorded, and that the proportion of endemics in these habitats is extremely high (ca. 22%). Our results further showed that in 180 randomly selected plots of medium size (? 10 and < 100 m2), the registered regional floristic richness for the unique sample size was 527 species, placing the alpine region of the Balkan Peninsula in second place among the richest alpine regions in the world. Moreover, significant regional differences in species composition were observed within the research area, with floristic richness and diversity increasing from north to south.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91121389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors present descriptions and illustrations of Amanita coryli, rarely featured in the mycological literature, based on molecularly characterised by nrITS sequences specimens from the Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria and Turkey). The collections studied here suggest that the species is probably not restricted to the presumed host-trees of the genus Corylus and may also occur with some Fagaceae. Further, the analysis of previously released sequences in public databases show that it is a species with a wide distribution in Eurasia, probably much more common than currently known, but likely confused with other members of the section Vaginatae.
{"title":"A contribution to the knowledge of Amanita coryli (Amanitaceae, Agaricales)","authors":"F. Bozok, B. Assyov, M. Yarar, H. Taşkın","doi":"10.2298/botserb2301009b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2301009b","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present descriptions and illustrations of Amanita coryli, rarely featured in the mycological literature, based on molecularly characterised by nrITS sequences specimens from the Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria and Turkey). The collections studied here suggest that the species is probably not restricted to the presumed host-trees of the genus Corylus and may also occur with some Fagaceae. Further, the analysis of previously released sequences in public databases show that it is a species with a wide distribution in Eurasia, probably much more common than currently known, but likely confused with other members of the section Vaginatae.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82873638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metal pollution is a major environmental problem which affects agriculture and human health. Turkey has significant Cu mining areas in Diyarbak?r and its surrounding areas (Southeast Anatolia). Several crop plants cultivated in these areas are irrigated with water from the Tigris, and most agricultural lands are contaminated with Cu. Brassica nigra and B. juncea are well-known metal accumulator plant species which can hyperaccumulate metals, including copper, in their shoots. The purpose of this study is to evaluate their potential for the phytoremediation of Cu from these contaminated areas as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective means of reducing Cu-contamination. In this research, B. nigra and B. juncea plants were grown in soil at different Cu concentrations (0 to 1000 ?M) and showed no toxicity symptoms while accumulating a significant amount of metal in their leaves. In the leaves of both species, the Cu content increased significantly with the increase in the Cu level in the media. HMA1 (Heavy Metal ATPase 1) in the leaves of both plant species gradually increased with increased Cu levels until 50 ?M, then its expression slowly decreased with the further increase in Cu levels. The expression of HMA3 also increased with an increase in Cu in the leaves of both plant species. However, its expression pattern differed from that of HMA1. Our data showed that an increase in Cu levels in the leaves triggers the expression of both genes, suggesting that they play an active role in Cu detoxification. We propose that these plant species could be used for the decontamination of Cu from polluted soils. These data also indicate that Cu accumulation and tolerance in both plant species is probably a multi-genetic response, possibly involving several other transporter genes in the stress signal pathway. Hence, we also explored the expression of the other metal transporters, such as other HMAs (HMAs 5-8), Nramps (e.g., Nramp3), COPT proteins, and some Cu chaperons in these plant species.
{"title":"Expression of heavy metal ATPases (HMA1 and HMA3) in Brassica nigra and B. juncea grown at different Cu levels","authors":"Nuriye Meraklı, Abdulrezzak Memon","doi":"10.2298/botserb2302309m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2302309m","url":null,"abstract":"Metal pollution is a major environmental problem which affects agriculture and human health. Turkey has significant Cu mining areas in Diyarbak?r and its surrounding areas (Southeast Anatolia). Several crop plants cultivated in these areas are irrigated with water from the Tigris, and most agricultural lands are contaminated with Cu. Brassica nigra and B. juncea are well-known metal accumulator plant species which can hyperaccumulate metals, including copper, in their shoots. The purpose of this study is to evaluate their potential for the phytoremediation of Cu from these contaminated areas as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective means of reducing Cu-contamination. In this research, B. nigra and B. juncea plants were grown in soil at different Cu concentrations (0 to 1000 ?M) and showed no toxicity symptoms while accumulating a significant amount of metal in their leaves. In the leaves of both species, the Cu content increased significantly with the increase in the Cu level in the media. HMA1 (Heavy Metal ATPase 1) in the leaves of both plant species gradually increased with increased Cu levels until 50 ?M, then its expression slowly decreased with the further increase in Cu levels. The expression of HMA3 also increased with an increase in Cu in the leaves of both plant species. However, its expression pattern differed from that of HMA1. Our data showed that an increase in Cu levels in the leaves triggers the expression of both genes, suggesting that they play an active role in Cu detoxification. We propose that these plant species could be used for the decontamination of Cu from polluted soils. These data also indicate that Cu accumulation and tolerance in both plant species is probably a multi-genetic response, possibly involving several other transporter genes in the stress signal pathway. Hence, we also explored the expression of the other metal transporters, such as other HMAs (HMAs 5-8), Nramps (e.g., Nramp3), COPT proteins, and some Cu chaperons in these plant species.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lichens are supra-organismal symbiotic systems found in most environments. Environmental factors, such as temperature, altitude, precipitation, UV irradiation, or pathogens, significantly influence the physiology of lichens, and thus their secondary metabolism. The thalli of the same lichen species from different environments exhibit variation in the production of secondary metabolites and protective pigments. We selected two populations of the lichen Cetraria islandica from habitats differing in altitude, temperature, and precipitation. Then we compared their antioxidative and antibacterial activity. The lichen thalli were divided into two parts: the upper parts were exposed to light and the lower parts hidden from extensive radiation. The results show that the thalli from harsh alpine environments have higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity suggesting better tolerance to oxidative stress. On the other hand, the individuals from milder montane environments generally produce more secondary metabolites, leading to increased antibacterial activity of the extracts. The extracts of C. islandica containing fumarprotocetraric and paraconic acids exhibit inhibitory effects against gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus) and some lower activity against gram-negative bacteria (e.g. Escherichia coli).
