Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.024
Divya Singh, P. Sharma, S. Jaiswal
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one of the bones of the spine termed as vertebra slips forward on the vertebra directly below it thus causing significant pain and nerve injury. Damage to the integrity of the disc accompanied by mechanical compression or chemical damage to the nerve roots is the result of both static compressive loading and increased pressures in particular postures.This study was done to study the effect of BMI on lumbar spinal canal diameter, to find the value of spinal canal diameter with respect to age & gender and to correlate spinal stenosis with BMI.This was an observational, case control study conducted over 361 subjects. The studied participants suffering from spinal stenosis that underwent MRI and were aged between 30 years to 60 years visiting the outpatient department (OPD) of Department of Radiology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital were included in the study. The age distribution showed that most of the cases belong to the age group 40-44 yr. (22.7%), 30-34 yr. (21.1%) and 35-39 yr. (18.3%). The mean age was 42.46±8.31 years. Our study also observed that at anterior posterior diameter and transverse diameter, no significant difference was observed in various cervical and lumbar spinal canal diameter for various categories of BMI (p>0.05), though in majority of the cases cervical spinal canal diameter was longer for higher BMI (>30 kg/m) and lumbar spinal canal diameter was shorter for higher BMI. Treatment and prevention of being obese is requisite public health priority. If successful, such results may lead to the minimization of the severity and extent of spondylolisthesis, which in turn may also reduce the risk of low back pain and the subsequent need for management.
{"title":"Prevalence of cervical spinal stenosis and its association with body mass index among Uttar Pradesh population","authors":"Divya Singh, P. Sharma, S. Jaiswal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"Spondylolisthesis occurs when one of the bones of the spine termed as vertebra slips forward on the vertebra directly below it thus causing significant pain and nerve injury. Damage to the integrity of the disc accompanied by mechanical compression or chemical damage to the nerve roots is the result of both static compressive loading and increased pressures in particular postures.This study was done to study the effect of BMI on lumbar spinal canal diameter, to find the value of spinal canal diameter with respect to age & gender and to correlate spinal stenosis with BMI.This was an observational, case control study conducted over 361 subjects. The studied participants suffering from spinal stenosis that underwent MRI and were aged between 30 years to 60 years visiting the outpatient department (OPD) of Department of Radiology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital were included in the study. The age distribution showed that most of the cases belong to the age group 40-44 yr. (22.7%), 30-34 yr. (21.1%) and 35-39 yr. (18.3%). The mean age was 42.46±8.31 years. Our study also observed that at anterior posterior diameter and transverse diameter, no significant difference was observed in various cervical and lumbar spinal canal diameter for various categories of BMI (p>0.05), though in majority of the cases cervical spinal canal diameter was longer for higher BMI (>30 kg/m) and lumbar spinal canal diameter was shorter for higher BMI. Treatment and prevention of being obese is requisite public health priority. If successful, such results may lead to the minimization of the severity and extent of spondylolisthesis, which in turn may also reduce the risk of low back pain and the subsequent need for management.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45997698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.027
P. Kasat, Ranjan Pampi, G. Muthiyan
A joint or articulation or articular surface is the connection made between bones in the body. They link the skeletal system to allow for different degrees and types of movement. Joints are classified both structurally and functionally. The short communication aims to initiate an innovative classification of joint on the basis of general morphology as follows:1. Simple (one pair of articulating surfaces; male and female): e.g. Fibrous joint: Metopic suture between two frontal bones, sagittal suture between two parietal bones; Cartilaginous joint: Synchondroses: manubriosternal joint, occipitosphenoid joint; Symphyses: pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, symphysis menti; Synovial joint: interphalangeal joint, first carpometacarpal joint, shoulder joint, sacroiliac joint; and 2. Compound (more than one pair of surfaces): e.g. Fibrous joint: Coronal suture between one frontal and two parietal bones; Cartilaginous joint: ends of the long bones with multiple secondary centres of ossification which fuse later (epiphysis) can be technically considered as compound cartilaginous joints during developmental phase; Synovial joint: elbow joint, wrist joint, knee joint etc.
