Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.019
Sameer P. A, Priya Ranganath
: Anorectal malformations are one of the common congenital anomalies with an incidence of 1-3000 to 5000. Up to 70% of the patients have associated anomalies. Urogenital anomalies are the most common associated anomalies. : This study was done to determine the type and frequency of urogenital anomalies associated with different variants of ARMs according to the Krickenbeck classification.: 150 patients were included in the study. A full physical examination of the child was conducted followed by an infantogram, echocardiogram, spinal ultrasound scan, and KUB ultrasound was done to investigate different associated anomalies. MRI was done if further clarity was needed. The patients were classified according to the Krickenbeck classification.: ARM with perineal fistula was the common type of ARM. 73% had associated anomalies, and 32% of patients had urogenital (UG) anomalies. 70.8% of patients had urinary anomalies. 52.1% of patients had genital anomalies. The most common type of urinary anomaly found in the present study was hydroureteronephrosis (HUN) (41.2%). 32.4% of the patients with urinary anomalies had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Renal agenesis was found in 32.4%, neurogenic bladder 5.9%, hydronephrotic kidney 5.9%, ectopic ureter 5.9%, cross fused ectopic kidney 5.9%.: Urogenital anomalies associated with different subtypes of anorectal malformation vary drastically from patient to patient. The knowledge of these associated anomalies will help the surgeons in planning the course of treatment which can determine the prognosis and quality of life of the patients.
:肛门直肠畸形是常见的先天性畸形之一，发病率在 1-3000 到 5000 之间。高达 70% 的患者伴有肛门畸形。泌尿生殖系统畸形是最常见的伴发畸形。 本研究的目的是根据克里肯贝克分类法，确定泌尿生殖系统畸形的类型和频率，以及与 ARM 不同变异相关的泌尿生殖系统畸形：研究共纳入 150 名患者。对患儿进行全面体检，然后进行婴儿造影、超声心动图、脊柱超声扫描和 KUB 超声波扫描，以检查不同的相关畸形。如果需要进一步明确，还需进行核磁共振成像检查。根据克里肯贝克分类法对患者进行分类：伴有会阴瘘的 ARM 是常见的 ARM 类型。73%的患者伴有畸形，32%的患者伴有泌尿生殖系统（UG）畸形。70.8%的患者有泌尿系统异常。52.1%的患者有生殖器异常。本研究中最常见的泌尿系统异常类型是输尿管肾积水（HUN）（41.2%）。32.4%的泌尿系统异常患者患有膀胱输尿管反流（VUR）。32.4%的患者有肾脏发育不全，5.9%的患者有神经源性膀胱，5.9%的患者有肾积水，5.9%的患者有异位输尿管，5.9%的患者有交叉融合的异位肾：与不同亚型肛门直肠畸形相关的泌尿生殖系统异常因人而异。了解这些相关畸形有助于外科医生规划治疗方案，从而决定患者的预后和生活质量。
{"title":"Urogenital anomalies associated with anorectal malformations","authors":"Sameer P. A, Priya Ranganath","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.019","url":null,"abstract":": Anorectal malformations are one of the common congenital anomalies with an incidence of 1-3000 to 5000. Up to 70% of the patients have associated anomalies. Urogenital anomalies are the most common associated anomalies. : This study was done to determine the type and frequency of urogenital anomalies associated with different variants of ARMs according to the Krickenbeck classification.: 150 patients were included in the study. A full physical examination of the child was conducted followed by an infantogram, echocardiogram, spinal ultrasound scan, and KUB ultrasound was done to investigate different associated anomalies. MRI was done if further clarity was needed. The patients were classified according to the Krickenbeck classification.: ARM with perineal fistula was the common type of ARM. 73% had associated anomalies, and 32% of patients had urogenital (UG) anomalies. 70.8% of patients had urinary anomalies. 52.1% of patients had genital anomalies. The most common type of urinary anomaly found in the present study was hydroureteronephrosis (HUN) (41.2%). 32.4% of the patients with urinary anomalies had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Renal agenesis was found in 32.4%, neurogenic bladder 5.9%, hydronephrotic kidney 5.9%, ectopic ureter 5.9%, cross fused ectopic kidney 5.9%.: Urogenital anomalies associated with different subtypes of anorectal malformation vary drastically from patient to patient. The knowledge of these associated anomalies will help the surgeons in planning the course of treatment which can determine the prognosis and quality of life of the patients.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.011
Shivani Galani, Sunil Kumar, Mayuri Malivad, Suresh P Rathod
Two soft, spongy lungs are located in the chest cavity on either side of the mediastinum. Tripartitions are typically observed in the right lung with oblique and horizontal fissures, and bipartitions are observed in the left lung with a single oblique fissure. Expansion of the lungs during breathing is largely helped by fissures. During undergraduate cadaveric chest dissection, we discovered and examined the right lung with a single fissure. In this case, the right lung has transitioned from trilobular to bilobular, with a single oblique fissure separating the upper and lower lobes. The left lung had a normal shape with one oblique fissure and two lobes. Lung fissures and lobar patterns are often altered due to developmental changes during the fetal period. Clinicians should be aware of these anatomical differences in the lung fissures before performing lung surgery to prevent subsequent complications.