{"title":"An insight into the variation of the antioxidative and antibacterial activity of extracts from populations of the subalpine and montane lichen Cetraria islandica","authors":"Margaréta Marcincinová, Viktória Tuptová, Ľudmila Tkáciková, Blazena Drábová, Nora Haring, Martin Backor","doi":"10.2298/botserb2302291m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2302291m","url":null,"abstract":"Lichens are supra-organismal symbiotic systems found in most environments. Environmental factors, such as temperature, altitude, precipitation, UV irradiation, or pathogens, significantly influence the physiology of lichens, and thus their secondary metabolism. The thalli of the same lichen species from different environments exhibit variation in the production of secondary metabolites and protective pigments. We selected two populations of the lichen Cetraria islandica from habitats differing in altitude, temperature, and precipitation. Then we compared their antioxidative and antibacterial activity. The lichen thalli were divided into two parts: the upper parts were exposed to light and the lower parts hidden from extensive radiation. The results show that the thalli from harsh alpine environments have higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity suggesting better tolerance to oxidative stress. On the other hand, the individuals from milder montane environments generally produce more secondary metabolites, leading to increased antibacterial activity of the extracts. The extracts of C. islandica containing fumarprotocetraric and paraconic acids exhibit inhibitory effects against gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus) and some lower activity against gram-negative bacteria (e.g. Escherichia coli).","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Slobodan Stefanovic, J. Dragisic-Maksimovic, V. Maksimović, D. Bartolić, D. Djikanović, Jasna Simonovic-Radosavljevic, D. Mutavdžić, K. Radotić, Ž. Marjanović
In nature, woody substrates are usually degraded by entire communities of microorganisms, which are nowadays jeopardised by anthropogenic influence, making it important to define the functional specificity of every species. Two strains of autochthonous fungi from Serbian lowland forests (Pleurotus ostreatus Ser1 and Cyclocybe aegerita Ser1) have been investigated for their ability to degrade lignin substrates [oak sawdust, oak isolated cell walls, and synthetic dehydrogenative polymer (DHP)]. Measuring the activities of the enzymes involved in lignin degradation was coupled with detecting the HPLC profile of the phenolics in the fungal growth media, and the lignin loss. While Pleurotus ostreatus Ser1 appeared highly effective within a very short time span, Cyclocybe aegerita Ser1 failed to degrade lignin. This situation was supported by very high enzyme activities and the low presence of phenolics in the media of Pleurotus ostreatus Ser1, compared to very low enzyme activity and the high presence of phenolics in the media with Cyclocybe aegerita Ser1.
{"title":"Functional differentiation of two autochthonous cohabiting strains of Pleurotus ostreatus and Cyclocybe aegerita from Serbia in lignin compound degradation","authors":"Slobodan Stefanovic, J. Dragisic-Maksimovic, V. Maksimović, D. Bartolić, D. Djikanović, Jasna Simonovic-Radosavljevic, D. Mutavdžić, K. Radotić, Ž. Marjanović","doi":"10.2298/botserb2301135s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2301135s","url":null,"abstract":"In nature, woody substrates are usually degraded by entire communities of microorganisms, which are nowadays jeopardised by anthropogenic influence, making it important to define the functional specificity of every species. Two strains of autochthonous fungi from Serbian lowland forests (Pleurotus ostreatus Ser1 and Cyclocybe aegerita Ser1) have been investigated for their ability to degrade lignin substrates [oak sawdust, oak isolated cell walls, and synthetic dehydrogenative polymer (DHP)]. Measuring the activities of the enzymes involved in lignin degradation was coupled with detecting the HPLC profile of the phenolics in the fungal growth media, and the lignin loss. While Pleurotus ostreatus Ser1 appeared highly effective within a very short time span, Cyclocybe aegerita Ser1 failed to degrade lignin. This situation was supported by very high enzyme activities and the low presence of phenolics in the media of Pleurotus ostreatus Ser1, compared to very low enzyme activity and the high presence of phenolics in the media with Cyclocybe aegerita Ser1.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87947804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigated the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of the leaves of Satureja montana and their influence on the membrane stability of erythrocytes ex vivo. The ethanol extracts showed a very potent antioxidant activity of EC50 = 0.055mg/ml. Rat blood samples were treated with 96% ethanol extracts in different concentrations of 100 ?g/ml, 200 ?g/ml, and 300 ?g/ml, and morphological analyses were carried out. The results showed significant differences in the shape of the erythrocytes incubated with higher extract concentrations. Considerable morphological changes were observed at a concentration of 200 ?g/ml which was characterised by the highest percentage of stomatocytes, while the highest percentage of echinocyte formation was observed at a concentration of 300 ?g/ml. The results of this investigation indicated that the ethanol extracts of S. montana exhibited a possible protective effect on the membrane stability of erythrocytes.