{"title":"A novel insight towards classification of joints","authors":"P. Kasat, Ranjan Pampi, G. Muthiyan","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.027","url":null,"abstract":"A joint or articulation or articular surface is the connection made between bones in the body. They link the skeletal system to allow for different degrees and types of movement. Joints are classified both structurally and functionally. The short communication aims to initiate an innovative classification of joint on the basis of general morphology as follows:1. Simple (one pair of articulating surfaces; male and female): e.g. Fibrous joint: Metopic suture between two frontal bones, sagittal suture between two parietal bones; Cartilaginous joint: Synchondroses: manubriosternal joint, occipitosphenoid joint; Symphyses: pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, symphysis menti; Synovial joint: interphalangeal joint, first carpometacarpal joint, shoulder joint, sacroiliac joint; and 2. Compound (more than one pair of surfaces): e.g. Fibrous joint: Coronal suture between one frontal and two parietal bones; Cartilaginous joint: ends of the long bones with multiple secondary centres of ossification which fuse later (epiphysis) can be technically considered as compound cartilaginous joints during developmental phase; Synovial joint: elbow joint, wrist joint, knee joint etc.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49053810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.017
A. Nene, Oluwapamilerin Olayemi
If there is frequent usage of social media then it will start to negatively impact self-esteem, mental health, self-worth and create risk factors for body dissatisfaction by causing disordered eating behaviours and affecting self-image.The database search used to obtain the research papers were from PubMed, Google Scholar, My NCBI and Science Direct. These research papers were selected from 2012 to 2022 which consisted of clinical trials and randomized controlled trial articles. After comparisons between ten different articles, it was found that social media has the potential to become addictive. Especially, for individuals with behavioural problems such as gambling, gaming, mental distress, and internet overuse. As a result, this can start to cause psychological distress from increased pressures to maintain unrealistic beauty and social standards, which leads to depression and a downgrade in self-confidence.Time spent on social media can affect an individual in a positive and/or negative way. In some negative instances, people use it as a spectrum to gauge the means of approval with their way of life, in turn, this can affect how people see themselves and lowers their self-esteem. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here.
{"title":"The negative impact of social media on self-esteem and body image – A narrative review","authors":"A. Nene, Oluwapamilerin Olayemi","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.017","url":null,"abstract":"If there is frequent usage of social media then it will start to negatively impact self-esteem, mental health, self-worth and create risk factors for body dissatisfaction by causing disordered eating behaviours and affecting self-image.The database search used to obtain the research papers were from PubMed, Google Scholar, My NCBI and Science Direct. These research papers were selected from 2012 to 2022 which consisted of clinical trials and randomized controlled trial articles. After comparisons between ten different articles, it was found that social media has the potential to become addictive. Especially, for individuals with behavioural problems such as gambling, gaming, mental distress, and internet overuse. As a result, this can start to cause psychological distress from increased pressures to maintain unrealistic beauty and social standards, which leads to depression and a downgrade in self-confidence.Time spent on social media can affect an individual in a positive and/or negative way. In some negative instances, people use it as a spectrum to gauge the means of approval with their way of life, in turn, this can affect how people see themselves and lowers their self-esteem. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45192973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.019
Sonal Pradeep Nahar, P. Nahar
The renal veins present a broad spectrum of variability in their length, tributaries. Such aspects are important when considering a surgical approach, trauma, interpreting diagnostic images and teaching renal veins. Although imaging techniques have good resolution, they have failed to reduce the incidence of complications of renal surgery. Objectives of the study are to measure length of renal vein and to study the variations in renal vasculature.: The dissection was carried out in 75 cadavers which were embalmed using formalin. Length of the renal vein was measured using Vernier caliper. Values were reported as in percentage, mean and standard deviation. 66.7% specimens didn’t have extrahilar primary tributaries. We found additional renal veins were less on left side i.e. 3 than on right side 10. One specimen of retro aortic left renal vein was found. This knowledge will be of immense help to radiologists and oncologists who are dealing with this region. Also a detailed knowledge and understanding of major congenital anomalies of the renal veins variations will provides safety guidelines for endovascular procedures.