{"title":"A case of single fissured right lung","authors":"Shivani Galani, Sunil Kumar, Mayuri Malivad, Suresh P Rathod","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.011","url":null,"abstract":"Two soft, spongy lungs are located in the chest cavity on either side of the mediastinum. Tripartitions are typically observed in the right lung with oblique and horizontal fissures, and bipartitions are observed in the left lung with a single oblique fissure. Expansion of the lungs during breathing is largely helped by fissures. During undergraduate cadaveric chest dissection, we discovered and examined the right lung with a single fissure. In this case, the right lung has transitioned from trilobular to bilobular, with a single oblique fissure separating the upper and lower lobes. The left lung had a normal shape with one oblique fissure and two lobes. Lung fissures and lobar patterns are often altered due to developmental changes during the fetal period. Clinicians should be aware of these anatomical differences in the lung fissures before performing lung surgery to prevent subsequent complications.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140976075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The glycemic control of diabetes patients is influenced by a variety of risk factors, some of which are adjustable and others of which are not. Diabetes and sleep quality are most frequently correlated in both directions. To evaluate the quality of sleep and pinpoint the risk factors for inadequate glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. : This cross-sectional study included seventy consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale was used to evaluate the quality of sleep. Siemens- ID 29984, dimension RxL Max, Architect plus ABBOT (ci 4100), completely automatic seven-part cell-counter by Horiba Pentra Dx and Siemens ADVIA Centaur XPT (Immonoassay system) were utilized for the biochemical tests.: Of the 70 participants in the study, 22 patients [31.4%] reported having good sleep quality, while 15 patients [21.4%] had average sleep quality and 33 patients [47.1%] had poor sleep quality. Patients with managed and uncontrolled blood sugar showed varying degrees of sleep quality; 48.4% and 17.9% showed good sleep quality, 29% and 15.4% showed moderate sleep quality, and 22.6% and 66.7% showed poor sleep quality. A statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was seen in the sleep quality of the two groups. : In summary, the results of our study suggested that diabetics with poor sleep quality are more likely to have poor glycemic control. A significant modifiable risk factor for improved glycemic management in diabetic patients is sleep quality.