{"title":"The effect of the Satureja montana ethanol extract on the morphological changes of erythrocytes","authors":"M. Marin, S. Branković","doi":"10.2298/botserb2301087m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2301087m","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of the leaves of Satureja montana and their influence on the membrane stability of erythrocytes ex vivo. The ethanol extracts showed a very potent antioxidant activity of EC50 = 0.055mg/ml. Rat blood samples were treated with 96% ethanol extracts in different concentrations of 100 ?g/ml, 200 ?g/ml, and 300 ?g/ml, and morphological analyses were carried out. The results showed significant differences in the shape of the erythrocytes incubated with higher extract concentrations. Considerable morphological changes were observed at a concentration of 200 ?g/ml which was characterised by the highest percentage of stomatocytes, while the highest percentage of echinocyte formation was observed at a concentration of 300 ?g/ml. The results of this investigation indicated that the ethanol extracts of S. montana exhibited a possible protective effect on the membrane stability of erythrocytes.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86049061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The proteome analysis of winter crops during cold acclimation and overwintering can provide important information for designing breeding processes. The current experiment was carried out to investigate the proteome changes in frost-tolerant winter wheat (cv. Norstar) during different cold acclimation (CA) periods under field conditions in a cold and high-altitude region by two-dimensional gel-based proteomic techniques. The results showed that frost tolerance significantly increased by CA and the lethal freezing temperatures (LT50) 10, 14, and 18 weeks after seed sowing were -28?C, -22?C, and -10?C, respectively. By the beginning of the reproductive stage (double ridge stage), the LT50 values had decreased significantly. Around 1000 protein spots were distinguished by Coomassie staining on the gels. The changes in the proteins during the CA often occurred in those with a functional role in photosynthesis, energy production (glycolysis), transcription, chaperone-like activities, membrane and cytoskeleton reorganisation, transport, redox adjustments, and signalling. The results revealed that changes in chloroplast proteins, certain transcription factors such as MADS-box transcription factor 26, and antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase) show a similar trend to freezing tolerance, and their expression decreases with the onset of reproductive growth and the loss of freezing tolerance. During the acclimation period, most of the changes were focused on defence systems and cytoskeleton rearrangement, while, photosynthesis, and energy production became the main priority at the beginning of reproductive growth.
{"title":"Proteome response of winter-hardy wheat to cold acclimation","authors":"Mohsen Janmohammadi, Naser Sabaghnia","doi":"10.2298/botserb2302317j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/botserb2302317j","url":null,"abstract":"The proteome analysis of winter crops during cold acclimation and overwintering can provide important information for designing breeding processes. The current experiment was carried out to investigate the proteome changes in frost-tolerant winter wheat (cv. Norstar) during different cold acclimation (CA) periods under field conditions in a cold and high-altitude region by two-dimensional gel-based proteomic techniques. The results showed that frost tolerance significantly increased by CA and the lethal freezing temperatures (LT50) 10, 14, and 18 weeks after seed sowing were -28?C, -22?C, and -10?C, respectively. By the beginning of the reproductive stage (double ridge stage), the LT50 values had decreased significantly. Around 1000 protein spots were distinguished by Coomassie staining on the gels. The changes in the proteins during the CA often occurred in those with a functional role in photosynthesis, energy production (glycolysis), transcription, chaperone-like activities, membrane and cytoskeleton reorganisation, transport, redox adjustments, and signalling. The results revealed that changes in chloroplast proteins, certain transcription factors such as MADS-box transcription factor 26, and antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase) show a similar trend to freezing tolerance, and their expression decreases with the onset of reproductive growth and the loss of freezing tolerance. During the acclimation period, most of the changes were focused on defence systems and cytoskeleton rearrangement, while, photosynthesis, and energy production became the main priority at the beginning of reproductive growth.","PeriodicalId":9161,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Serbica","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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