{"title":"Anatomical study of renal vein in cadavers by dissection method","authors":"Sonal Pradeep Nahar, P. Nahar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"The renal veins present a broad spectrum of variability in their length, tributaries. Such aspects are important when considering a surgical approach, trauma, interpreting diagnostic images and teaching renal veins. Although imaging techniques have good resolution, they have failed to reduce the incidence of complications of renal surgery. Objectives of the study are to measure length of renal vein and to study the variations in renal vasculature.: The dissection was carried out in 75 cadavers which were embalmed using formalin. Length of the renal vein was measured using Vernier caliper. Values were reported as in percentage, mean and standard deviation. 66.7% specimens didn’t have extrahilar primary tributaries. We found additional renal veins were less on left side i.e. 3 than on right side 10. One specimen of retro aortic left renal vein was found. This knowledge will be of immense help to radiologists and oncologists who are dealing with this region. Also a detailed knowledge and understanding of major congenital anomalies of the renal veins variations will provides safety guidelines for endovascular procedures.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44375097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.028
Praisy Joy, A. Ganapathy, Sipra Rout
Evidence based anatomy is a branch of epidemiological anatomy. In this commentary, we propose the four pillars of Evidence based Anatomy. The foundation is formed by Sackett et al’s article. The foundation is reinforced by Yaminne et al’s article. The pillars being formed by evidence, knowledge, application of knowledge and training of researchers (E-KAT) was proposed in this study.We conducted a review adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar. 2 review authors screened the retrieved citations, downloaded the citations in PDF format and it was cross-checked by another review author. CASP tool was used to assess the quality of the articles retrieved.We included and retrieved 8 articles related to evidence based anatomy. The articles were reviewed and findings written.The highest level of evidence is Meta-analysis. This article describes the past, present and future of evidence based anatomy. Evidence based Anatomy will bring out high quality research in anatomy.
{"title":"Evidence based anatomy- Past, present and future","authors":"Praisy Joy, A. Ganapathy, Sipra Rout","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.028","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence based anatomy is a branch of epidemiological anatomy. In this commentary, we propose the four pillars of Evidence based Anatomy. The foundation is formed by Sackett et al’s article. The foundation is reinforced by Yaminne et al’s article. The pillars being formed by evidence, knowledge, application of knowledge and training of researchers (E-KAT) was proposed in this study.We conducted a review adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar. 2 review authors screened the retrieved citations, downloaded the citations in PDF format and it was cross-checked by another review author. CASP tool was used to assess the quality of the articles retrieved.We included and retrieved 8 articles related to evidence based anatomy. The articles were reviewed and findings written.The highest level of evidence is Meta-analysis. This article describes the past, present and future of evidence based anatomy. Evidence based Anatomy will bring out high quality research in anatomy.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44710608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.021
Sachin Shembekar, Bharat Thakre, H. Ambade
128 human hearts including 70 males and 58 females in all age groups were used for the present study. Coronary arteries were dissected out from all the human hearts. The luminal diameter was studied in all the four major coronary arteries, namely, right coronary artery (RCA), left coronary artery (LCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) in both the sexes. The histological sections were stained with H & E stain and the diameter was measured with the help of ocular micrometer. Among the four major coronary arteries luminal diameter is found to be more in LCA followed by LAD, RCA and LCX. Luminal diameter was found to be more in males as compared to females in all the four major coronary arteries. The data of present study can be useful for doing any instrumentation of coronary artery.