{"title":"Influence of sleep quality and other associated factors on glycemic control among diabetic patients: A hospital-based study","authors":"Yusra Amin, Sonia Mushtaq, Rukhsana Taj, Umara Giyas, Sunil Sachadev","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"The glycemic control of diabetes patients is influenced by a variety of risk factors, some of which are adjustable and others of which are not. Diabetes and sleep quality are most frequently correlated in both directions. To evaluate the quality of sleep and pinpoint the risk factors for inadequate glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. : This cross-sectional study included seventy consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale was used to evaluate the quality of sleep. Siemens- ID 29984, dimension RxL Max, Architect plus ABBOT (ci 4100), completely automatic seven-part cell-counter by Horiba Pentra Dx and Siemens ADVIA Centaur XPT (Immonoassay system) were utilized for the biochemical tests.: Of the 70 participants in the study, 22 patients [31.4%] reported having good sleep quality, while 15 patients [21.4%] had average sleep quality and 33 patients [47.1%] had poor sleep quality. Patients with managed and uncontrolled blood sugar showed varying degrees of sleep quality; 48.4% and 17.9% showed good sleep quality, 29% and 15.4% showed moderate sleep quality, and 22.6% and 66.7% showed poor sleep quality. A statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was seen in the sleep quality of the two groups. : In summary, the results of our study suggested that diabetics with poor sleep quality are more likely to have poor glycemic control. A significant modifiable risk factor for improved glycemic management in diabetic patients is sleep quality.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"134 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.004
Divia Paul Aricatt, Diwan Mahmood Khan, Varsha Saxena, Abdul Ghaffar, Dane Chandy
: Cadaveric dissection cannot be compensated by virtue table concepts or computerized learning aids. The present study was aimed to evaluate the conceptual differences and perceptional clarity about willingness of body donation relevant to regional practice among four inter-state population of India. The study objectives focused to assess the understanding level about general and special concepts and attitudes about body donation in Southern, Eastern, Central as well Northern parts of India and to compare differences about the concepts of understanding and willingness about body donation between four inter-state populations.A cross-sectional single center study with a differential rating scale questionnaire was conducted. Four hundred participants equally divided among four medical colleges of Southern, Eastern, Central and Northern India were the samples. All ethical principles for human research were followed. Completing a special course of ethical training and non-willingness to participate in the study were regarded as the criteria of a subject to get excluded from the study.The given questionnaire was completed by various participants from different zones: eastern, western, central and southern. We found significant difference in the educational level of the participants across various zones. Unsurprisingly, most likely due to the literacy rate, participants from the south are much more familiar with ‘body donation’ for research and education compared to participants from other three zones. Provisions to improve the body donation should concentrate on multi-directional tasks.
{"title":"Conceptual differences about willingness of body donation among southern, eastern, central and northern population of India: Single centered approach","authors":"Divia Paul Aricatt, Diwan Mahmood Khan, Varsha Saxena, Abdul Ghaffar, Dane Chandy","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.004","url":null,"abstract":": Cadaveric dissection cannot be compensated by virtue table concepts or computerized learning aids. The present study was aimed to evaluate the conceptual differences and perceptional clarity about willingness of body donation relevant to regional practice among four inter-state population of India. The study objectives focused to assess the understanding level about general and special concepts and attitudes about body donation in Southern, Eastern, Central as well Northern parts of India and to compare differences about the concepts of understanding and willingness about body donation between four inter-state populations.A cross-sectional single center study with a differential rating scale questionnaire was conducted. Four hundred participants equally divided among four medical colleges of Southern, Eastern, Central and Northern India were the samples. All ethical principles for human research were followed. Completing a special course of ethical training and non-willingness to participate in the study were regarded as the criteria of a subject to get excluded from the study.The given questionnaire was completed by various participants from different zones: eastern, western, central and southern. We found significant difference in the educational level of the participants across various zones. Unsurprisingly, most likely due to the literacy rate, participants from the south are much more familiar with ‘body donation’ for research and education compared to participants from other three zones. Provisions to improve the body donation should concentrate on multi-directional tasks.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.009
T. Prabhakar, Vinodkumar Gurram
: The long axes of the ulna and humerus form an acute angle when the upper limb is in its anatomical position and the elbow is fully extended is known as the carrying angle. It is typically larger in females than in males Anthropologists use the carrying angle to predict a person's sex; orthopaedic surgeons use it to surgically treat a variety of elbow disorders; and total elbow prosthetics. The study aimed to assess the carrying angle in an attempt to determine its value in both sexes, proposing a simple and reliable method for measuring it.The elbow radiographs taken in the normal anteroposterior and lateral views were assessed independently and uniformly by anatomists. A total of 70 adult radiographs between the ages of 18 to 76 years, 35 males and 35 females were gathered. To measure the angle, two lines were drawn: one along the mid-axis of the upper limb of the forearm, passing between the radius and ulna through the superior radioulnar joint, and the other along the mid-axis of the lower third of the humerus, where the angle is measured.The carrying angle is statistically more significant in females than in males among 70 radiographs. The p-value was 0.000 and the mean and SD for males were 14.3±2.740, while the mean and SD for females were 21.92±3.170.The current study concludes that there is a significant gender difference between females and males; carrying angle influences secondary sexual characteristics.
{"title":"Radiological study of carrying angle among male and female and its clinical importance","authors":"T. Prabhakar, Vinodkumar Gurram","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.009","url":null,"abstract":": The long axes of the ulna and humerus form an acute angle when the upper limb is in its anatomical position and the elbow is fully extended is known as the carrying angle. It is typically larger in females than in males Anthropologists use the carrying angle to predict a person's sex; orthopaedic surgeons use it to surgically treat a variety of elbow disorders; and total elbow prosthetics. The study aimed to assess the carrying angle in an attempt to determine its value in both sexes, proposing a simple and reliable method for measuring it.The elbow radiographs taken in the normal anteroposterior and lateral views were assessed independently and uniformly by anatomists. A total of 70 adult radiographs between the ages of 18 to 76 years, 35 males and 35 females were gathered. To measure the angle, two lines were drawn: one along the mid-axis of the upper limb of the forearm, passing between the radius and ulna through the superior radioulnar joint, and the other along the mid-axis of the lower third of the humerus, where the angle is measured.The carrying angle is statistically more significant in females than in males among 70 radiographs. The p-value was 0.000 and the mean and SD for males were 14.3±2.740, while the mean and SD for females were 21.92±3.170.The current study concludes that there is a significant gender difference between females and males; carrying angle influences secondary sexual characteristics.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Lungs, are partitioned into distinct lobes by fissures. These anatomical fissures play a crucial role in ensuring the consistent expansion of each lobe during the process of respiration. The left lung, comprises of two main lobes: the upper lobe and the lower lobe, delineated by an oblique fissure. We present a case of an incomplete oblique fissure, accompanied by the absence of both the lingula and the cardiac notch in the left lung of a male cadaver. This anatomical variation was discovered during a routine thoracic dissection. No structural alterations were noted at the hilum of the left lung. The Fissures and hilum on the right lung were normal. Understanding morphological variations in fissures and lobes is useful when identifying lung lesions, planning invasive respiratory operations, and analyzing diagnostic imaging. It emphasizes the practical consequences of anatomical variation in the context of respiratory operations and imaging interpretations, highlighting the importance of incorporating it into medical teaching and practice.
{"title":"Incomplete oblique fissure with absence of lingula, cardiac notch in left lung: A case report","authors":"Schwetha Cheryl Dsouza, Sabita Nayak, Nazmeen Silotry","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.010","url":null,"abstract":": Lungs, are partitioned into distinct lobes by fissures. These anatomical fissures play a crucial role in ensuring the consistent expansion of each lobe during the process of respiration. The left lung, comprises of two main lobes: the upper lobe and the lower lobe, delineated by an oblique fissure. We present a case of an incomplete oblique fissure, accompanied by the absence of both the lingula and the cardiac notch in the left lung of a male cadaver. This anatomical variation was discovered during a routine thoracic dissection. No structural alterations were noted at the hilum of the left lung. The Fissures and hilum on the right lung were normal. Understanding morphological variations in fissures and lobes is useful when identifying lung lesions, planning invasive respiratory operations, and analyzing diagnostic imaging. It emphasizes the practical consequences of anatomical variation in the context of respiratory operations and imaging interpretations, highlighting the importance of incorporating it into medical teaching and practice.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140976464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.013
Sven Schumann
{"title":"“Anatomy is not a harlot of medicine”- Joseph Hyrtl","authors":"Sven Schumann","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.001
Anu Sharma, Ajay Kumar, Ashani Kumar, Deepakshi Goyal, Aneesh Sharma
{"title":"Digital content on YouTube channels: A boon or bane to teaching and learning in medical education","authors":"Anu Sharma, Ajay Kumar, Ashani Kumar, Deepakshi Goyal, Aneesh Sharma","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.005
Jaikumar B Contractor, Bhavika Umraniya, Praveen Singh