{"title":"Luminal diameters of major coronary arteries","authors":"Sachin Shembekar, Bharat Thakre, H. Ambade","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.021","url":null,"abstract":"128 human hearts including 70 males and 58 females in all age groups were used for the present study. Coronary arteries were dissected out from all the human hearts. The luminal diameter was studied in all the four major coronary arteries, namely, right coronary artery (RCA), left coronary artery (LCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) in both the sexes. The histological sections were stained with H & E stain and the diameter was measured with the help of ocular micrometer. Among the four major coronary arteries luminal diameter is found to be more in LCA followed by LAD, RCA and LCX. Luminal diameter was found to be more in males as compared to females in all the four major coronary arteries. The data of present study can be useful for doing any instrumentation of coronary artery.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46609932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.022
Priyanka, Abhishek Kumar, Prasad Anjali Krishna
: Nerve conduction studies reveal technique to work on peripheral nerve being capable in revealing nerve-related issue. It aids in distinguishing from a nerve injury to situation where muscles are affected due to a nerve lesion. While, in that respect much dissimilarity persist in use of Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) in different nerves with regard to place, sex, mass & other ethnographical facts i.e. Span of life. This has been viewed in performing nerve conduction studies while ethnograpical part differs for different geological region.: The purpose of present work is to do the Nerve Conduction Variables (NCV) studies in rt. median nerve in usual well young of Malwa region and to study the outcome of B.M.I on it. : A total 110 healthy participants from the periods of 20 and 50 years, with none nerve lesion, being examined at IMCHRC, Indore. All trial were completed on JAVA RMSAleron-201 series. Scrutiny on SPSS 10.0 series. : The mean of NCV firstly rises among periods of 20-30 yrs, 31-40 yrs & 40-50years, preceded by a fall in the mean NCV of elbow–wrist segment which significantly fall while the mean of B.M.I rises with increasing length of life. It is to be noted that NCV was inversely related to an increase in B.M.I in the volunteer the mean NCV of Set 1 > Set2, Set3, Set 4 with P < 0.05 that toply relevant.Usual parameter for conduction in peripheral nerves to be used in the test of peripheral nerve lesion. B.M.I has a definitive effect on NCV. So, this factor has been put into concern during interpretation of results during nerve conduction studies. Therefore, it should also be used for research purposes & in prognosis approach.
{"title":"Survey of body mass index (BMI) on median motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in normal population of Malwa region","authors":"Priyanka, Abhishek Kumar, Prasad Anjali Krishna","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.022","url":null,"abstract":": Nerve conduction studies reveal technique to work on peripheral nerve being capable in revealing nerve-related issue. It aids in distinguishing from a nerve injury to situation where muscles are affected due to a nerve lesion. While, in that respect much dissimilarity persist in use of Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) in different nerves with regard to place, sex, mass & other ethnographical facts i.e. Span of life. This has been viewed in performing nerve conduction studies while ethnograpical part differs for different geological region.: The purpose of present work is to do the Nerve Conduction Variables (NCV) studies in rt. median nerve in usual well young of Malwa region and to study the outcome of B.M.I on it. : A total 110 healthy participants from the periods of 20 and 50 years, with none nerve lesion, being examined at IMCHRC, Indore. All trial were completed on JAVA RMSAleron-201 series. Scrutiny on SPSS 10.0 series. : The mean of NCV firstly rises among periods of 20-30 yrs, 31-40 yrs & 40-50years, preceded by a fall in the mean NCV of elbow–wrist segment which significantly fall while the mean of B.M.I rises with increasing length of life. It is to be noted that NCV was inversely related to an increase in B.M.I in the volunteer the mean NCV of Set 1 > Set2, Set3, Set 4 with P < 0.05 that toply relevant.Usual parameter for conduction in peripheral nerves to be used in the test of peripheral nerve lesion. B.M.I has a definitive effect on NCV. So, this factor has been put into concern during interpretation of results during nerve conduction studies. Therefore, it should also be used for research purposes & in prognosis approach.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44205228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.015
N. Pandey, Seema Singh
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as impaired glucose tolerance that is discovered during pregnancy. It is associated with both maternal and various fetal and neonatal mobidity. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus ranges from 3.8% to 17.8% in various studies done in different regions of Indian subcontinent. It has been observed in follow-up studies that both mother and child is more susceptible to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus later in life. Some studies have shown that pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and GDM has many similar features and also observed that candidate genes involved in pathogenesis of type 2 DM might have role in pathogenesis of GDM. GDM is potentially induced by several etiologic factors such as genetic and environmental. Family, twins and trans-generational studies have provided evidence that GDM is heritable in some case. There is ample chance to develop GDM in subsequent pregnancies. In this review we will discuss the role of genes regulating insulin secretion ie KCNQ1 and two gene involved in insulin resistance and inflammatory processes ie Leptin and PPARᵞ2.