Geometric understanding of the proximal end of femur is significant for functional bipedal erect posture and in pre-operative planning of osteotomy as well as the design and development of implants for THA. Moreover, the anthropological parameters of any bone are determined by genetic and environmental factors such as age, race, gender and lifestyle and this leads to racial variations in the morphological parameters of proximal end of femur owing to lifestyle, physique, applied force and their distribution in India population.The current study was designed to study and compare the morphology of proximal end of femur in Indian population and was conducted on 94 dry human cadaveric bones of unknown age and sex to determine the morphology of the proximal end of femur. We observed the Femur Length as 426.6 ± 15.82 mm, Femur Neck Length as 3.455 ± 0.378 mm and Neck Shaft Angle as 125.27 ± 2.54° amongst other parameters.The findings also revealed significant variations in the morphological parameters among different populations, emphasizing the importance of considering racial diversity in the design and selection of implants for THA for improving the success and longevity of hip arthroplasty procedures.
{"title":"Morphometric analysis of proximal femur in Indian population and its implications in Total Hip Arthroplasty","authors":"Jaikumar B Contractor, Bhavika Umraniya, Praveen Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.005","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric understanding of the proximal end of femur is significant for functional bipedal erect posture and in pre-operative planning of osteotomy as well as the design and development of implants for THA. Moreover, the anthropological parameters of any bone are determined by genetic and environmental factors such as age, race, gender and lifestyle and this leads to racial variations in the morphological parameters of proximal end of femur owing to lifestyle, physique, applied force and their distribution in India population.The current study was designed to study and compare the morphology of proximal end of femur in Indian population and was conducted on 94 dry human cadaveric bones of unknown age and sex to determine the morphology of the proximal end of femur. We observed the Femur Length as 426.6 ± 15.82 mm, Femur Neck Length as 3.455 ± 0.378 mm and Neck Shaft Angle as 125.27 ± 2.54° amongst other parameters.The findings also revealed significant variations in the morphological parameters among different populations, emphasizing the importance of considering racial diversity in the design and selection of implants for THA for improving the success and longevity of hip arthroplasty procedures.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":"55 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.007
M. R. Sangam, Bitopan Kalita, Krishnan Srinivasan
Learning style refers to the preference of the students for receiving and processing the information. In the present CBME curriculum, as the learning is more student-centric, understanding the learning style preferences of the students allows higher educational efficiency. Learning styles can be assessed by different models. Among them, the VARK model is more concise, simple, appropriate, and reliable. VARK categorizes learning by sensory preferences – Visual, Auditory, Read/Write, and Kinesthetic. To identify the mode of learning and learning style preferences among first-year MBBS students using the VARK questionnaire and to determine the relationship between learning style preferences and gender. This cross-sectional study was carried out among first-year MBBS students at AIIMS, Guwahati for 6 months after obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Consenting students were administered with a Google form of VARK questionnaire version 7.8. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the student’s preference for various VARK components. The chi-square test was used to compare four VARK learning styles between male and female students. 97 students (75 males and 22 females) studying first-year MBBS participated in the study. Most of the students were tetra-modal learners (38.14%) showing a preference for all four sensory modalities. 31 students (31.95%) showed an unimodal mode of learning. This is followed by trimodal (17.52%) and bimodal (12.37%) learners showing a preference for three and two sensory modalities respectively. The most preferred learning style was kinesthetic (mean score was 10±3.58) and the least was read/write (mean score was 4.79±3.48).Knowledge of the learning style may allow the students to improve their academic performance. It helps the instructors to modify and adopt appropriate teaching methods addressing different learning styles for achieving higher educational efficiency.
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