{"title":"Review on association between polymorphism of genes regulating insulin resistance and insulin secretion in gestational diabetes mellitus","authors":"N. Pandey, Seema Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.015","url":null,"abstract":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as impaired glucose tolerance that is discovered during pregnancy. It is associated with both maternal and various fetal and neonatal mobidity. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus ranges from 3.8% to 17.8% in various studies done in different regions of Indian subcontinent. It has been observed in follow-up studies that both mother and child is more susceptible to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus later in life. Some studies have shown that pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and GDM has many similar features and also observed that candidate genes involved in pathogenesis of type 2 DM might have role in pathogenesis of GDM. GDM is potentially induced by several etiologic factors such as genetic and environmental. Family, twins and trans-generational studies have provided evidence that GDM is heritable in some case. There is ample chance to develop GDM in subsequent pregnancies. In this review we will discuss the role of genes regulating insulin secretion ie KCNQ1 and two gene involved in insulin resistance and inflammatory processes ie Leptin and PPARᵞ2.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.018
Preethi B L, A. Hasan, P. Kalra, A. Kumar M
The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasing all over the world and is a major public health problem in India. Studies have been done on diabetes and associated complications like, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy etc, but there is a paucity of research on olfactory functions in T2DM.: Assessment of olfactory functions in T2DM. This was a cross-sectional study done on 105 subjects; 35 T2DM patients ≤ 5 years disease duration and 35 T2DM patients > 5 years disease duration, and 35 controls. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institute’s Ethics Committee, and a written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects. Assessment of olfactory functions was done by olfactory evoked potentials (OEP). The study showed that the latencies of the OEP waves in T2DM patients showed a trend towards significance both with increased duration of the disease, and higher HbA1c levels. This can be interpreted as deviation from the normal pattern of OEP, seen in normal individuals. This opens opportunities for further research in this field.: Changes in the central processing of the olfactory functions with increasing duration of T2DM and greater HbA1c levels may occur. Early detection smell impairment and meticulous control of blood sugar levels are required to prevent complications of T2DM affecting the olfactory sensation.
{"title":"Assessment of olfactory functions in diabetes mellitus","authors":"Preethi B L, A. Hasan, P. Kalra, A. Kumar M","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.018","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasing all over the world and is a major public health problem in India. Studies have been done on diabetes and associated complications like, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy etc, but there is a paucity of research on olfactory functions in T2DM.: Assessment of olfactory functions in T2DM. This was a cross-sectional study done on 105 subjects; 35 T2DM patients ≤ 5 years disease duration and 35 T2DM patients > 5 years disease duration, and 35 controls. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institute’s Ethics Committee, and a written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects. Assessment of olfactory functions was done by olfactory evoked potentials (OEP). The study showed that the latencies of the OEP waves in T2DM patients showed a trend towards significance both with increased duration of the disease, and higher HbA1c levels. This can be interpreted as deviation from the normal pattern of OEP, seen in normal individuals. This opens opportunities for further research in this field.: Changes in the central processing of the olfactory functions with increasing duration of T2DM and greater HbA1c levels may occur. Early detection smell impairment and meticulous control of blood sugar levels are required to prevent complications of T2DM affecting the olfactory sensation.","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47683007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.014
Anubha Sharma, Ajay Mahaputra Kumar
{"title":"Visualization to innovation: Role of 3D models in medical education","authors":"Anubha Sharma, Ajay Mahaputra Kumar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91698,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of clinical anatomy and physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48112447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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